Part III: Inequality-Reducing Transformation ("Pagbabago") Chapter 8: Expand Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry, 69 and Fisheries Chapter 9: Expand Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services 85 Chapter 10: Accelerating Human Capital Development 107 Chapter 11: Reducing Vulnerability of Individuals and Families 125 Chapter 12: Building Safe and Secure Communities 139

Part IV: Increasing Growth Potential ("Patuloy na Pag-unlad") Chapter 13: Reaching for the Demographic Dividend 153 Chapter 14: Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology, and Innovation 165

Part V: Enabling and Supportive Economic Development Chapter 15: Ensuring Sound Macroeconomic Policy 187 Chapter 16: Leveling the Playing Field 213

Part VI: Foundations for Sustainable Development Chapter 17: Attaining Just and Lasting Peace 223 Chapter 18: Ensuring Regional Security, Public Order, and Safety 233 Chapter 19: Accelerating Infrastructure Development 245 Chapter 20: Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment 275 Chapter 21: Ensuring Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration 301

Part VII: Plan Implementation and Monitoring Chapter 22: Plan Implementation and Monitoring 313 List of Acronyms 317 RDP 2017-2022 Planning Committees 323

iv Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

RDC Resolution

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | v

RDC Resolution

vi Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Message

As we embarked on this journey towards real and pivotal change for our country, one of the commitments of this Administration is to reduce inequality and spread economic growth and development to the regions. Being the first medium-term development plan geared to the realization of AmBisyon Natin 2040 or the Filipino people’s collective aspiration for self and the country by 2040, the Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017-2022 has been instrumental in laying the necessary foundations for inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Acknowledging that key to a growth that

leaves no one behind regardless of one’s

location, the PDP 2017-2022 is the first

development plan to have a dedicated

chapter on the National Spatial Strategy

(NSS). The NSS banks on three

core strategies: regional agglomeration;

connectivity; and vulnerability reduction to

ensure that all regions have access to basic

services and to development opportunities.

These strategies are likewise reflected in the

Regional Development Plans (RDPs). These

Plans highlight their respective region’s

comparative advantage and identify

possible areas of collaboration among

neighboring regions. Three years into the

Plan’s implementation, we have witnessed

significant strides in regional development.

Increasingly, big-ticket infrastructure

projects covering various sectors are being

distributed among the regions. Apart from

improving connectivity in areas where these

projects are located, these have likewise

facilitated access to better services and

created economic opportunities for private

sector investors and individuals in terms of

doing business and securing employment.

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | vii

These developments, coupled with an For the rest of the Plan period, NEDA enabling environment provided by the remains committed to pursuing more passage of key legislations in line with the meaningful reforms and programs for the priorities of the PDP 2017-2022 (i.e., people, while keeping regional development Universal Health Care Law, Universal at the center of our economic growth Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act, strategy. With the updated RDPs, we hope and Ease of Doing Business and Efficient to introduce policies and programs for the Government Service Delivery Act to name a creation of more and better jobs, few), we have empowered more Filipinos, improvement of social services, innovative most especially those from the regions, to be activities, and the rollout of infrastructure engaged in and benefit from the country’s projects connecting the countryside to expanding economic activities. growth centers.

These key reforms and programs are just the To ensure the fruition of our efforts, once first steps needed in our journey towards again I urge the regions, through the RDCs, AmBisyon Natin 2040. Moving on to the last to continue to steer the course in the next few years of the Plan’s implementation three years to realize our goal of laying a period, the Regional Development Councils solid foundation for a stronger and more (RDCs) through the NEDA Regional Offices, resilient nation for future generations. in close coordination with government agencies and private sector representatives, assessed the gains and recalibrated the strategies to ensure that these are responsive to current and emerging challenges that the regions are facing.

viii Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Message

In 2017, the RDC approved the CALABARZON Regional Development Plan (RDP) 2017-2022. After two years, we assessed our performance in the Region against the Plan targets to see how we are faring. Based on this assessment, the Plan was updated.

The Updated RDP focuses on the priority strategies, programs, and projects that will

ensure we will realize our targets and our

vision. It is to be expected that changes have

to be introduced to adopt to the requirements of the current and anticipated economic situations which understandably very much affected by the Taal Volcano eruption and the devastation brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. I cannot over emphasize the importance of convergence and participatory governance in nation building. We, in the RDC, recognize the crucial roles of both public and private in setting the direction of regional development. The RDC calls for the harmonization of local development plans and the active participation and support of all stakeholders in the implementation of the Updated Plan through the formulation of policies, and proposing programs, projects and activities that are aligned with the Plan targets.

With our Updated CALABARZON RDP

2017-2022 and the support of all stakeholders,

we are now moving closer to building a secure,

comfortable and strongly rooted life for the people of CALABARZON and a brighter and a more secure future for the generations to come.

HERMILANDO I. MANDANAS RDC Chairperson

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x Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Foreword

As the Region continues to be at the forefront of economic development through its attractive investment opportunities, business-friendly environment, excellent industry sector performance, and rapidly increasing labor force, the challenge shifts to sustaining the Region’s positive performance and maximizing its gains. This will ensure that everyone benefits from the economic growth.

The Updated Regional Development Plan (RDP) 2017-2022 highlights the relevant issues and concerns encountered during the first two years of the Plan implementation that may hinder the attainment of the Regional targets. Corresponding strategies, programs and projects that will address the identified issues and concerns make up the Plan. It has twenty-two chapters consisted of strategies focusing on enhancing the social fabric (Malasakit), reducing inequality (Pagbabago), and increasing

growth potential (Patuloy na Pag-unlad)

and included a new chapter on ensuring safe

and orderly migration.

This RDP is anchored on the country’s long term vision, the AmBisyon Natin 2040, which visualizes the Philippines to be a “prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is poor” by 2040. It is likewise aligned with the Updated Philippine Development Plan (PDP) which operationalizes the current administration’s 0 to 10 Socioeconomic Agenda.

The Regional Development Council, with its several planning committees, spearheaded the formulation of the Updated RDP through a series of consultative workshops. These were participated by representatives from the various sectors of

society to guarantee the inclusivity of the

Plan and its responsiveness to the needs and demands in the Region. Thus, the Plan is not

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xi only made for the people but is created by assessed by monitoring and evaluation of the people. With this, everyone is the achievement of the Plan targets through encouraged to use the Updated Plan as a the Regional Development Report and by guide for development initiatives and to monitoring of the implementation of PPAs ensure that the Region works within a through the Regional Project Monitoring common development framework and and Evaluation System. towards the same goals. The realization of this Plan is a step towards The priority strategies identified in the Plan the realization of our vision of a globally will be translated to priority programs, competitive industrial region where its projects and activities (PPAs) which will be people enjoy a matatag, maginhawa, at the basis of the Regional Development panatag na buhay. Investment Program. The Plan is annually

LUIS G. BANUA NEDA Region IV-A Director and RDC Vice-Chairperson

xii Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Acknowledgment

The completion of the CALABARZON Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Midterm Update was made possible through the collaborative efforts of the members of the Regional Development Council and its partners. We thank the following for their immense contribution in the completion of the Updated Plan:

• Provincial Government of Cavite • Provincial Government of Laguna • Provincial Government of Batangas • Provincial Government of Rizal • Provincial Government of Quezon • Armed Forces of the Philippines, Southern Luzon Command • Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas-Lucena Branch • Bureau of Fire Protection Region IV-A • Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Region IV-A • Bureau of Local Government Finance Region IV-A • Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A • Civil Service Commission Region IV • Commission on Audit • Commission on Higher Education Region IV-A • Commission on Human Rights Region IV-A • Commission on Population and Development Region IV-A • Cooperative Development Authority Region IV-A • Development Academy of the Philippines • Department of Agriculture Region IV-A • Department of Agriculture – National Dairy Authority • Department of Agriculture – National Livestock Program • Department of Agriculture – Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation • Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Credit Policy Council • Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Training Institute • Department of Agriculture – Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority • Department of Agriculture – Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and Mechanization • Department of Agriculture – Philippine Coconut Authority Region IV-A • Department of Agriculture – National Food Authority Region IV • Department of Agrarian Reform Region IV-A • Department of Budget and Management Region IV-A • Department of Education Region IV-A • Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region IV-A • Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Environment Management Bureau Region IV-A

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xiii

• Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region – Forest Management Bureau • Department of Energy - Energy Policy and Planning Bureau • Department of Foreign Affairs - Lucena City • Department of Health Region IV-A • Department of Interior and Local Government Region IV-A • Department of Justice – Office of the Regional Prosecutor IV-A • Department of Justice – Parole and Probation Administration Region IV-A • Department of Justice – Public Attorney’s Office Region IV-A • Department of Labor and Employment Region IV-A • Department of Science and Technology Region IV-A • Department of Tourism Region IV-A • Department of Transportation • Department of Public Works and Highways Region IV-A • Department of Social Welfare and Development Field Office IV-A • Department of Trade and Industry Region IV-A • Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development Region IV-A • Home Mutual Development Fund • Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines • Laguna Lake Development Authority • Land Transportation Office Region IV-A • National Commission for Culture and the Arts • National Commission on Indigenous Peoples Region IV • National Electrification Administration • National Home Mortgage Corporation • National Housing Authority Region IV-A • National Irrigation Administration Region IV-A • National Intelligence Coordinating Agency Region IV • Office of the Civil Defense Region IV-A • Office of the Presidential Adviser on Peace Process • Overseas Workers Welfare Administration Region IV-A • Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development • Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Region IV-A • Philippine Economic Zone Authority • Philippine Guarantee Corporation • Philippine Health Insurance Corporation Region IV-A • Philippine Information Agency Region IV-A • Philippine National Police Region IV-A • Philippine Ports Authority – Batangas • Philippine Ports Authority – Marquez • Philippine National Railways • Philippine Statistics Authority Region IV-A • Social Housing Finance Corporation • Technical Education and Skills Development Authority Region IV-A • Toll Regulatory Board xiv Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

• Batangas State University • Cavite State University • Laguna State Polytechnic University • Southern Luzon State University • University of Rizal System • University of the Philippines – Los Baños • Atikha Overseas Workers and Communities Initiative, Inc. • Cavite Metro Multipurpose Cooperative • Cavite Technical Vocational Educators Association, Inc. • Enrique Zobel Foundation • Kabisig ng Kalahi Inc. • National Council of Women of the Philippines • PATAMABA-Workers in the Informal Sector Enterprise • Philippine Chamber of Commerce & Industry- Cavite, Inc. • Philippine Industrial Estate Association, Inc. • Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers-Batangas Chapter • Philippine Metalworkers’ Alliance • Punta Fuego Village Foundation, Inc. • Regional Tripartite Industrial Peace Council-IV-A, Inc. • Sinag Kalinga Foundation Inc. • Sorosoro Ibaba Devt.Cooperative • Seven Squares Advocacy Cooperative • Teach for the Philippines

To everyone who took part in this shared endeavor, our sincerest gratitude and appreciation.

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xv

xvi Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

List of Tables and Figures

Chapter 1 The Long View Figure 1.1 The RDP within the context of the Long-Term 5 Development Plan Figure 1.2 Regional Development Plan, 2017-2022 7 Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics Table 3.1 CALABARZON Political Subdivision, 2015 and 2019 17 Table 3.2 Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Population, 18 CALABARZON, 2000 to 2015 Figure 3.1 CALABARZON Network of Settlements, 2015 19 Table 3.3 5-Level Network of Settlements, 2015 20 Figure 3.2 Proposed CALABARZON Transport Solution 26 Chapter 4 Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Overall Framework Figure 4.1 The Development Framework 29

Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance Figure 5.1 Strategic Framework to Ensure People-Centered, Clean, and 40 Efficient Governance Table 5.1 Plan Targets to Ensure People-Centered, Clean and 40 Efficient Governance

Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Administration of Justice Table 6.1 Improvement in CALABARZON Justice System, 2016- 2018 47 Table 6.2 Constructed Jail Facilities, 2016–2018 48 Table 6.3 Cases Assisted and Resolved, 2017-2019 48 Table 6.4 Effect of Operationalizing Local Interventions for 48 Rehabilitation, 2017 – 2018 Figure 6.1 Strategic Framework to Pursue Swift and Fair Administration 49 of Justice Table 6.5 Plan Targets to Pursue Swift and Fair Administration 50 of Justice

Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values Figure 7.1 Strategic Framework to Promote Philippine Culture 57 and Values Table 7.1 Plan Targets to Promote Philippine Culture and Values 58

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xvii

Chapter 8 Expand Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Table 8.1 Growth Rate of GVA in AHFF (in percent) 69 Table 8.2 Growth Rate of Value of Production by Subsector (in percent, 69 at constant prices) Table 8.3 Yield of Major Commodities (in MT/Ha, cumulative) 70 Table 8.4 Growth in Volume of Fisheries Production (in percent) 70 Table 8.5 Volume of Priority Fishery Commodities Production (in ‘000 71 MT, cumulative) Table 8.6 Volume of Production (in ‘000 MT, cumulative) 71 Table 8.7 Technical Support Services Provided 72 Figure 8.1 Strategic Framework to Expand Economic Opportunities in 74 Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Table 8.8 Plan Targets to Expand Economic Opportunities in 74 Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Table 8.9 Target Growth in Volume of Production (in percentage) 75 Table 8.10 Target Volume of Production (‘000 MT, cumulative) 75 Table 8.11 Target Yield of Coconut (MT/ha, 2020-2022) 75

Chapter 9 Expand Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services Table 9.1 Industry and Services Target and Actual Growth Rates, 86 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.2 Gross Regional Domestic Product in the Industry Sector, 86 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.3 Gross Regional Domestic Product in the Services Sector, 87 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.4 Employment Generated in the Industry Sector, 87 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.5 Employment Generated in the Services Sector, 88 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.6 Employment Generated in the Industry Subsectors by Sex (in 88 ‘000), CALABARZON, 2016-2017 Table 9.7 Employment Generated in the Services Subsector by Sex, 88 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Figure 9.1 CALABARZON Economic Zones 90 Table 9.8 Merchandise Exports, Total Approved Investments and 91 Domestic Sales in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 9.9 Target and Actual Tourism Data, CALABARZON, 2016-2019 92 Table 9.10 Number of Negosyo Centers Established per Province per Year, 93 2015-2018 Table 9.11 Consumer Awareness and Access to Economic Opportunities, 94 CALABARZON, 2016 - 2018 Figure 9.2 Strategic Framework to Expand Economic Opportunities in 95 Industry and Services Table 9.12 Plan Targets to Expand Economic Opportunities in Industry 96 and Services

xviii Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development Table 10.1 Net Enrolment and Completion Rate, CALABARZON, 110 2016-2019 Table 10.2 Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment Rates, 111 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Figure 10.1 Strategic Framework to Accelerate Human 112 Capital Development Table 10.3 Plan Targets to Accelerate Human Capital Development 113

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerability of Individuals and Families Table 11.1 CALABARZON Health Insurance Indicators, 2016-2018 126 Figure 11.1 Strategic Framework to Reduce Vulnerability of Individual 131 and Families Table 11.2 Plan Targets to Reduce Vulnerability of Individual 131 and Families

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities Table 12.1 National Shelter Program Direct Housing Assistance Annual 140 Accomplishments, 2017-2019 Table 12.2 National Shelter Program Indirect Housing Assistance Annual 141 Accomplishments, 2017-2019 Table 12.3 Accomplishments in Building a Safe and 142 Resilient Communities Figure 12.1 Strategic Framework to Build Safe and secure Communities 143 Table 12.4 Plan Targets to Build Safe and secure Communities 143 Table 12.5 Direct Housing Provision Targets (in units/households), 144 2020-2022 Table 12.6 Indirect Housing Provision Targets (in units/households), 144 2020-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend Table 13.1 CALABARZON Population and Population Growth 153 Figure 13.1 Population Pyramid, CALABARZON, 2010 and 2015 154 Table 13.2 Modern Contraceptives Prevalence Rate (in percent) by 154 Province, 2017-2018 Table 13.3 Maternal Mortality Ratio by Province, 2017-2018 155 Table 13.4 Under-Five Mortality Rate by Province, 2017-2018 155 Table 13.5 Prevalence Rate of Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity of Children 156 Less Than 5 Years Old and Aged 10-15 in CALABARZON, 2013 and 2015 Table 13.6 Number of Enrollees in CALABARZON, 2017-2019 157 Figure 13.2 Strategic Framework to Reach the Demographic Dividend 157 Table 13.7 Plan Targets to Reach the Demographic Dividend 158

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xix

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology, and Innovation Table 14.1 Number of Technologies Promoted, CALABARZON, 166 2017-2019 Table 14.2 Number of Technologies: Adopted/Utilized, CALABARZON, 166 2017-2019 Table 14.3 Number of Technology Adopters, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 167 Table 14.4 Intellectual Property Rights Registration, CALABARZON, 167 2017-2019 Table 14.5 Intellectual Property Rights Application, CALABARZON, 168 2017-2019 Table 14.6 Number of S&T Interventions Provided, CALABARZON, 168 2017-2019 Table 14.7 Number of Firms Provided with S&T Services, 168 CALABARZON, 2017-2019 Table 14.8 Number of Jobs Generated, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 169 Table 14.9 Number of S&T Promotional Activities Conducted, 169 CALABARZON, 2017-2019 Table 14.10 Completed and Published Research, CALABARZON, 170 2011–2019 Table 14.11 Focus of Completed Researches, CALABARZON, 2011–2019 170 Table 14.12 Completed Researches by Sector, CALABARZON, 2011–2019 170 Table 14.13 Number of STEM Enrollees and Graduates in HEIs, 171 CALABARZON, 2017-2019 Table 14.14 Number of STEM enrollees and graduates in senior high 172 school, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 Table 14.15 Ongoing STI Linkages in CALABARZON 172 Table 14.16 Changes in Chapter 14 Results Matrix Indicators 174 Table 14.17 Availability of Regional Data for Chapter 14 Result 175 Matrix Indicators Figure 14.1 Strategic Framework to Vigorously Advance Science, 175 Technology and Innovation Table 14.18 Plan Targets to Vigorously Advance Science, Technology 176 and Innovation

Chapter 15 Ensuring Sound Macroeconomic Policy Table 15.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product by Industrial Origin, 188 CALABARZON (at constant 2000 prices) Table 15.2 Growth Rate of Gross Regional Domestic Product by 189 Industrial Origin Table 15.3 Percent Distribution of Gross Regional Domestic Product 189 2014-2018 Table 15.4 Growth Rate of Agriculture and Fisheries Output (at constant 191 2000 prices) Table 15.5 Growth Rate of Industry Output (at constant 2000 prices) 192 Table 15.6 Growth Rate of Services Output (at constant 2000 prices) 193

xx Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Table 15.7 Per Capita Gross Domestic Product in Pesos (at constant 193 2000 prices) Table 15.8 Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment Rates in 194 CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in percent) Table 15.9 Poverty Incidence Among Families, by Region (in percent) 195 Table 15.10 Poverty Incidence among Population, by Region (in percent) 195 Table 15.11 CALABARZON Least Developed Municipalities (based on 195 2012 & 2015 Small Area Poverty Estimates) Table 15.12 Inflation Rate 197 Table 15.13 Comparison of Inflation Rates in CALABARZON, 2017-2020 197 Table 15.14 Number of Offices by Type of Bank, CALABARZON, 198 2016-2018 Table 15.15 Number of Banks in CALABARZON by Type, by Province, 198 2016-2018 Table 15.16 Total Assets by Type of Bank, CALABARZO, 2016-2018 199 (in billion pesos) Table 15.17 Bank Density Ratio in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 199 Table 15.18 Number of Automated Teller Machines, CALABARZON, 199 2016-2018 Table 15.19 Deposit Liabilities by Type of Bank, 2016-2018 200 (in billion pesos) Table 15.20 Net Loan Portfolio by Type of Bank, CALABARZON, 200 2016-2018 (in billion pesos) Table 15.21 Microfinance Statistics, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 201 Table 15.22 Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2015-2018 201 Table 15.23 Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS 202 (in billion pesos) Table 15.24 Revenue Type, Actual Collections, CALABARZON 2016-2018 202 (in million pesos) Table 15.25 Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, CALABARZON 202 2016-2018 (in million pesos) Figure 15.1 Strategic Framework to Sustain a Sound 203 Macroeconomic Policy Table 15.26 Plan Targets to Sustain a Sound Macroeconomic Policy 203 Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field Figure 16.1 Decomposition of Philippines Product Market Regulations 214 Score for the Philippines Figure 16.2 Strategic Framework to Level the Playing Field 215 Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace Figure 17.1 Trend of STRPC Power Factors in CALABARZON 224 Figure 17.2 Strategic Framework to Attain Just and Lasting Peace 226 Table 17.1 Plan Targets to Attain Just and Lasting Peace 226

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xxi

Chapter 18 Ensuring Regional Security, Public Order, and Safety Figure 18.1 Comparative Index Crime Volume, CALABARZON, 233 2016-2019 Figure 18.2 Index Crime Distribution, CALABARZON, 2018 234 Figure 18.3 Comparative Crime Clearance and Crime Solution Efficiency, 235 CALABARZON, 2016-2019 Figure 18.4 Strategic Framework to Ensure Regional Safety, Public Order 237 and Safety Table18.1 Plan Targets to Ensure Regional Safety, Public Order 238 and Safety Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development Table 19.1 National Road Length Increased, By Province, 246 CALABARZON, 2018 Table 19.2 National Road Condition, CALABARZON, 2018 246 Figure 19.1 CALABARZON National Road Network, 2017 246 Table 19.3 Length of Existing Expressways, CALABARZON, 2016 247 Figure 19.2 Map of Existing and Proposed CALABARZON Expressways 248 Figure 19.3 Map of PNR Railway Network 249 Table 19.4 Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports in 2016-2018 250 Table 19.5 Household and Sitio Electrification in 2016-2018 251 Table 19.6 Number of Powered-Up Sites with Free Wi-Fi Internet Access 251 and Pop Established in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 Table 19.7 Performance of Irrigated Areas (in hectares), 2016-2018 252 Table 19.8 Ratio of Actual Irrigated Area, and Cropping Intensity, 253 2016-2018 Table 19.9 Access to Sanitation and Safe Water Supply, 2016-2018 253 Table 19.10 Projected Water Supply Demand in Cavite and Rizal Province, 254 2018-2021 Table 19.11 School Infrastructure and Facilities, CALABARZON, 255 2016-2019 Table 19.12 Status of Projects under the School Building Program, 256 2014-2019 Table 19.13 Operational Barangay Health Stations, 2016-2018 256 Table 19.14 Health Care Facilities, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 256 Table 19.15 No. of Licensed Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized 256 Bed Capacity, 2017-2018 Table 19.16 Social Welfare/Protection Facilities, CALABARZON, 2019 257 Table 19.17 Total Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of 258 the Outer Walls and Roof, CALABARZON, 2019 Table 19.18 Housing Units, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 258 Figure 19.4 Tenure Status of the Housing Unit and Lot, 259 CALABARZON, 2015 Table 19.19 Type of Evacuation Centers by Province, 2018 259 Table 19.20 BJMP Jail Facility Congestion Rate Distribution 260 Figure 19.5 Strategic Framework to Accelerate Infrastructure Development 261

xxii Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Table 19.21 Plan Targets to Accelerate Infrastructure Development, 261 2017-2022 Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment Table 20.1 Forest Cover Changes and Forestland Management in 276 CALABARZON, 2018 Figure 20.1 Geographic Distribution of Protected Areas in CALABARZON 277 Table 20.2 Status of Terrestrial and Marine Area Management in 277 CALABARZON, 2018 Table 20.3 Caves with Approved Management Plan in 278 CALABARZON, 2018 Table 20.4 Caves with Approved Management Plan in 278 CALABARZON, 2018 Table 20.5 Free Patents Issued to Beneficiaries in CALABARZON, 2019 279 Table 20.6 Status of Land Administration and Management in 279 CALABARZON, 2019 Table 20.7 Ambient Air Quality in Three Urban Areas of CALABARZON, 281 2017-2018 Table 20.8 Water Quality of Priority River Systems in CALABARZON 281 Table 20.9 Water Quality in 10 Sampling Stations Along Manila Bay 282 Table 20.10 Water Quality Sampling Stations in Selected Recreational 283 Water Bodies in CALABARZON Table 20.11 Average BOD Level of Laguna Lake from 2017-2019 283 Table 20.12 Total Sanitary Landfills in CALABARZON, 2019 284 Figure 20.2 Map of Environmental Quality Monitoring Stations 285 Table 20.13 10-year Solid Waste Management Plan Compliance in 285 CALABARZON 276 Table 20.14 Status of Solid Waste Management in CALABARZON 276 285 Table 20.15 Indicators, Targets, and Accomplishments for Adaptive 286 Capacity and Resilience in CALABARZON Figure 20.3 Strategic Framework to Ensure Ecological Integrity, Clean and 287 Healthy Environment Table 20.16 Plan Targets to Ensure Ecological Integrity, Clean and 288 Healthy Environment Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration Table 21.1 Proportion of OFW Deployment by Region 303 Figure 21.1 Strategic Framework to Ensure Safe, Orderly and 304 Regular Migration Table 21.2 Plan Targets to Ensure Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration 305 Chapter 22 Plan Implementation and Monitoring Table 22.1 Regional Coordination Mechanism for Plan Implementation 315 and Monitoring

Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 | xxiii

xxiv Regional Development Plan 2017-2022

Chapter 1 The Long View | 1

Chapter 1 The Long View

The CALABARZON Regional Development Plan (RDP) 2017-2022 Midterm Update is anchored on country’s long-term vision or AmBisyon Natin 2040 as well as the image that CALABARZONians desire the Region to be in 2046 as enunciated in the Regional Physical Framework Plan (RPFP), as follows: “The country is a prosperous middle-class society where no one is poor. People live long and healthy lives and are smart and innovative. The Philippines is a high-trust society where families thrive in vibrant, culturally diverse, and resilient communities.” – AmBisyon Natin 2040

“CALABARZON: A Region of vibrant economic diversity and vitality with progressive, well-planned town clusters inhabited by God-loving people enjoying globally competitive, balanced and resilient ecosystems.” – RPFP, 2017-2046

The Updated RDP is the first set among a issues regardless of the term limits series of six-year plans to pursue AmBisyon of elected officials. While short and Natin 2040 and the RPFP vision in 2046 medium-term plans are important, (Figure 1.1). The RDP is intended to be continuity of initiatives is as important used by stakeholders and partners as a tool as addressing emerging concerns that to build on the Region’s promise to become are brought about by recent trends and the most livable industrial Region in the phenomena. Thus, each medium-term plan country where no one is poor. is expected to build on the successes of the previous plan and assess the first three As the Region’s development blueprint for years of implementation, while addressing the remaining three years, the updated the remaining gaps. For the remainder of CALABARZON RDP will continue plan implementation, it will continue to to anchor on the national long-term focus for the Region to contribute toward perspective to aid development managers laying down the foundations for inclusive in identifying ambitious interventions growth, a high-trust society, and a globally that would address recurring development competitive knowledge economy.

Figure 1.1 The RDP within the Context of the Long-Term Development Plan

Chapter 1 The Long View | 5 The updated RDP shall contribute towards 3. Towards becoming smarter and realizing the national vision by pursuing more innovative: initiatives along the four identified areas • Skills to rapidly changing technology for strategic action for the next 25 years, and work requirements as follows: • K to 12 Program to continue providing foundation for a smarter society 1. Towards building a prosperous, • Innovative products and ideas pursued predominantly middle-class society where with strong intellectual property no one is poor, nine priority sectors rights framework were identified with the greatest potential • Massive R&D (research and to contribute to realizing AmBisyon development) programs Natin 2040: implemented • Housing and urban development manufacturing (transport, food 4. Towards building a high-trust society: processing, housing-related goods • People-centered, effective, and and services) accountable governance • Connectivity (bridges, airports, roads, • Public goods and services at all levels of communication, ports) government are efficiently delivered • Education services • Political and electoral reforms to • Financial services promote competition and inclusiveness • Health services in the political system in place • Tourism-related services • Peace agenda for armed conflict- • Agricultural development threatened areas pursued • Countryside development • Social and cultural awareness, and development of deep appreciation of Moreover, enterprises in sectors that the Filipino nation promoted produce goods and services that meet AmBisyon Natin 2040 (i.e., for which there For the Region to continue its contribution is a domestic market) and those that are effectively to the achievement of the able to participate in global trade will also national vision, the updating of the be given priority and enabling mechanisms: RDP used broad-based participatory • Enterprises that generate approaches with the issuance of MC No. high-quality jobs 01 series 2019 “Directing the Updating of • Enterprises that produces high-quality the Philippine Development Plan and the goods and services competitive prices Public Investment Program or the Period 2017-2022”. The RDC Committees were 2. Towards promoting a long and convened as planning committees (PCs) to healthy life: conduct sectoral assessment of the previous • Programs on quality and affordable plan period and finalize the Regional and universal health care and sectoral development frameworks. The social protection PCs are multi-sectoral in composition, • Quality maternal health and child care with representatives from the government • Reproductive health and family such as line agencies, government-owned planning programs and controlled corporations (GOCCs), • Malnutrition programs and facilities state universities and colleges (SUCs), and to encourage development of localgovernment units (LGUs), private healthy lifestyles or business institutions, and civil society • Natural resources and organizations (CSOs). environment management

6 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Government, private, and civil society and Quezon. Through the representatives organizations that are not members of of the League of Cities and Municipalities the RDC committees were invited to as well as the local planning and provide inputs which provided new and development coordinators, grassroots broader perspectives that are necessary level concerns were incorporated in in the refinement of the sectoral the plan. development frameworks. The horizontal perspective was provided The updating of the CALABARZON by an assessment of the socio-economic RDP 2017-2022 was defined by a performance of the Region using historical three-fold process that utilized review, trend and shift-share analysis, and top-down, bottom-up, and horizontal the use of planning standards that were perspectives. The top-down perspective validated and refined through continuous in RDP formulation was provided by document review and stakeholder the AmBisyon Natin 2040, the consultations. With this approach, it was National Spatial Strategy (NSS), the ensured that the updated RDP contributes Philippine Development Plan (PDP), to the realization of the national vision and President Rodrigo Duterte’s 0 to 10 but at the same time addresses concerns Socio-economic Agenda. peculiar to the Region.

The bottom-up perspective, on the other The RPFP, together with the AmBisyon hand, was derived from the Provincial Natin 2040, provides the long-term Development and Physical Framework perspective of the plan. Figure 1.2 Plans (PDPFP) and Executive-Legislative illustrates the three-fold processes utilized Agenda (ELA) of its five provinces, in crafting the plan. namely: Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal

Figure 1.2 Regional Development Plan, 2017-2022

Chapter 1 The Long View | 7 The updated RDP has adopted the same Part V deals with Enabling and Supportive format of the updated PDP, i.e. seven parts Economic Environment, which discusses and 22 chapters, including a new chapter the Region’s contributions towards on international migration, to facilitate achieving a sound macroeconomic stability review of plan consistency. Part I consists and promoting competition. of the introduction which discusses the long-term vision, the socio-economic Part VI presents the Foundations for and demographic trends, prospects Sustainable Development, which tackles and challenges, spatial strategy, and the the Region’s strategies for just and lasting development framework. Parts II to VI peace; ensuring security, public order cover the existing situation, challenges, and safety; accelerating infrastructure opportunities, strategic development development; and ensuring ecological framework, and the results matrices related integrity, migration and development, and to various sectors. clean and healthy environment.

Part II includes the strategies on Enhancing A new chapter on migration and the Social Fabric (“Malasakit”), such development was added to the Plan in as: ensuring people-centered, clean and recognition of the economic impacts of efficient governance; pursuing swift Overseas Filipinos remittances and the and fair administration of justice; and social costs to their families left behind. promoting Philippine culture and values. Capitalizing on remittances and addressing the social issues on migration are discussed Part III includes the Inequality-Reducing in the chapter. Transformation (“Pagbabago”) strategies, such as: expanding economic opportunities Part VII discusses plan implementation, in agriculture, forestry fisheries, industry coordination, monitoring and evaluation. and services; accelerating human capital development; reducing vulnerability of individuals and families; and building safe and secure communities.

Part IV tackles Increasing Growth Potential (“Patuloy na Pag-unlad”), which includes reaching the demographic dividend, and vigorously advancing science, technology and innovation.

8 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 2 Global and Regional Trends and Prospects | 9 10 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 2 Global and Regional Trends and Prospects

CALABARZON continues to be at the basic services given the higher budget forefront as an investment destination (See Chapter 5). because of its huge population size, While insurgency and challenges on presence of manufacturing companies, peace and security continue to persist abundance of agricultural produce and in the Region, military operations have raw materials, proximity to NCR, and been intensified and the development of strategic location. a comprehensive peace and development In 2019, four out of the five provinces in program is being pursued. The Region the Region were recognized as the top formulated the Regional Task Force to End most competitive provinces in the country Local Communist Armed Conflict which through the Cities and Municipalities spearheaded the formulation of an action Competitiveness Index (CMCI). This, plan to end insurgency and encourage coupled with the prioritization of national more surrenderees. The action plan road projects, the rehabilitation of PNR includes addressing poverty, land disputes, and the development of ports in Batangas, lack of services and infrastructures, and and the opening of future special economic re-integration of the surrenderees into zones in Mauban, Infanta, Real, Atimonan, the community (See Chapter 17). Tiaong, and Pagbilao, Quezon would The proposed shift to federal government further boost economic growth. system will likely open more opportunities To maximize this potential, it is important to for economic growth in the Region. consider upcoming trends and prospects in However, the shift will entail financial costs key various areas such as economics, politics, from the government to fully capacitate social, technology and environment. and ensure readiness of the Regional and local units to take on national bureaucratic Political functions. Thus, a systemic approach in shifting to federalism is important to ensure The targets during the first three years of the the smooth transition of government plan implementation were generally met due functions and to avoid disruption of to the alignment of local development plans economic growth. and investment programs with the RDP. However, the delayed passage of the 2019 Economic budget affected economic performance as all new projects were put on hold. On the other In the past three years, economic activities hand, the increase in the local government in the Region continued to expand due units’ internal revenue allotment in 2022 to the growth of its industry and services will provide higher budget for the devolved sector, particularly the proliferation of basic services such as health, agriculture, micro, small, and medium enterprises education, and disaster management. Thus, (MSMEs), positive performances from the there is a need to ensure the readiness and manufacturing and real estate and renting the capacity of the LGUs to deliver quality subsectors, and expansion of construction

Chapter 2 Global and Regional Trends and Prospects | 11 activities (See Chapter 15). Further, the in CALABARZON. presence of economic zones significantly contributed to the economic growth in Social and Demographic the Region as it continued to bring local and foreign investments as well as generate The provision of quality services on health employment (See Chapter 9). and nutrition, education, and employment has been consistent in the Region for the To sustain this, the Region will need to past three years. The implementation generate more investments by promoting of national policies and programs such business expansions, producing higher as Universal Access to Quality Tertiary quality products and providing services Education, Universal Health Care Act, that can compete in the domestic and Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive international markets. The CALABARZON Health, First 1000 Days, and Zero Unmet RDC, through its Investment Promotion Needs for Family Planning paved the way Group, spearheads the conduct of to the continuous improvement of the social investment promotion activities to sector in CALABARZON. attract investments in the priority areas Despite the significantly lower prevalence in the Region. The implementation of of stunting, wasting, and underweight TRAIN 2 would also lower corporate among children under 5 years of age, the income tax and rationalize tax incentives Region will still push for decreasing the which will make way for new investments. prevalence of stunting and malnutrition. The Region is also abundant with famous The implementation of the First 1000 Days heritage sites, and beautiful land and will ensure provision of adequate nutrition seascapes which can be developed for eco- to pregnant women and their children. In tourism. The five provinces provide diverse addition, the full implementation of the and unique tourism experience with their Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive beautiful sceneries, arts and crafts, and rich Health (RPRH) Act will address issues on culture. Agri-eco tourism farms are also fast adolescent pregnancy, unmet needs for becoming tourist attractions for those into family planning, and maternal care. On the healthy lifestyles. other hand, increasing cases of overweight and obesity, particularly among the working To support this, there is a need to provide age population, was observed in the Region better interRegional connectivity and and thus, the promotion of healthy lifestyle infrastructures. While the Region already and campaigns on proper diet and exercise has wider and better roads and ports, will be intensified. The CALABARZON there is still need to modernize existing RDC encourages its member agencies, infrastructures to accommodate the influx state university and colleges, and LGUs to of tourists, and provide comfortable and include specific programs on nutrition in better transport services. The Batangas Port their respective GAD Plan and Budget. which currently serves as an alternative to Manila Port can still be developed to provide Increasing cases of HIV/AIDS, particularly transshipment services for international among men, were also observed in the cargoes while the port in Mauban, Quezon Region. The enactment of RA 11166 or can provide support to the cargo load of the Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Batangas. The Build, Build, Build Program Act of 2018 and the creation of its IRR of the current administration will not only will ensure access to HIV/AIDS-related boost the Region’s construction sub-sector services and the elimination of social but will also provide for better connectivity stigma and discrimination surrounding as some of its big ticket projects are situated the disease. Likewise, the act seeks to

12 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 eradicate conditions that can aggravate the Technology spread of infections such as poverty and marginalization, and gender inequality. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIRe) Given the anticipated higher budget of is a technology driven change. Technology the LGUs, more programs and projects will affect all sectors of society, government addressing poverty and gender inequality and the economy. Manufacturing and are expected to also support the campaign agriculture can be run by robots, artificial on reducing prevalence of HIV/AIDS. intelligence can take over some jobs in the services sector while advanced technologies Through the Universal Access to Quality can replace a multitude of business Tertiary Education Act, more youth were processes. As such, FIRe will likely result given access to higher education. However, to new jobs, configuring of old jobs which issues on soft skills, learning facilities, requires new set of competencies, and teacher competencies, and academe- elimination of old jobs due to adoption of industry linkages continue to persist. To cheaper, more precise, and reliable labor- address these challenges, implementation of saving technology. To benefit from FIRe, government programs will be strengthened, the Region needs to ensure that graduates and creation of more partnerships with the have solid foundational competencies to private sector and other non-government make them highly trainable and adaptable organizations will be pursued. With the to address the changing skills required Philippine Qualifications Framework, the for employment. standards for educational qualifications are expected to be more competitive. Environment In response to the persisting jobs-skills mismatch, CALABARZON RDC created Until the end of the Plan period, focus is the Special Committee on Strengthening on maintaining the integrity of biodiversity, Academe-Industry Linkages to facilitate improving the air and water quality, creation and strengthening of academe and and increasing resilience of ecosystems industry partnerships in the Region. (See Chapter 20).

CALABARZON continues to be a top The adoption and implementation of the destination of domestic migrants and Philippine Water Supply and Sanitation top sending Region of Overseas Filipinos Master Plan will ensure the provision of (OFs). To be able to absorb the supply quality water supply in the Region. The of labor force and maintain the level of Plan will also address the potential issues unemployment within target, there is a on solid waste management as areas for need to create more jobs and increase sanitary landfills and technologies on competitiveness of graduates. Being the top sanitation will be included. sending Region of OFs, CALABARZON should focus on ensuring that the rights In 2019, the rehabilitation of Manila Bay and well-being of OFs and their families which involved areas in Cavite greatly are protected. There is a need to intensify contributed to the improvement in solid social protection programs and government waste management in the area. To sustain support catering to the specific needs this effort, the Region will intensify and protection of rights of OFs and the ridge-to-reef approach, strengthen their families. Programs and projects on the enforcement of environmental migration and development will also be laws and ensure conformity to the localized by mainstreaming it into the local environmental standards. development plans.

Chapter 2 Global and Regional Trends and Prospects | 13 There is a need to roll out disaster preparedness activities through finalization of contingency plans, particularly to natural hazards such as earthquake, typhoons, land-slides and flooding. The Region will also need solid disaster mitigation plan, including assessment and audit of critical government buildings and facilities, and business continuity plans for both government and private sector. At the local level, there is a need to fast track completion of all comprehensive land use plans and ensure that strategies on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaption are included.

The preparation of the CALABARZON Flood Control Master Plan was endorsed by the RDC to the Department of Public Works and Highways to address issues on flooding in the Region. The plan will be localized through a series of river basin/ watershed workshops in coordination with the League of Local Planners.

14 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 15 16 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics Political Subdivisions 4,011 barangays. The increasing number of cities reflects the rapid urbanization CALABARZON is composed of 5 taking place in many parts of the Region. provinces, namely: Batangas, Cavite, The politico-administrative subdivision of Laguna, Quezon and Rizal; 28 congressional CALABARZON per province is presented districts; 20 cities; 122 municipalities; and in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 CALABARZON Political Subdivision, 2015 and 2019 CONGRESSIONAL CITIES MUNICIPALITIES BARANGAYS PROVINCE DISTRICTS 2015 2019 2015 2019 2015 2019 2015 2019 Batangas 6 6 3 4 31 30 1,078 1,078 Cavite 7 8 7 7 16 16 829 829 Laguna 4 6 6 6 24 24 674 674 Quezon 4 4 2 2 39 39 1,242 1,242 Rizal 4 4 1 1 13 13 188 188 Total 25 28 19 20 123 122 4,011 4,011 Source: DILG IV-A, House of Representatives Population and population compared to rural population. From 2000 to 2015, the Region posted urbanization trends, increasing urban population with the transportation and Province of Rizal having the highest number of urban population among the settlements provinces (Table 3.2).

The population of CALABARZON in 2015 Population growth in the Region is reached 14.4 million, which is higher than attributed mainly to in-migration, the NCR population by 1.53 million. With an population momentum, relatively higher annual growth rate of 2.58 percent between birth rate, and increasing life expectancies. 2010 and 2015, the Region’s population is The direction of rapid population expected to double in 2042, a rate that is movement was most evident towards the much faster than that of the Philippines and highly urbanizing and industrializing areas NCR. The Region’s population density of of the region, particularly Cavite, Laguna 888 persons per square kilometer is much and Rizal. CALABARZON serves as a lower than NCR’s 20,247 persons per square catch basin for Metro Manila’s population kilometer, indicating its room for expansion. and industry. This is reflected in the Urban-rural growth development shows population density of Cavite at 2,857 per that the Region has increasing urban square kilometer, Rizal at 2,204 per square kilometer, and Laguna at 1,725 per square

Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 17 Table 3.2. Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Population, CALABARZON, 2000 to 2015 2000 2010 2015 PROVINCE URBAN RURAL URBAN RURAL URBAN RURAL Cavite 86.81 13.19 63.1 36.9 72.0 28 Laguna 83.49 16.51 71.9 28.1 75.7 24.3 Batangas 44.35 55.65 32.7 67.3 41.8 58.2 Rizal 95.79 4.21 92.7 7.3 96.3 3.7 Quezon 21.96 78.04 20.2 79.8 29.4 70.6 Lucena City - - 90.8 9.2 92.5 7.5

CALABARZON 67.39 32.61 59.7 40.3 66.4 33.6 Sources: 2010 Census of Population, 2000 Census of Population, 1990 Urban Rural Population kilometer. A geospatial analysis shows increased from 18,547 linear meters in that the population of CALABARZON 2016 to 18,575.17 linear meters in 2018, is centered somewhere in Laguna and is while the number of permanent bridges moving towards Manila. in CALABARZON decreased to 651 in 2018 from 654 in 2017 due to the Urbanization in CALABARZON became undergoing rehabilitation. more evident with improvements in its infrastructure, roads, transportation and Aside from the existing expressways in the telecommunication facilities, making the Region, there are two ongoing expressway region the industrialization showcase of projects in the Region, namely the SLEX the Philippines. As a result, industrial Toll Road 4 (TR4) and the Cavite-Laguna and technoparks, commercial complexes Expressway (CALAEX). The SLEX TR4 is and residential developments began to a four-lane 66.74 kilometers toll road from emerge with increased intensity in the Sto. Tomas City, Batangas to Mayao, Lucena Region. To date, the provinces of Rizal, City while CALAEX is a 4-lane 45.29 Cavite and Laguna have higher percentage kilometers closed-system toll expressway of population in urban areas compared to connecting CAVITEX and SLEX. Both the regional average. Thus, CALABARZON projects are expected to be completed remains to be an attractive prospect for by 2022. development projects such as residential subdivisions, sports and leisure centers, and In terms of railways, DOTr is currently industrial complexes. implementing the North–South Commuter Railway Project which is a 147 kilometer Transportation and elevated railway that will run from New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac to Calamba, Settlements Laguna, with a total of 36 stations. As of November 2019, the PNR segment The growth and distribution offrom Calamba to Los Baños is settlements in CALABARZON were already operational. influenced primarily by the evolution of the Region’s transportation system. In Despite improvements in land terms of land transport, the national road transportation, the Region is still faced by in CALABARZON increased by 25.2 traffic congestions along major roads, road kilometers from 2016 to 2018 with a total obstructions, deteriorating road conditions, national road length of 2,542.32 kilometers. road flooding, insufficient lightings and Further, the length of permanent bridges signages, and limited access to tourist

18 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 3.1 CALABARZON Network of Settlements, 2015

destinations, agricultural production sizes that perform complex and major roles. areas, and geographically-isolated and disadvantaged areas. Using the typologies of settlements set by the National Spatial Strategy (NSS), the On water transport, the existing ports current settlements patterns of the Region in Batangas and Quezon Provinces are are as follows: important transport facilities that connect CALABARZON to island Regions of International (or potential international) MIMAROPA and Western Visayas. centers which possess a strong potential These port facilities are vital mode of to have direct international linkages and transport for tourism, manufacturing and comprise of around 1.2 million and larger agriculture-based industries. population. The contiguous areas of San Pedro-Calamba, Bacoor-Dasmarinas, Network settlements Cainta-Antipolo can be identified as International Centers. Figure 3.1 shows a map of qualitative Regional centers have population ranging indication of the kind of centers and, from 120,000-1.2 million and have therefore, the role of a settlement based markets that serve well beyond their local on population size. In general, larger boundaries. The five regional centers in populations yield wider scale of activities, CALABARZON, namely: Antipolo City, and more varied and complex activities Batangas City, Calamba City, Dasmariñas because of greater opportunities for division City and Lucena City serve as regional of labor and specialization. markets and service centers to several The map shows that there are only a few provinces. The five settlements were settlements in the Region classified in the selected to be part of the network of upper tier or Regions with big population regional centers in the country primarily

Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 19 because of their existing or potential Metro Dasmariñas, Metro Antipolo, market-service center size and/or strategic Metro Calamba and Metro Batangas form location. The regional centers are intended part of the regional corridor consisting of to improve internal economic integration Mega Manila that serves as the economic as well as establish multiple linkages heartland of the country, accounting for that provide redundancy and reduce more than 50 percent of the country’s GDP. vulnerability. On the other hand, Metro Batangas, Metro

Table Table 3.3 5-Level Network of Settlements, 2015 CATEGORIES POPULATION CENTERS Metropolitan ≥1.2 million population National Capital Region Cities Centers Regional Centers ≥120,000-1.2 million population Antipolo City Calamba City Dasmariñas City Batangas City Lucena City Sub-Regional Minimum 120,000 Population Cavite (8) Laguna (5) Batangas (4) Rizal (5) Centers City of Bacoor Cabuyao City City of Tanauan Binangonan City of General Trias City of Biñan Lipa City Cainta City of Imus City of San Pedro Nasugbu Rodriguez General Mariano City of Santa Rosa Santo Tomas San Mateo Alvarez San Pablo City Taytay Tanza Quezon (1) Trece Martires City Sariaya Silang Provincial 50,000-120,000 population Cavite (8) Laguna (6) Quezon (15) Batangas (13) Centers Alfonso Bay Atimonan Balayan Cavite City Calauan Calauag Bauan Carmona Los Baños Candelaria Calaca Indang Nagcarlan Catanauan Calatagan Kawit Pila City of Tayabas Ibaan Naic Santa Cruz Gumaca Lemery Rosario (Capital) Infanta Lian Tagaytay City Lopez Malvar Rizal (6) Lucban Rosario Angono Mauban San Jose Baras Mulanay San Juan Morong Pagbilao San Pascual Teresa San Francisco Taal Pililla Tagkawayan Tanay Tiaong

Local Centers 50,000 and below Cavite (7) Laguna (18) Batangas (16) Quezon (24) Amadeo Alaminos Agoncillo Agdangan General Emilio Cavinti Alitagtag Alabat Aguinaldo Famy Balete Buenavista Magallanes Kalayaan Cuenca Burdeos Maragondon Liliw Laurel Dolores Mendez-Nuñez Luisiana Lobo General Luna Noveleta Lumban Mabini General Nakar Ternate Mabitac Mataasnakahoy Guinayangan Magdalena Padre Garcia Jomalig Rizal (2) Majayjay San Luis Macalelon Cardona Paete San Nicolas Padre Burgos Jala-Jala Pagsanjan Santa Teresita Panukulan Pakil Taysan Patnanungan Pangil Talisay Perez Rizal Tingloy Pitogo Santa Maria Tuy Plaridel Siniloan Polillo Victoria Quezon Real Sampaloc San Antonio San Andres San Narciso Unisan

20 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Lucena and Metro Calapan (MIMAROPA) include contiguity, complementation of form one cluster to have a large collective roles, growth potentials, and similarities impact on South Luzon and provide a of issues and concerns. The CCW seeks stronger link to the Bondoc Peninsula and to direct and stimulate development the lagging provinces (especially the tourism and growth from west to east, as well as destinations) of Bicol and MIMAROPA. strengthen north-south development and access corridors. This approach links Subregional Centers are relatively urban and rural populations better through large settlements that form the market greater interplay of economic activities that, catchments of Regional centers. They also in effect, can generate additional income connect to and serve as service centers of and employment opportunities. smaller provincial and local centers. The areas have a minimum population size Through the CCW approach, centers of 120,000. As subRegional centers grow, or clusters which are presently heavily they tend to merge with adjacent Regional populated shall be further developed centers to form even larger metropolitan to enhance their roles as administrative areas. A total of 22 settlements in the centers and hubs of economic activities for Region are included in this category. industries, commerce, finance and services. The corridor areas1, on the other hand, Provincial centers have population from shall be developed along the existing major 50,000-120,000 and have extended city- transport routes in the Region while the municipal service coverage but do not go wedges shall be grouped to form smaller, beyond their host province. These centers functional clusters to facilitate planning can support some national chains such and implementation of programs and as McDonalds, DHL distribution centers, projects, with a focus on agri-modernization as well as small Regional or provincial and settlements development2. airports, hospitals and non-deluxe hotels. There are 48 settlements in this category. Regional agglomeration, connectivity and vulnerability Local centers have population below reduction 50,000 and the most obvious indicator is the presence of some form of food retail— The CCW is enhanced to be consistent with from the local carinderia to a fastfood the NSS and the Luzon Spatial Development restaurant—and a local health clinic or Framework (LSDF). similar facility. Less than half (47 percent) of the Region’s settlements are in this fifth As espoused by the NSS and the LSDF, tier, comprised of local or rural centers. the following are considered in updating 1 The strategy of urban corridors, and agriculture Overall Spatial Strategy and tourism destinations aim for a more balanced interrelationship between the urban and rural, the countryside and hinterlands, tourism, agriculture, and Centers, corridors and wedges the development of the environment. (CCW) approach 2 The criteria for identifying and determining the sub-clusters include contiguity, complementation of A sound spatial strategy is imperative to roles, growth potentials and similarities of issues and concerns. Agri-modernization will be pursued in these achieve the Region’s vision, goals, and clusters as this is the food base of the Region. The wedge development outcomes. In 2011, the CCW clusters are also less dense and may accommodate approach was adopted as the Region’s housing projects especially the areas that are not fit for spatial strategy (RSS) where various agriculture production and are nearer the metropolis. Some areas of the REINA, particularly the municipality settlements in the Region were grouped of General Nakar, are potential housing sites especially according to the said categories. The criteria with the forthcoming completion of the Marikina- for identifying and determining the clusters Infanta Road Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 21 the RSS: (1) understand the population This cluster includes major cities and fast size, activities and spatial distribution of urbanizing municipalities in Northern and population; (2) identify and understand Central Cavite and Western Laguna which trends in terms of the size, activities will serve as the center for industrial and and spatial distribution of population commercial development in the region including growth scenarios and related and will provide the highest level of urban issues; and (3) identify and discuss specific services and amenities to its residents. spatial strategies. Strategic Development Cluster 2: Metro As a whole, the RSS adopted the three Batangas Cluster inter-related strategies namely: Regional Agglomeration which aims to decongest This Metro Batangas cluster covers Batangas Metro Manila by promoting scale and City, Lipa City, Tanauan City as well as agglomeration economies in regional and urbanized municipalities and emerging sub-regional centers and to manage the growth centers of Santo Tomas, Malvar, growth of large and more environmentally San Jose, Ibaan, San Pascual, Bauan, and constrained metropolitan centers; Mabini. The existing heavy and large Connectivity which aims to improve industries such as petrochemicals, ship the linkages among settlements and key building and ship repair, and processing production areas by connecting rural located in Batangas City which will be areas to growth centers or strengthening modernized and expanded to nearby coastal urban-rural linkages; and integration of municipalities of San Pascual, Bauan, and Vulnerability Reduction with regional Mabini to take advantage of the Batangas agglomeration and connectivity objectives Port while ensuring strict protection of to develop disaster and climate resilient marine and coastal resources such as the infrastructure and facilities to reduce Verde Island Passage. vulnerabilities to the impacts of disaster and climate change. Strategic Development Cluster 3: Western Cavite and Batangas Agriculture and Strategic development Tourism Cluster clusters This cluster is composed of the upland Consistent with the Regional Physical and coastal municipalities of Cavite Framework Plan 2017-2046, settlements are and Batangas whose main economic grouped into strategic development clusters activities are agriculture and services. The and special development areas. The criteria agricultural production in this area will for identifying and determining the clusters supply the agricultural needs of the urban are: contiguity, commonalities in terms of areas of Cavite and Batangas. Considering physical configuration, functional roles, and the ridge to reef approach and DRRM and socio-economic potentials and constraints. CCA concerns, developments in the area The development clusters are identified to will be subjected to strict environmental guide the desired direction for growth given safeguards and monitoring as the upland, their functional roles to the region’s and protected, and coastal areas can affect the country’s economy. quality of groundwater and the lake water on downstream areas in Cavite, along Metro Strategic Development Cluster 1: Manila, and other towns surrounding Cavite and Laguna Industrial and Taal Lake. Commercial Cluster

22 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Strategic Development Cluster 4: Batangas functions to foster the development of Agri-based and Tourism Cluster Bondoc Peninsula in Quezon Province, the two provinces of Marinduque and This cluster is composed of predominantly Romblon in MIMAROPA region, and even rural municipalities in the eastern side some municipalities in Northern Bicol. of Batangas. Economic activities in these areas are mostly on livestock, fishing, and Protected areas such as Mount Banahaw agriculture. For higher level of services and and Mount San Cristobal and the Iyam- economic opportunities, this cluster will Dumacaa Rivers will be conserved such that relate to the Metro Batangas area. any allowable economic activities will not negatively affect environmental quality. Strategic Development Cluster 5: Laguna Lakeshore and Banahaw Cluster Strategic Development Cluster 7: Infanta- Mauban-Famy Growth Triangle This area is composed of municipalities in the western side of Laguna along the The Infanta-Mauban-Famy growth triangle coast of Laguna de Bay and other upland is an emerging growth center presenting municipalities of Rizal, Nagcarlan, Liliw, viable economic opportunities in the and Majayjay in Laguna and Lucban in eastern portion of CALABARZON. Quezon whose main economic activities Siniloan in Laguna and Infanta in Quezon are agriculture and fishery. The area will be will continue to perform their role as developed as a food basket, eco- and agri- centers of economic activity. tourism destination in CALABARZON. Only light to medium industries with Development of the lakeshore areas will be appropriate environmental safeguards managed in such a way that it will prevent are encouraged in the cluster as tourism further pollution of Laguna de Bay. There activities featuring the natural environment will be strict enforcement of pollution – beaches, forest, and waterfalls, will be control standards on effluents discharges to further developed in the areas of Real, the lake and its tributaries. Proper zoning Infanta and Mauban. and adequate buffer zones will be observed and prime agricultural lands adjacent to the Strategic Development Cluster 8: Central shore shall be maintained. Quezon Processing Center

Strategic Development Cluster 6: Laguna- This cluster is composed of the Quezon Agri-Industrial Cluster municipalities of Atimonan, Plaridel, Gumaca, Padre Burgos, Agdangan, Unisan, This growth cluster, which starts from Pitogo and the island municipalities of San Pablo City in Laguna and ends at Perez, Alabat, and Quezon. Following the Pagbilao in Quezon, will sustain its two CCW approach, this cluster as a wedge main economic centers of San Pablo City area will be developed for agri-tourism and and Lucena City. San Pablo City will sustain ecotourism and prime agricultural area will its inland trading, coconut-based processing be maintained as part of the food base of center and institutional functions for the region. Protected and forest areas such the continuous viability of the largely as the Quezon National Park will also be homogenous inland coconut and upland conserved and sustainably developed for farming communities surrounding it, forest products to be planted, harvested, while Lucena City shall enhance its trading, processed, i.e. Quezon Province’s Herb commercial, educational, institutional Pavilion in Atimonan.

Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 23 Strategic Development Cluster 9: by both national and local government Southern Quezon Institutional Cluster in protected areas as well as in Ancestral Domain areas. On disaster risk reduction, This cluster is composed of the remaining mitigating and adaptive measures will be municipalities in the Bondoc Peninsula. implemented in Tanay, Rodriguez and San The cluster’s role on food production will Mateo which are highly susceptible to rain be supported through the construction of induced landslide and in Taytay, Angono strategic farm to market roads, provision of and Binangonan which have low-lying areas modern farming equipment, introduction which are susceptible to flooding. of best farm practices and inputs. Government services will be made Strategic Development Cluster 12: Rizal- accessible to these remote areas by setting Quezon Protection Cluster up satellite or field offices to improve human capital development. Owing to the ecological sensitivity of the cluster and the need to preserve Strategic Development Cluster 10: Polillo biodiversity, its development shall be Island Cluster carefully planned. Protected areas and those with high ecological value in General This cluster is composed of theNakar, Tanay and Rodriguez will be municipalities of Panukulan, Burdeos, conserved. Policies, programs and projects Polillo, Patnanungan and Jomalig. Critical shall be implemented for the protection to the development of this cluster is and promotion of the Indigenous Peoples, the construction and improvement of as well as for the sustainable and equitable infrastructure, in particular roads and development of their ancestral domains. ports and ensuring adequate power and water supply and reliable communication Laguna Lake Cluster facilities. Services on health and education will also be improved and made accessible The Laguna Lake and its surrounding for the local communities and as support lands covering several municipalities to economic activities such as tourism. and cities are of vital importance to the The improvement of ports in Real and development of the region because of Infanta and other water transport facilities the many communities which rely on it connecting to POGI will also be crucial to for livelihood. Laguna Lake divides 61 the development of the islands as this will LGUs composed of 43 municipalities and improve trade and tourism. 18 cities with an estimated population of six million. This area suffers deteriorating Strategic Development Cluster 11: Metro water quality, pollution, illegal structures Rizal Industrial and Commercial Cluster along the lakeshore, flooding and overfishing, among others. The Metro Rizal Industrial and Commercial Cluster is composed of six Waterfront urban development is highly urbanized municipalities of Cainta, proposed for the areas surrounding Taytay, Angono, Binangonan, San Mateo, Laguna Lake with a mixed-use approach that and Rodriguez, and Antipolo City which includes housing, commerce, trade, tourism all belong to Rizal Province. Given their and other urban land uses. To realize this, proximity to Metro Manila and, measures illegal structures along the lakeshore and will be undertaken to stop encroachment in the lake, itself shall be removed, prime of protected areas. Adequate protection and agriculture lands adjacent to the lakeshore conservation measures will be put in place shall be maintained, and reforestation

24 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 of the watershed should be intensified, Enhance connectivity and among others. strengthening East-West connections Ecotourism with the appropriate environmental protection measures will also be pursued. Because of the declining The strengthening of east-west water quality and due to ecological connections entails capitalizing on the reasons, the use of urban lands along existing infrastructure that connects the lakeshore shall be rationalized and and interconnects the different areas industrial development or expansion will of the region. Figure 3.2 presented the be discouraged. The lake can also serve proposed Transportation Solution Map as a hydro-technology production zone of CALABARZON which shows the where certain areas will be reserved for existing infrastructures for land, sea and innovative lake water treatment that will air transportation. Also, in the map is the produce potable water to surrounding proposed transportation infrastructures LGUs. On connectivity, Laguna Lake will that will further improve connectivity be developed as Metropolitan Manila’s within and outside the region. The Gateway to CALABARZON. proposed national road projects will help in providing land transportation along the Taal Lake Cluster pacific coast of CALABARZON as there is a lack of a road network in this area. Other Taal Lake consists of lakeshore than providing a transportation network communities in 14 LGUs in Batangas these roads will help in spurring which are Talisay, Tanauan City, Balete, development in the municipalities along Malvar, Lipa City, Mataasnakahoy, the Pacific Coast. Mass transportation Cuenca, Alitagtag, Santa Teresita, Taal, San such as railways was proposed to provide Nicolas, Agoncillo, Lemery and Laurel. other modes of transportation to the public This delineation is based on hydrological and will help in decongesting roads. The consideration, significant local economic proposed railway project will also help activities anchored on the lake and with in improving commuter experience by emphasis on the management of Taal Lake. providing other options in mass transport. The proposed railways will also help The Taal Volcano Protected Landscape in transporting goods in and outside will continue to serve as the agriculture, the region; it is also integrated with the fishery and ecotourism and leisure zone to seaports in CALABARZON. Further stimulate the development of a proposed toll roads and expressways sustainable lakeside communities. Being will be interconnected with existing toll highly susceptible to volcanic hazards, roads and expressways for a seamless road communities surrounding Taal Lake network that will help alleviate decongested must put in place appropriate mitigation national roads. Proposed seaports and and preparedness measures such airports will be placed strategically to as establishment of comprehensive interconnect with road networks and preparedness, warning and evacuation will be able to service the majority of the plan, improvement of early warning alert population. Overall, the transportation system, retrofitting of existing buildings solution map envisions a strengthened and construct new building that are disaster east-west connection within the region and resilient, and enforcement of legal easement a strengthened interconnectivity in and along lakes and riverbanks. outside of CALABARZON.

Chapter 3 Overlay of Economic Growth, Demogrpahic Trends, and Physical Characteristics | 25 East-West connections developed include there are crucial principles that should existing expressways in the Region such govern the implementation of this strategy as South Luzon Expressway, Manila- especially in urban areas. In order to ensure Cavite Expressway and Muntinlupa- the realization of the vision of the Region, Cavite Expressway. Ongoing expressway the following principles and strategies3 must projects that will further enhance East- be adhered to: West connection are the SLEX Toll Road 4 and Cavite-Laguna Expressway. Railway • promotion of mixed-use and multi- development is also ongoing with the PNR use communities South Long Haul Project and North–South • appropriate land use management Commuter Railway Project. Waterfront • adoption and implementation of good development including water transport urban design principles facilities within the Laguna de Bay will • development of Laguna de Bay as also contribute to improved East-West Metropolitan Manila’s Water Gateway connectivity (see Chapter 19). to CALABARZON • ten principles for livable towns and cities The preceding discussion presents the overall or Regional spatial development 3 These spatial development principles and strategies strategy for CALABARZON. However, were developed in partnership with the architecture and urban/environmental planning firm Palafox Associates

Figure 3.2 Proposed CALABARZON Transport Solution

26 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 4 The Updated Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Framework | 27 28 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 4 The Updated Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Framework

The updated CALABARZON RDP adopts the same development framework of the Philippine Development Plan. The goal of the RDP is to attain the Ambisyon Natin 2040 towards a matatag, maginhawa, and panatag na buhay para sa lahat and for the CALABARZON Region to be a Region of vibrant economic diversity and vitality with progressive, well-planned town clusters inhabited by God-loving people enjoying globally-competitive, balanced and resilient ecosystems. This goal will be achieved by 2022 if we lay down a solid foundation for a more inclusive growth, high-trust and resilient society, and globally-competitive knowledge economy.

Attainment of this goal is supported by three pillars: Malasakit, Pagbabago, and Patuloy na Pag-unlad, which are further supported by ensuring peace and security, accelerating strategic infrastructure development, ensuring safety and building resiliency, and ensuring ecological integrity, clean and healthy environment.

Figure 4.1 The Development Framework

Chapter 4 The Updated Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Framework | 29 Enhancing the social fabric and reducing vulnerability. Human capital development will be hastened through (Malasakit) improved nutrition, health and lifelong learning opportunities, and increased The aim of “Malasakit” is to regain income-earning ability. Vulnerability will people’s trust in public institutions and be reduced and socio economic resiliency cultivate trust in fellow Filipinos. Effective will be enhanced through safe and secure governance and efficient justice system are communities, affordable and secure shelter essential elements in enhancing the social in well-planned communities, and universal fabric. Clean and effective governance will and transformative social protection, be ensured through reduced corruption, among others. seamless service deliver and strengthened civil service, among others. Swift and fair administration of justice will be ensured Increasing potential through enhanced criminal and civil growth (Patuloy na justice and improved sector efficiency and accountability. Culture is considered Pag-unlad) as one of the pillars to achieve inclusive growth since it caters to a wide range and The aim of “Patuloy na Pag-unlad” is to cross-cutting sectors. Philippine culture sustain and/or further accelerate economic and values will be promoted through high growth. This can be done by graduating to regard on diverse culture and strengthened a knowledge economy. Potential growth culture-sensitive governance, among others. can be further accelerated by maximizing the gains from demographic dividend Reducing inequality and accelerating demographic transition through reduced fertility rate, and improved (Pagbabago) quality of human capital and savings build- up, among others. Technology adoption The aim of “Pagbabago” is to expand will be promoted and innovation will be and increase economic opportunities encouraged. These will be realized through particularly the sub-sectors and economic science, technology, and innovation in groups that used to lag behind. Economic agriculture, industry, and services sectors opportunities in agriculture, fisheries and and strengthened linkage between research forestry (AFF) sectors that will be expanded institutions and technology adaptors. and access to economic opportunities of small farmers and fisherfolks will be improved through increased access to Enabling and supportive value-chain, innovative financing, and land economic environment and water resources. Further, economic opportunities in the industry and services Growth will be supported by maintaining sectors will be expanded through increased macroeconomic stability, established local and foreign investments and improved strategic trade and fiscal policy, and market access, among others. Meanwhile, enhanced access to financial services. The economic opportunities for micro small tax system will be made more efficient, and medium enterprises, cooperatives and equitable and globally competitive. At the overseas Filipinos will be increased through same time, a national competition policy improved access to production networks will be implemented to ensure a level playing and financing institutions, among others. field and competitive local government units in the delivery of its services. For individuals and people groups, this is focused on improving human capital

30 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Foundations for sustainable development In accordance with the overall spatial strategy, the updated RDP will continue to ensure that the physical environment is characterized by a balanced and strategic development of infrastructure while ensuring that there is ecological integrity and a clean and healthy environment. Greater emphasis will be given on the sustainability, safety and resiliency of infrastructure as well as the preservation and conservation of cultural heritage sites in the Region. All these will be underpinned by ensuring security and public order and safety. There will be earnest efforts to secure lasting peace through the resumption of peace talks and pursuing economic justice.

Chapter 4 The Updated Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Framework | 31 32 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 1 The Long View | 33 34 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance | 35 36 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean and Efficient Governance

Ensuring citizens’ trust in government through good governance is essential in enhancing the country’s social fabric or “Malasakit”. Good governance is one of the foundations of development and helps ensure that growth is inclusive and sustainable across political administrations.

In the first years of plan implementation, different levels of government exhibited “Malasakit” towards its constituents through improved transparency and citizen engagement, and more efficient service delivery and administrative governance.

The following priority strategies will be implemented to ensure a people- centered, clean, and efficient governance in the Region by 2022: institutionalize and harmonize response and feedback mechanism; implement Ease of Doing Business Act; adopt a Whole of Government Approach in delivery of key services; increase capacities of local governments on the Seal of Good Local Governance, improve ranking in the Cities and Municipalities Competitive Index; and develop competent public servants

Assessment and Challenges

Increasing transparency and the Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG), wherein Full Disclosure is one of and citizens’ participation the requirements.

The implementation of RA 9485 or the Anti- As required by law, LGUs in the Region Red Tape Act of 2007 and Section 93 of the continued to maintain the representation of General Appropriations Act of FY 2012 on CSOs in their Local Development Councils. the Transparency Seal resulted to compliance To strengthen the participation of CSOs of government institutions to make reports in local councils, the DILG continued to publicly available. From 2017 to 2019, all provide them trainings. LGUs in the Region were compliant with the Full Disclosure Policy through posting Gathering citizen’s feedback is a mandatory in portals and in conspicuous places. This activity for all government agencies to ensures that the public was well informed validate satisfaction level of the public on government policies and performance in on government services. The Citizen delivery of public goods and services. Satisfaction Index Survey is an assessment tool which measures public service LGUs’ compliance to Full Disclosure Policy delivery of local governments according to was facilitated with the implementation awareness, experience and perception of of Department of the Interior and Local the citizens. It aims to measure the quality, Government (DILG) Management System responsiveness and inclusiveness of services

Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance | 37 from the perspective of the people as clients Compliance with the standards and citizens. As of 2018, all cities and only for processing permits will require three municipalities (Pagbilao, Pagsanjan streamlining the Business Permit and and Magallanes) were assessed on the Licensing System (BPLS) of cities and effectiveness of their feedback mechanisms, municipalities. Streamlining involves due to limited budget. restructuring the current business permits and licensing systems of LGUs to make Achieving seamless them simplified and more efficient. This can be done through the use of service delivery technology. LGUs with validated streamlined BPLS decreased from 26 The Department of Trade and Industry in 2016 to 12 in 2018 due to the limited through the National Competitiveness budget of the DILG for field validation. Council initiated the CMCI Survey to rank LGUs capacitated with electronic BPLS the competitiveness of cities, municipalities also decreased from 13 in 2017 to nine in and provinces based on their economic 2018. Non-compliance was mainly due to dynamism, government efficiency,inaccessibility or poor internet connection. infrastructure, and resilience. Other reasons were lack of personnel, no permit and licensing office and increase in In the 2019 CMCI Survey, fivethe volume of registrants. CALABARZON LGUs bagged top spots in the following categories: a) Overall On the other hand, the SGLG award Competitiveness - Provincial level was measures the performance of LGUs on Rizal, for Component Cities was Antipolo implementing governance reforms and City and for 1st and 2nd Class Municipalities local development. In 2019, 33 LGUs in was Cainta; b) Resiliency Pillar - 1st and CALABARZON were conferred with 2nd Class Municipalities was Taytay; SGLG recognition which is higher than c) Resiliency Pillar - Component Cities was the 24 LGUs in 2019. LGUs have already Antipolo City; d) Economic Dynamism – learned their shortcomings from the last Component Cities was General Trias City; year’s evaluation. The more rigid assessment and e) Government Efficiency Pillar – for requiring LGUs to pass all seven areas is in Component Cities was Antipolo City and line with DILG’s objective to continuously for 1st and 2nd Class Municipalities was push for excellence on local governance. Cainta. The number of awards received by LGUs also conducted crosschecking in the Region doubled from 12 in 2018 to 25 the municipal level to make sure that out of 75 categories in 2019. documents to be reviewed by national are already completed. Fifty-nine percent of LGUs increased in ranking in 2019 which is more than The signing of RA 11292 or the SGLG half of the 26 percent increase in 2018. Act on July 2019 will promote continuous The institutionalization of the Provincial improvement of LGUs’ performance and Competitiveness Councils that replicates ensure continuous funding of the program. functions of the Regional Competitiveness A Council of Good Local Governance will Council and administer filling out of the also be created that will periodically review CMCI survey is one of the reasons for the performance indicators, incentive awards, increase. To sustain and improve LGUs and provide capacity building for LGUs ranking, LGUs need to enhance data that are not able to qualify to ensure proper collection system and monitor or check implementation of the SGLG. accomplished CMCI forms .

38 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 The SGLG Act also takes into consideration the disasters through quick response that local governments may have different in deploying resources and services to local contexts such that one or more those affected. indicators may be peculiarly inapplicable or extremely different to meet given During the Taal Volcano eruption, the limitations or circumstances of LGUs. national and local government, private sector, and civil organizations, provided Enhancing administrative early response through distribution of relief goods and provision of temporary shelters governance to affected residents. However, in spite of this, there were issues on the delay in the Implementation of Public Financial distribution of the relief goods, equitable Management (PFM) improvement distribution and some evacuees not measures serve as basis in the release receiving any assistance. This is the problem of funds under General Appropriations stems from having an outdated list of Act - Local Government Support residents and poor coordination or lack of Fund (i.e. Assistance to Disadvantaged information on donation hubs. Municipalities and Conditional Matching Grant to Provinces Program) and assistance There is a need to establish a reliable and to national governments. Efficiency,updated database profiling the residents in accountability and transparency in the every LGU. This can be used as the basis use of public funds is necessary to ensure for the distribution of goods and financial the direct, immediate, substantial and assistance provided and enable the LGUs economical delivery of public services to provide for the needs of the individuals especially to the poor. affected by disasters or calamities. In 2018, 93 percent of LGUs in CALABARZON were compliant with the Further, the inconsistencies in the assessed PFM systems, higher than the implementation of policies on lockdowns 86 percent in 2017. Of the 147 LGUs in created confusion among the people. the Region, 137 were certified including 5 During the Taal Volcano eruption provinces, 10 cities and 122 municipalities. lockdown, the basis at the national level This is a result of continuous trainings on was the 14 kilometer radius danger zone, PFM and improved accountability of local while the local governments used the areas chief executives. identified in the hazard maps (base surge, tsunami, ballistic projectile). On the COVID Increasing capacity to 19 pandemic, the national level used the term enhance community quarantine, while handle emergencies local levels used lockdown which caused and disasters miscommunication among the LGUs in implementing policies such as establishing Effective response to disasters, particularly checkpoints, use of quarantine passes, and the likes that have never been encountered use of masks in public places. before poses a challenge to the LGUs. Given these problems, there is a In the first quarter of 2020, CALABARZON need to strengthen coordination and suffered two major blows: the Taal Volcano communication between the NGAs eruption and the COVID-19 pandemic. and LGUs in handling emergencies and These two disasters tested the competency disasters., local policies must be aligned with of LGUs in mitigating the impact of national policies and directives to achieve

Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance | 39 the desired outcome. The implementation confusion of the public, prevent problems of aligned or consistent policies will on peace and order, and increase public increase citizen cooperation, reduce trust to the government. Action Plan Strategic Framework building a high-trust society. Specifically, it aims to engage and empower citizens fully, achieve seamless service delivery, enhance This medium term development plan administrative governance, and strengthen aspires to enhance the social fabric by the civil service.

Figure 5.1 Strategic Framework to Ensure People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance

Targets Table 5.1 Plan Targets to Ensure People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance

BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2019 or latest AGENCY 2020 2021 2022 available data Anti corruption initiatives improved LGUs compliant to ARTA sustained/ 7 (2017) Increasing Increasing 100% CSC increased Seamless service delivery achieved NGAs and GOCCs fully complying with 28 (2017) Increasing Increasing 100% CSC the Citizens Charter achieved Charter achieved Proportion of LGUs 26% Increasing Increasing Increasing DTI, DILG, RCC in Competitiveness Ranking increased (SGLG) LGUs with validated streamlined Business 12 (2018) Increasing Increasing 100% DILG, DTI, LGUs Permit Licensing System (BPLS) RLAs conferred with the CSC Seal of 3 (2016) Increasing Increasing Increasing CSC Excellence increased

40 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2019 or latest AGENCY 2020 2021 2022 available data LGUs recipients of the Seal of Good 33 Increasing Increasing Increasing DILG Local Governance Citizenry fully engaged and empowered LGUs complying with the Full DILG Disclosure Policy (FDP) Portal Posting a. Fully Complying 100% 100% 100% 100% b. Complying 100% 100% 100% 100% Administrative governance enhanced LGUs assessed that are compliant with 138 (2018) Increasing Increasing 100% DBM set PFM standards (%)

Strategies financial management, and service delivery, among others. LGUs can use the additional To address the challenges in the first two IRA funds to: a) upgrade community years of plan implementation, priority health facilities, equipment, manpower and strategies will be implemented. implement health programs; b) establish multipurpose DRRM facilities that could To achieve enhanced administrative be used as evacuation area during natural governance, the following strategies will disasters or can be transformed as health be pursued: facility during public health emergencies; c) procurement of disaster risk reduction Ensure alignment of Government Directives. and management (DRRM) equipment such LGUs shall ensure alignment of local as early warning device and rescue vehicles; policies to national policies and directives and d) allocate resources for provision of to achieve a desired national or societal social assistance during emergencies. outcome especially during crisis brought by disasters, pandemics, and other community Invest on ICT equipment and utilize emergencies. Implementation of aligned technology for digital governance. The or consistent policies will increase citizen COVID-19 pandemic paved way for cooperation, reduce confusion of the public, government and the private sector to disturbance of peace and order, and public maximize the use of existing technology distrust to the government. to continue operations despite the quarantine. Government institutions Increase LGU capacities to effectively utilize shifted to electronic and paperless systems, additional Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) implemented online transactions, and new for local development, disaster preparedness channels for service delivery. and response. The implementation of Supreme Court ruling on the Mandanas COA and CSC are encouraged to define case on increasing the IRA share of the the rules, regulations, and requirements LGUs will provide more funds to LGUs for electronic transactions and alternative for devolved services and development work arrangements in the government. programs and projects. To facilitate the While for the private sector, DOLE effective use of the increased IRA, NGAs can identify the industries where shall provide capacity building programs to telecommuting or work-from-home LGUs on investment programming, public arrangement can be adopted. The DICT

Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance | 41 is recommended to provide ICT support Increase capacities of LGUs on the SGLG to government agencies and LGUs to and CMCI. Provision of technical assistance implement programs such as Digital on the SGLG and CMCI indicators and Government, Digital Work Force, requirements will help LGUs perform Digital Classrooms, Digital Medicine, better in all aspects of governance. There is among others. also a need to focus assistance on areas of assessment with low or poor performance. To achieve seamless service delivery, the following strategies will be pursued: Establish and update database in all LGUs. As part of its mandate, LGUs shall establish Implement RA 11032 or Ease of Doing and regularly (at least annually) update its Business (EODB) Act. The Act aims to solve database on socio-economic indicators bureaucratic red tape by facilitating prompt to serve as basis in plan and policy actions of all government transactions formulation, program and project with efficiency. The new law now covers all identification, implementation, and government transactions compared with monitoring. This database should include the previous ARTA law which caters only updated data on population, marginalized the frontline services. Thus, national and and vulnerable sectors of the population, local governments must adopt simplified and program and project beneficiaries requirements and streamlined processes which are crucial to ensure fast, reliable through automation and investment in and equitable delivery of government ICT resources. services. The PSA and DILG shall fastrack implementation of the Philippine One of these automated and simplified Identification System and Community- processes is BPLS. To monitor streamlined Based Monitoring System as a common and electronic BPLS implementation in all database system of LGUs. LGUs, there is a need to increase the budget for technical assistance and monitoring. Enhance capacities of LGUs in DRRM. LGUs play a very important role in ensuring Adopt a Whole-of-Government approach in the safety and well-being of its citizens delivery of key services. Convergence among before, during, and after a disaster. As agencies need to be strengthened and such, LGUs should update their LDRRM made more efficient to ensure the delivery Plan to include preparedness and response of basic services to all sectors of society measures for public health emergencies especially the marginalized. The emphasis such as COVID-19. LGUs affected by the for Whole-of-Government on reducing Taal eruption should also update their local poverty (Memorandum Circular No. 59, disaster plan taking into consideration series of 2016) and peace and development the experiences and lessons learned. All (Executive Order No. 70, series of 2016) has LGUs should fully utilize their DRRM been espoused by the President through fund to adequately prepare for disasters recent policy statements. (e.g. stockpiling of goods, contingency planning, purchase of equipment and The implementation of the Mandanas vehicles, community preparedness), ensure case ruling will increase the IRA for LGUs coordinated and fast disaster response, and starting in fiscal year 2022. This will require increase resiliency of their locality. Aside stronger coordination between the national from the DRRM fund, LGUs should also and local governments as the latter will need look into using their local development fund to fully implement all devolved services for medium to long-term DRRM programs and may assume additional functions. and projects.

42 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Given that LGUs have different levels by encouraging volunteerism and creation of resources, higher level LGUs, i.e. of local organizations/associations. Citizens province, can augment resources of need to be aware that they should be active municipalities with limited financial and partners of government in ensuring the technical capacity. success of public programs and projects.

Establish LGU disaster response hub to Promote Private-Public Partnership respond better to large-scale disasters. As on emergency response. During public gleaned from the Taal Volcano eruption in emergencies and disasters, private sector January 2020 which affected many LGUs, donations and initiatives can provide establishing a centralized disaster hub will essential assistance to affected individuals. facilitate proper receipt, accounting, and A strong Private-Public partnership can equitable distribution of donations to the also help ensure continuous supply and affected communities in the case of large- flow of essential goods and services during scale disasters or calamities. The province emergencies. In the recent Taal Volcano or capital city/town can serve as a hub. eruption, overflowing relief assistance was This disaster hub can also be the central provided by different private individuals repository of data and information on the and organizations. During COVID-19 effects of the disaster to provide basis for outbreak, the private sector helped the decision-making. government to provide protective gears to frontliners, built quarantine facilities To achieve reduced corruption, the to augment hospital capacities, and following strategies will be pursued: provided relief goods to the community. Clear donation procedures, transparent Sustain Full Disclosure Policy Compliance. monitoring, and logistics support by Establishment of ICT infrastructures for LGUs and NGAs can encourage private internet accessibility will enable LGUs to sector support. upload information in their respective website for transparency compliance. Institutionalize and harmonize response Posting of Citizen’s Charter and and feedback mechanisms. The Community Transparency Seal should be sustained. Satisfaction Index System should be established in all LGUs through the Engage citizens in anti-corruption drives. provision of adequate budget for Citizens must be made fully aware of technical assistance, institutionalization, feedback mechanisms wherein they can and monitoring. The CSIS, Hotline 888, report corrupt or illegal activities. The and other response and feedback systems proper representation of civil society and of government also need to be harmonized business groups in public sector councils to facilitate efficient use of resources and or programs is also essential in ensuring efficiency in operations. transparency and accountability. For civil service to be strengthened, the To achieve fully engaged and empowered following strategies will be pursued: citizenry, the following strategies will be pursued: Develop and invest in smart and future-ready public servants. Competent human resource Engage citizens in volunteerism and is essential in providing quality services to organizational development. Citizens shall the public. As such, qualification standards be engaged in the implementation of in hiring will be upheld and capacity of government policies, programs and projects government personnel will be developed

Chapter 5 Ensuring People-Centered, Clean, and Efficient Governance | 43 following a career improvement plan Continue to promote shared public service including trainings on emerging trends and values. Values such as professionalism, technologies to make them future-ready. excellence, integrity and non- discrimination in public service will be In relation to the increase in IRA, LGU adhered to by all civil servants by raising personnel also need to be fully capacitated awareness of civil service values and norms and policies must also be in place to enable among all government personnel, strictly LGUs to hire or absorb more personnel to implementing anti-corruption laws and carry-out existing and possible additional provision under EODB. devolved functions. There is also a need to study and adjust the cap for personnel Continue implementation of competency- services as well as make the salary based recruitment. Competency based between national government and LGUs recruitment of public servants ensures more equitable. the public of clean, honest, efficient and professional service. This will eliminate citizens’ doubts on the credibility and competence on public institutions.

Major Programs and Projects

• Ease of Doing Business Act • Philippine Identification System • Seal of Good Local Governance • ICT investment for Digital Government, • Full Disclosure Policy Digital Work Force, and the like • Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness • Establishment of Volunteer Program in Index Survey RLAs and LGUs (RA 9418) (i.e. Setting • Business Permit and Licensing System up of Volunteer Desk and Designation of • Capacity development for LGUs on IRA Volunteer Coordination Officer, etc) utilization, service delivery, and DRRM • DRRM Multipurpose facility and evacuation centers

44 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Adminstration of Justice | 45 46 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Administration

An effective justice system is an essential element in enhancing the social fabric by increasing the trust of citizens in public institutions which is the core of the Malasakit pillar of the Philippine and Regional Development Plans. Well-functioning civil justice systems protect the rights of all citizens against infringement of the law by others, including by powerful parties and governments. Moreover, an effective and fair judicial system is an essential component of the rule of law (OECD, 2015).

In the first two years of plan implementation, the justice system in CALABARZON improved in terms of delivering favourable dispositions, on time release of qualified inmates, and resolution of human rights cases.

The following main strategies will be pursued to promote swift and fair administration of justice: a) institutionalize the Regional Justice Sector Coordinating Council; b) further streamline and improve processes in the justice system; c) increase access to legal aid, assistance and protection; and d) increase and proper use of resources for decongestion of jails and detention facilities. Assessment and Challenges

From 2017 to 2018, significant Project to clear backlogs in improvements in the justice systems were preliminary investigations; c) implementing evident in terms of increase in grant of Amendment of the RA 10951, known favourable dispositions and qualified as, “The Revised Penal Code” which inmates released on time (Table 6.1). adjusted the amount or value of This was due to the following reforms: property and damage of which a penalty a) streamlining of investigation and is based and the fines imposed; and prosecutorial processes through the d) implementing Plea Bargaining launching of the Uniform Manual on Agreement which facilitated the release of Time Allowance and Service of Sentence qualified inmates on time specifically those which harmonized correction procedures; under persons deprived of liberty category. b) launching of Case Decongestion Table 6.1 Improvement in CALABARZON Justice System, 2016- 2018 INDICATOR BASELINE (2016) 2017 2018 Grant of Favourable Dispositions (number of cases) n.d 47,668 63,596 Qualified inmates Released on Time (number of inmates) n.d 697 1,158 Congestion Rate (%) 949 963 622 Source: CHR Region IV-A and BJMP Region IV-A

Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Adminstration of Justice | 47 Improvement in the case review processes increased by 24 percent from 42 jails in 2016 and proceedings coupled with construction (Table 6.2). Consequently, congestion rate of new jail facilities resulted to decongestion in jail facilities also improved from 936.66 of jails and detention facilities. As of 2018, percent in 2016 to 798.69 percent in 2018. there were 52 existing jail facilities which Table 6.2 Constructed Jail Facilities, 2016 – 2018 BASELINE 2019 INDICATOR 2017 2018 (2016) (September 30) Number of Jail Facilities Constructed 11 5 6 6 Number of constructed jail facilities being used 0 0 4 4 Total number of existing jail facilities 42 44 45 46

The delivery of fair and equal justice mandated the Commission on Human through case assistance improved (Table Rights to ensure the promotion and 6.3) with the following policies: a) easier protection of women’s rights and to access on availing the Community Legal investigate all violations of human Aid Service Rule which obliged lawyers rights against women; and c) issuance beginning with those who passed the of the Public Attorney’s Office (PAO) 2017 bar examinations to render pro bono Memorandum Order No. 20 series of 2017 services to those who would otherwise be which reconstituted the Victims Assistance denied access to adequate legal services; Unit at the PAO-Central Office, Regional b) implementation of the Philippine’s and District Offices. Gender Ombud Guidelines which Table 6.3 Cases Assisted and Resolved, 2017-2019 INDICATOR 2017 2018 2019 PAO assisted cases (%) 71.40 71.45 83.33 CHR cases resolved (number of cases) 129 146 106 Source: PAO Region IV-A and CHR Region IV-A The reoffending rate among convicted program of the BJMP called the Therapeutic offenders decreased and parolees/offenders Community Approach Training and compliant to the terms and conditions of conduct of educational activities which probation/parole increased (Table 6.4) with made them productive and prepared to be the implementation of the rehabilitation reintegrated back to the society. Table 6.4 Effect of Operationalizing Local Interventions for Rehabilitation, 2017 – 2018 INDICATOR Baseline (2016) 2017 2018 Reoffending rate among convicted offenders (probationers and JICL) (%) n.d. 1.68 0.75 Parolees/offenders compliant to the terms and conditions of probation/ n.d. 98.32 99.24 parole (%) Source: PAO Region IV-A and CHR Region IV-A

In 2020, Enhanced Community Quarantine Provided in the Bayanihan law is the (ECQ) was declared in Luzon while other imposition of penalties to those creating, parts of the country were placed under perpetrating, or spreading false information community quarantine to minimize on the COVID-19 which leads to chaos, the spread of COVID-19. Republic Act panic, anarchy, fear or confusion. The No. 11469 known as the Bayanihan to media has reported several complaints on Heal as One Act declared COVID-19 a the implementation of the ECQ and the national emergency. Bayanihan Act. Among the complaints were

48 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 excessive use of power by law enforcers, has the potential for the wide spread of the violation of human rights during arrests disease in congested jail facilities. and confrontation with law enforcers. There were also complaints on the distribution While there was a decreased rate in overall of government cash and goods subsidies to criminality during the ECQ, the above individuals in need. Most disturbing were mentioned concerns on the enforcement the reported cases of COVID-19 patients and of laws and safety should also be addressed their families, medical and other essential immediately. Moreover, most of court or “frontline” workers in their communities, proceedings, case resolutions, and provision being discriminated. There was an increase of legal aid have been suspended during in physical abuse of women or domestic the quarantine period. Investments in violence during ECQ. Meanwhile, there ICT would ensure continuous operation were alarming cases on COVID-19 positive of the justice system in times of public inmates and jail security personnel, which (health) emergencies.

Action Plan

Strategic Framework criminal, commercial and administrative justice systems and improving the sector This chapter follows the PDP Framework efficiency and accountability to regain (Figure 6.1), aiming to administer justice people’s trust. swift and fairly by enhancing the civil,

Figure 6.1 Strategic Framework to Pursue Swift and Fair Administration of Justice

Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Adminstration of Justice | 49 Targets Table 6.5 Plan Targets to Pursue Swift and Fair Administration of Justice BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2019 or latest 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY available data Civil, criminal, commercial and administrative justice systems enhanced Percentage of preliminary investigation n.d decreasing decreasing decreasing DOJ backlogs decreased (cumulative) PAO cases assisted 83.33% 71.55% 71.60% 71.65% DOJ-PAO Court (court-annexed mediation) n.d increasing increasing increasing DOJ-ORP cases resolved Grant of favorable dispositions 11,092 increasing increasing increasing DILG-BJMP (number of cases) Sector efficiency and accountability improved Number of qualified inmates (based 11,823 1421 1588 1754 DILG-BJMP on court orders for release) in city/ municipal/district jails released on time maintained Congestion rate decreased 798.69 846.70% 870. 05% 893. 40% DILG-BJMP (cumulative,%) Percentage human rights cases 106 Increasing Increasing Increasing CHR resolved within the prescribed period increased (cumulative) Prosecutor to court ratio improved n.d Increasing Increasing Increasing DOJ (cumulative, %) Public attorney to court ratio improved n.d Increasing Increasing Increasing DOJ-PAO (cumulative, %) Conviction rate on all criminal cases n.d Increasing Increasing Increasing DOJ increased (cumulative, %) Reoffending rate among convicted 0.75% Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing DOJ-Bucor; offenders decreased (cumulative, %) DOJ-PPA Rate of parolees/offenders compliant 99.24% Increasing Increasing Increasing DOJ-PPA to the terms and conditions of probation/parole All requests for free legal assistance/ 100% 100% 100% 100% DOJ-PAO representation acted upon within three (3) working days from date of request maintained

Strategies following the national Council. A justice hub to improve access for judicial processes Civil, criminal, commercial and should also be established. A focus group discussion among concerned agencies such administrative justice systems as the Department of Justice (DOJ), Supreme enhanced Court and the Department of Interior and Local Government may be necessary to Institutionalize the Regional Justice Sector kick-start the institutionalization of the Coordinating Council (RJSCC).The Regional Council. establishment of the Regional Council will facilitate a sensible approach in Further streamline and improve processes in administering justice by harmonizing the justice system. Streamlining of criminal justice procedures and systems in the Region investigation, prosecution and case

50 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 management processes through appropriate Sector efficiency and internal controls is necessary to ensure accountability improved that cases are decided based on evidence and meritorious consideration. To address Increase access to legal aid, assistance and the increasing drug-related cases applying protection. Many economic, structural, for the Plea Bargaining Agreement, the and institutional factors hinder access to DOJ- Parole and Probation Administration justice, including the complexity and cost (DOJ-PPA) may see the need to increase of legal processes, time, and geographical their logistics in terms of supplies, office and physical constraints. Access to space and plantilla. The PPA and the DOJ- legal services for the marginalized will PAO may also need the provision of hazard be improved through: a) hiring and pay due to their exposure in field works. deployment of paralegals in communities to provide free basic legal advice; b) setting Strengthen alternative dispute resolution up of community justice centers or one- (ADR) systems. To help decongest the stop shops for legal services; c) conduct regular courts, there is a need to reinforce of free legal consultations in rural areas; the Katarungang Pambarangay Law or d) “unbundling” of legal services to reduce the Barangay Justice System as an ADR costs; and e) use of ICT to make judicial mechanism. The DILG and DOJ may services available online. conduct alternative dispute resolution trainings at the barangay level, while for Operationalize local intervention for the Philippine National Police (PNP) further rehabilitation of drug surrenderers. LGUs improves its mediation skills. will establish and strengthen their rehabilitation programs for drug In times of public health emergencies, surrenderers to prepare them for the Barangay Justice System as an ADR reintegration to the community. Technical mechanism should also be active and used assistance can be provided by the DOJ- to immediately address complaints on PPA field offices to LGUs that have no public discrimination on patients, family intervention programs and rehabilitation of patients and frontline workers, and centers. The Bureau of Jail Management domestic violence. and Penology (BJMP) will also continue and expand its Barangay-Based Therapeutic Review and strict implementation and Community Approach Training which monitoring of the Good Conduct Time is a structured multi-sectoral approach Allowance (GTCA). In light of recent events, community-based rehabilitation program. the 2019 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Republic Act No. Increase and proper use of resources for 10592 concerning the Good Conduct Time decongestion of jails and detention facilities. Allowances need to be further reviewed Although decongestion rate decreased from for proper implementation and oversight 963 percent in 2017 to 622 percent in 2018, by the Department of Justice. The revised this is still far from the ideal jail capacity of law categorically excludes heinous crime 1:30 inmates. Thus, more facilities should offenders and will publish names of persons be constructed as congested jails affect the deprived of liberty who may be qualified for health and well-being of detainees. Other release subject to the Data Privacy Act. decongestion activities will continuously be implemented such as the hiring of Case Decongestion Officers and creation of Assisting Courts System and Continuous Trial System. Jail facilities also need to

Chapter 6 Pursuing Swift and Fair Adminstration of Justice | 51 be properly maintained and upgraded by people the ability to know and use the law investing ICT system to improve monitoring to avoid abuses and push for reforms in the and managing facilities and inmates. justice system.

Moreover, proper allocation and utilization Furthermore, a feedback mechanism on the of budget for the operation of jail facilities justice system should be institutionalized to will have a big impact on the improvement make it attuned to the needs of the people of jail facilities. and improve its services.

Strengthen victim legal protection and Unify database system. A unified database assistance. Justice will be made accessible system for the whole justice system with for the marginalized sector of the society a single case identification should be through the creation of public assistance established as this will improve efficiency of desks. The PNP will sustain their women’s case documents. and children’s desk. Respect Rule of Law. Implement the law Strengthen efforts against illegal drugs inside with fairness and equality to all the citizens. jail facilities. To sustain efforts in anti- Human rights should still prevail in illegal drugs activities inside jails, BJMP imposing penalties and conduct arrest; thus Region IV-A created the Oplan RODY excessive use or abuse of power should not which seeks to remove personnel involved be tolerated and subject to transparent and in illegal drugs and corruption inside jails. swift investigation. Other key areas of the program include the disbandment of gangs, decongestion Invest on ICT systems in the justice sector. of jail facilities, and ensuring discipline of Establish online legal consultation and personnel and inmates. centralized case reporting to strengthen public access to legal aid, assistance Enhance accountability through engaged and protection. Establish digital case citizenry. The conduct of various awareness proceedings and trial to continue court campaigns and fora for citizens on the operations in times of quarantine. Establish legal system, their basic rights, and crime and implement online jail visitation to prevention should be expanded to more minimize exposure of the persons deprived audiences. Legal empowerment will give of liberty to infectious diseases. Major Programs and Projects

• Construction, rehabilitation and • Strengthening of small courts and renovation of jail facilities alternative dispute bodies • Digital Justice System which include • Community Reintegration and Livelihood digital/online case proceedings, legal assistance for former inmates and consultation, centralized case reporting, drug offenders jail visitation • Adoption of interventions on victim • Unified database for the whole assistance for sexually-abused victims justice system • Values formation for the youth • Justice on Wheels • Strengthen communication among • Information drive on mandates and concerned agencies policies on justice system • Management of complaints of human rights violations through the improved documentation and database

52 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 53 54 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values

This chapter discusses the performance of the culture sector in the first half of the plan period and identifies key challenges and strategic interventions to promote Philippine culture and values and further enhance the social fabric.

Culture is considered as one of the pillars to achieve inclusive growth since it caters to a wide range and cross-cutting sectors. In addition, the culture sector must continue to document the Indigenous Knowledge System and Practices (IKSP) to serve as a repository of knowledge on cultural and traditional practices and information, identify culture bearers to ensure that practices are carried over generations, and implement the Philippine Cultural Sta- tistics Framework to generate sound, relevant and accurate data and statistics.

The need for a Filipino identity as a catalyst towards inclusive, sustainable and human-centered development is recognized in the Philippine and Regional Development Plans. The following are the priority areas in this plan period: a) safeguarding and enshrining our cultural heritage; b) achieving equity and inclusion in access to cultural resources and services; and c) sustaining and enhancing cultural assets to foster creativity and innovation for socioeconomic growth.

Assessment and Challenges

The inclusion of a chapter on culture achievements of the culture sector include and values in the Philippine and increasing percentage of LGUs with Local Regional Development Plans contributed Culture and Arts Councils (LCAC) and in mainstreaming culture and arts. percentage of LGUs which conducted Recognizing the significant role of culture cultural mapping. and arts in sustainable development and inclusive-growth is likewise included Valuing our diverse culture in the Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plans and Provincial The number of cultural centers/hubs and Tourism Plans. facilities increased from 54 in 2017 to 66 in 2018. This increase can be attributed At the local level, culture and arts to the assistance provided by the National components were integrated in nine Historical Commission of the Philippines Comprehensive Development Plans (CDPs) to LGUs. Cultural hubs may be a place in 2017 and 21 in 2018. The unavailability or community where exchange of ideas, of guidelines in mainstreaming culture and knowledge or talents may take place. These arts in CDPs from the DILG hindered the also serve as a platform to provide space and mainstreaming of this component. In the support for networking, creative outputs two-year plan implementation, notable and cultural community engagements.

Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 55 The National Commission on Indigenous Pagkamalikhain values Peoples (NCIP) reported that there were three documentations conducted on IKSP of creative excellence through the formulation of the Ancestral advanced Domains Sustainable Development and Protection Plan. Culture bearers identified The number of LGUs with established increased to six in 2018 from one and two LCAC increased from 30.3 percent to 64.7 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. This can percent, from 2017 to 2018. The issuance of be attributed to further recognition of the DILG memorandum circular 2002-81 for members of indigenous peoples (IPs) in LGUs to establish LCAC is instrumental in communities and participation of IPs in this positive development. development activities. Cultural sites in the Region also increased Cultural mapping is a tool to document and from 290 in 2017 to 342 in 2018 as reported identify tangible and intangible assets in in the Philippine Registry of Cultural the community. From 2016 to 2017, there Property of NCCA as the LGUs documented was a 200 percent increase in the number their cultural properties. The output of the of LGUs which conducted cultural mapping cultural mapping aids in the identification while from 2017 to 2018, it increased to and validation of these cultural sites. 177.78 percent. Provision of technical assistance from the National Commission on Culture and Arts (NCCA), involvement Inculcating values that of teachers and Sanguniang Kabaatan, and foster common goods support of local chief executives to cultural mapping activities assisted in the increase Based on the study conducted by NEDA, in percentage of LGUs which conducted the the Philippines does not have a particular said activity. The output of the mapping may exclusionist culture but is quite religious be a database which may be used in policy and conservative. Moreover, the Philippines recommendation and community planning does not have a particular monumentalist and development. culture where communities have clear identities in tradition and have no reason There was also an increase in the number to change and evolve. However, the country of local festivities in the Region, from is described as being compassionate, 44 in 2016 to 114 in 2017 and to 151 generous, willing to help others and in 2018. These festivities are part of the exchange favors and service, having a annual celebration of festivals in LGUs in high opinion on oneself, and willing to cooperation with culture and arts councils, demonstrate superiority. civil society organizations, non-government organizations and academe. Understanding Filipino values is a key in defining and making sense of people’s social The strong self-help cooperative efforts and behavioral patterns, and strengthening made possible by the bayanihan spirit have common identity towards national and faded as well as the sense of community and Regional goals. The NCCA conducted indigenous community. This loss in belief a study to identify the core and sectoral in higher source of power caused a decline Filipino values. Results identified 19 core in creative energy. As a consequence, our values which include family, education, capacities for extemporaneous chanting faith, health and wellness, and basic needs as and poetic debate such as the traditional top five most important values. Values such balagtasan, dallot, or balitaw, have become as family-centered, faith and virtue-based, almost extinct. 56 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 collective, concern for others, education- Historico-Cultural Origins; 2) development oriented and ambivalent remained the same of Taal, Batangas and General Trias, 3) through time while focus on economic Cavite Municipal Built Heritage Inventory; security and awareness on importance of 4) Silang Church Complex plan; and culture and heritage changed over time. 5) establishment of eco-art hub in Los Baños, Laguna. Culture-sensitive To recognize the significant achievement public governance and of artists and cultural workers, four LGUs development strengthened established an award giving body for cultural initiatives. Some of the awarding and Formal agreements for inter-agency support incentive system of the Batangas Province on cultural initiatives increased from one to include the implementation of Mabini six in 2017 to 2018. These agreements are: 1) Batangas Awards, Huwarang Pamilyang conduct of Museum Summit spearheaded Pilipino Awards, and Balisong Awards. by the South Luzon Association of Likewise, the Regional Development Museums and Mauban Words and their Council also gives awards and recognizes the exemplary achievement in the Region. Action Plan Strategic Framework

Figure 7.1 Strategic Framework to Promote Philipine Culture and Values

Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 57 Chapter 7 is governed by the strategic collecting accurate and up-to-date data framework where the main goal is to on culture and values; f) mainstreaming lay down the foundation for inclusive culture preservation and development; growth, a high-trust and resilient society, and g) promoting and pursuing the and competitive knowledge economy. practice of volunteerism in the academe, The Culture sector will contribute to the corporate, non-government and in attainment of the overall goal by enhancing government agencies. the social fabric and regaining public trusts through “malasakit”. Targets Over the remainder of the plan period, To achieve this intermediate goal, the from 2020 to 2022, the challenges include sector outcomes must first be recognized mainstreaming and integration of culture and achieved. This will be made possible and arts components in CDPs and CLUPs, through: a) valuing our diverse cultures; development of cultural management plans, b) advancing the creative excellence; establishment of schools of living traditions, c) inculcating the values of common membership of indigenous peoples in local good; d) strengthening culture-sensitive council, and data gaps on culture and arts. governance and development; e) continue Table 7.1 Plan Targets to Promote Philippine Culture and Values1 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Philippine Culture and Values Promoted Tolerance and respect for others enhanced n.d

Pride of being Filipino increased (%) 2013 95.3 NCCA Inclusion of culture in all development plans in 2017 1 1 1 1 NEDA key growth areas (Regional) Number of Provincial Development Plans with 2017 5 - - - NEDA culture components increased Number of CDPs/CLUPS with mainstreamed 2017 9 38 44 TBD DILG (CDP), culture and arts increased HLURB (CLUP) Number of cultural conservation TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Provincial management plans developed across all levels Government of government Percentage of LGUs mainstreaming culture in TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Provincial their local development plans increased Government Our diverse cultures valued

Distribution of cultural infrastructure index 2016 TBD TBD TBD TBD NCCA Number of documentation conducted on IKSP 2016 1 TBD TBD TBD NCIP Percentage of LGUs with cultural mapping 2016 2.11% 5.63% 6.34% TBD DOT conducted increased Number of schools of living tradition increased 2016 1 5 6 TBD NCIP Increased number of culture bearer identified 2016 1 5 6 TBD NCIP Increased number of local festivities sustained 2016 44 56 59 TBD DOT Pagkamalikhan values of creative excellence advanced Percentage of LGUs with LCAC increased 2016 0.70% TBD TBD TBD Provincial Government

1 There are no current baselines and targets for the indicators because data remain to be gathered and established through a national survey in 2019. Survey results will be released in 2020.

58 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Number of arts academies and schools 2016 1 Increasing Increasing TBD DepEd, CHED implementing special programs in the arts increased Increased number of cultural sites 2016 42 Increasing Increasing TBD Provincial Government Increased number of cultural activities 2016 9 Increasing Increasing TBD Provincial Government Increased percentage of filed applications for 2016 n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD DTI-IPOPHIL intellectual property for individual creative works Values that foster the common good inclucated Regional grade average on Edukasyon sa 2019 n.d. TBD TBD TBD DepEd Pagpapakatao increased Regional grade average on Music, Arts, 2019 n.d. TBD TBD TBD DepEd Physical Education and Health increased

Number of agencies with programs that 2019 0 TBD TBD TBD Culture related promote Filipino values for the common good at agencies the level of public service increased Curricula integrating courses of values used at 2016 n.d. TBD DepEd all year levels in K to 12 enhanced - - Culture-sensitive public governance and development strengthened Number of formal agreements for inter-agency 2017 n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD NCCA support for cultural initiatives across all levels of government increased Percentage of required municipalities, cities, and 2015 n.d. Increasing Increasing 100% NCIP provinces with Indigenous Peoples Mandatory Representation (cumulative) Number of awareness and sensitivity campaign 2016 n.d. Increasing Increasing Increasing NCCA programs on the rights of PWD, IPs, women, youth and children increased Number of provinces/ cities/municipalities with 2016 2 Increasing Increasing 5 Provincial offices for culture and arts increased Government Number of provinces/ cities/municipalities with 2017 TBD Increasing Increasing 5 DILG institutionalized GawadngKultura increased Strategies initiatives for documenting IKSPs and establishing community registries. Continue collection of accurate and up-to-date data on culture and values The A directory of cultural workers and local Philippine Cultural Statistics Framework artists may be established for easy access of will be continuously implemented by information that may be used by Regional the NCCA and the Philippine Statistics line agencies and local government units in Authority to generate sound, relevant provision of response measures and support and accurate cultural statistics. This is in services for them during disaster and public support to planning, policy formulation health emergencies. The directory may also and budget programming, and monitoring be used as reference during rehabilitation of accomplishments on the values, culture and recovery planning. and arts development. The Philippine Indigenous People’s Ethnographies Project These data and statistics will serve as basis under the NCIP should also be continuously in formulating plans to further nurture funded and implemented to strengthen culture and the arts in the Region.

Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 59 Our diverse cultures valued Training and education opportunities on conservation and preservation of tangible There is a need to promote appreciation and intangible resources and on plan of different cultures amongst the Regions preparation must be made available at and ensure that these individualities are the local level to increase the pool of local integrated without compromising the notion experts who will lead the plan preparation. of a single national identity. To achieve this, different types of culture should be defined, Continue the establishment Knowledge recognized, safeguarded, and promoted. Development Centers and Schools of Living Traditions for building capacities of Filipinos. Develop, produce, disseminate, and liberalize The younger generation may not be access to information on Filipino culture completely aware of the different Filipino and values. Promotion and information traditional practices. To ensure that the dissemination can be done through mobile practices are carried over generations, libraries, outreach programs and travelling culture bearers should be identified and the exhibits in public spaces. Digitization and indigenous knowledge system and practices content development of information on should be continuously documented. The culture and values may be done to produce established Schools of Living Tradition information, education and communication (SLT) should be maintained and their (IEC) materials. number increased to strengthen cultural conservation in the communites. As disaster and public health emergencies postpone activities during the celebration of Expand inclusive cultural structures as civic local festivals and other cultural activities, spaces for dialogue and cultural exchange. LGUs and culture-related agencies and Aiming for cultural awareness equates to offices should develop IEC materials and the development of culture-related facilities promotional campaigns to raise awareness and the construction of learning sites. about the festivals and cultural activities. Ensure that the existing structures are used more purposively as to serve as venues for Mass communication technologies, such as cultural activities. social media and websites, can be used to Recognize the important role of culture disseminate these IEC materials to a wide in disaster and public health response, range of stakeholders. health communication, and rehabilitation and recovery planning. Culture is said to Institutionalize and intensify heritage be learned, shared, and transmitted to conservation plans and programs. There is a generation through generation and is need to develop a Regional culture awareness reflected in a group’s values, beliefs, and program and heritage conservation and practices, among others. Close family ties development plan guidelines that will be and family welfare, among the notable cascaded to the local level. Due to the Filipino cultures, are some of the factors may vulnerability of cultural heritage sites to be considered in responding in disasters disasters and human-induced hazards, and public health emergencies. Hence, disaster risk reduction and climate change the vital role of culture in response and in adaptation should be mainstreamed in the rehabilitation and recovery planning should plan to protect and safeguard cultural and be considered to understand the people’s heritage sites. Regular conduct of structural behavior. This will ensure that response audit of these sites should also be reflected measures, policy recommendations, in the plan to find critical areas for repair programs, and projects are appropriate. and suggest retrofitting measures to prevent damage of property and loss of life. 60 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 “Pagkamalikhain” value of creative Thus, it is crucial for the country and the excellence advanced Region to transition to digitization and e-commerce as it is an important source of Creativity in development process should be trade and investment opportunities amidst continuously advocated. This will not only the development brought by the fourth aid in the improvement and popularization industrial revolution. Since the concepts of of Filipino culture but will also add creative economy and creative industry are economic value. new, there is a need for common and shared understanding between the government Boost the development of Filipino creativity and private sector on this matter. as tool for social cohesion and push for culture-based industry and creative economy. Values for the common Elevating arts and culture in Regional and good inculcated local conversations, such as use of media and identifying culture champions at the local Use various channels of values inculcation. level, will encourage artists. Provision of NEDA and NCCA conducted a study on incentives to artists and media practitioners the association of Filipino cultures and who support culture-related activities and personalities and the present and shared produce culture-related shows will also core values of Filipinos. Results of the study serve as mechanism in promoting cultural can be integrated in programs and projects, awareness. Award giving bodies in LGUs education curricula, local ordinances and will serve as venue in recognizing local media to promote and inculcate these artists and cultural workers. Thus, LGUs are values. Instilling these values is a step encouraged to form award giving bodies to towards a high-trust society. promote culture and arts. Increase government efforts for promotion Build public appreciation of Filipino of value that foster the common good. The creativity. There is a need to change the government should partner with media mindsets on aesthetic and creativity for a and civil society organizations in promoting better appreciation of Philippine culture. values that fosters common good. Engaging Providing broader career opportunities communities to participate in promoting for culture and arts will encourage good values can be made. participation from the younger generation in pursuing passion for culture and arts. Use Encourage the youth to participate in of local language or baybayin calligraphy, cultural activities and to enroll in culture especially for signages, logos, name cards, and arts education programs. There is a need and public art can be encouraged to better to mainstream cultural education in basic, appreciate Filipino creativity and local technical-vocational, and higher education. language. Further appreciation of Filipino Inclusion of culture and arts in the creativity may be promoted through curriculum, capacity building and training celebration of festivals and conduct of fairs of teaching personnel and improving the and events. The Department of Tourism learning materials can encourage the youth (DOT)’s visitor centers may be used as a to enroll in cultural and arts programs and venue to exhibit creative local outputs and attend in cultural activities. local commodities. Mainstream culture and values in the basic, Promote and hasten the development technical, vocational, and higher education of Philippine creative economy. The systems. Mainstreaming culture and values competitiveness and attractiveness of our in education should start in the primary creative talents and products are being education as the formative years of children recognized in the international markets. are the periods wherein cognitive, social, Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 61 and emotional development starts. traditions, and eliminate discrimination. As such, government offices, academic Culture-sensitive governance and institutions, private sectors and other development strengthened stakeholders should join in the said celebrations. Participation in forums and The government plays a crucial role in dialogues with the IPs can be done to further mainstreaming the Filipino culture and learn and appreciate their background, ensuring that it is protected and preserved. contribution and participation in nation building. Inviting IP representatives during Pursue institutional reforms for consultation meetings and development cultural development. Creation and planning is encouraged to take note of institutionalization of LCAC and their comments and opinions on socio- ordinances that promote culture will aid in economic concerns. mainstreaming culture and the arts and in recognizing the important role of culture Use vernacular or local language in IEC and values in sustainable local development. materials. The IEC materials of Regional line agencies, LGUs, and private sectors that Strengthen the protection of the rights of were developed using vernacular or local vulnerable sectors to access cultural resources language and in layman’s terms will ensure and to live a life free from discrimination that the intended message and information and fear. Celebration of the National are communicated clearly to the target Indigenous Peoples Month and National audience. This will also avoid confusion and Indigenous Peoples Day will mainstream misinformation among the stakeholders. their culture and traditional practices, foster the appreciation of katutubo culture and Major Programs and Projects

The government will implement the for artists and media advocating following programs, projects and activities cultural awareness to attain the sector and subsector outcomes: • Recognition of individuals and organizations who are champion in Our diverse cultures valued promoting, preserving and protecting cultural heritage and arts • Construction and enhancement of libraries and museums Values for the common good inculcated • Development of knowledge materials on culture, values and indigenous peoples • Integration of culture and core and • Establishment of Schools of shared values in the curricula and various Living Traditions activities of the basic and higher education • Enhancement and conduct of • Forge partnerships with media, civil cultural awareness programs and society organizations, and other advocacy campaigns stakeholders to widen efforts of values inculcation “Pagkamalikhain” or Value of creative excellence advanced

• Development and promotion of Philippine creative economy • Provision of tax incentives and breaks

62 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Culture-sensitive governance and integration of culture and values in local development strengthened development plans • Representation of IPs in local councils • Conduct of cultural mapping in cities • Participation of the youth, Sangguniang and municipalities Kabataan officials, and youth leaders in • Provision of trainings and capability cultural activities in the communities building in preparing the Cultural • Provision of IEC materials using local Heritage Development Plan and language and simple words Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Support the Creation of Department of Culture Reorganization of NCCA and its functions Creation of office and plantilla items for culture To have a better focus on cultural awareness, there should be a position and arts dedicated to the perceived responsibilities Strengthen incentive system for media and Media is considered as very influential due to many means it can rely artists: 1) Provision of tax incentives for media and transfer information and message. Providing incentives to media will that promotes cultural oriented shows/content; encourage them to create shows and integrate culture-related contents to 2) Provision of tax breaks for artists their releases. This will also aid in promoting culture awareness. Issuance of AO on rectification of Some learning materials provided to schools include errors in historical historical data data, hence, a need to revise and enhance these materials Provision of guidelines on mainstreaming CDP-TAC checklist includes the integration of culture and arts culture and arts in CDP/CLUP formulation component in CDP; thus, there is a need for DILG to include guidelines on mainstreaming culture and the arts in local development plan

Chapter 7 Promoting Philippine Culture and Values | 63 64 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 1 The Long View | 65 66 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 67 68 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

This chapter presents the performance of AFF sector in the Region from 2017 to 2018 in terms of achieving the Plan targets. The eruption of the Taal Volcano and COVID-19 pandemic presented new challenges that required a new perspective in defining strategies and designing programs and projects (P/Ps) on resource conservation, sustained production, technology adoption, credit access, technical assistance and support provision, and strong collaboration with the private sector.

Assessment Gross Value Added (GVA) depleted fisheries resources. The crops and fisheries sub-sector contributed about 19.5 increased percent and 19.1 percent, respectively of the 2018 total value of production in AFF. From 2016 to 2018, the AFF accounted for an average of about 5.13 percent of the total gross domestic product of CALABARZON. Crop yield performance Notwithstanding the positive performance slowed down attained in 2018, the gross value added remains below the minimum of 2.3 percent Majority of the priority crops in the growth target, which is lower than the 2016 Region posted a downtrend in productivity performance (Table 8.1). The performance performance vis-à-vis targets from 2017 of the AFF was highly affected by the to 2018 (Table 8.3). The decline in yield decline in the crops and fisheries sub-sector was caused by weather disturbances such (Table 8.2) due to numerous typhoons and as typhoons and prolonged dry season

Table 8.1 Growth Rate of GVA in AHFF (in percent) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 3.4 2.0-3.5 2.3-3.8 -0.60 0.70

Table 8.2 Growth Rate of Value of Production by Subsector (in percent, at constant prices) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL SUBSECTOR (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Crops 2.1 Increasing Increasing -0.80 0.70 Fisheries -0.4 Increasing Increasing -6.30 -7.40 Livestock 7.9 Increasing Increasing 1.60 2.30 Poultry 2.8 Increasing Increasing 1.10 2.80

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 69 which resulted to delayed planting and only palay and coconut were able to achieve shift to other crops. Government support the target yield with palay attaining 1.25 measures were put in place to improve crop percent more than the 2018 target and production which mainly includes input coconut with 2.01 percent and 5.55 percent provision to assist farmers as they start more than its 2017 and 2018 targets, another cropping season. respectively. The two crops were able to sustain performance since 2016 because On the other hand, some commodities of the government’s efforts to rejuvenate posted a positive performance such as palay, and/or rehabilitate old fruit bearing trees, yellow corn, banana, coconut, cacao and intensive fertilization, hybridization and abaca. However, among these commodities, farm mechanization. Table 8.3 Yield of Major Commodities (in MT/Ha, cumulative) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL CROP (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Palay 3.50 3.64 3.82 3.53 3.87 White Corn 1.70 1.96 2.39 1.70 1.70 Yellow Corn 3.80 4.00 4.64 3.66 3.82 Banana 4.10 4.24 4.37 4.22 4.26 Coconut 3.10 3.13 3.28 3.19 3.46 Pineapple 22.70 23.38 24.08 23.23 22.25 Mango 3.60 3.80 3.99 2.99 3.05 Sugarcane 60.90 Increasing Increasing 63.60 58.83 Cassava 6.90 9.75 10.15 6.59 5.86 Coffee 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.16 0.15 Cacao 0.04 0.14 0.24 0.04 0.05 Rubber 0.10 No Target No Target 0.05 0.03 Abaca 0.02 No Target No Target 0.03 0.02 Fisheries production percent in 2018. The performance of the fishery sub-sector is reflected in the priority declined fishery commodities (Table 8.5) in the Region resulting to the non-attainment of The growth in the volume of fisheries the targets for 2017 and 2018. Tilapia and continued to decline from 2016 to Milkfish, which are the major contributors 2018 (Table 8.4). The commercial and in the total fisheries production of the aquaculture fishery production fell by 18 Region have declining production since percent and 11.30 percent, respectively 2016 due to the effect of intense heat during compared to 2017 performance. Municipal the prolonged dry spell and onset of El Niño fishery, on the other hand, posted 5.70 Phenomenon in 2018. Seaweeds production percent growth in 2017 compared to a was highly affected by the ice-ice disease negative performance in 2016. However, and epiphytes resulting to scarcity of it also suffered significant decline of 9.5 planting materials. Table 8.4 Growth in Volume of Fisheries Production (in percent) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL TYPE (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Commercial -20.14 1.00 1.00 -6.10 -18.00 Municipal -23.78 2.00 2.00 5.70 -9.50 Aquaculture -0.63 3.00 3.00 -1.20 -11.30

70 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 8.5 Volume of Priority Fishery Commodities Production (in ‘000 MT, cumulative) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Tilapia 92.37 98.23 104.12 91.87 92.14 Bangus 67.37 72.15 75.03 71.31 44.7 Seaweeds 3.60 3.82 4.01 0.83 3.30 Tiger Prawns 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.32 0.29 White Shrimp 0.00 0.001 0.001 0.00027 0.001 The decline in the performance of the Livestock and poultry fisheries sub-sector, especially aquaculture, was also attributed to strengthened retains uptrend implementation of regulatory policies on performance illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in Laguna Lake1. Nonetheless, The livestock and poultry sub-sector which the government continues to provide contributed about 29.5 percent and 31.8 support through the distribution of percent of the Region’s total production fishing paraphernalia, provision ofin AFF in 2018, respectively, continued to livelihood projects and assistance to the sustain its positive growth, while at the same marginal fisherfolk, and strengthened time achieving its targets in 2017 to 2018 linkages with the Local Government (Table 8.6). Hog production in the Region, Units and other law enforcement agencies which constitutes about 92 percent of the to ensure conservation and preserved total livestock production in 2018, increased fisheries resources. by 1.81 percent and 2.66 percent in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The performance Meanwhile, white shrimps and tiger prawns was the result of the increased demand to that are both cultured in marine fish other meats due to bird flu scare in 2017, cages and marine fish pens proved their strict implementation of bio-security potentials as their production increased in measures, and strong collaboration between 2017 to 2018 resulting to the attainment of the government and the private sector. their respective targets. Such performance However, goat production, constituting may be a result of the government’s efforts about 2.5 percent of the total livestock to promote mariculture as an alternative production in 2018, increased by 0.53 source of income and sustainable livelihood percent in 2017 but declined by 2.62 percent for fisherfolks. in 2018. Nonetheless, the government continues the promotion of goat production 1 President Rodrigo Duterte during his 2016 State of through the various support services the Nation Address stated that: “Laguna de Bay shall which distributes quality goat stocks to be transformed into a vibrant economic zone… fish pen and fish cage operators have to reduce their areas qualified farmers. of occupation, and that poor fishermen shall have priority in its entitlement.” Table 8.6 Volume of Production (in ‘000 MT, cumulative) BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 a. Hog 365.10 Increasing Increasing 371.70 381.59 b. Goat 3.80 Increasing Increasing 3.82 3.72 d. Chicken 328.40 Increasing Increasing 328.65 330.94 e. Chicken Egg 140.30 Increasing Increasing 145.02 156.32

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 71 Chicken and chicken egg production, which production support increased in 2018 constitutes about 70.11 percent and 29.07 resulting to a surpassed target by as much as percent of the total poultry production in 108.95 percent. 2018, respectively, posted positive growths resulting to achievement of targets in 2017 In terms of the provision of agricultural and 2018. Chicken production increased by and fishery machineries and equipment, 0.08 percent in 2017 and 0.70 percent in 2018 the actual accomplishments surpassed the while chicken egg production increased by target number of beneficiaries by as much 3.36 percent in 2017 and 7.79 percent in as 113.05 percent and 152.58 percent in 2018. Despite the Bird Flu scare in 2017, the 2017 and 2018, respectively. Also, the actual positive performance was attributed to the number of beneficiaries provided with sustained demand from CALABARZON extension services surpassed its targets by and National Capital Region, upgrading as much as 11.46 percent and 25.77 percent from conventional to tunnel ventilation in 2017 and 2018, respectively. system, and strong collaboration with the Additionally, the share of AFF research and private sector. development government budget to total AFF GVA increased by 6.99 percent from Technical services PHP84.10 million in 2017 to PHP89.98 provided increased million in 2018. The harvest area for staple crops provided Growth in labor with technical support services increased, particularly for yellow corn, with 17.71 productivity increased percent and 16.17 percent increase in The labor productivity in the AFF has 2017 and 2018, respectively. On the other increased by 2.70 percent from PHP134,698 hand, the beneficiaries provided with in 2016 to PHP138,331 in 2017. Labor technical support services for livestock, productivity in the AFF increased at an poultry and dairy surpassed its target by as annual average of 7.00 percent since 2010 much as 98.92 percent in 2018. Similarly, consistent to the plan targets of increasing the number of fisherfolks provided with growth in productivity. Table 8.7 Technical Support Services Provided BASELINE TARGET ACTUAL (2016) 2017 2018 2017 2018 Number of Fisherfolk Provided with Production 842 1,525 827 1,182 1,728 Support Increased Number of Group Beneficiaries Provided with Agricultural 96 475 194 1,012 490 and Fishery Machineries and Equipment Increased Number of beneficiaries provided with extension 6,125 10,233 6,827 12,857 services increased Challenges The AFF remains vulnerable to weather the sector is highly susceptible to dry spell disturbances which not only affect the and El Niño phenomena which results to volume of harvested crops and fisheries but damages in crop production and fish kill changes in planting schedules, shifting to due to increase in temperature. other crops, decline in fish unloading and damages in fishery paraphernalia. Likewise, Fisheries production in the Region is also hampered by the depleting fisheries

72 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 resources due to IUU fishing. In 2018, the lower as people were afraid to consume fish. country has been flagged by international Apart from income loss due to the very low organizations to implement sustainable prices of fish and production losses, the fisheries management to allow for spawning eruption has also resulted to displacement of endangered species and reduce stunted of livelihood and income of farmers and growth of fresh water specie leading to fisherfolks. increased and sustained fish production. In addition, the AFF sector is at risk from The livestock and poultry sub-sector is biological hazards such as COVID-19. The prone to losses due to diseases. The poultry pandemic enhanced community quarantine sub-sector was threatened by the Avian Flu affected the food supply chains, food security in 2017 while the livestock sub-sector was and agricultural livelihoods in the Region. affected by the African Swine Fever in 2019. The harvesting activities were affected as The vigilance of the government and private laborers had great difficulty in going to the sector in implementing preventive and farms with the absence of public transport. control measures resulted to maintaining The restriction on transportation affected a positive performance of the livestock the flow of goods resulting to disrupted and poultry sub-sector. However, as the supply chains of agricultural and fisheries livestock and poultry sub-sector remains to commodities. Relatedly, the ECQ led to be the growth drivers of the AFF sector in lower demand for agricultural produce the Region, disease management remains a with the closure of hotels, restaurants and challenge that needs to be addressed. commissaries which are major markets of agricultural and fisheries produce. On the The Taal Volcano eruption during the onset bright side, there is an increased demand for of 2020 spewed ashes that gave off a necrotic healthy fresh farm produce to strengthen effect to the leaves of the fruit bearing trees the immune system and combat the virus. and crops resulting to fruit dropping and death of some crops. On the other hand, the Lastly, the limited data on AFF makes livestock and poultry raisers in lockdown it difficult to estimate the damages barangays were not able to feed their and losses which make planning and animals resulting to sickness and death of projections challenging. During the Taal the animals. Most affected were the chicken Volcano eruption, the reports from the layers, quails and swine which resulted LGUs were under estimated due to the to lower production of poultry eggs, high absence of a database on livestock in the mortality on farms and decreased farm gate affected areas. Validation could not be price of live animals. For the fisheries sub- conducted due to the continued volcanic sector, fish cages were damaged resulting to activity. Likewise, the data on the number fishes being released into the lake. This led of farmers, organizations, area planted to the oversupply of fish and lower prices. and infrastructure are inadequate which The misinformation on the safety of the fish constrains the government in providing caught from the Taal Lake drove prices even appropriate inputs. Action Plan Strategic Framework AFF; and b) increase access to economic opportunities of small farmers and In order to achieve the intermediate fisherfolk. The sector outcomes will be goal of reduced inequality in economic achieved through: a) improved productivity opportunities, the sector outcomes are within ecological limit; and b) increased to a) expand economic opportunities in AFF-based enterprises. Also there must

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 73 be: a) increased in access to value-chains; small farmers and fisherfolks to land and b) increased access to innovative financing; water resources; and d) increased access c) protected and increased access of to technology. Figure 8.1 Strategic Framework to Expand Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries

Targets the 2016 baseline value of 3.4 percent to within 2.8 to 4.5 percent in 2022. The target Over the remaining plan period from 2020 shall be realized by increasing the value of to 2022, the main target is to substantially production in the crops, fisheries, livestock, increase the gross value added in AFF from and poultry sub-sector as well as increasing labor productivity. Table 8.8 Plan Targets to Expand Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2016 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Economic Opportunities in AFF Expanded Growth rate of GVA in AHFF increased 3.4 2.5-40 2.6-4.2 2.8-4.5 DA, PSA (in %, at constant prices) Growth rate of Value of Production (in %, at constant prices) Crops 2.1 Increasing Increasing 2.0-3.0 DA, PSA Fisheries -0.4 Increasing Increasing 3.4-4.0 BFAR, PSA Livestock 7.9 Increasing Increasing 3.0-4.0 DA, PSA Poultry 2.8 Increasing Increasing 2.0-3.0 DA, PSA Access to Economic Opportunities by Small Farmers and Fisherfolk Increased Growth in Labor Productivity of Farmers and 16.8 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA Fisherfolks (in percent, real terms)

74 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 The indicator on increased access to in production performance. The 2020 economic opportunities by small farmers to 2022 target in growth in volume of and fisherfolk through Labor Productivity municipal and aquaculture production was of AFF increased was reformulated to reduced (Table 8.9) as well as the volume of Growth in Labor Productivity of Farmers production of tilapia, bangus and seaweeds and Fisherfolks Increased to best reflect the (Table 8.10). targeted output. The unit of measurement for the target on Similarly, considering the downtrend coconut yield was revised from hectare to performance of the fisheries sector from metric tons per hectare to be consistent 2016 to 2018, the targets in the Results with the data gathered and reported by the Matrix were revised to consider challenges Philippine Coconut Authority. Table 8.9 Target Growth in Volume of Production (in percentage) PREVIOUS REVISED 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Municipal 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Aquaculture 3.00 3.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Table 8.10 Target Volume of Production (‘000 MT, cumulative) PREVIOUS REVISED 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Tilapia 116.99 124.01 131.45 93.06 93.99 94.93 Bangus 81.15 84.40 87.76 45.15 45.60 46.05 Seaweeds 4.42 4.65 4.88 3.34 3.37 3.40

Table 8.11 Target Yield of Coconut (MT/ha, 2020-2022) PREVIOUS (in ha) REVISED (in MT/HA) 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 1,739,030.40 1,825,981.91 1,917,281.01 3.62 3.80 3.99 Strategies strengthened through the implementation of programs and projects that include the Expand economic opportunities following strategies: (a) establishment of climate-resilient small water-impounding in AFF dams in strategic areas for irrigation purposes, especially during El Niño To expand economic opportunities in AFF, episodes; (b) adoption of improved farm there is a need to: a) improve productivity management practices; (c) effective and of the AFF within ecological limit; and efficient management of inputs including b) increase AFF-based enterprise. water; (d) promotion of new technologies AFF productivity within ecological including water-saving and management limit improved technologies (e.g., broadcasting, drip irrigation, alternate wetting, and drying), Resilience of the AFF sector to losses due stress-tolerant seed varieties, animal breeds, to climatic conditions, plant diseases and and fish stocks; and (e) construction of pest infestation need to be strengthened. more climate resilient farm structures. The sector remains vulnerable to changes in climatic conditions which often result In addition, climate change adaptation to losses. The sector’s resilience will be practices, organic agriculture, urban

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 75 agriculture, and will be promoted. tillers, and harvesters), equipment, (e.g., Timely and site-specific weather and mechanical dryers, threshers, and milling climate advisories will be provided using equipment) and fishing technologies advanced information and communication (e.g. fiberglass hull and small engines in technology in order to reach and serve a fishing boats). greater number of stakeholders. Sustained production and disease prevention. Sustainable fisheries management. The The crops sub-sector production shall country has been flagged by international be sustained through rejuvenation and/ organizations to strengthen its fisheries or rehabilitation of old fruit bearing trees, conservation and management intensive fertilization and hybridization. interventions. The following strategies Moreover, promotion of urban agriculture should be further pursued: (a) complete will be intensified though the establishment the delineation, delimitation, and zoning of of community gardens in barangays municipal waters to ensure that municipal with vacant areas where they can plant, fisherfolks are given preferential use and propagate, and produce their own vegetable exclusive access to resources; (b) strengthen requirements. The community gardens may collaborative law enforcement and also serve not only as source of food and management of coastal and marine areas livelihood, but also as additional income for particularly against illegal, unreported, those who will sell their surplus. and unregulated fishing activities; (c) implement closed fishing season that is For fisheries, research facilities such as based on a comprehensive scientific study to level 2 laboratories to cater to the emerging allow for increase in fish stocks; (d) address diseases of fishery products such as issues on invasive non-native/alien species; white spot syndrome virus for prawns/ and (d) improve fisheries database system. shrimps and Tilapia Lake Virus needs to be established. Use of appropriate farm and fishery machinery and equipment. The enactment For the livestock and poultry sub-sectors, of RA 11203, “An Act Liberalizing the government support must be strengthened Importation, Exportation and Trading as the sub-sectors remain to be the growth of Rice, Lifting for the Purpose the driver of the AFF in the Region. The country Quantitative Import Restriction on Rice, has been at its comparative advantage over and for Other Purposes”, is expected to other ASEAN counterparts because our provide support to rice farmers through the geographic location allows us to be less Rice Competitiveness Enhancement Fund prone to animal and avian diseases. Border (RCEF). The RCEF is expected to provide protection through checkpoints must be farm machinery and equipment to improve strengthened and biosecurity, or practices farm operations, rice seed development, that can control the spread of disease- propagation and promotion, expanded rice causing organisms in livestock and poultry, credit, and extension services. must be in place and strictly implemented. Production support services will still be Moreso, local manufacturing and pursued to ensure productivity in the sub- assembly of machinery and equipment for sector such as the Artificial Insemination production, post-harvest, and processing Program and the establishment of activities in AFF will be highly encouraged. multiplier farms or scaled-up version of the Government will intensify information, dispersal program where animal stocks are education and communication activities distributed to the farmers. on available local machinery (e.g., tractors,

76 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 AFF-based enterprises increased access of small farmers and fisherfolks to land and water resources; and d) increase New and innovative production and access to technology. marketing schemes. New forms of linkages such as contract farming and corporate Increase access to value-chains farming which will connect AFF enterprises to markets and other upstream services Strengthened coordination and convergence. will be established. The government can Coordination and convergence among facilitate consolidation of harvest and the Departmetn of Agriculture (DA), identify common production areas to Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), develop and institutionalize new food Department of Science and Technology supply channels to address the challenge on (DOST), Department of Environment and disrupted supply chains. Likewise, mobile Natural Resources (DENR), Department of food banks such as the KADIWA ni Ani Trade and Industry (DTI), DILG, and other at Kita will be replicated to ensure food relevant agencies and local counterparts availability, accessibility and price stability. will be strengthened to further develop The government has to design simplified the agricultural value chain in the Region. procedures for accreditation of “foodlanes” During crisis situation, such coordination for food suppliers to facilitate transport of will intensify farm production and ensure farm and fishery commodities. continuous income for farmers and fisherfolks with unhampered movement Government assistance in forms of of supply and workers involved in the legislated tax holidays or direct buying from agricultural value chain. The strengthened the producers during crisis situations shall coordination shall also ensure effective be established to ease producers of financial price monitoring and enforcement, and burden and allow them to recover faster. information dissemination.

Provide non-farm livelihood options to Similarly, coordination and partnership seasonal farm and fishery workers. The with the local government units and the government will continue to implement private sectors will be strengthened to community-based employment programs facilitate implementation of regulations and as alternative income sources during off- interventions to sustain production and season to reduce vulnerability of farmers improve income of the AFF stakeholders. and fisherfolks’ income. Seasonal workers will also be trained on off-farm and non- Strengthening Monitoring. Monitoring the farm activities to enable them to take commodities produced, area harvested, advantage of alternative employment and registered farmers and fisherfolks opportunities including their involvement will be strengthened to provide accurate in the development of agri-tourism. information to decision makers. Moreover, price monitoring during crises will ensure Increase access to economic compliance with the Price Act protecting both the producers and consumers. opportunities by small farmers and fisherfolks For fisheries, strengthened monitoring To increase access to economic will be the basis for the implementation opportunities by small farmers and of necessary interventions on sustained fisherfolks, there is a need to: a) increase production such as closed fishing season access to value-chains; b) increase access to and establishment of fish sanctuaries. innovative financing; c) protect and increase

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 77 Establishment of Database System. ventures; and b) build the entrepreneurial Strengthened monitoring will provide mindset among our farmers and fishers, for the establishment of a local database consecutively. Eligible borrowers may system which can support decision making finance their production, working capital and validate monitoring reports especially and farm machinery requirements during a crisis. Such reports can be used through these ACPC programs. Further, to estimate damages and losses and identify the Survival and Recovery (SURE) Loan appropriate interventions. Assistance Program continues to provide loan assistance to small farmers and Clustering of farmers and fisherfolk. Small fishers in times of calamities and other farmers and fisherfolks will be organized environmental or market shocks, to help into clusters to create economies of scale. them regain their capacity to continue their Social preparation such as organization- agricultural activities. building and management will be conducted among smallholder farmers and Among others, SURE was deployed fisherfolk who are not yet organized into through the SURE Aid Taal for small associations and cooperatives. Successful farmers and fishers affected by the eruption clustering models will be replicated and of Taal Volcano, which comes in two land consolidation/contiguous farming forms: a) emergency loan assistance up to schemes will be encouraged to increase PHP25,000 for immediate and basic needs productivity and farmers’ income Efforts such as food and medicine; and b) loan to integrate them into larger agribusiness recovery assistance up to P150,000 for the enterprises and institutional buyers will also rehabilitation of the agri-fishery projects be pursued. of eligible small farmers and fishers. Furthermore, in relation to the adverse Continued Palay Procurement. Theeffects of the ECQ due to COVID-19 to government to continue procuring palay or the incomes of marginalized, small farmers unmilled rice from the farmers at a higher and fishers (MSFF) and agri-fishery based price compared to the price offered by micro and small enterprises (MSEs), traders to help local producers of rice cope the Expanded SURE Aid and Recovery with falling prices due to the implementation Project has been in the works aiming to: of the Rice Tariffication Law. The procured a) provide loan assistance to MSFF to local rice stocks will serve as buffer stock finance their emergency and production allowing the government to respond to capital requirements; and b) provide calamities and emergencies. working capital loan to agri-fishery based MSEs engaged in agriculture and fisheries Increase access to innovative financing food production, delivery of produce/ products/commodities and other supply Provide easy, fast, accessible, and affordable chain activities to ensure the availability of loan packages. Minimum requirements and food supply. simplified procedures will be in place so that farmers and fisherfolks can easily avail Improving the awareness and access of small of the financial assistance from government. farmers and fisherfolk on risk insurance. Existing agricultural financing programs, The sector is highly vulnerable to various such as the Kapital Access for Young risks but farmers and fisherfolks have Agripreneurs and the Agri-Negosyo Loan limited knowledge on how to be insured. Program, were launched in response to As such, innovative agricultural insurance urgent sectoral needs to: a) encourage the schemes such as weather index-based youth to engage in agriculture and fisheries and area-based yield index insurance will

78 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 be promoted through the assistance of advanced and emerging technologies such the local government units. Agricultural as biotechnology, genomics, bioinformatics, insurance of subsistence farmers and nanotechnology, and ICT as tools to find fisherfolks to cover crop, livestock, fisheries science and technology solutions to AFF and non-crop agricultural asset will be problems or to develop new products with made more accessible to provide protection significant impact to the sector. from losses arising from natural calamities, plant diseases and pest infestations of crops. The following will also remain R&D Also, considering that the various sub- priorities: (a) development of climate- sectors of the AFF are all vulnerable to and disaster-responsive technologies and hazards and climatic conditions, insurance innovations; (b) development of fishery must be available without prejudice to culture system for species with high market include other non-crop agricultural potential; and (c) improvement of fishery assets such as the livestock, poultry and culture for traditional species. unharvested fisheries stock. Enhance capacity of small farmers Protect and increase access of small and fisherfolk to adopt better and new farmers and fisherfolks to land and technologies. This will ensure that R&D water resources findings and available technologies will be successfully adopted in the ground. Revisit Section 20 of the Local Government Information dissemination and capacity Code (RA 7160) which authorizes LGUs to building of both extension workers and reclassify agricultural lands for other uses. farmers must be continuously strengthened. This law does not include any provision for The local government units, through the sanctions or penalties for LGUs that have OPA and MAOs can assist in engaging reclassified agricultural lands more than the farmers and fisherfolks to regular meetings allowable limit (i.e., 15 percent for highly to provide updates on the new programs urbanized cities, 10 percent for component and projects of the government. cities, and 5 percent for 4th – 6th class municipalities). The passing of the National Trainings can also serve as venue to Land Use Act will pave the way for LGUs showcase success stories, best practices to establish baseline information on their and introduce non-conventional farming various land types to serve basis for land methods to encourage more investors in the classification and regulate land conversion. AFF especially the youth and the retirees. Existing programs such as Farmer’s Field Increase access to technology School will be strengthened and farmers will be encouraged to participate to be informed Increase investments in R&D for production on the latest technologies and practices for and post-harvest technologies. This aims to improving productivity such as the use of reduce losses, maintain quality and food Certified and Hybrid seeds. safety, and increase the value of agricultural and fishery commodities (e.g., ice-making Technologies crucial during calamities and storage technologies). Investments will and hazardous events shall be promoted be increased to cover the direct cost for R&D, such as the digital applications to improve build a critical mass of human resources mobility and essential supply chains, and and improve infrastructure in support of geo-locations for quick response. the Harmonized National R&D Agenda for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources 2017-2022. This agenda espouses the use of

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 79 Major Programs and Projects The government will implement the for 2020-2022 and subsequently expand following programs and projects that economic opportunities in the AFF sector: will support the attainment of the targets

SECTOR PROGRAMS/PROJECTS Crops • Rice Program • Coconut Fertilization Project • Corn Program • Kaanib Coco Agro-Industrial Hub • HVCDP Program • Accelerated Coconut Planting & Replanting • Organic Agriculture Program • Palay Procurement • Philippine Rural Development Project • Sagip Saka • Kaanib Enterprise Development Project • Crop Diversification Program Fisheries • Fisheries Development Program • National Inland Fisheries Enhancement • Fisheries Regulatory & Law Enforcement Program Program (NIFEP) • Fisheries Extension Program • Malinis at Masaganang Karagatan (MMK) • Fisheries Policy Program Livestock Livestock Program Poultry Poultry Program Credit • Production Loan Easy Access • COVID Expanded Survival and • Farm Machinery Loan Easy Access R e c o v e r y A s s i s t a n c e P r o g r a m f o r R i c e • Working Capital Loan Easy Access Farmers/SURE Aid Program • Survival and Recovery Loan Assistance Program • Farm Tourism Financing Program • Sikat Saka Program • Rice Farmers Financial Assistance Program Insurance • Rice Insurance Program • Livestock Insurance Program • Corn Insurance Program • Fisheries Insurance Program • High Value Crops Insurance Program • Expanded Agriculture Insurance Program Marketing • Enhancement of online transactions and deliveries, as well as the improvement of digital connectivity and internet services • Create digital palengke or supermarkets in partnership with transportation network vehicle service and delivery companies • Establish and promote online public market system, mobile marketplaces, rolling stores, and foodbanks • Upscaling of KADIWA ni Ani at Kita Direct Marketing Program Research and R&D programs on: Development • Capacity and Needs Assessment of Health Care Facilities, Especially Government Hospitals to Manage Health Care Wastes • Assessment of Existing Technologies or Processes on Waste Storage and Treatment to Manage New Viruses • Early Detection and Rapid Response to Manage New Viruses and Other Organisms, and its Relationship to the Environment Research, Development & Extension and commercialization of safe, nutritious, medicinal/therapeutic, and well-packaged agri-food products Balik Scientist Others • Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program • Urban Gardening (conduct of online lectures and provision of start-up kits) • Community Gardening Projects (in collaboration with LGUs and cooperatives) • Capacity building and IEC projects on food safety awareness • Review and development of regulatory measures and standards • Streamlining FDA processes for certification and roll out of developed technologies and products • Information, Education, and Communication campaigns on food safety measures and healthy dietary habits

80 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE National Land Use Bill The National Land Use Act (NaLUA) aims to ensure the sustainable and efficient use of the country’s land and physical resources. Under the NaLUa, prime agricultural lands shall be protected, thereby, ensuring the viability and sustainability of on-farm employment and rural development. The definition of prime agricultural lands in the NaLUa should represent a sogcially acceptable minimum agricultural land requirement that would maintain a certain level of agricultural industry in a given or spatial context at a given point in time. Establishment of the Coconut The creation of a Coconut Farmers and Industry Trust Fund aims to consolidate all assets Farmers and Industry Trust Fund and benefits emanating from the coconut levy and create a Fund to exclusively benefit coconut farmers and farmworkers. Formulation of measures to properly manage, utilize and oversee the use of Coco Levy fund is needed. Strengthening of the Philippine The proposed bill aims to reorganize the state-owned corporation and increase its Crop Insurance Corporation authorized capitalization from PHP2 Billion to PHP10 Billion. This will allow the PCIC (PCIC) as the implementing agency of the government’s agricultural insurance program, to increase its’ absorptive capacity so that it can extend insurance coverage to large number of small farmers and fisherfolks that are interested to go into food production by providing enough safeguards and protection from losses due to natural disasters, pests and diseases endemic to crops, mortality of livestock caused by accidents or diseases, and destruction of non-crop agricultural assets due to acts of God including damages to aqua-culture/fisheries. Magna Carta for Young Farmers This measure aims to promote and protect the rights of young farmers between the ages of 15 and 35 years old, establish programs for young farmers, and institutionalize young farmers’ representation in the agricultural decision-making and policy-making processes. This would address the declining interest of the youth on agriculture and fisheries. Strengthening the Agricultural The bill aims for an overhaul of the Agri-Agra Reform Credit Act of 2009 (R.A. No. 10000) and Rural Financing System in by providing for a holistic approach that takes into account the broader agriculture the Philippines financing ecosystem and rural community development requirements. The RA No. 10000 mandates banks to allot at least 10 percent of total loanable funds for agrarian reform beneficiaries and 15 percent for farmers and fisherfolk. Amendments to this law will allow banks to merge their loan allocation to the farm sector as a measure to improve their compliance rates.

Chapter 8 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | 81 82 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 83 84 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services

This Chapter assesses the performance of the industry and services sector, identifies key challenges that constrain the development of the sector and lays down strategies to address the challenges and achieve expanded economic opportunities in industry and services.

Assessment and Challenges Economic opportunities Manufacturing is mainly driven by the electronics industry making the Region in industry and services the “Silicon Valley of the Philippines” (I&S) expanded with big-name locators such as Panasonic, Matsushita, Samsung, TDK-Fujitsu, GVA in industry increased Toshiba, Mitsui, Philips, Hitachi, Sanyo- Epson, NEC, Music, Temic, Uniden, I-Max, The industry sector remains the economic Lite-On, and Clarion. driver of CALABARZON, accounting for 62.3 percent of the Region’s economy. The Also present in the Region are food, industry’s output accelerated growth from beverage, and tobacco, machinery 3.6 percent in 2016 to 7.9 percent in 2018 (including electrical machinery), exceeding the high target of 7 percent with metal and non-metallic, chemical and a GVA of PHP901.44 Billion. Industry pharmaceuticals, textile, and automotive output was driven largely by the sustained sub-industries. The Region is also the home performance of the manufacturing sub- of automotive assemblers in the country sector which grew from 3.7 percent in 2016 such as Ford, Honda, Isuzu, Mitsubishi, to 8.0 percent in 2018. The fast growth rate Nissan, and Toyota, which are mostly registered by the construction sub-sector located in the province of Laguna. Thus, also contributed to the overall output of the Laguna is dubbed as the automotive capital industry sector. or “the Detroit of the Philippines.”

Manufacturing GVA as a proportion Steel Asia located a major steel manufacturing of GRDP increased operation in Lemery, Batangas, has solidified the position of Batangas as a Manufacturing GVA in 2018 stood at major industrial hub complementing its PHP842.44 billion, an increase of PHP role as the petrochemical center of the 116.373 billion from 2016’s PHP 726.07 country. Steel and petrochemicals are billion GVA. Manufacturing accounts among the most important indicators of for 4.1 percentage points of the 7.3 percent heavy industrialization. growth of the CALABARZON economy.

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 85 Table 9.1 Industry and Services Target and Actual Growth Rates, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 BASELINE 2017 2018 (2016) TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL GVA in Industry 3.7 5.0-7.0 7.8 5.2-7.0 7.9 GVA in Services 7.2 6.0-7.6 6.0 6.1-7.7 7.1 Manufacturing GVA as a 53.2 increasing 53.5 increasing 53.9 proportion of GRDP Source: PSA Region IV-A Table 9.2 Gross Regional Domestic Product in the Industry Sector, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 OUTPUT (‘000) SECTOR BASELINE (2016) 2017 2018 Industry 836,700,049 901,436,149 973,201,658 Mining and Quarrying 2,648,823 2,676,401 2,769,495 Manufacturing 726,067,511 779,303,425 842,437,003 Construction 62,483,768 72,408,093 79,148,432 Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 45,499,947 47,048,230 48,846,728 Growth Rate (%) Industry 3.6 7.8 7.9 Mining and Quarrying -1.8 1.0 3.5 Manufacturing 3.7 7.4 8.0 Construction 1.0 15.6 9.5 Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 6.7 3.4 3.9 Source: PSA Region IV-A

The construction subsector significantly Despite the 0.2 percent decline in growth increased from 2016 to 2017 due to rate, real estate, renting and business residential construction and vast public activities sub-sector contributed 9.0 percent infrastructure projects like the Cavite- share to the GRDP and 27.0 percent of the Laguna Expressway and SLEX Toll Road services sector output. 4. Likewise, mining and quarrying, and electricity, gas and water supply were able to Manufacturing employment as a expand from 2016 onwards. proportion of total employment slightly decreased GVA in services is within the target Manufacturing is the major source of The industry sector remains the economic employment in the industry sector at 60 The services sector slowed down from 7.2 percent and accounts for 16.6 percent in percent growth in 2016 to 6 percent in 2017 2018 of the Regional employment. then rebounded to 7.1 percent in 2018 but still within the target. Employment generated from industry increased The services sector accounts for 32.9 percent of the Gross Regional Domestic Product The industry sector employs 27.5 percent (GRDP) in 2018 slightly decreasing its of the total employed in the Region. The share from 33.2 percent in 2016. The slight employment in industry recorded an decrease may be attributed to the increase increase of 63,000 from 2016 to 2018, due in share of the Industry Sector.

86 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 9.3 Gross Regional Domestic Product in the Services Sector, CALABARZON, 2016-2018. OUTPUT (‘000) SECTOR BASELINE (2016) 2017 2018 Service 453,413,752 480,528,716 5 14,644,480 Transport, Storage & Communication 91,486,723 94,911,531 99,214,592 Trade and Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles, 103,733,090 107,904,495 1 14,113,623 Personal & Household Goods Financial Intermediation 52,572,153 56,479,741 61,439,169 Real Estate, Renting & Business Activities 121,736,010 130,126,008 1 37,959,712 Public Administration & Defense, Compulsory 16,447,111 17,918,810 20,688,545 Social Security Other Services 67,438,665 73,188,130 81,228,839 Growth Rate (%) Service 7.3 6.0 7.1 Transport, Storage & Communication 6.6 3.7 4.5 Trade and Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles, 6.1 4.0 5.8 Personal & Household Goods Financial Intermediation 8.4 7.4 8.8 Real Estate, Renting & Business Activities 7.2 6.9 6.0 Public Administration & Defense, Compulsory 7.4 8.9 15.5 Social Security Other Services 9.3 8.5 11.0 Source: PSA Region IV-A to steady increase in employment generated the other hand are also employed mostly by new locators in the various industrial in manufacturing. parks/economic zone and infrastructure logistics. Employment generation and Employment generated from facilitation initiatives by government services increased and the academe also contributed to increased employment. The services sector employed 63.6 percent of the total employed in 2018 making it the There are more male workers employed in largest source of employment in the the industry, most of which are in manufacturing Region. Employment in the services sector and construction subsectors. Women on had an upward trend. Table 9.4 Employment Generated in the Industry Sector, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016 2017 2018 NO. NO. (IN NO. (IN % % % (IN ‘000) ‘000) ‘000) Industry 1,564 1,514 1,626 Mining and Quarrying 6 0.36 12 0.77 6 0.36 Manufacturing 955 61.09 928 61.30 982 60.36 Electricity, gas, steam and airconditioning 17 1.09 17 1.15 24 1.45 supply Water supply, sewerage, waste management 6 0.36 17 1.15 12 0.73 and remediation activities Construction 580 37.09 539 35.63 603 37.09 Note: Numbers may not sum to total because of rounding Source: PSA Region IV-A

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 87 From 2016 to 2018, Wholesale and Retail 14.3 percent of males were employed in Trade recorded the highest percentage Transport and Storage. Males were mainly share in employment generation. In 2018, employed in Wholesale and Retail Trade 30.5 percent of females were employed and Transport and Storage. in the Wholesale and Retail Trade while Table 9.5 Employment Generated in the Services Sector, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016 2017 2018 NO. NO. NO. % % % (IN ‘000) (IN ‘000) (IN ‘000) Services 3,560 3,747 3,749 Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor 1166 32.75 1288 34.37 1224 32.65 Vehicles, Motorcycles Transport and Storage 500 14.06 481 12.85 514 13.72 Accommodation and Food Service Activities 330 9.27 336 8.98 325 8.68 Information and Communication 74 2.08 75 2.01 83 2.21 Financial and Insurance Activities 85 2.4 87 2.32 106 2.84 Real Estate Activities 57 1.6 52 1.39 59 1.58 Professional, Scientific and Technical 45 1.28 58 1.55 59 1.58 Activities Administrative and Support Service Activities 256 7.19 284 7.59 313 8.36 Public Admnistration and Defence, 245 6.87 261 6.97 266 7.1 Compulsory Social Services Education 182 5.11 180 4.8 183 4.89 Human, Health and Social Work Activities 85 2.4 87 2.32 83 2.21 Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 80 2.24 93 2.48 101 2.68 Other Service Actitivities 455 12.78 464 12.38 432 11.51 Source: PSA Region IV-A Table 9.6 Employment Generated in the Industry Subsectors by Sex (in ‘000), CALABARZON, 2016-2017 MALE FEMALIE

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

Industry 1067 1056 1160 498 457 468 Mining and Quarrying 7 10 7 0 0 0 Manufacturing 479 487 536 478 440 447 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning 10 14 17 5 7 5 supply Water supply; sewerage, waste management 7 14 10 14 10 2 and remediation activities Construction 565 531 591 0 0 12 Note: Numbers may not sum to total because of rounding Source: PSA Region IV-A Table 9.7 Employment Generated in the Services Subsector by Sex, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 MALE FEMALE 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 Services 1,766 1,885 1,855 1,798 1,862 1,952 Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor 476 531 470 690 756 750 Vehicles, Motorcycles

88 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 MALE FEMALE 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 Transport and Storage 479 464 494 22 19 22 Accommodation and Food Service Activities 148 166 149 183 172 179 Information and Communication 46 51 55 26 24 29 Financial and Insurance Activities 36 34 45 50 53 61 Real Estate Activities 26 24 28 34 27 34 Professional, Scientific and 20 30 28 26 27 34 Technical Activities Administrative and Support Service Activities 164 183 187 94 104 128 Public Admnistration and Defence, 141 149 145 103 111 120 Compulsory Social Services Education 46 51 55 132 128 177 Human, Health and Social Work Activities 30 30 31 55 60 54 Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 46 54 59 36 36 44 Other Service Actitivities 108 118 111 346 345 317 Note: Numbers may not sum to total because of rounding Source: PSA Region IV-A Local and foreign with Cargill, an international commodities conglomerate, are focused on the domestic investments increased market which is expected to continue to grow at over 6 percent annually. Cargill Joy Economic zones significantly provide Poultry Meats Production, Inc. (C-Joy) is employment and growth in the Region. A programmed to produce 45 million dressed total of 55 economic zones were located in and marinated chickens per year and will CALABARZON (Figure 9.1). Among these, generate some 1,000 new jobs. 35 are Manufacturing Special Economic Zones (MSEZ), 9 are IT Centers, 6 are IT The establishment of SteelAsia’s Parks, 1 is a Medical Tourism Park (MTP), manufacturing facility in Barangay 2 are Tourism Economic Zones (TEZ) and Malabanban Sur, Candelaria, Quezon will 2 are Agro-Industrial Economic Zones play a significant role in the development (AIEZ). Laguna province has 19 economic of Quezon province as this will provide jobs zones which is the highest among the and economic opportunities. SteelAsia provinces. Majority of MSEZ are located in will be putting up the first and the best Laguna, Cavite and Batangas. modern wire-rod manufacturing facility in Despite a possible slowdown in the global the country. economy because of the uncertainties resulting from the trade war between the US Total approved and China and the possibility of a No-Deal investments decreased Brexit, investments are expected to continue pouring into the CALABARZON because of The Region’s total approved investments major infrastructure development such as continued to decline in 2018 achieving road and railway networks, ports, bridges, only 58.97 percent or PhP43.25 billion of and other infrastructures. the PhP73.34 billion target. The PhP36.31 decline in approved investment may Many investments being planned be attributed to the investors’ attitude particularly in Batangas, such as the biggest towards the policy direction of the current poultry project of Jollibee in partnership administration, particularly the impending

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 89 Figure 9.1 CALABARZON Economic Zones

passage of the TRAIN 2 or Trabaho Bill. Despite the decrease in approved local and Package 2 of the TRAIN Law. The repeal of foreign investment in the Region, Philippine exemption from national and local taxes of Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) data establishments operating within the Ecozone showed an increase in approved investment may have prompted existing investors in the province of Cavite which tripled the to withhold their expansion plans while approved investment from PhP4.17 billion incoming investors hold their investments in 2017 to PhP16.55 billion in 2018 while in abeyance. The decrease in local and the province of Rizal had 37.18 percsent foreign investment is also associated with increase in approved investment from the more competitive investment packages PhP0.95 billion in 2017 to PhP1.3 billion in other countries like Cambodia, Vietnam, in 2018. The increase may be attributed to and China, which are making them more the opening of new zones and expansion by attractive to foreign investors. Given this existing investors. Meanwhile, significant circumstance, the government’s outlook decreases in approved investment were towards TRAIN LAW Package 2, and the observed in Quezon, Laguna, and Batangas investors’ attitude towards the government’s with 100, 57.34, and 49.06 percent decrease, policy direction, it is expected for local and respectively. The decrease, according to foreign investments in the Region to further PEZA, may be attributed to the fact that decline in the coming years if the business investments may have almost, if not, already climate remains at status quo. peaked in the existing ecozones especially in Batangas and Laguna. If no new ecozone If no new ecozone will be established and will be established and if pending expansion if pending expansion proposals in the proposals in the pipeline remain dormant, a pipeline remain dormant, a declining trend declining trend will be expected. will be expected, which may eventually affect production. Industrial park/economic zones increased their direct employment by 5.17 percent

90 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 9.8 Merchandise Exports, Total Approved Investments and Domestic Sales in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016 2017 2018 TARGET Merchandise Exports (US$) increasing 5% increase 5% increase 25,196 27,528 Total Approved Investments (PhP M) increasing 5% increase 5% increase 83,433.80 73,341.32 Number of employment increased from industrial park/economic zone increasing 5% increase 5% increase and IT parks/BPO industrial parks developed- Public 487,840 515,796 Merchandise Exports (US$) 23,996.50 26,217.32 28,627.24 Total Approved Investments (PhP M) 79,460.80 69,484.88 43,248.91 Number of employment increased from industrial park/economic zone 464,267 491,234 516,634 and IT parks/BPO industrial parks developed- Public PERCENTAGE CHANGE Merchandise Exports (US$) 4.37 9.25 9.19 Total Approved Investments (PhP M) (25.27) (12.55) (37.76) Number of employment increased from industrial park/economic zone 5.81 5.17 and IT parks/BPO industrial parks developed- Public employing additional 25,400 persons, the arrival of the holy relic of St. Padre surpassing the target for 2018. The increase Pio on the last quarter of the year boosted may be attributed to a number of factors the number of same-day and overnight including (1) good business climate in the visitors in Batangas by 68 percent and 69 Region, (2) status of peace and order in percent respectively. the Region, and (3) provision of technical assistance by government agencies like The volume of same-day visitors in 2018 PEZA, the Department of Labor and reached 51,237 which grew by 96.65 percent Employment, and the Department of Trade from 26,043 in 2016 (Table 9.9). Targets and Industry. for overall same day visitors and overnight tourists were exceeded by 130.10 percent The robust performance in employment and 69.82 percent, respectively. Rizal had the and exports reflects stable operation of highest number of same day visitors while locators in the economic zones. This Batangas recorded the highest number of accomplishment may be attributed to the overnight visitors in 2018. good business climate in the Region. The increase in number of tourists may Competitiveness, be attributed to (1) the completion and construction of tourism roads that enhanced innovations and access and connectivity to more tourist resilience increased destinations, (2) increased compliance of tourism arrival data submission by LGU Domestic tourists continue to be the counterparts, (3) market and product biggest contributor to the tourist arrivals development program, (4) private and in the Region. Overnight domestic tourists public stakeholder linkages development, increased by 45.95 percent from 2017 to (5) intensified promotions of tourism 2018 while same-day visitors grew by 82.56 establishments, and (6) long weekends percent from 2017 to 2018. Faith tourism and holidays. alone accounted for 9 million same-day arrivals during the Holy Week. Moreover, The accredited tourism establishments continue to increase during the three year

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 91 period. (Table 9.9). Growth was propelled by in the number of rooms during the same policy initiative1 and aggressive campaign period. The positive performance was due of the government in coordination with to massive implementation of RA 9593 or LGUs, to extend the accreditation validity Tourism Act 2009. The law requires all period for travel and tour agencies and primary tourism establishments to secure star-rated accommodation enterprises DOT accreditation before applying for (Hotel and resorts). mayor’s permit.

The number of DOT accreditedThe targeted number of employees employed establishments also exceeded the target for by DOT accredited establishments was 2017 and 2018, with corresponding increase achieved and posted an increased of 1.68 percent from 2016 to 2017 due to increase 1 Memorandum Circular No 2015-06 and 2016-03 of part-time employees. was implemented to extend the accreditation validity period from 1 year to 2 years Table 9.9 Target and Actual Tourism Data, CALABARZON, 2016-2019 BASELINE 2017 2018 (2016) TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL Same day visitors ('000) 26,043 22,048 26,815 22,268 51,237 Number of overnight visitors 5,095 4,380 5,131 4,410 7,489 increased (‘000) Number of accredited 227 211 288 221 309 tourism establishments Number of rooms from DOT accredited 3,847 3,300 3,502 3,350 4,496 accommodation establishments Number of employees employed by DOT 5,934 5,000 7,033 5,100 7,151 accredited establishments Source:DOT Region IV-A Market access improved and interagency collaboration among SUCs and DepEd. The percentage of consumer Exports increased complaints resolved reached 92 percent or an increase of 15 percent from 2016 to The amount of exports increased by US$4.6 2017 but slightly declined to 91 percent in Billion from 2016 to 2018 and exceeded 2018. However, overall accomplishment the target. The increase in export sales was still exceeded the 85 percent target. This is driven by ecozone establishments meeting attributed to the establishment of consumer their respective targets. welfare desks in major supermarkets and groceries. In addition, the number of Consumer access to safe & quality firms/customers provided with testing and goods & services ensured calibration services also increased from 1,011 in 2016 to 4,943 in 2018, more than The targeted level of consumer awareness the targeted 5 percent increase. The increase and satisfaction of quality goods and was due to the maintenance of high customer services in 2018 was achieved. satisfaction rating through delivery of The number of consumer awareness and services within the agreed timeframe, advocacy initiatives undertaken increased maintenance of laboratory personnel by 22.5 percent from 200 in 2017 to 245 in proficiency certification for accuracy of 2018 due to the collaboration with radio test samples, and the maintenance of the and local television stations, involvement ISO 17025 accreditation of the testing and of schools in consumer advocacy program calibration laboratories.

92 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Access to production Productivity, efficiency and networks improved resiliency improved The establishment of Negosyo Centers in Number of barangay micro business all provinces, cities, and municipalities entrerprises registered increased from 2,126 aims to promote ease of doing business in 2017 to 2,656 in 2018 (BMBE Law). and facilitate access to services such as However, the number of small-enterprise business registration assistance, business technology upgrading program (SETUP) advisory services, business information beneficiaries decreased from 61 in 2017 to and advocacy, and monitoring, evaluation 54 in 2018 because of budget insufficiency to and recommendation of business-process support the financing assistance to approved improvement for MSMEs. projects under the Program. The increase in market price value of technological There are 36 Negosyo Centers established equipment needed for S&T intervention has and 72 centers maintained in 2018. driven the cost of the projects beyond the required financing assistance. Access to finance improved Challenges The number of credit cooperatives catering The following are the challenges obtaining to micro-financing needs of MSMEs grew in the industry sector: by 94.4 percent, increasing from 18 in 2016 to 35 in 2018. The positive performance • readiness of capacities to seize was attributed to the following: a) mass opportunities in the supply chain due to media exposure including the social media; the ASEAN integration including free b) National Government Agency (NGA) trade agreements with Korea and China and LGU assistance to cooperatives; c) • impact of the TRAIN 2 law on rationalizing Cooperative Development Authority the incentive scheme for corporations (CDA) partnership with other NGAs like • weak link of MSMEs as suppliers DAR, DTI, DA, and NCIP, among others; of inputs to multi-national and big d) fora on cooperatives in all provinces; d) establishments that dominate the duly registered cooperatives which do not manufacturing subsector transact any business with non-members • limited responsiveness and relevance or the general public are not subject to of current education curricula any taxes and fees imposed under the to labor market demands and internal revenue laws and other tax laws industry requirements (Art. 60, RA 9520); and e) the Transport • volatility in foreign exchange rates and Modernization Program. financial markets that continue to pose a challenge to export-oriented industries

Table 9.10 Number of Negosyo Centers Established per Province per Year, 2015-2018 NO. OF NEGOSYO CENTERS ESTABLISHED PROVINCE TOTAL 2015 2016 2017 2018 Batangas 3 3 9 10 25 Cavite 2 7 6 9 24 Laguna 3 4 8 7 22 Quezon 2 3 6 10 21 Rizal 2 6 8 0 16 TOTAL 12 23 37 36 108

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 93 Table 9.11 Consumer Awareness and Access to Economic Opportunities, CALABARZON, 2016 - 2018 2016 2017 2018 ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL Consumer access to safe & quality goods & services Increased level of consumer awareness and satisfaction of 62% increasing 69% quality goods and services Percentage of consumer complaints resolved within the 80% 80% 92% 85% 91% prescribed time - mediation (10 days) and arbitration (20 days) Number of consumer awareness and advocacy initiatives 200 200 230 200 245 undertaken Number of consumer education, information and n.d. n/a n/a 6 8 communication materials produced Number of clients/ customers provided with testing and 1,011 5% 3,560 5% 4,943 calibration services increased increase increase Access to production networks Number of Go-Negosyo centers established 23 36 37 36 36 Number of Go-Negosyo centers maintained 12 35 35 72 72

• impact of local policies regulating the for hospital beds, construction materials use of plastic and styro products on the for quarantine facilities, and canning petrochemicals industry for food production; and • protracted business permitting process • Paper, rubber, and plastic products and approvals for gloves, medical paraphernalia, • impact of reduced production capacities packaging for food, and and disruption in supply chains from the materials for temporary quarantine/ effects of pandemics, natural calamities isolation facilities and climate change (Taal Volcanic • increased need for non-essential but Eruption and COVID 19) complementary goods such as electrical • termination of employees due machinery (wires and wirings, batteries, to business closures and income and lighting fixtures) for health-related loss/foregone facilities and other equipment. Non- • loss of or reduced employment electrical machinery will be needed also opportunities to support farm mechanization. • closure of small and microenterprises • increased need for MSMEs to undertake especially owned by Filipinos business continuity planning, capacity • low purchasing power and limited building (e.g., digital skills, digitalizing buying capacity of individuals due to operations, knowledge transfer and loss of job, bankruptcy etc. information sharing, and mentoring) to • redirected production to increase supply strengthen resiliency to disruptions of essential goods and intermediate • increased need for ecozone locators and inputs. This would include, for example: developers to have Business Continuity • wearing apparel for medical gowns Plans in case of fortuitous events or and masks; national emergencies • chemical products for drugs and medicines, disinfectants like alcohol, The following are the challenges obtaining soaps, cleaning agents, as well in the services sector: as fertilizers; • Metal fabrication and wood products • insufficient human capital equipped with

94 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 the necessary skills for IT-BPM political instability, security and pandemic • implementation of the progress or health issues like Covid 19 accreditation system, a new policy and • tourism facilities in the Taal Volcano the ASEAN accreditation standards Island will not be allowed and this • lack of LGU tourism master plans will displace workers (tour guides, • traffic congestion leading to horsemen, vendors, boatmen, fishermen, tourist destinations farmers, etc) • limited capacity to supply the new • decrease in tourism arrivals and services required by ecozone locators revenue loss of tourism MSMEs due such as machine calibration, water to the COVID-19 pandemic and Taal testing, telecommunications financial, Volcano eruption transportations, logistics and storage • perceived lack of knowledge on emergency services, that may bring an impressive and disaster response concepts in growth of service sector tourism industry • IT/BPM industry dependence to the • need for support service for performance of foreign markets and tourism industry and disaster- its susceptibility to market shocks resilient infrastructures and uncertainties • tourism related enterprises are vulnerable to external factors like natural calamities, Action Plan Strategic Framework

Figure 9.2 Strategic framework to Expand Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 95 Targets

Table 9.12 Plan Targets to Expand Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2016 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Economic Opportunities in I&S Expanded Gross Value Added (GVA) in industry increased 3.70% 5.6-7.1 5.8-7.1 6.0-7.2 DTI, PSA GVA in services increased 7.20% 6.3-7.8 6.4-7.9 6.5-8.0 PSA Manufacturing GVA as a proportion of 53.20% Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA GRDP increased Employment generated from industry 1,565 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA increased ('000) Male 1,067 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA Female 498 Increasing and Increasing and Increasing and PSA comprised at comprised at comprised at least 40% least 40% least 40% GVA growth rate in the services sector 7.3 Increasing Increasing Increasing DTI improved (%) Growth in Labor Productivity of Farmers and 16.8 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA Fisherfolks (in percent, real terms) Tourism GVA as proportion of GDP n.d. Increasing Increasing Increasing DOT increased (%) Manufacturing employment as a proportion of 16.8 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA total employment Employment generated from services increased 3,569 Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA ('000) Tourism employment as a proportion to total n.d. n.d. DOT employment (%) Sub-sector Outcome 1.1

Total approved investments increased (PhP M) 79,460.80 5% 5% 5% PEZA, DTI- increase increase increase BOI. PSA Number of employment increased from 464.27 5% 5% 5% PEZA industrial park/economic zone and IT parks/BPO increase increase increase industrial parks developed- Public Sub-sector Outcome 1.2 Number of same day visitors increased (‘ 000) 26,043 22,716 22,943 23,172 DOT, LGUs Number of overnight visitors increased (‘000) 5,095 4,470 4,500 4530 DOT, LGUs

Number of accredited tourism establishments 227 244 256 269 DOT, LGUs

Number of rooms from DOT accredited 3847 3,450 3,500 TBD DOT, LGUs accommodation establishments Number of employees employed by DOT 5,934 5,300 5,400 5,500 DOT, LGUs accredited establishments Sub-sector Outcome 1.3

Exports increased (US$ M) 23,996.50 5% 5% 5% PEZA increase increase increase Sub-sector Outcome 1.4

Increased level of consumer awareness and - Increasing Increasing TBD DTI satisfaction of quality goods and services Percentage of consumer complaints resolved 80% 96% TBD TBD DTI within the prescribed time - mediation (10 days) and arbitration (20 days)

96 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2016 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Number of consumer awareness and advocacy 200 200 TBD TBD DTI initiatives undertaken Number of consumer education, information and n.d. 6 TBD TBD DTI communication materials produced Number of clients/ customers provided with 1,011 5% 5% 5% DOST testing and calibration services increased increase increase increase Access to Economic Opportunities in I&S for MSMEs, Cooperatives and OFs increased

Proportion of small-scale industries to n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD DTI total industries Sub-sector Outcome 2.1 Number of MSMEs participating in global n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD DTI value chains Number of MSMEs/Cooperatives integrated into n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD DTI corporate value chains increased Number of Go-Negosyocenters established 23 20 TBD TBD DTI-BSMED

Number of Go-Negosyocenters maintained 12 108 128 128 Sub-sector Outcome 2.2 Proportion of small-scale industries (enterprises) Increasing Increasing TBD DTI-BSMED with a loan or line of credit increased Total number of credit cooperatives 18 18 19 19 CDA Sub-sector Outcome 2.3 Number of barangay micro business enterprises n.d. Increasing Increasing TBD DTI, DOLE registered increased Number of shared facilities established 152 Increasing Increasing TBD DTI Number of small-enterprise technology n.d. 5% 5% 5% DOST upgrading program beneficiaries increased increase increase increase Percentage of BMBE Certificates issued within the N/A DTI prescribed time a. BMBE certificates issued within the N/A DTI prescribed time b.BMBE certifacation application received N/A DTI

Strategies foreign direct investments especially those that would bring in new technologies. Expanded economic opportunities • Fully implement the ease of doing business required by law. Streamline in industry and services agency process as well as standardize requirements form business registration Local and foreign investments increased and permit issuances across agencies and various government units. • Strengthen promotional activities locally • Continue investment promotion and abroad and encourage reinforcement activities. Promotion investment activities of linkages and partnership between will be intensified that will attract more private and government sector to sustain investments. This will involve Regional increase in local and foreign investment trade fairs, localization of roadmaps • Pursue aggressive promotion and on priority industries and fora with marketing programs to attract more industry players.

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 97 • Continuously promote the entry of creation of stronger partnership with new and foreign direct investments in the private and public sector. This will the Region. Orchestrate the convergent also include expansion of the tourism efforts and active participation of the industry to promote development in RDC, provinces, municipalities and cities rural and remote areas with limited in investment promotion. economic activities. • Accelerate the expansion and development • Implement the National Tourism of economic zones. Priority focus on Development Plan 2017-2022. Once identified Municipalities in Quezon approved, the Region will contribute Province as viable areas for economic in implementing the plan particularly zone development. This areas include in improving tourism products and Mauban, Infanta, Real, Atimonan, Tiaong competitiveness in identified tourism and Pagbilao per Republic Act No. 8748 development areas in the Region, also known as the Special Economic underscoring convergence of public Zone Act and private initiatives for inclusive • Support endogenization of local economic tourism development. zones. The establishment of feasible • Improve capacities on Information domestic economic zones for MSMEs will Technology and Business Processing be encouraged in capable or competitive Management (IT-BPM). Capacity local governments through similar of LGUs, investors, stakeholders incentive systems in traditional PEZA and institutions will be enhanced to managed economic zones. The domestic provide more enabling environment for economic zones will be integrated with IT-BPM industry. existing economic and Freeport zone activities to improve MSME productivity Competitiveness, innovativeness and and strengthen industry backward and resilience of industries increased forward linkages. • Review laws, such as, the Republic Act No. • Enhance enabling environment. An 7916 or The Special Economic Zone Act enabling environment is important to of 1995 that give incentives and advantage sustain and enhance growth of industries to enterprises located in special economic in the Region. In order to attain this, a zones given the declining export more predictable and responsive policy production, changing global market, and environment will be promoted and weak link of MSMEs to multi-national inter-institutional coordination for and big companies. policy-making and implementation will • Implement the Comprehensive National be strengthened. Industry Strategy. This will upgrade • Strengthen private sector linkage to industries such as manufacturing and promote tourism through B2B, capacity services while strengthening backward building and benchmarking activities and forward linkages with domestic and • Participation to local and international global value chains including MSMEs. sales mission, travel fairs • Sustain the gains in tourism. This will • Media invitation to support Region’s include activities such as market and festivals and events spearheaded by LGU product development, tourism standards or initiated by the private sector and regulation services, conversion of • Intensification of industry skills same-day tourists to overnight tourists, training to enhance the standard of development of other potential tourism service provision sites and tourism circuits in preparation • Sustain increase in manufacturing sub- for the increasing foreign tourists and sector through a) capacity building

98 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 of farmers/locality for value-adding packaging and other supplies for health- products; b) provision of machineries related facilities and activities and equipment; c) support MSMEs & • Strengthen the resiliency of the MSMEs. start-ups to enhance their innovation Build the MSME’s resiliency through capabilities; d) review sustainability capacity building in the formulation and of One Town One Product (OTOP); implementation of business continuity and e) create enabling environment plans. Trainings will be conducted for Science and Technology & through web-based interactive seminars Innovation investments or Webinars while mass gatherings are • Strict monitoring of compliance to not yet allowed. the ARTA, EODB, & BOSS to attract • Require PEZA to develop a generic more investments by global and high- business continuity plan which would be value firms. applicable to all zones. • Strengthen academe-industry linkages • Rebuild business and consumer to respond to existing employment confidence due to business closures, job demand in the community and to build and income loss an innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem. This will involve developing Market access improved culture of entrepreneurship among the youth and encourage industries • Improve and develop infrastructure to initiate development of training facilities (e.g. logistics, transport, programs tailored-fit to specific industry broadband connections, power supply) skills needed and submit to Technical to promote efficient flow of goods Education and Skills Development and services. Authority (TESDA) for approval and • Fast track the communication certification and upgrading of teaching programs and projects of Department skills to address job- skills mismatch. of Information and Communications • Enhance Research Capabilities of Technology (DICT) that will foster schools/SUCs to provide environment connectivity and improve public access to for innovation. the Internet. • Spur an entrepreneurial revolution • Establish food tracer. Ascertaining the and encourage the formalization and point of origin of raw inputs such as farm growth of MSMEs through the full origin will be established and indicated in implementation of the Go Negosyo Law, label of products. MSME Development Plan, and the APEC • Invest in R&D and open innovation 2015 Action Agenda to Globalize MSMEs. platform. Aside from the development of • Enhance the country’s competitiveness new products, more job opportunities will and address cross-cutting issues that be created to help the local communities. impede the country’s competitiveness • Provide timely, accurate, and inexpensive • Encourage businesses to reconfigure/ market matching available for MSMEs change their product offerings to include • Strengthen value and supply chain essentials. The manufacturing sector will linkages to ensure a high level of business be encouraged to redirect and repurpose performance. Increase in value of the their production to increase supply for product or service to impress customers essential goods and intermediate inputs. and keep investors. Essential goods would include medical • Link MSMEs to supply needs of PPEs, chemical products for drugs and government service. Support services to medicines, disinfectants, cleaning agents, MSMEs will be provided in marketing fertilizers, construction materials, food and transporting of their merchandise

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 99 needed to supply government programs including packaged tours to for relief distribution, supply of protective domestic market personal equipment (PPEs), and feeding • Rehabilitate or reconstruct the program, among others. damaged roads and restore the use of • Expand e-commerce and use Taal Circumferential Road as tourism of Information Communication road leading to tourist destination, if Technology. Online business transactions still feasible will be encouraged to support physical • Strict implementation on inspection distancing. The government has to fastrack and monitoring of compliance of the implementation of ICT programs to establishments on safety measures and ensure fast and reliable internet service other requirements for online marketing and telecommuting. • Reiterate proposed tourism infrastructure Investments on ICT will be encouraged projects of LGUs under the DOT-DPWH to meet the surge for online transactions, Convergence Program and consider digital platforms and products to disaster-resilient infrastructures as part of provide connectivity with customers and the planning process to conform to laws increase sales on urban planning and building code • Formulate tourism activities and support to strengthen marketing and promotion Access to economic of tourism attractions and destinations opportunities increased including packaged tours to domestic market through digital marketing (social Access to production networks improved media), content marketing, participation in travel and trade fairs and exhibits, • Promote CALABARZON Industry familiarization tours, among others clustering. Broaden implementation • Strengthen marketing and promotion of the industry clustering strategy to of tourism attractions and destinations, improve MSMEs’ access to resources and including packaged tours to industry markets. domestic market • Support the economic independence of PWDs. The transition to work program Consumer access to safe and quality of of PWDs and Executive Order 417 will be goods and services ensured strictly implemented • Implement mandatory service obligation • Promote consumer welfare. This will for government scholars to address the be done through strict enforcement of out-migration of locally-developed skills regulations and standards to protect (e.g. foreign language experts as local consumers against unfair practices interpreter, welders and other hospitality- such as profiteering and substandard skilled workers) products and increase awareness on • Coordinate with employers’ association consumer rights such as Employers Confederation of the • Promote linkages and partnerships. Philippines (ECOP) for possible wage Partnerships with private sector employment opportunities based on and professional associations will assessed skills be pursued to strengthen consumer • Establish profile database of affected protection mechanisms individuals, HHs, tourism stakeholders • Strict regulation & monitoring of foreign (tour guides), registered boatmen, workers & companies farmers/fisher folks, MSMEs and • Strengthen marketing and promotion business establishments of tourism attractions and destinations,

100 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Access to finance improved Productivity, efficiency and resilience improved • Review financial regulations. Current relevant financial regulations will be • Raise quality of products. Better product reviewed to determine the viability of quality at par with foreign products. easing caps/limits on savings instruments MSMEs will be further developed for deployment to local and international through shared service facility, SME investment opportunities matched with roving academy, Negosyo Centers of the safeguard mechanisms. DTI and SETUP of the DOST • Implement policy adjustments. Relevant • Improve backbone services. Financial, financial policies will be reviewed telecommunication, transport and and implemented to provide ease of logistics will be improved to facilitate access to financial services and enable the movement of knowledge products, the marginalized sectors and MSMEs technologies, goods and services, to participate in capital markets and and to link MSMEs in domestic and expanding their businesses. In addition, global markets. program and projects such as the Credit • Promote a more inclusive business Surety Fund Program will be promoted to environment. Capability seminars increase credit worthiness of MSMEs. and trainings for business and tourist • Enhance role of cooperatives. The roles establishment personnel on DRR for of cooperatives as target of information Persons with disabilities (PWDs) will and education campaigns will be be conducted and required before enriched with inclusion of providing issuance of accreditation/business investment packages. permit. A legislative agenda requiring bus • Explore financing program for MSMEs. companies to have accessible door lift for Alternative sources of funding to provide PWDs and senior citizen will be pursued. accessible, and fast business loans that • provide necessary inputs/raw materials are designed to help MSME owners to on identified livelihood projects to start- optimize their potential and achieve ups for displaced residents and MSMEs major growth. affected by the eruption of Taal Volcano • Provide easier access to business financing • Institutionalize flexible work patterns and financial services. Soft loans or grants and arrangements: should be provided to MSMEs to restore • Work offsite their livelihood and businesses. Loans • Work from home may provide zero or lower interest rates, • 4-day work week longer term credit programs and with • Telework practices minimal documentary requirements. • Provide financial/amelioration package Partner financial institutions will be to displaced low-income workers/ encouraged to provide loan moratorium wage earners programs to borrowers. • Provide fiscal and monetary measures • Prioritize financial support MSMEs that help protect jobs, sustain the self- especially that have been impacted or employed and support companies’ closed shop during the ECQ liquidity and operations and accelerate • Recommend funding institutions to assist recovery in the future MSMEs through any conditional cash • Include specific disaster preparedness assistance program and/or other loan modules on capacity building trainings grants available and temporarily waive for tourism frontliners and enterprises accreditation fees for tourism enterprises • Allow flexibility on policies flexibilities affected by fortuitous events and in times of fortuitous events or national emergencies national emergencies:

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 101 • Consider extension of the time for • Amend Chapter 7 Sec. 34 (D3) of lodging goods and waiver storage fees National Internal Revenue Code when movement of goods are affected (NIRC) to provide net loss carry over by fortuitous events to all businesses affected by a national • Exercise LGUs autonomy to help emergency and not just those that are enterprises cope with the emergency starting a business and/or take initiatives that will help • Implement tax breaks or postponement ensure continuous supply of essential of tax payments for SMEs affected goods in the market. The definitive by ECQ as they employ a large steps may be identified in consultation percentage of the workforce, to keep with the relevant stakeholders that may increasing liquidity include business continuity planning in • Waive/subsidize bank interest for loans the aftermath of the crisis to help companies affected by national • Automate government procedures to emergencies to reestablish cash flow as minimize changes in doing business operations slowly come back to normal or ensure continuous operation even if • Assistance to ecozone workers as per there are fortuitous events government guidelines

Major Programs and Projects

• Market and Product Development • IEC materials on the impact of the bill on • Construction of Tourist jobs & investments Information Center • Complete removal of obstructions in • Establishment and Maintenance of national roads (utility post & trees) Negosyo Centers • Provision/Improvement of street lights • Shared Service Facility Program and signages • Kapatid Mentor Me Project • Repair and construction of access roads. • OTOP Next Generation It involve repair and concreting of existing • SME Roving Academy (SMERA) local roads leading to tourist destinations • Collaborative R&D Program while waiting for RROW acquisition for the Academe, Industry and • Establishment of feasible domestic Government Institutions economic zones for MSMEs • Assistance Program for the • Livelihood Starter Kits through the Environmental Protection Through Pangkabuhayan sa PagBangon at Ginhawa Energy Efficiency and Environmental (PBG) for MSMEs. Through the project, Management System and Use of the displaced employees at tourism sites Renewable/Alternative Energy and self-employed retailers serving • Regional Program for Health, Nutrition tourists as well as the small and vulnerable and Food Safety entrepreneurs who were affected by • Promotion of S & T Innovations and pandemics and natural calamities Entrepreneurship • ICT innovations supported by DOST • Program for Establishment of to strengthen ICT facilities, systems Food Innovation Center and Food and infrastructure to cope up with the Production Facilities requirements of the new normal. Mobile • Disaster Resiliency Program for MSMEs training laboratories equipped with and business establishments computers & internet connectivity • DOST-SETUP • Clinical testing of VCO for COVID-19 • Improve and enhance road passability (the beneficial effects of VCO among

102 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 suspect and probable cases of COVID-19. tourism enterprises • Training and technical assistance for • Skills retooling programs - flexible business continuity planning through and bleded training arrangements for ladderized program and capacity building displaced/affected workers for cooperatives, management advisory • Scale-up manufacturing technologies for services, livelihood on the Go and extended food shelf-life business development training. • Science-based alternative materials for • Webinars/trainings on business PPEs and utilize SSF and RIICs for MSME continuity, supply chain management, and intellectual property • Conduct inventory for possible scale-up on existing DOST-approved manufacturing technologies to prolong food shelf-life, applied science researches on possible alternative materials for PPEs, & utilize SSF & RIICs for MSME manufacturers • Registry of firms who will participate in the manufacture of essential goods • Trainings through flexible & blended training arrangements (web based, interactive websites) such as DTI Markprof in YouTube and ASEAN SME Online Academy • DTI Pondo sa Pagbabago at Pag-asenso (P3), ERF-Enterprise Rehabilitation Financing and SB CARES Covid19 Assistance to Restart Enterprises • Enterprise Development Assistance for Calamity Affected MSMEs • DTI PBG • Enterprise Development Assistance at Grassroots Level prioritizing vulnerable communities affected by health disasters LSP- NSB Livelihood Seeding Program -Negosyo Serbisyo sa Barangay • Alternative Mode For Consumer Access such as online marketing products, mobile palengke/market/drugstore on wheels should be launched. • Organize/strengthen tourism/cultural councils and associations • Development of tourism crisis plan and management strategies • Inspection of tourism enterprises, site disinfection, provision of equipment, distribution of campaign posters • Ordinance on extension of business permit and accreditation validity of

Chapter 9 Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry and Services | 103 104 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 105 106 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development

This Chapter discusses assessment of implementing the Regional plan in the areas of health and nutrition, education and labour. It also presents the gaps and challenges need to be addressed and the opportunities that can be harnessed towards developing human capital and contribute to reducing inequality.

Assessment and Challenges

In the past three years, CALABARZON contributing to malnutrition in the Region. has been consistent in providing quality While CALABARZON was able to decrease education, health and nutrition, and over-nutrition, much has yet to be done employment opportunities and services to to reduce proliferation of empty calorie its populace. The Regional Development food, having more physical activity of Council has also been actively engaging children and adults and getting out of the its partners and stakeholders in providing sedentary lifestyle. these development initiatives. With the implementation of several laws and policies The proportion of households with per such as Universal Access to Tertiary capita intake below 100 percent dietary Education, First 1000 Days, Universal energy requirement also decreased from Health Care Act, and Zero Unmet Needs 29.3 percent in 2015 to 26.3 percent in 2019. for Family Planning, enabling mechanisms This is the result of convergence of efforts were well placed to ensure the provision of both government and private sector in of quality social services. However, the Region. more interventions are still needed to be implemented to achieve the Region’s The limited capacity of some LGUs in the goals in terms of increasing human implementation of health and nutrition development potential. programs, absence of Local Nutrition Committee and Population Committee, Health and nutrition and limited budget for nutrition programs are among challenges faced by the Region’s Improving nutrition situation. Nutrition health and nutrition. data from 2013 and 2015 indicated an increasing prevalence of stunting, wasting, Improving mortality rates despite not and overweight among children under achieving the target for health man power to 5. However, the Region fared better than population ratio. Maternal, infant, neonatal, other Regions. Insufficient child nutrition and under-five mortality rates decreased particularly during the first 1000 days and exceeded the target for 2019. Maternal of life, as well as lack of family planning, mortality rate was significantly reduced from inadequate mother and infant care to 68 per 100,000 live births in 2016 to only 30 address feeding peculiarities, and high in the first semester of 2019. The decrease prevalence of teenage pregnancy are factors was mainly attributed to the improved

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 107 service delivery networks with the inclusion to hiring more health personnel such as of private sectors and the increased number doctors, nurses, and medical technicians to of health facilities accredited by PhilHealth attend to the increasing number of infected to provide maternity care packages. Further, patients. The pandemic also prompted infant mortality rate continued to decline the government to deploy new medical from 10 percent in 2016 to 8.3 percent graduates to provide assistance in fighting during the first semester of 2019. The same against the virus. In addition, one of the was observed for under-five mortality rate, most vulnerable group during the pandemic decreasing from 14 percent in 2016 to 13.3 was the medical front liners because percent in 2019. Meanwhile, there was no they cannot avoid direct contact with the recorded neonatal death during the first half infected patients and some health care of 2019. The accomplishment was brought personnel ended up contracting the virus. by the continuous strong advocacy on child health programs. Moreover, the percentage of one year old fully immunized children declined from 61 The proportion of births attended by skilled percent in 2016 to 31 percent in 2019. The health personnel and delivered in health recent Dengvaxia scare was a major factor facilities also continued to increase and in the failure to immunize children. further contributed to the reduced mortality rates. This was the result of upgraded Increasing prevalence rate for modern infrastructures of health facilities and contraceptive and decreasing proportion of birthing homes and deployment of more women with unmet need for family planning. skilled professionals in the communities, The proportion of women aged 15 to 49 years providing for easy implementation and old with unmet need for family planning monitoring of health programs in the local decreased from 17.8 percent in 2013 to government units. 12 percent in the first semester of 2019. Likewise, use of modern family planning Despite the declining mortality rates, health methods significantly increased from 25 manpower to population ratio of doctors, percent in 2016 to 47.5 percent in 2018. The nurses, and midwives is still below the strengthened implementation of Executive target standard ratio. The ratio for doctors Order 12 s. 2017 and the implementation of to population ratio in 2018 was 1:21,846, Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive an improvement from the 1:56,052 ratio Health Law, brought the improvement in in 2016, but still not within the standard the adoption of modern contraceptives. 1:20,000 ratio. Likewise, nurse to population ratio worsen from 1:20,206 in 2016 to The proportion of adolescents, 15- 1:21,846 in 2018 and midwife to population 19 years old, who have already begun ratio further increased from 1:8042 in 2016 childbearing also decreased from 8.1 to 1:9,541 in 2018. Declining number of percent in 2013 to 7.6 percent in 2019. The manpower was the major reason for unmet classes on Responsible Parenthood and targets on health manpower to population Family Planning and outreach missions ratio due to professionals opting to work on providing modern contraceptives abroad and low enrollees for health courses and information dissemination on such as midwifery. Adolescent Health and Youth Development Program may have contributed to this The adverse impact of limited health positive outcome. manpower was greatly felt during the No new incidence of malaria and decreasing latest COVID-19 pandemic where the number of tuberculosis incidence while Department of Health (DOH) resorted number of diagnosed new HIV cases

108 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 continued to rise. The Region continued to Basic, higher and technical be malaria-free due to the sustained efforts on elimination and control of malaria, education particularly in Laguna, Rizal, and Quezon. Basic education The number of tuberculosis cases continued to decline, however, it increased in 2018 to Net enrolment and completion rate improved. 345 due to multi-drug resistance. Net enrolment rate in all levels improved from SY 2016-2017 to SY 2018-2019, except New HIV infections increased from in kindergarten which declined in SY 2018- 1,290 cases in 2016 to 1,871 cases in 2018 2019. Increased net enrolment rate may be particularly on men having sex with men. attributed to setting of early registration There is a need to expand programs on schedules, school-based feeding program reproductive health by also considering and the voucher program for senior high education on safe sex among the school. It can also be attributed to the male population. increase in the number of elementary and secondary schools in the Region. Annual Population covered by health insurance Regional targets were attained in the program maintained. The Region already same period. In terms of gender disparity, met its target of 100 percent coverage of there was minimal difference in the male health insurance program in 2016 but and female enrolees for all levels. More decreased to 85 percent in 2017. However, male enrolees were observed in kinder, health insurance coverage returned to 100 elementary and junior high school while percent in 2018. more female enrolees in senior high school.

Currently, the Region is undergoing socio- Similarly, completion rate in elementary and economic crisis because of the COVID-19 junior high school improved from SY 2016- outbreak where around 11 percent of the 2017 to SY 2017-2018 and annual Regional confirmed cases came from CALABARZON. targets were achieved. The reorganization The provinces in the Region were also of the Regional Committee on Education among the areas that are projected to have for All to a Regional Committee on Quality 90 percent probability of disease outbreak. Education for All which monitored the The recent coronavirus causing COVID-19 implementation of the K to 12 program disease is among the family of viruses that may have contributed to the attainment of cause respiratory infections which can lead the Regional targets. to serious illnesses and death. Higher cohort survival rate observed. The Earlier this year, selected LGUs in Region’s cohort survival rates in elementary CALABARZON also suffered from the level and junior high school were among eruption of Taal Volcano which posed the highest in the country for SY 2017- two major health risks: a) exposure to 2018 at 99 and 91.4 percent, respectively. communicable and infectious disease due to Cohort survival rates of female students sharing of spaces, bathrooms, and kitchen in both elementary and secondary levels facilities among the internally displaced were higher at 100 and 94.64 percent, population (IDPs); and b) exposure to respectively, compared to male students ashfall which can lead to cardiovascular at 98.32 and 88.57 percent. The Pantawid diseases. Moreover, the eruption also Pamilyang Pilipino Progrram contributed caused traumatic experiences among the to this outcome as the condition is for families, IDPs, and responders from the children to be in school. local government units.

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 109 Table 10.1 Net Enrolment and Completion Rate, CALABARZON, 2016-2019 BASELINE 2017 2018 2019 (2016) TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL Net enrolment rate increased (%) Kinder 82.77 85.64 85.50 88.51 80.45 91.38 Not yet available Elementary 81.00 84.17 96.31 87.43 97.36 90.51 Not yet available Junior HS 60.89 66.58 82.51 72.27 86.38 77.96 Not yet available Senior HS - - 53.90 - 58.33 TBD Not yet available Completion rate increased (%) Elementary 95.53 95.41 98.40 95.73 Not yet 96.05 Not yet available available Junior HS 86.53 88.27 90.72 90.01 Not yet 91.75 Not yet available available Senior HS - - 98.40 - Not yet TBD Not yet available available Source:DepEd Region IV-A Alternative Learning System (ALS) School days reduced due to class suspensions. Intensified. ALS enrolment in 2017 to 2018 The eruption of Taal Volcano in January increased by about 29.89 percent. Higher 2020 suspended school classes in the male enrolees were also recorded in 2017 Region for a number of days but for a longer and 2019 at 56 and 57 percent, respectively. period in Batangas Province because most Increased promotion of the alternative of its public schools were used as temporary learning system particularly at the rural evacuation centers. areas had spurred interest in ALS. The declaration of ECQ for Luzon due to Addressing the demand on K to 12 education COVID-19 suspended classes in public and inputs remain a challenge. To ensure private schools to curb the spread of the smooth implementation and attainment virus. In some areas, public schools were of the objectives of the K to 12 program, also identified as one of the isolation areas mechanisms were developed to meet the of local government units. increased demand in basic education requirements. The convergence program of These increasing number of class DepEd and DPWH aims to provide enough suspensions affected the school calendar school buildings and classrooms for basic days which resulted to make-up classes education learners including junior and and/or squeezing the lessons in a shorter senior high schools. Even though classroom period in order for students to acquire the to pupil ratio had improved from 2017 to minimum requirement to complete a grade 2018, classroom to pupil ratio for junior and level. The shortened periods reduced the senior high school was 1:62 which was still physical contact of teachers to learners behind the standard ratio of 1:40 despite which is essential to effectively deliver implementation of class shifts. In addition, the lessons. ICT facilities for education should also be enhanced to provide numerous options in Higher education and technical and the delivery of the classes and be at par with vocational education and training the other countries. (See Chapter 19) Faculty-Student Ratio improved. Regional faculty-student ratio in SY 2018-2019 was

110 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 1:21 with a ratio of 1:28 for SUCs and 1:19 certification rate may be attributed to the for private HEIs. This was an improvement improvement in the quality and provision of from a ratio of 1:33 and 1:20 in SY 2016- TVET programs. 2017, respectively. Notably, private HEIs have better faculty to student ratio compared Challenges encountered in UniFAST to SUCs. Significant proportion of tertiary implementation. The passage of the Universal students went to SUCs due to free tertiary Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act education. The Region ranked 2nd in the increased accessibility of tertiary learners country with the most number of tertiary into state universities and colleges, and education institutions with its 338 colleges public technical-vocational institutions. and universities. Increased access was made more possible with the continuous implementation Increasing faculty staff competenceof UniFAST. However, challenges were continued. About half of the faculty in the encountered in the implementation of tertiary education have a post graduate the Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES). degree. In line with the national goal of There were reports on discrepancies of improving the competence of our country’s the beneficiaries of Listahanan vis-à-vis professors and instructors, faculty members TES with some students included in the of colleges and universities in the Region Listahan of DSWD were not included in continue to seek further studies. For SY the list of beneficiaries of TES while those 2018-2019, 48 percent of professors and not included in the former were able to instructors in SUCs have a post graduate access TES. degree while 52 percent in private higher education institutions (HEIs) have a post Labor policies graduate degree. Improved employment situation observed. Continuous expansion of the industry and Certification rate of Technical and Vocational services sector contributed to the increasing Education and Training (TVET) graduates employment rate in the Region. While continue to increase. The certification rate employment target in 2016 was not attained, of TVET graduates increased from 88.40 the rate of employment increased from percent in 2016 to 92 percent in 2018. 2016 to 2018. Likewise, unemployment Hence, annual Regional and provincial and underemployment rate declined from targets in 2017 and 2018 were achieved. 2016 to 2018 exceeding the annual targets Further, similar performance was (See Chapter 15). observed in all provinces. The increase in Table 10.2 Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment Rates, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016 2017 2018 TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL Employment (%) 93.9-94.1 92.8 91-93 93.0 91-93 93.3 Unemployment (%) 8.6-9.4 7.2 7-9 7.0 7-9 6.7 Underemployment (%) <17.5 15.5 17.5 14.0 17.0 13.1 Source: 2019 RSET, PSA Labor Force Survey Opportunities brought by international development (M&D) initiatives were and internal migration highly recognized. intensified. Mainstreaming of M&D in Recognizing the magnitude of international planning, programs and projects of the and internal migration in the Region, government including the local government implementation of migration and units is continuously promoted. The

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 111 development of One-Stop Migration Students (SPES), Government Internship Resource Center (OSMRC) in each Program (GIP), Jobstart Philippine province ensured that opportunities are Program and Employment Facilitation properly harnessed and the migration costs Track increased from 2016 to 2018. were reduced. The convergence efforts This expansion can be attributed to of concerned government agencies and the strengthened partnership of local the local governments also ensures the government units with the industries. protection of the rights of international Higher number of individuals were also labor migrants. reached by the labor market from 2016 to 2018. One of the challenges encountered, Job facilitation services intensified.however, was the limited budget for these Beneficiaries of job facilitation such as job facilitation programs. the Special Program for Employment of Action Plan Strategic Framework a) improved nutrition and health for all; b) ensured lifelong learning opportunities for The Regional Development Plan 2017- all; and c) increased income-earning ability 2022 aims to reduce inequalities in of Filipinos. human development outcomes through: Figure 10.1 Strategic Framework to Accelerate Human Capital Development

112 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Targets Table 10.3 Plan Targets to Accelerate Human Capital Development

BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Nutrition and health for all improved Life expectancy at birth DOH Male 2010 69.48 Increasing Increasing 75 Female 2013 75.62 Increasing Increasing 82 Total fertility rate decreased 2013 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 DOH, POPCOM Care at all life stages increased Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 2016 68 70 70 70 DOH live births) decreased Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live 2016 10 15 15 15 DOH births) decreased Neonatal mortality rate (per 1,000 live 2016 7 10 10 10 DOH births) decreased Under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live 2016 14 22 22 22 DOH births) decreased Percentage of 1 year old children fully 2016 61% 95% 95% 95% DOH immunized increased Premature mortality attributed to n.d. DOH cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseased decreased Malaria prevalence (per 100,000 2016 0 0 0 0 DOH population) decreased Tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 2016 322 322 322 322 DOH population decreased Number of new HIV infections (newly 2016 1,290 Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing DOH diagnosed cases/year) decreased Health manpower to population ratio 2016 1:20,2016 1:20,000 1:20,000 1:20,000 DOH within the standard (nurses) Health manpower to population ratio 2016 1:8,042 1:500 1:5000 1:5000 DOH within the standard (midwife) Prevalence of underweight and 2016 19 15 14 13 NNC severely underweight preschool children (0-71 months) decreased (%) Prevalence of stunting among children 2015 27.7 23.7 22.7 21.7 NNC under 5 decreased (%) Prevalence of wasting among children n.d. Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing NNC under 5 decreased (%) Prevalence of overweight among n.d. Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing NNC children under 5 decreased (%) Proportion of households meeting the 10% recommended energy intake increased

Proportion of HH with per capita 2015 29.30% 25.3% 24.3% 23.3% NNC intake below 100% dietary energy requirement decreased (10%) Percentage of drug cases who 2017 270 TBD TBD TBD DOH completed treatment increased (%) Reduced proportion of adolescents 2013 8.1 7.4 7.2 Decreasing DOH/ (15-19 years old) who have begun POPCOM childbearing (%)

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 113 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Access through functional service delivery networks ensured Proportion of births attended by skilled 2016 91% 96% 99% 99% DOH health personnel increased Proportion of births delivered in health 2016 88% 91% 91% 91% DOH facilities increased Proportion of women of reproductive 2013 17.80% 10% 8% 6% DOH/ age (15-49 years old) with unmet need POPCOM for modern family planning decreased Modern contraceptive prevalence 2016 25 50 60 65 DOH/ rate for modern family planning POPCOM increased (%) Health Financing Sustained Regional Health Insurance Program 2016 100% 100% 100% 100% PHIC coverage increased Lifelong Learning Opportunities for All Mean years of schooling increased n.d. Increasing Increasing Increasing DepEd Functional literacy increased 2013 95 Increasing Increasing 100 DepEd Quality, accessible, relevant, and liberating basic education for all achieved Net enrolment rate increased (%) Kinder 2016 82.77 94.25 97.13 100 DepEd Elementary 2016 81.00 93.68 96.85 100 DepEd Junior High School 2016 60.89 83.65 89.34 95 DepEd Senior High School - - TBD TBD TBD DepEd Completion rate increased (%) Elementary 2016 95.53 98.53 99.28 100 DepEd Junior High School 2016 86.53 93.49 95.23 97 DepEd Senior High School TBD TBD TBD DepEd Proportion of junior high school students performing at moving towards mastery, closely approximating mastery and mastered increased (%) Elementary n.d. Increasing Increasing Increasing DepEd Junior High School n.d. Increasing Increasing Increasing DepEd Senior High School n.d. TBD TBD TBD DepEd Proportion of junior high school students at low mastery reduced Junior High School n.d. Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing DepEd Senior High School n.d. TBD TBD TBD DepEd Elementary drop-out rate 2015 2.27 0.65 0.33 0 DepEd decreased (%) Junior high school drop-out rate 2015 4.31 2.77 2.39 2 DepEd decreased (%) Quality of higher education and technical education and research for equity and global competitiveness improved Certification rate of TVET 2016 88.40% 86% 87% 87% TESDA graduates increased Percentage of students in the Region 2016 54% Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs, awarded scholarships, grants, CHED and other financial assistance increased (%) Percentage of tertiary graduates in 2016 33% Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs, the Region with degree in science, CHED engineering, manufacturing and construction increased (%)

114 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Number of patents, licenses, and 2016 29 Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs royalties issued to HEIs in the Region (cumulative) increased Number of researchers and scientists 2016 140 Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs, in the Region increased CHED Number of curricula and programs in 2016 91 Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs, the Region developed/revised based on CHED multi-disciplinal platforms that foster 21st century competencies increased (cumulative) Number of HEIs in the Region engaged 2016 272 Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs in local and global partnerships and collaborations increased Number of innovation hubs established 2016 2 Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs within HEIs in the Region increased Income earning ability increased Beneficiaries of job facilitation and scholarships Special Program for Employment of 2016 13,221 TBD TBD TBD DOLE Students (SPES) Government Internship Program (GIP) 2016 938 TBD TBD TBD DOLE Jobstart Philippine Program 2016 103 TBD TBD TBD DOLE Private Education Student Financial 2016 1,081 1,562 1,640 1,722 TESDA Assistance (PESFA) Program Training for Work Scholarship 2016 21,694 26,369 27,688 32,026 TESDA Program (TWSP) Employment Facilitation (EF) Track 2017 13,709 TBD TBD TBD DSWD-SLP Expanded Students' Grant- 2016 2,707 TBD TBD TBD SUCs, CHED in-aid Program for Poverty Alleviation (ESGPPA) Scholarship program for dependent 2016 11 TBD TBD TBD SUCs children of sugarcane industry Employability improved Number of higher education graduates 2016 1,012 TBD TBD TBD SUCs, HEIs engaged in job collaboration increased (cumulative) Labor force participation rate of 2016 52.20% TBD TBD TBD SUCs, HEIs women increased (%) Number of female students enrolled 2016 1,877 TBD TBD TBD SUCs, HEIs in advanced education program increased (cumulative) Jobseekers referred for 2016 312,714 TBD TBD TBD PESO, DOLE placement through the Public Employment Service Individuals reached through the Labor 2016 529,490 TBD TBD TBD PESO, DOLE Market Information Productivity improved Labor productivity in industry 2015 605,255 TBD TBD TBD DTI, DOLE sector (PhP) Labor productivity in services 2015 137,091 TBD TBD TBD DTI, DOLE sector (PhP)

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 115 Strategies Provision of safe and nutritious food during emergencies. The nutritional initial needs To accelerate human capital development, assessment (NINA) tool to assess the the following strategies will be undertaken: nutritional needs of vulnerable population a) improve the health and nutrition of can be utilized during disasters to determine everyone; b) ensure lifelong learning appropriate nutrition interventions and opportunities for all; and c) increase income needed supplies. Community kitchens can earning ability. These strategies are aligned also be established in the evacuation centers with the Philippine Development Plan to ensure that safe and nutritious food are 2017-2022 and the AmBisyon Natin 2040 provided during emergencies. towards Matatag, Maginhawa at Panatag na Buhay. To further promote nutrition in emergencies, campaigns on infant and Nutrition and health for all improved young child feeding in emergencies, use of micronutrient powder, ready to Care for all life stages guaranteed use therapeutic food, and ready to use supplementary food must be intensified. Quality nutrition and health care at all The implementation of EO 51 or Milk life stages provided. The Region will Code, particularly in receiving donations focus its efforts on the improvement and reliefs must be strengthened of nutrition and health of its citizenry through timely and quality nutrition and Improve health-seeking behavior targeting health care interventions for all life stages. the most vulnerable. Most of the nutrition Specifically, this will be achieved through: and health concerns in the Region resulted a) improvement in prenatal care, safe from the limitations in the health-seeking delivery and new born and infant care behavior of the population. The Region will through provision of facilities for new intensify its IEC on the nutrition and health born screening; b) full implementation of services available in the rural health units, expanded breast feeding act or Republic Act local hospitals and private hospitals. 10028; c) implementation of the first 1000 days of life program; d) implementation of Proper education on HIV and sexually the RPRH Act; e) improve the interventions transmitted diseases will also be intensified in addressing HIV/AIDs and sustain to decrease infections, ensure proper efforts on addressing TB, malaria and guidance on the disease of affected persons, other emerging communicable diseases; and to aid in removing any social stigma f) strengthen interventions in addressing that are often associated with the disease. non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart diseases; g) Promote health care. In addition, appropriate address malnutrition in all its forms; and h) IEC on avoiding communicable diseases inclusion of health programs and projects such as COVID-19 must be strengthened, in gender and development plans to address including basic healthcare practices such inequalities in nutrition and health. as proper and regular washing of hands, disinfection of surfaces, clothes, and Roll out NiEm Plan to LGUs. The National other things, observance of coughing and Nutrition Council formulated the Nutrition sneezing etiquette, and proper disposal of in Emergencies Plan which can be rolled out tissues and other wastes. to the LGUs to ensure adequate nutrition among children and pregnant and lactating women during disasters.

116 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Access through functional Service migration) resulting to high density status of Delivery Networks ensured the Region, there is a need to upgrade most health facilities including rural health units, Ensure functional and efficient networks local, provincial and Regional hospitals and of health care providers. Forging of private health providers. The upgrading of partnerships and convergence of initiatives health facilities will also consider gender with private sector and the academe in the sensitive and mother-baby friendly facilities. delivery of health and nutrition services will help address health and nutrition The current pandemic also calls for concerns. The health sector needs to tap adequate healthcare equipment, facilities proactive private sectors, volunteers, and such as isolation and quarantine rooms, state universities and colleges in the Region and other essentials such as testing kits in advocating for and delivery of nutrition and machines for early detection of EIDs. and health services. Moreover, health care system shall adopt and maximize the use of telemedicine With the full implementation of the UHC, and ICT services in disease surveillance, more health workers are expected to be prevention, and control. Through remote deployed under the Deployment of Human diagnosis and treatment, more efficient and Resources for Health (HRH) Program of effective health care service can be provided. the DOH. This will augment health man power and reach more communities are Access to nutrition and health services reached and provided the appropriate will be expanded through increasing medical assistance. health manpower-to-population ratio, development of half-way health facilities Incentives may also be provided to especially for far flung areas and provision encourage participation of volunteers of support infrastructures like road as healthcare workers in the locality networks and efficient transport systems. particularly as Barangay Health Workers, Redundant road networks and resilient Barangay Nutrition Scholars, Barangay facilities will be beneficial during calamities Population Volunteers, and Barangay and disasters. Nutrition and health caravans Health Emergency Response Team. This will also be provided to rural areas and will ensure the continuous and unhampered island municipalities to bring the services service delivery and advocacy for health closer to the people. Information systems and nutrition. must also be in place.

Among the challenges in the health sector Improve case handling during disasters is the increasing number of healthcare and disease outbreaks. To ensure the personnel opting to work in another country. readiness of the Region for future disease To address this, medical professionals and outbreaks, there is also a need to prioritize graduates should be provided competitive the protection and ensure the well-being compensation packages and opportunities of medical professionals by: a) providing for professional development such as adequate personal protective equipment; scholarship and grants that can make them and b) support system such as ready access decide to stay in their current work and to basic needs (e.g. food, transportation, serve the country. and security services).

Upgrade and equip health facilities and The Region’s healthcare system should improve human resources for health. With also be prepared for disasters and disease the increasing population (natural and in- outbreaks by ensuring that healthcare

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 117 professionals from doctors down to Lifelong learning opportunities for barangay health workers are capacitated all ensured in handling such cases through providing proper skills training and capacity building. Quality, accessible, relevant and liberating Capacity development may also include basic education for all social welfare workers to ensure that they can provide the needed psychosocial Enhance K to 12 curriculums. Assessment support to the affected population. of the K to 12 program implementation to determine attainment of key targets and Health financing sustained challenges encountered will be done. The assessment will serve as guide in enhancing Expand health insurance coverage and the current modules of the K to 12 program social protection. The Region will expand to be responsive to the current situations its initiatives in terms of health insurance and needs of the basic education sector. coverage to maintain its 100 percent health insurance coverage. Available packages Review of the work immersion guidelines covered by the no balance billing (NBB) will also be pursued to improve the learning may be updated and upgraded to include experience of students while meeting the more types of communicable diseases. needs of the industries particularly in the Proper monitoring on the implementation advent of the fourth industrial revolution. of the NBB packages will also be employed Aside from the faculty and students, to ensure that all target beneficiaries are work immersion of senior high school reached and provided with the necessary coordinators will also be proposed. Artificial assistance. PhilHealth may also tie up intelligence, internet of things, robotics and with other agencies to form more types of 3D printing are among the technologies customized care packages targeting the seen to be dominant in the succeeding most vulnerable groups. years. Skills of graduates should be in line with the requirement of the industries as Elicit multi-stakeholder support for health they are expected to continuously innovate and nutrition. Development Partners may to ensure competitiveness and efficiency. be tapped to provide additional funding to support health and nutrition services Support the formulation of a multi-modal in the LGUs especially during disasters and multi-strategy Learning Continuity Plan. and public health emergencies. LGUs may Recognizing the severe impact of increasing partner with and mobilize the civil society incidence of disasters and emergence of organizations in their localities to provide public health emergencies in the conduct of necessary support in the creation of health school classes, there is a need to develop a and nutrition policies and implementation Learning Continuity Plan that incorporates of programs and projects. The active flexible and blended learning. The use of participation of local development councils online and digital platforms to provide and other special organizations in the lessons whenever face-to-face classes are not development planning of the LGUs should possible should be adopted and expanded. also be encouraged. The Continuity Pan should consider the status of internet connectivity in the Region and the resources needed by schools and students such as desktops, laptops or iPads.

Intensify career guidance and coaching. Career guidance and coaching is important

118 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 to ensure that students will choose a track enhanced to incorporate facilities that will that is appropriate to their skills and enable its use as isolation areas. interest. This will ensure that their potentials will be properly developed and will be Strengthen implementation of government harnessed given the changing needs of the programs for basic education to ensure equal labor market. access for all. With the implementation of the K to 12 programs, implementation Enhance teacher competencies. Increasing of government program such as the competencies of elementary and secondary Balik Aral Program, Senior High School education teachers is essential to the Voucher Program and Education Service attainment of quality education. Teachers Contracting Scheme was enhanced to with a wide-array of knowledge and skills ensure equal access for all. These programs tend to be more effective educators even provide learners with numerous option to in complex situations. Promoting further take their basic education. studies will be beneficial to be at par with the ASEAN and global standards. Quality of higher and technical education With the passage of the Philippine and research for equity and global Qualification Framework, competitiveness competitiveness improved of the education sector including the basic education is vital. Intensify promotion and strengthen implementation of government programs Further, with the plan of shifting into a to access tertiary education. Through the blended learning, teachers’ capacities in passage of RA 10931, quality tertiary using digital and online platforms to deliver education was made more accessible. their lessons should be enhanced. Capacity However, proper information in availing building activities should be provided to these programs should be available to all teachers to properly and effectively use particularly those residing in the rural these platforms. areas. In addition, monitoring mechanisms should be strengthened to address the Improve learning facilities. Improvement of implementation gaps. the facilities for education both hard and soft infrastructures is necessary to contribute Promote culture of research and innovation. to the attainment of quality, accessible, Research and innovation are vital in relevant and liberating basic education development of capacities and increasing for all. This includes expansion and competitiveness. HEIs in the Region enhancement of the current existing online promote the culture of research and platform of DepEd which is the DepEd innovation to further engage in the Commons. Investment on developing a knowledge-based economy. national e-learning platform in the basic education including tertiary education Enhance soft-skills of graduates. should be prioritized. Partnerships between Development of the 21st century skills education agencies and private sector can such as critical thinking, problem-solving, also be pursued to expand access to flexible creativity and imagination, self-direction, learning modalities. initiative, and collaboration and teamwork has to be pursued. Apart from technical To reduce extended use of public schools skills acquired through formal education as evacuation areas, evacuation centers and training, these soft-skills are also should be constructed at the Regional and sought by employers. Learning methods to local levels. Designs of schools should be acquire these skills will be promoted across

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 119 the different levels of education. youth through enhancing the knowledge and skills acquired in formal education and Further strengthen the academe-industry training. With the full participation of the collaboration. Industry skills requirement private sector, the program is expected to is expected to evolve with the anticipated continuously contribute in reducing youth fourth industrial evolution. To minimize the that are not in employment, education job-skills mismatch, collaboration between or training. the academe and the industry need to be further strengthened. Involvement of the Productivity improved government sector will also be promoted to identify and develop more strategies that Provide humane work environment. Safety, will address the job skills mismatch. security and workplace harmony provide enabling environment for employees to Industry demanded TVET programs that be productive. are area-specific, flexible, holistic, and product and service oriented will also Ensure adequate social services. Provision be prioritized. of quality social services such as the health programs of the government will contribute Income earning ability-increased in enhancing the labor productivity. Accessible and quality social services for all Employability improved should be ensured.

Strengthen employment facilitation services. Tap the knowledge and skills gained of New entrants to labor market including Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs). The OFs will be assisted through employment Balik Scientist provides an opportunity to facilitation services of DOLE and the tap the knowledge and skills gained by OFs Public Employment Service Officewhile working abroad. Harnessing these (PESO) of LGUs. These jobseekers will knowledge and skills will be beneficial to be assisted through coaching, career and improve the labor force’s competitiveness pre-employment orientations, and job and enhance their capabilities. fairs. Expanding the reach and provision of regular and up-to-date labor market Productivity improved information will also be ensured. Provide humane work environment. Safety, To strengthen the Career Guidance security and workplace harmony provide Advocacy Program of DOLE, the Region enabling environment for employees to will promote the implementation of be productive. the Youth Employability Framework. Implementation of the framework will Ensure adequate social services. Provision strengthen the development of technical of quality social services such as the health and lifeskills of students while promoting programs of the government will contribute the importance of values and attitude. in enhancing the labor productivity. Accessible and quality social services for all Promotion of Jobstart Philippine Program should be ensured. will be intensified to reach more young jobseekers and provide employment Tap the knowledge and skills gained of OFWs. opportunity to all including the out-of- The Balik Scientist provides an opportunity school youth. The program contributes to tap the knowledge and skills gained by to easing the school to work transition of OFs while working abroad. Harnessing

120 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 these knowledge and skills will be beneficial ASEAN and global standards as defined in to improve the labor force’s competitiveness the Philippines Qualification Framework. and enhance their capabilities. Intensify investments promotion. Promotion Labor mobility and income security of local and foreign investments in enhanced the Region will be pursued. Increased investments will contribute to increasing Enhance labor mobility. Labor mobility employment opportunities to the Region’s will be enhanced through increasing labor force. competitiveness by being at par with the Major Programs and Projects The Region’s priority programs, projects, through volunteerism, convergence, and and activities to achieve the sectoral and multi-stakeholder partnership approach. societal outcomes in accelerating human The priority interventions of the Region are capital development will be implemented the following: Nutrition and health for all improved • Adoption of the Regional Plan for Action on Nutrition • Infant and new born care program • Implementation of AIDS Policy Act • Maternal health Program of 2018 • Mental Health Program • Water, sanitation, and hygiene Lifelong learning opportunities for • Vector-borne disease prevention all ensured and control • Disease surveillance and • Balik Aral Program outbreak response • DepEd Commons • Safe and nutritious food and nutrition • Government Assistance to Students and in emergencies Teachers in Private Education • Existing and emerging communicable • Alternative learning system diseases program • Unified Student Financial Assistance • Health Promotion and Education System for Tertiary Education • Isolation and Quarantine Facilities • ICT for Alternative Learning System • Epidemiological and Surveillance (ICT4ALS) Project Capacity Development • Community-based training for • Telemedicine special groups • First 1000 Days of Life Program • Implementation of the National • Counseling, referral and rehabilitation Technical Education and Skills for substance abuse patients Development Plan (NTESDP) 2018-2022 • Food sustainability projects • e-TESDA • Community involvement and • Philippine Qualifications Framework sports development • DepEd-DPWH Convergence Program • Full implementation of the RPRH Law • Government programs on increasing • Full implementation of No access to ICT Balance Billing • Full implementation of First Time • Full implementation of Universal Health Jobseekers Assistance Act Care Act • Adolescent Health and Youth Development Program

Chapter 10 Accelerating Human Capital Development | 121 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Sector Outcome A: Nutrition and health for all improved Local Population Development Act This will provide for the establishment and operation of population offices to ensure the effective implementation of population management strategies and measures at the local level. Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy Act T h i s a c t w i l l f a c i l i t a t e t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f a N a t i o n a l P r o g r a m o f Action and Investment Plan for the prevention of teenage pregnancy. The program of action will serve as the national framework for inter- a g e n c y a n d i n t e r - s e c t o r a l c o l l a b o r a t i o n a t a l l l e v e l s t o a d d r e s s t h e various health, cultural, socio-economic, and institutional determinants of teenage pregnancy. Amendment of the law on the Barangay This is to upgrade incentives and benefits, and ensure security of Nutrition Scholar (BNS) Program tenure of BNS. This is essential in the provision of continuous frontline nutrition services to the community. This law would ensure that t r a i n e d a n d e x p e r i e n c e d B N S a r e c a r r i e d o v e r b y s u c c e e d i n g political administrations. Alternative Learning System Act This will promote non-formal education and ensure Education for All to provide access as well to disadvantaged individuals.

122 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 123 124 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerability of Individuals and Families

Vulnerable groups include children, women, persons with disability, Indigenous Peoples, elderly persons, overseas Filipinos and their families, and informal sector workers, among others. Reducing vulnerabilities of individuals and families is crucial in attaining sustainable and inclusive growth. It is through vulnerability reduction that individuals and families can rise above socio-economic and environmental challenges and emerge resilient in adversities. This chapter discusses the situation of the most vulnerable groups in the Region and the government’s performance in reducing the risk of these groups. It also includes strategies to attain a universal and transformative social protection program for all and covers the updates on the asset reform in the Region.

Assessment and Challenges

Reduction in vulnerabilities of individuals of 21.6 percent. The decrease in poverty and families was observed in the Region incidence may be attributed to the fast from 2016 to 2018. Various social economic development of the Region and development and social protection programs the successful implementation of social contributed to the reduction of inherent protection programs such as: the Pantawid and economic risks of the population. Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) that Among the notable improvements include benefitted 307,692 poor households reduction in poverty incidence, in the Region and the Social Pension improvement in child health and Program which covered 176,265 indigent nutrition, expansion of social pension and senior citizens. strengthened social protection programs for OFWs and their families left behind. However, despite the low poverty incidence, For the next three years, CALABARZON CALABARZON is 8th highest in terms of Region will focus on addressing child labor magnitude of poverty among the Regions. incidence, social costs of international Out of the 142 cities and municipalities in migration, pockets of high poverty, the Region, 34 LGUs had poverty incidence declining national higher than 21.6 percent. Quezon Province requires more assistance compared to other Inherent vulnerabilities provinces, as it has the highest poverty incidence in the Region estimated at 22.7 Poverty incidence reduced but pockets of high percent and 29 of the 34 LGUs with pockets poverty still exist. Since 2009, the Region’s of poverty are located in the Province. poverty incidence has been declining To address the presence of pockets of from 11.9 percent to an estimated 9.1 poverty, CALABARZON came up with percent in 2015. It is the second lowest prioritization of the 35 convergence areas for among the Regions, next to NCR with poverty alleviation programs and projects 3.9 percent, and below the national level of the RDC. This initiative was further

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 125 strengthened by the adopt-a-municipality Providing for the Mandatory Philhealth program by state universities and colleges Coverage for All Persons with Disability in the Region. and Republic Act 10645 or Act Providing for Mandatory Philhealth Coverage for Health insurance coverage increased and out- Senior Citizens contributed to maintaining of-pocket expenditure decreased. Percentage the 100 percent availment rate. As a result, of population covered by PhilHealth out-of-pocket expenditure decreased insurance increased from 74 percent from 70.78 percent in 2016 to 46 percent in 2016 to 103.33 percent in 2018. The in 2018. Strict monitoring of No Balance Regional health insurance availment rate Billing and the increase in the percentage of was maintained at 100 percent from 2016 to population covered by PhilHealth insurance 2018 with the effective coordination among significantly contributed to lowering out- LGUs, DSWD and PhilHealth. In addition, of-pocket expenditure. the passage of Republic Act 11228 or Act Table 11.1 CALABARZON Health Insurance Indicators, 2016 to 2018 ACCOMPLISHMENTS (IN PERCENT) 2016 2017 2018 Percentage of Population covered by PhilHealth 74.00 104. 84 103.33 Insurance Regional Health Insurance Availment Rate 100.00 85.00 100.0 Out-of-Pocket Expenditure 70.78 50.55 46.00

Vulnerabilities of children reduced. Children Interventions (SHIELD) against child labor are one of the most vulnerable groups project. Results showed that out of the especially during the first 1,000 days 207 children profiled, 97 were validated as wherein brain and physical development child laborers. With various interventions lay the foundation of future health. Hence, provided, 90.7 percent or 88 children out of the Region stresses the need to address the 97 child laborers were withdrawn from malnutrition, particularly stunting and child labor. The number of child laborers wasting. The National Nutrition Survey assisted from 2016 to 2018 increased showed that stunted and wasted children because of the implementation of the in the country increased from 2015 to 2018 SHIELD project. However, in spite of these, while wasted children slightly decreased for improvements in child labor incidence, is the same time period. Despite the decline still six times higher than the target. in the state of child nutrition and health at the national level, the Region fared Eliminating child labor reduces the better in improving health and nutrition vulnerability of children and economic outcomes for children. Quezon province, in risks of families. The number of families particular, was able to reduce stunting and with child laborers provided with financial wasting as a result of the Quezon First 1000 assistance increased 55 families in 2016 to days program. 100 families reported in 2018. The increase can be attributed to continued profiling In 2011, a total of 174, 051 children from of child laborers at the Barangay level and ages 6 to 17 were already working in on-site interventions for their families. CALABARZON. A validation activity Although an increase was reported, the in three pilot barangays of Catananuan, continued convergence of DOLE and Quezon was conducted through the Strategic DSWD, awareness campaign on child labor Help Desk for Information, Education, profilers, and the new guidelines of DOLE Livelihood and Other Developmental for livelihood grants to avoid duplication 126 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 of beneficiaries with those already included economic and sectoral plans. in the 4Ps resulted to targeted provision of livelihood assistance only to those Convergence for IP concerns intensified. The eligible beneficiaries. IPs who are mostly residing in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDAs) VAW cases increased. Women aged 15-49 have difficulty accessing basic services who have experienced spousal violence such as health and livelihood services. On increased from 18.8 percent in 2013 to September 21, 2018, various IP communities 19.7 percent in 2017. The increase in in the Region gathered and came up with a reported cases of VAW may be the result of manifesto for IP community development. reporting mechanisms in place, gender and The manifesto laid down the needs and development mainstreaming, localization commitments of the IP communities of Magna Carta of Women. However, the towards reducing their vulnerabilities. IP real challenge is to lessen the incidence of communities were identified among the spousal violence. priority convergence areas in the Region. Initial interventions were provided during Social pension for the elderly expanded. the RDC outreach program where a total of Social pension reduces the risks of the 97 Dumagat households and 163 elementary elderly. The social pension coverage of poor pupils benefited from the services senior citizens surpassed targets and went provided by various government agencies up from 85,639 in 2016 to 176,265 in 2018. in the Region. Follow through activities Cavite and Laguna Provinces significantly were also coordinated to sustain the contributed to the increase in coverage of interventions provided. senior citizen social pension by covering an additional 7,260 and 6,518 individuals with Economic risks social pension, respectively. Consequently, the proportion of targeted social pension Social protection programs for OFWs beneficiaries provided with social pension strengthened. The number of OFWs from increased from 96 percent in 2016 to 100 CALABARZON declined from 21 percent percent in 2018. The positive performance in 2016 to 17.9 percent in 2019. However, may be attributed to regular conduct CALABARZON remains to be the top of consultation dialogues and program sending Region of OFWs. To reduce the implementation review with LGUs and risks faced by OFWs and their families social concerned stakeholders. Further, the protection mechanisms such as mandatory sustained compliance of all LGUs in the membership to OWWA were implemented. Region to the 1 percent budget allocation The number of OFW membership to for PWDs/Senior Citizens also contributed OWWA increased from 564, 609 members to the increase in coverage. in 2016 to 1.34 million in 2018. The actual number of members significantly increased Limited interventions for differently-abled from the targets since the accomplishment persons. Differently abled persons are is a consolidated data of OFWs in also vulnerable to many risks because of CALABARZON from Local, Regional, attitudinal, physical and financial barriers. and National Database as well as data from Despite the sustained compliance of LGUs OWWA overseas offices. The increase may in the 1 percent budget allocation for also be attributed to the implementation of programs, projects and activities (PPAs) for OWWA E-Card, Balik Mangagawa Program PWDs and Senior Citizens, there is a need and automatic renewal of membership to incorporate more PWD-responsive PPAs which was implemented during the last and mainstream their concerns in socio- quarter of 2018. The partnership with Land

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 127 Bank for payment of OWWA membership protection interventions. The enhanced also facilitated the increase in membership. community quarantine or lockdown to Consequently, due to mandatory social lessen the effects of the pandemic without security coverage and provision of on-site in-placed protocols further increased services, the percentage of OFWs covered vulnerabilities of the poor, low-income by social security increased from 301,663 in earners, informal sector workers and 2016 to 369,907 in 2018 which was largely OFWs. Challenges in implementing the contributed by the Provinces of Cavite Social Amelioration Program were noted and Rizal. along with the lack of in-placed protocols for reintegration of OFWs. The number of distressed and undocumented OFWs provided with Governance and assistance also increased from 2016 to 2018 due to the occurrence of Middle East political risks financial troubles which affected OFWs from Cavite, Laguna and Rizal and the Peace situation remains stable. The undocumented OFWs which are affected Communist Party of the Philippines - by the amnesty for violators of residency New People’s Army Terrorists operating in law in Kuwait. Assistance to distressed and CALABARZON belongs to the Southern undocumented OFWs was through various Tagalog Regional Party Committee has government interventions on international presence in 19 barangays. The occurrence migration such as Balik Pinas, Balik of internal conflicts can become cyclical Hanap Buhay Program of DOLE, financial as it has been observed that conflict- assistance, soft loans, shelter assistance and prone areas also have high poverty counseling services provided by concerned incidence. Interventions, such as the RDC agencies and provincial one-stop migration outreach program and Yakap Bayan as resource centers. well as the creation of Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict were Informal sector workers access to social conducted to reach out to LGUs identified as protection still limited. Workers in the conflict areas and high poverty areas. Since informal sector and contractual or job 2017, there were seven outreach and Yakap orders in the formal economy are vulnerable Bayan activities conducted which benefited to economic risks because of uncertainty more than 1,000 beneficiaries who were of sources of income or livelihood. To composed of students, senior citizens, drug reduce vulnerabilities of workers in the surrenderees and IPs. informal sector, an increase in the provision emergency employment and/or income Sustainability of programs and projects needs augmentation through livelihood assistance to be ensured. Sustainability of programs were posted from 10,609 in 2017 to 10,965 and projects are most often affected by the in 2019. The increase can be attributed change in political leadership, hence there to partnership with LGUs who acted is a need to reduce risks and institutionalize as accredited Co-Partners and through programs and projects that will contribute monitoring of assisted projects. to the attainment of the country’s long term vision. There is also a need to ensure that Protocols for social protection of vulnerable LGUs are ready for implementing devolved population needs to be developed and functions and major programs given that implemented. The COVID-19 pandemic they will have more responsibility with made most of the population in the world the approval of the Mandana’s Case or the vulnerable, requiring massive social implementation of the recent Supreme

128 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Court ruling on the computation of the increased from 29,409 in 2017 to 32,867 Internal Revenue Allotment for LGUs. in 2018. The overall increase in workers in the informal sector beneficiaries can be Mainstreaming cross-cutting concerns. To attributed to strengthened partnerships with help address vulnerabilities and mitigate LGUs, conduct of coordination meetings, impacts of future disasters and hazards, it and implementation of the DOLE Tulong is important to mainstream Disaster Risk Panghanapbuhay sa Ating Disadvantaged/ Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Displaced Workers (TUPAD) program. Adaptation (CCA) measures into local development policies, plans, and budgets Zero casualty still unmet. Deaths, missing such as CLUPs. Hence, the formulation and injured persons due to natural and updating of CLUPs has become the disasters decreased from 2016 to 2018 primary strategy in the rehabilitation and with the awareness and vigilance of the recovery program (RRP) for Taal Volcano population on managing risks brought affected communities. Aside from CLUP about by natural disasters, the availability updating under RRP, other programs will of accurate warning systems and the be implemented including the review, expansion of sectoral DRRM trainings. enhancement, and properly communicating On the other hand, the number of affected the contingency plan down to barangay population due to human-induced disasters level, and coordination with professionals increased from 2016 to 2018 mainly due to who are skilled in the of conduct of psycho- vehicular accidents. social services. Apart from the social subsector services, PPAs on the various cross- Social recovery needs of vulnerable cutting concerns such as environmental populations highlighted. On March 11, protection and sustainability, gender DSWD Region IV-A reported that a total responsiveness, poverty reduction, culture of 99,434 families or 397,190 persons were sensitivity, and local governance will be affected by the Taal Volcano eruption. mainstreamed and implemented. Meanwhile, 17,107 houses were totally and partially damaged, hence majority of the Natural and human- affected population stayed in evacuation centers or with their friends and relatives. induced risks Given the number of internally displaced and their increased vulnerabilities, it was Assistance to disaster-affected households recognized that there is a need to ensure sustained. From 2016 to 2018, 100 percent that social recovery is addressed with of disaster-affected households werethe same intensity as infrastructure and assisted to early recovery stage: the conduct economic measures. of regular monitoring of food and non-food items to maintain the appropriate quantity Improved implementation of agrarian reform of stockpile; commitment of organized program. The land distributed under the community volunteers; warehouse and Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program construction management; and effective increased from 1,083 hectares in 2016 implementation of food-for-work led to the to 2,494 hectares in 2018 surpassing its sustained initiative and accomplishment of target. All provinces, except for Laguna, the targets. contributed to the attainment of the target. Distribution of land in Laguna province Workers in the informal sector provided was hampered by problematic landholdings. emergency employment and/or income The improved performance can be augmentation through livelihood assistance attributed to regular conduct of consultation

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 129 dialogue and program implementation tools for child labor profiling, VAW desk review with LGUs and stakeholders, as well monitoring, international migration as synchronization of targets at the start of monitoring tools for both documented and the year. undocumented migrants, and casualties of natural and human-induced hazards. The number of agrarian reform communities (ARCs) served was sustained Collection of local data needs to be at 122 from 2016 to 2018 while the number strengthened. Local data collection must of new agrarian reform beneficiaries’ also be strengthened particularly on data (ARBs) membership in ARCs significantly on international migration investment, decreased from 26, 501 in 2016 to 1,802 savings and remittances, ratio of total in 2018. Despite the decline, the 2018 government spending in social protection accomplishment surpassed target in 2018 to the national budget, Regional data on by 726 new ARBs. However, in terms of the health and nutrition, particularly on number of ARB organizations served, the children and data on interventions for Region fell short by 5 ARB organizations for differently-abled persons. 2018 target. There was also a slight decline of organizations served from 267 in 2016 to Enhancement of the social protection 266 in 2018. framework. While the Social Protection Operational Framework is being used Cross-cutting concerns as reference in the implementation of various social protection programs, there is still a need to enhance the framework Harmonization of data collection tools. and make it more inclusive by expanding There has been a clamor among various social insurance to also cover the informal implementing agencies to harmonize sector and the unemployed as well as by data collection tools of various social mainstreaming SP at the local level. development interventions. This includes Action Plan

Strategic Framework implementation but more so in monitoring and evaluation of the outcomes and impacts To ensure reduction in vulnerabilities of of various social protection programs. individuals and families, there is a need for Hence, the strategic framework will focus more coherent social protection programs on reducing inherent vulnerabilities, which promotes integration and convergence economic risks, environmental and natural of initiatives not only in planning and risks, governance and political risks, and other cross-cutting strategies.

130 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 11.1 Strategic Framework to Reduce Vulnerability of Individuals and Families

Targets Table 11.2 Plan Targets to Reduce Vulnerability of Individual and Families BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS DATA 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Individual Risks Percentage of out-of-pocket expenditure over 70.78% 64% 62% 60% PhilHealth/ total health expenditure decreased (2017) DOH Regional Health Insurance Program Availment 100% 100% 100% 100% PHIC Rate (%) (2016) Number of victims of child labor assisted 24 (2016) 25 25 20 DSWD (number of child laborers) Proportion of children aged 5-17 years 100% 100% 100% 100% DSWD removed in child labor increased (%) (2018) Social Protection Index Poverty Incidence for basic sectors Children Women

Youth Senior Citizens Percentage of population covered by PhilHealth 74% (2016) Increasing Increasing 100% PhilHealth insurance (cumulative) Enrolment in PhilHealth 100% 100% 100% 100% PhilHealth (2016)

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 131 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS DATA 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Coverage of PhilHealth 81% (2016) 94% 97% 100% PhilHealth Number of poor senior citizens covered by 85,639 247,313 259,678 272,658 DSWD social pension (Senior Citizen's Law) increased (2016) (Number of eligible senior citizens who received social pension) f Number of LGUs in compliance to 1% allocation 5 (2016) 136 142 147 DSWD, DILG. for PWDs/Senior Citizens increased DOH, LGUs Number of Conditional Cash Transfer 316,164 318,732 318,732 318,732 DSWD beneficiaries covered (cumulative) (2016) Percentage of women aged 15-49 who have 18.8 (2013) - - - PSA experienced spousal violence Economic Risks Percentage of economically active population SSS contributing to SSS pension scheme increased (cumulative) Proportion of economically active population SSS, GSIS with social insurance f (Percentage of households covered by social insurance) Number of OFW membership to OWWA 544,609 661,976 695,074 729,828 OWWA increased (cumulative) (2016) Percentage of OFWs covered by the social 301,663 366,673 385,007 404,425 OWWA security increased (2016) Percentage of employed in the government 37888 TBD TBD TBD GSIS, SSS covered by GSIS (Laguna) 34,77 (Batangas) Number of families with child laborers provided 55 (2016) - - - DOLE with livelihood assistance f Percentage of employed in the government 37888 TBD TBD TBD GSIS, SSS covered by GSIS (Laguna) 34,77 (Batangas) Number of families with child laborers provided 55 (2016) - - - DOLE with livelihood assistance f Number of families with child laborers provided 55 DOLE DSWD with livelihood assistance f (2016) Environmental and Natural Risks Percentage of Families affected by natural and 100% 100% 100% 100% DSWD human-induced disasters provided with relief (2016) assistance Number of Households provided Emergency 1,251 24,300 21,870 19,683 DSWD shelter assistance (Percentage of households (2016) with damaged houses provided with emergency shelter assistance) f Proportion of emergency loan applications GSIS by calamity-affected GSIS members and pensioners granted f Workers in the informal sector provided 51,437 TBD TBD TBD DOLE emergency employment and/or income (2016) augmentation thru livelihood assistance Number of deaths attributed to natural disaster RDRRMC/PNP per 100,000 population decreased Number of deaths attributed to human-induced RDRRMC/PNP disaster per 100,000 population decreased

132 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS DATA 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Number of missing persons attributed to RDRRMC/PNP disaster per 100,000 population decreased N u m b e r o f m i s s i n g p e r s o n s a t t r i b u t e d t o RDRRMC/PNP natural disasters per 100,000 population decreased Land tenure security and protection for IPs and 1 (2017) 0 2 2 DAR, NCIP farmers ensured f Area distributed under CARP increased through 191,676 1,282 1,274 1,200 DAR emancipation patent (EP)/ certificate of land (2016) ownership award (CLOA) (ha.) Agrarian Reform Communities (ARCs) 122 (2016) 122 122 122 DAR served sustained Number of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries 267 (2016) 266 266 267 DAR Organization (ARBOs) served in ARCs & Non-ARCs increased/ sustained Number of New Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries 26,501 1,685 1,735 1,785 DAR (ARBs) membership in Organization in ARCs (2016) increased/sustained Governance and Political Risks Ratio of total government speding in SP to GRDP increased f Ratio of total government spending in SP to the national budget increased f Note: a Actual data as of December 2015, or most recent available data. May not necessarily be year-end values b Numerical target is preferred. Should be aligned with national/central office targets. c Source document d Agency accountable for delivering the outputs/achievement of outcomes (can be multiple) e Lead agency responsible for reporting progress on indicator targets to NEDA f Updated PDP 2017-2022 core indicators

Strategies of social welfare and development index for implementation in2020 to 2022 as well The Region will continue to implement as voluntary exit of families that achieved programs and projects, and support sufficiency must also be encouraged. Hence, policies that will reduce the vulnerability of the need to formulate and implement individuals and families to build resiliency a transition program for graduating and address the root causes of the various 4Ps beneficiaries in partnership with types of risks. other concerned agencies to ensure that beneficiaries have sustainable means to stay The Region has identified strategies out of poverty. that would focus on improving the implementation of social protection Strict implementation of programs for program as follows: children. The Region through the Regional Sub-Committee for the Welfare of Children Strengthen convergence mechanism for should strictly monitor the implementation poverty alleviation. Aside from the sustained of programs significant to child’s survival, implementation of the Regional Poverty development, protection and participation Convergence Program, there is also a need to help eliminate all forms of abuse such to expand 4Ps to include newly identified as child labor and trafficking. Among poor households and conduct of impact the programs that needs to be prioritized assessment of the program. Determination include replication and institutionalization

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 133 of the SHIELD Project, reactivation of the of core responses; 3) building adaptive CALABARZON Child Labor Committee, capacities at all levels of implementation harmonization of existing child labor and 4) institutionalizing monitoring and database for efficient targeting, strict evaluation system. There is also a need to monitoring, reporting and fast response make the social protection framework more on child labor cases and conduct of impact inclusive by expanding social insurance to study on Kabuhayan para sa Magulang ng cover the informal sector workers and the Batang Mangagawa (KASAMA) Program. unemployed. This will reduce the gap in To combat malnutrition and stunting at social insurance coverage which caters only the earliest, full implementation of the First to those in the formal economy. 1000 days law, Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health law and addressing Increase resiliency of the population to teenage pregnancy is recommended. natural and human-induced disaster. The Region still needs to strengthen its DRR- Strict implementation of laws related to CCA efforts since we have yet to achieve persons with disabilites (PWDs). In terms of zero casualties target during disaster events. access and coverage of social pension and There is a need to intensify trainings on services for PWDs, validation and creation DRRM and increase RDMMC coverage of database or registry is crucial. There is also of disaster-related trainings. The Region a need to prioritize PWD concerns in the will also push for proactive disaster utilization of 1 percent budget allocation for preparedness and intensify information and PWDs and senior citizens and mainstream advocacy campaigns. CALABARZON will their concerns in socio-economic and other also push for innovations in early warning sectoral development plans. The Region will systems, effective and efficient utilization of also push for the enactment of disability DRRM funds and harmonized monitoring support trust fund. and reporting tools of natural and human- induced disasters. Enactment of evacuation Intensify program for OFs and their families. center act with women, child, elderly and The RDC through the Committee on differently-abled person’s friendly. Migration and Development will continue to conduct programs and recommend Promote convergence to address cross-cutting policies, to minimize the social risks of concerns. CALABARZON will strengthen OFs and their families and to maximize the its convergence mechanisms to address economic benefits. Among these programs cross-cutting concerns. Harmonization are the reintegration program for OFWs, and localization of data will be prioritized, Balik Scientist Program, mandatory social particularly to address the limitations in security coverage, strengthen mechanisms providing interventions for child labor, documenting undocumented migrants, internal and international migrants, and bilateral agreements with host countries, differently-abled persons, among others. migration and migration-related data at The harmonized database and available local the local level and One-Stop-Migration data will serves as a basis for formulation of Resource Centers at the provincial and gender-responsive social protection plan. LGU level. Improvements in the implementation of Adopt the implementation strategies in the the social protection framework will also be Social Protection Operational Framework prioritized for the next three years. Focus and Strategy. The Social Protection will be on the smooth transition of informal Operational Framework and Strategy workers to the formal economy and social include: 1) scaling up of community-driven insurance for the informal and unemployed development; 2) converging in the delivery members of the community. To support

134 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 this strategy, the Region will further experience showed that service providers advocate gender and development (GAD) used different database systems from various mainstreaming and implementation of the reporting and monitoring forms with GAD plan and budget to address identified different submission schedules. Hence the gender issues. need to develop centralized data collection using uniform and comprehensive tool Develop a harmonized and unified database and uniform reporting timelines in terms system. One of the major challenges in of data generation and data submission implementing social services and social to minimize confusion and duplication protection programs based on Taal Volcano of efforts. eruption and COVID-19 pandemic Major Programs and Projects • Comprehensive Elderly Care Program • Gender-responsive Disaster Risk • Comprehensive PWD Welfare Program Reduction and Management Programs • Comprehensive Child • National ID System Implementation Protection Program • Centralized and Unified Database System • Conditional Cash Transfer Program • SHIELD Project • Reintegration and Social Protection Programs for OFs Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Amend Republic Act 8972 on Benefits and This will increase the benefit package for solo parents. Privileges to Solo Parents and their children No Balance Billing Strengthen implementation and monitoring to increase awareness of the population regarding NBB benefits, ensure compliance of health institutions and reduce out-of-pocket expenditure. Inclusion of migration indicators in the Seal of The Region is among the top sending Regions of international migrants Good Local Governance (SGLG) and top receiving Region of internal migrants, hence the need to ensure that social protection for both international and internal migrants by institutionalization of migration and development (M&D) mechanisms in the Region. To ensure that mechanisms are in place and functional, inclusion of M&D indicators in the SGLG is being proposed. Enactment of Evacuation Center Act This will address the needs of women, children, differently-abled and elderly in times of disaster. Policy or ordinance on LGUs’ Comprehensive This will help LGUs develop responsive, comprehensive and inclusive Social Protection Program social protection programs and projects as well as avoid duplication of social protection interventions.

Chapter 11 Reducing Vulnerabilities of Individuals and Families | 135 136 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 137 138 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities

Shelter is one of the basic physiological needs that humans should satisfy to survive and most of the Filipinos aspire to own a medium-sized home as stated in AmBisyon Natin 2040.

Recognizing the need to build and improve people’s access to safe and secure communities, and to meet the aspirations of Filipinos, the government prioritized, among others, the creation of the Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD) that aims to ensure safe, secure, habitable, sustainable and resilient communities by crafting a national strategy to address provision of housing for all. The creation of DHSUD also aims to shift from a fragmeneted government approach to a more comprehensive and holistic view in improving access to safe and secure human settlements.

Prior to the approval of DHSUD, key shelter agencies have launched the Building Adequate, Livable, Affordable and Inclusive Filipino Communities (BALAI) program which strengthens partnership among shelter agencies and housing developers to narrow down housing backlogs.

This chapter presents the Region’s situation in terms of building safe and secure communities. It also identifies strategies and priority programs, projects and legislative agenda to address the issues and challenges of the housing sector.

Assessment and Challenges

The Constitution provides that the State financing, home mortgages and guarantees, shall undertake, in cooperation with the among others. private sector, a continuing program of urban land reform and housing which will Direct housing assistance make available at affordable cost, decent housing and basic services to under- Housing production for informal settler privileged and homeless citizens in urban families resettlement declined. Housing units centers and resettlement areas. completed declined from 2016 to 2018 due to delay in the release of funds and in the Prior to the enactment of the 1987 issuance of permits, licenses, clearances, Constitution, the government approved a and other documentary requirements, National Shelter Program (NSP) which aims among others. to assist low- and middle-income families in meeting their housing needs through Community Mortgage Program take outs housing production, community-driven improved. The number of Community housing programs, retail and development Mortgage Program take outs improved from

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 139 2016 to 2019. The increase maybe attributed Indirect housing to the newly developed modalities, like vertical Community Mortgage Program assistance for vertical housing, to the established partnership of local government units Approved new guaranty enrolments with non-government organization increased. Approved new guaranty mobilizers who assist families in organizing enrolments increased from 8,015 in 2016 themselves into associations to qualify for to 16,036 in 2018 with the improvements the program, and to the decentralization in marketing strategies, such as, provision of Social Housing Finance Corporation of discount premiums and rebates, which (SHFC) operations. increased bank clients.

High Density Housing Program implemented Licensed to sell issued declined. The number but slightly below target. The Region of licenses to sell issued has been declining recorded its first high density housing since 2016 as developers could not comply program take outs in 2019, with 2,568 take with the establishment of socialized housing outs which is below 2019 target of 3,368. projects which is a requirement prior to Among the reasons for the unmet target is issuance of license to sell. the delay in the project implementation and completion due to failure to comply to site LGUs provided CLUP assistance increased. development requirements. The inclusion of Comprehensive Land Use Plan as one of the criteria for the Seal Steady increase in housing loan availment. of Good Local Governance increased the Housing loan availment steadily increased demand for assistance in CLUP preparation. from 2016 to 2018. The steady increase maybe attributed to the competitive interest Housing loan receivables secured improved. rate of 3 percent for Affordable Housing Loan The increased in new housing development Program and 5.375 percent for End-user projects and competitive market rate Financing Program as well as to the regular contributed to the increase in the application conduct of orientations for developer and for the Housing Loan Receivables pre-evaluation of housing loan documents Purchase Program. while units are being constructed. Table 12.1 National Shelter Program Direct Housing Assistance Annual Accomplishments, 2017-2019 ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENTS BASELINE AGENCY as of (2016) 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 June 2019 A. Housing Productiona NHA 9,215 22,041 20,360 16,554 2,898 1,720 5,229 Resettlement for ISFs 8,590 4,806 4,806 1,000 1,775 1,720 1,000 Resettlement for ISFs (Supreme - 16,112 15,554 15,554 - -- 4,229 Court Mandamus) AFP/PNP Housing Program 625 1,123 1,123 Settlements Upgrading ------Housing Assistance Program for ------Calamity Victims Permanent Housing ------HOMA ------

140 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENTS BASELINE AGENCY as of (2016) 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 June 2019 Others (Vertical Development, ------Employee's Housing) B. Community-Driven Housing SHFC 2,891 ------1,023 2,994 -- Program Community Mortgage Program 2,891 no Regional breakdown of target 1,023 2,994 -- High Density Housing Program 0 no Regional breakdown of target 0 0 -- C. Retail and Development HDMF Financing End-User Financing 7,932 11,415 8,171 8,670 10,265 13,263 7,231

Socialized Housing 2,326 7,353 2,301 2,513 3,113 4,572 2,045 Low-Cost Housing 5,563 3,957 5,701 5,980 7,087 8,592 5,118 Medium Cost Housing 26 88 121 126 42 59 49 Open Market 17 17 48 51 23 40 19 Total Socialized Housingb NHA/ 14,432 ------7,034 9,286 7,274 SHFC/ Total Direct Housing Provision 20,038 ------14,186 17,977 12,460 HDMF (Excluding HOMA)c Source: HUDCC/DHSUD, NHA, SHFC, HDMF Notes: a In house units only b Exclude low-cost, medium-cost and open market housing c Sum of Housing Production, Community Driven Housing Program, and Retail and Development Financing d Include only Laguna, Batangas and Quezon. The data for Cavite and Rizal is with HDMF-NCR and they do not have breakdown per provinces Table 12.2 National Shelter Program Indirect Housing Assistance Annual Accomplishments, 2017-2019 ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENTS BASELINE AGENCY as of (2016) 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 June 2019 A. New Guaranty Enrolments HGC 7,902 16,036 Socialized Housing 8015 No Target per HGC 235 271 Low-cost Housing No Target per HGC 5,994 13,984 Medium-cost housing No Target per HGC 789 1,256 Open Housing No Target per HGC 884 525 B. License to Sell HLURB 250 114 192 232 227 C. LGUs provided CLUP 18 7 13 35 50 Assistance D. Housing Loan Receivable NHMFC 2,044 257 Purchase Program Source: HGC, HLURB, NHMFC

Despite that majority of the housing Presence of slums increases the risk of programs performed better, the housing transmission of infectious diseases. The sector has identified several challenges presence of slums characterized by high that need to be addressed immediately to density and poor living environment further improve its performance and meet increases the risk of transmission of the housing needs in the Region. infectious diseases. In the current

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 141 Table 12.3 Accomplishments in Building a Safe and Resilient Communities BASELINE VALUE ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENTS as of MALE FEMALE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 June 2019 Proportion of urban 2.6 2.4 ------population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate housing decreased (%) (2015) Proportion of socialized housing ------targets met to housing needs improved (%) Proportion of low-cost housing ------targets met to housing needs improved (%)

COVID-19 pandemic, the issues on people susceptible to hazards and to increased urban population density and identify appropriate solutions. the declining quality of the environment were identified as among the contributing Lack of accurate and updated data on factors in the wide spread of the disease, housing need to be established. The need for together with other factors such as higher accurate and updated data on housing is older population, climate, access to health fundamental issue that needs to be resolved care system, among others. As such, there immediately to better estimate housing is a need to fast track the implementation needs and improve targeting and profiling of housing projects either in-city of beneficiaries as well as monitoring resettlement or Balik Probinsya, Bagong accomplishments of housing projects. This Pag-asa Program to ensure that no family would also help in identifying families would live in a slum community. residing in slums and in hazard prone areas.

Settlements in hazard prone areas. In the Implementation issues in the production recent Taal Volcano Eruption, there are of housing need to be addressed. Delay in around 6,803 persons living in Taal Volcano the completion and delivery of housing Island which is declared as a permanent projects persist due to delay in the release danger zone. Moreover, an estimated of funds and in the issuance of permits, 525,626 persons are residing in areas licenses, clearances, and other documentary surrounding Taal Volcano Island which are requirements, among others. As such, the susceptible to base surge. As such, there is a Region identified and reiterated the need need for a permanent housing projects for to further strengthen partnership between the families from the Taal Volcano Island key shelter agencies and local government and other areas affected by fissures while units to ease delays in submission of low environmental impact development documentary requirements for the release coupled with mitigation measures is of permits as well as budget. recommended for other areas susceptible to base surge. Local government units should fast track the preparation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation enhanced Comprehensive Land Use Plans to identify areas and

142 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Action Plan Strategic Framework to housing opportunities, particularly by 1) accelerating housing production; Under the pillar Pagbabago or reducing 2) enhancing affordability of housing inequality the sector will continue to for the low-income market; and 3) strengthen socioeconomic resiliency ensuring livability and sustainability of by continuosly building safe and secure human settlements. communities through expanding access

Figure 12.1 Strategic Framework to Build Safe and Secure Communities

Targets

Table 12.4 Plan Targets to Build Safe and secure Communities, 2020-2022 BASELINE VALUE ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS MALE FEMALE 2020 2021 2022 Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD settlements or inadequate housing decreased (%) (2015) Proportion of socialized housing targets met to housing TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD needs improved (%) Proportion of low-cost housing targets met to housing TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD needs improved (%) Number of socialized housing units delivered (Cumulative)* TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

Number of low-cost housing units delivered (Cumulative)* TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 143 Table 12.5 Direct Housing Provision Targets (in units/households), 2020-2022 PROGRAMS AGENCY 2020 2021 2022 TOTAL Direct Housing Provision Targets 1. NHA Direct Housing Provision without HOMA NHA TBD TBD TBD Resettlement TBD TBD TBD Resettlement for Supreme Court Mandamus 16,112 16,112

Settlements Upgrading TBD TBD TBD Cost Recoverable Housing (Employee's Housing) TBD TBD TBD High-Impact Projects (Mixed-Used Development) TBD TBD TBD Housing Assistance Program for Calamity Victims (Permanent TBD TBD TBD Housing only) 2. Community Mortgage Program SHFC No Regional breakdown of target 3. Retail & Development Financing (End-user Financing) HDMF TBD TBD TBD 3.1 Socialized Housing (SH) TBD TBD TBD 3.2 Low Cost Housing (LC) TBD TBD TBD 3.3 Medium Cost (MC) TBD TBD TBD 3.4 Open Market (OM) Source: DHSUD Table 12.6 Indirect Housing Provision Targets (in units/households), 2020-2022 PROGRAMS AGENCY 2020 2021 2022 TOTAL Indirect Housing Provision Targets 1. New Guaranty Enrolments HGC To Target; Demand Driven a. Socialized Housing - Socialized Housing Loans

- Small Housing Loans b. Low Cost Housing c. Medium Cost Housing d. Open Housing 2. License to Sell (housing units licensed) HLURB TBD TBD TBD 3. LGUs Provided CLUP Assistance TBD TBD TBD 4. Housing Loan Receivable Purchase Program NHMFC TBD TBD TBD Source: DHSUD Strategies in advance of actual need to address the availability of land in urban areas in Expand access to housing support to the in-city resettlement opportunities by accelerating approach. Likewise, usufruct will be promoted as an alternative form of housing production providing secure tenure to urban poor. The National Urban Development and Housing Adopt viable land acquisition approaches. The Framework (NUDHF) also encourages utilization of government-owned idle land urban infill to optimized existing spaces in is one of the initiatives of the government built-up areas. to increase available land for socialized housing. The Region also encourages land Implement a unified, seamless housing banking which refers to the acquisition development transactions processing for of land at values based on exisiting use home buyers and developers. In line with

144 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient shall integrate sustainable livelihood and Government Service Delivery Act of 2018, employment as component of socialized the Region shall support the establishment housing projects. of a housing One-Stop Processing Center to fast track processing of housing-related Strengthen primary and further develop permits, clearance and licenses issues by secondary mortgage markets. The national government agencies and local competitive interest rate of 3 percent for governement units. Affordable Housing Loan Program and 5.375 percent for End-user Financing Review effectiveness of the implementation Program of Pag-IBIG must be of the balanced housing development. The sustained to further improved access of Region recorded a decline in the issuance Pag-IBIG members to housing loan take- of license to sell due to low compliance outs. On the other hand, the secondary of developers on the establishment of mortgage programs of the National Home socialized housing project. The Mortgage Finance Corporation must be Balanced Housing Development Program further developed in terms og expanding Amendments Act of 2016 requires owners access and coverage through continued and developers of subdivisions and marketing of NHMFC housing programs condominium projects to develop an area to originators and their buyers and creating for socialized housing equivalent to at least partnership with other financial institutions 15 percent of the total subdivision area or like cooperatives, rural banks and local total subdivision cost, and at least 5% of governments among others. condominium area or project cost. Hence, there is a need for a comprehensive review Ensure livability and sustainability of the effectiveness of the implementation of of human settlements the balanced housing program to institute measures to improve its implementation. Fully mainstream program convergence budgeting in housing and resettlement. Phased implementation of housing Program Convergence Budgeting (PCB) development. A phased implementation is a budgeting approach to facilitate of housing projects is necessary to help and incentivize coordination between ensure fiscal discipline and improve budget agencies on priority inter-agency programs utilization rate of key shelter agencies. like housing and resettlement. PCB in housing and resettlement aims to improve Enhance housing affordability for coordination among concerned agencies low income market in the delivery of auxiliary services such as school buildings, day care center, health Improve and expand housing finance centers and livelihood support services in program coupled with increasing families’ resettlment sites. capacity to pay. In line with NUDHF’s strategies to improve affordability of Stricter enforcement of compliance with housing projects, the Region also building code. NGAs and LGUs must encourages the improvement and strictly monitor compliance of developers, expansion of housing finance program contractors and private homebuilders on like to Community Mortgage Program standard building and design standards to to increase approved loan applications of ensure resilient housing. informal settler families. Likewise, key shelter agencies in collaboration with Adopt a community-driven development economic and social welfare agencies approach in shelter provision. The DHSUD

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 145 shall promote community-driven their mandate on shelter provision. Hence, development (CDD) approach in entire there is a need to intensify provision of human settlements development process. technical assistance on the formulation CDD encourages volunteerism among of LSPs as well as to incentivize the the housing beneficiaries in terms of LSP formulation to encourage LGUs to selecting project site, designing housing prioritize the preparation of the Plan. unit, and construction of houses, among others. CDD provides a sense of ownership Fast track the preparation of Resettlement among the beneficiaries, hence, it may help Action Plan for Families Affected by Taal ensure increase in occupancy rate, improve Volcano Eruption. The Taal Shelter Task efficiency in the collection of housing loan Force should continue its coordination amortization, improve estate management activities through virtual meetings to fast and ensure inclusive access to and control track the preparation of Resettlement Plan of housing and human settlement services for families from Taal Volcano Island. and benefits. Participatory approach in developing the Resettlement Plan and in making Operationalize the National Resettlement decisions regarding the site options, shelter Policy Framework. The DHSUD shall fully designs, and basic requirements, among implement the National Resettlement Policy others should be adopted to ensure the Framework for informal settler families effectiveness and sustainability of which will be displaced by the government the resettlement. programs or natural disasters and those residing in hazard prone areas. Cross-cutting

Mainstream local shelter planning in the Strengthen partnerships with stakeholders. Comprehensive Land Use Plans of cities Strengthening partnerships among and municipalities. One of the major stakeholders would help fast track the challenges of the housing sector is the low implementation of housing projects as compliance of LGUs in the preparation of it eases the delays in the release of funds Local Shelter Plan (LSP) which provides and documentary requirements and the details on current and projected improve compliance on balanced housing housing needs and strategies to address development. The government will harness housing and urban development concerns. the services of volunteers in delivering basic The LSP is an important document that social services, responding to disasters and would enable LGUs to effectively implement undertaking humanitarian efforts. Major Programs and Projects • Building Adequate, Livable, Affordable and Inclusive or “BALAI” Program • Regional Resettlement Action Plan • National Informal Settlements Upgrading Strategy • Public rental housing • Mixed-use housing development • Housing microfinance program • Voucher-type direct subsidies • Inventory of lands and cadastral survey

146 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE National Land Use Act The proposed National Land Use Act aims to establish a national land use framework that will define the indicative priorities for land utilization and allocation across settlement, infrastructure, production and protective uses and integrate efforts, monitors development related to land use, and evolve policies, regulations and directions of land use planning process. Idle Land Tax The passage of a national policy mandating the imposition of idle land tax will push landowners to find economic uses for idle properties, this would impact economic growth and development in rural areas.

Chapter 12 Building Safe and Secure Communities | 147 148 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 149 150 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 151 152 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend

The demographic dividend is the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65 and older).During this period, the economy can enjoy a boost economic growth with more of its people are productive than those who are dependents or the non-working population. The Region can reap the effects of the demographic dividend with more talented and skilled people in the labor force.

Major factors that affect demographic dividend are fertility and mortality rates. Meanwhile, factors to maximize the benefits of demographic dividend are improved human capital, employment opportunities and savings build-up.

This chapter discusses the Region’s performance in terms of demographic transition and maximizing the gains from demographic dividend. The priority measures are improving human capital of the youth.

Assessment and Challenges Population size health programs implemented by the national government and LGUs. Population is the highest among Regions but growth rate had decreased significantly. In The significant decrease of growth rate 2015, CALABARZON overtaken NCR as reduced the population of children under the most populous Region in the country five years old. This will prompt the Region with more than 14 million people. Most to hit the demographic sweet spot much significantly, population growth rate earlier than other Regions. Shown in decreased from 3.91 percent in 2000 to figure 13.1 the population pyramid of 2.58 percent in 2015. This can be attributed CALBARZON in 2010 and 2015. on the results of extensive reproductive

Table 13.1 CALABARZON Population and Population Growth Rate POPULATION GROWTH RATE (%) 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015 AVE. 80 90 2000 2010 2015 4,603,435 6,349,452 9,320,629 12,609,803 14,414,774 3.21 3.27 3.91 3.07 2.58 3.37

Source: PSA

Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 153 Figure 13.1 Population Pyramid, CALABARZON, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015

Fertility rate More families observed family planning through the use of modern contraceptives. An average of 2.6 babies were born alive to More families used modern contraceptives women aged 15-49 in 2018. Based on the as a means of modern family planning 2017 National Demographic and Health as observed in the increase of prevalence Survey, the total fertility rate of women aged rate from 37.12 percent in 2017 to 47.51 15-49 years old was recorded at 2.6 percent percent in 2018, meeting the 35 percent which is within the 2.8 target. This can be target. The 10.4 percentage points increase attributed to the preventive measures being in the prevalence rate can be attributed to conducted by different agencies and LGUs, the implementation of the Executive Order such as responsible parenthood/family 12, s. 2017 or Zero Unmet Need for Modern session, teenage pregnancy symposium, Family Planning, increase in the advocacy to film showing, among others. LGUs, and multi-stakeholder engagement on the modern family planning. Quezon Province has the highest prevalence rate on use of contraceptives while Rizal has the least at 33.16 percent.

Table 13.2 Modern Contraceptives Prevalence Rate (in percent) by Province, 2017-2018 2017 2018 PROVINCE TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL CALABARZON 30 37.12 35 47.51 Cavite 37.12 47.62 Laguna 32.37 49.66 Batangas 41.23 43.71 Rizal 45.58 33.16 Quezon 37.28 68.87 Source: DOH Region IV-A Mortality rates declined rate decreased from 3.84 percent to 3.64 percent compared from the previous year, Crude birth and death rate decreased in meeting the 6.0 percent target. This implies 2018 as compared to 2017. Crude birth that the population, in general, is living in rate decreased from 12.2 percent in 2017 a relatively healthy environment with the to 11.16 percent in 2018 meeting the 19.0 assistance of government programs. percent target. Meanwhile, crude death

154 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Fewer mothers die during pregnancy and contributed in coming up with Quezon’s child birth. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) accurate data. reduced from 49.13 deaths per 100,000 livebirths in 2017 to 39.23 deaths in 2018 Fewer children under-five years old died which is within the 70 deaths target for in 2018. The under-five mortality rate 2018. The decrease in the MMR can be (U5MR) decreased from 13.40 deaths per attributed to PhilHealth’s Maternity Care 1,000 livebirths in 2017 to 13.37 deaths per Package, accreditation of health facilities, 1,000 livebirths in 2018, which is within and ongoing improvement and engagement the 25.0 target for 2018. Quezon has the of private facilities in service delivery highest contribution with 22.02 deaths per networks. Among the provinces, Cavite 1,000 livebirths while Batangas has the least posted the highest MMR at 73.80 deaths at 7.78 deaths per 1,000 livebirths. Quezon per 100,000 livebirths exceeding the target Province’s decrease in the U5MR can be while Quezon posted the least at 9.12 attributed to its First 1,000 Days of Life deaths. Quezon is also the most improved Program which gives health interventions among the provinces in terms of the and services to pregnant mothers from MMR, from 86.35 in 2017 to 9.12 in 2018. conception to two years old for the first The 77.23 difference can be attributed 1,000 days is important in child’s health and to the conducted maternal death review brain development. Also, the continuous (MDR), among others. The MDR provided and strengthened advocacy campaign and information on the medical, social, and promotion of maternal and child health health system factors to address the gaps programs in communities and schools in health and birthing service provisions. lessened maternal and child death. Further, data cleaning and validation

Table 13.3 Maternal Mortality Ratio by Province, 2017-2018 2017 2018 PROVINCE TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL CALABARZON 70 49.13 70 39.23 Cavite 46.49 73.80 Laguna 39.22 31.83 Batangas 43.01 22.87 Rizal 46.51 43.97 Quezon 86.35 9.12 Note: computation of MMR is per 100,000 livebirths Source: DOH Region IV-A

Table 13.4 Under-Five Mortality Rate by Province, 2017-2018 2017 2018 PROVINCE TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL CALABARZON 25 13.4 25 13.37 Cavite 13.65 14.1 Laguna 10.87 12.75 Batangas 9.25 7.78 Rizal 10.29 12.87 Quezon 18.75 22.02 Note: computation of U5MR is per 100,000 livebirths Source: DOH Region IV-A

Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 155 Quality of human mother is undernourished or too young to bear children. Young adolescents have capital improved immature reproductive system. Further, teenage mothers, especially those from Improving the quality of human capital is low-income household, have less access to key to increase productivity and household prenatal check-up and health services. The income. This is critical in harnessing the advent and popularity of mobile gadgets demographic dividend. and other technological entertainment Improving human capital starts from the consoles, unhealthy eating, and declining womb as healthy babies grow into healthy popularity of sports and its personalities children. Healthy children have more may have contributed to a sedentary chances of finishing school and developing lifestyle among children that led to obesity their skills into productive and smart adults. or overweight. A quality education system is already in Kinder to Grade 12 enrollment rate increased. place to produce educated and skilled For SY 2018-2019, the enrollment rate labor force with the implementation of increased by 3.50 percent. Enrollees for SY K-12 program. Increased infrastructures 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 were recorded on education and health facilities are at 3,678,110 and 3,806,792, respectively. covered in the Build, build, build Program Primary education completion was 98.4 to accommodate classroom and health percent and 90.7 percent completion rate service demands which will be discussed in also increased for junior high school. These Chapter 19. high completion rates can be attributed Stunting is prevalent in the Region. In 2015, to the implementation of programs, 27.7 percent of children under five years old projects, and activities aligned to K to were stunted, higher than the 25.2 percent 12 education curriculum, such as setting in 2013. Meanwhile, of children under five of early registration schedules, school- years old 7.6 percent were wasted in 2015. based feeding program and the voucher program for senior high school, and strict For ages 10-19 years old, 26.2 percent were implementation of 4Ps beneficiaries for stunted, 13.9 were wasted, 10.10 percent their children to be complete every school with chronic energy deficiency, and 11.8 year. The high cohort survival rates, 99.0 percent were obese in 2015. While stunting percent and 91.4 percent for elementary and wasting percentage has declined and junior high school, respectively, which compared to 2013, levels of obesity among measure the efficiency and effectiveness of 10-15 year-old children increased to 11.8 quality and delivery of education services percent from 9.8 percent in 2013. can be also attributed to the increase in the enrolment and completion rates for SY Stunting is usually attributed to low birth 2018-2019. weight which usually happens when a

Table 13.5 Prevalence Rate of Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity of Children Less Than 5 Years Old and Aged 10-15 in CALABARZON, 2013 and 2015 LESS THAN 5 YEARS OLD 10-15 YEARS OLD 2013 2015 2013 2015 Stunting 25.2 27.7 27.1 26.2 Wasting 8.8 7.6 15.4 13.9 Obese 9.6 11.8 Source: 2015 National Nutrition Survey, DOST-FNRI

156 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 13.6 Number of Enrollees in CALABARZON, 2017-2019 SCHOOL YEAR 2017-2018 2018-2019 Kinder 320,518 343,349 Elementary 1,844,333 1,851,586 Junior High School 1,112,886 1,177,847 Senior High School 400,373 434,394 Total 3,678,110 3,807,176 Source: DepEd Region IV-A Action Plan Strategic Framework mortality rate and fertility rates, improving quality of human capital, The strategy for reaching demographic reducing youth employment, savings dividend will be anchored on accelerating build-up, and improving integration of the demographic dividend and maximizing population development. gains. Focus areas will include reducing

Figure 13.2 Strategic Framework to Reach the Demographic Dividend

Targets on reducing the total fertility rate (TFR), adolescent and unwanted pregnancy CALABARZON, with its 14.4 million by promoting existing and modern people will be among the first Regions to contraceptives. Implementation of the First transition to the demographic sweet spot. 1000 Days Act will help produce healthy The Region must ensure the continuous children and reduce incidence of stunting. implementation of programs and projects Secondary education completion rate must be improved for students’ transition to

Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 157 tertiary education to achieve an educated In order to reach and eventually reap the work force. This can be realized with free benefits of the demographic dividend, college education in government SUCs. strategies must be focused on the following: Foreign investments are being pursued to 1) reducing fertility rate to achieve the 2.1 create quality jobs for the educated work fertility rate that is consistent with stable force. The high productivity of the labor population; 2) reducing the incidence force upon reaching the demographic of teenage pregnancy should also be dividend and promotion of financial pursued for young females to finish their literacy will result to increased savings, education and participate in the labor force; thus the banking sector should be ready to 3) improving the quality of youth human accommodate new accounts. capital (education and health) to improve skills and readiness to high paying jobs; Current challenges need to be addressed 4) creating more jobs and economic to avoid hindrances before and during opportunities to achieve higher youth demographic dividend. These challenges employment rate and low dependency are: a) high fertility rate of poor households; ratio; and 5) enabling financial environment b) unemployment and underemployment to promote and increase savings during rate of young workers ages 20-24; working years to serve as buffer during c) mitigating the probable decline of retirement years. youth enrolling in higher education due to projected lower income of families, and d) creating new job opportunities.

Table 13.7 Plan Targets to Reach the Demographic Dividend BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET INDICATORS DATA 2019 (2016) 2020 2021 2022 Accelerate demographic transition Crude birth rate decreased (%) 21.3 18 17 16 Decreasing Crude death rate decreased (%) 6.4 6 5 5 4 Total fertility rate decreased (total number of births per 3 2.7 2.6 2.5 Decreasing woman aged 15-49) Modern contraceptive prevalence rate for modern family 25 40 50 60 65 planning increased (%) Reduced proportion of adolescents (15-19 years old) who 8.1 7.6 7.4 7.2 Decreasing have begun childbearing (%) Reduced young dependency ratio 45.9 Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing Maximize gains from the demographic dividend

Life expectancy at birth Male 69.5 Increasing Increasing Increasing 75 Female 75.6 Increasing Increasing Increasing 82 Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live birth decreased 68 70 70 70 70 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) decreased 14 25 22 22 22 Prevalence of stunting among children under 5 decreased (%) 27.7 24.7 23.7 22.7 21.7

158 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Strategies dividend. Quality education should also be achieved by majority of the working class The following are the recommendations to have higher paying jobs, resulting to to reach and harness the higher productivity and possible savings. demographic dividend: To attain quality human capital, these are needed to be pursued: improve access Improvement of health and nutrition. It is to quality education; labor education very improtant to have a healthy population for graduating students; jobs skills to maximize productivity. To ensure a matching; career counseling; labor and healthy population these are need to be employment forecasting. pursued: full implentation of universal health care; continous conduct and Mitigate the probable decline of youth advocacy on child health programs; enrolling in higher education. Due to increase health practioners and human COVID-19 pandemic, the Regional resource; strengthen advocacy importance economy is predicted to have about zero of on health and nutrition; rigorous growth in 2020, hence, average family implementation of the First 1K; improve income of households is seen to decline. acces to health services and cheap Because of this, parents may not be able nutritious food; and complete to send their children to higher education. immunization of children. The following strategies will be pursued to address the issue: Reduce unplanned pregnancies. Adolescent • offer online-adult learning and teenage pregnancies have to be • support the increase in budget addressed in order for females to reach their of the education sector for free full potentials and be more economically tertiary education productive, instead of staying at home caring for their children at a young age. Create new job opportunities. New job To address unplanned pregnancies, these opportunities will be arising from the are needed to be pursued: Peer counseling; following activities: upskilling, reskilling effective sex education; involvement of and retooling of workers, digital and parents; and women empowerment through alternative learning, food delivery, online GAD advocacies. medical consultations, processing of agricultural and fishery produce, production Increase labor force participation rate of essential goods and facilities for health of women. Increasing male and female promotion and improved sanitation, participation in the labor force are essential e-commerce and cashless payment, exports to maximize the gains in demographic of medical equipment, supplies and dividend. The following strategies will be testing kits, research and development, pursued: establishment of more Day-Care and implementation of rehabilitation and Centers; pursue off–site work or free lancing recovery and Build-Build-Build projects and flexible work hours; additional parental including construction of warehouses, leave for males and females; and continued slaughterhouses and cold storage facilities. advocacy on equal participation of men and women in household work (school and The government will have to promote media advocacy). these new areas for job creation, even pump prime the production of essential Intensify human capital development. High goods and facilities, and provide incentives participation in the labor force is only to investors. one element in maximizing demographic

Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 159 IMPLEMENTING CHALLENGES RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES AGENCIES Increasing unmet • Streamline, fast track, and decentralize procurement of FP commodities DOH, need for family • Intensify communication campaign on modern FP and responsible parenting PoPCom, planning • Strengthen the population management and reproductive health policies and LGUs programs: -address unmet demand for family planning and unwanted pregnancies -increase the age at first birth -increase birth spacing • Improve distribution of FP commodities to RHUs • Increase multi-stakeolder participation • Employ trained FP/RPRH focals in health facilities Increasing • Expand the implementation of Youth Formation and Career Guidance Program DOH, cases of teenage • Enhance DepEd’s Reproductive Health Curriculum PoPCom, pregnancy • Intensify the implementation of Adolescent and Youth Health Program DepEd, LGUs • Intensify the information and education campaign on values formation and sexuality • Improve access to reproductive health High prevalence • Expand the health care program focusing on infant, young women, and mothers NNC, LGUs, of stunting and • Continuous conduct and advocacy on child health programs DOH wasting among • Increase health practioners and human resource children under five • Strengthen IEC on health and nutrition years of age • Intensify advocacy on healthy lifestyle among mothers and children • Rigorous implementation of the First 1K • Improve nutrition and access to health services • Complete immunization of children High youth • Improve access to quality education DOLE, unemployment • Strengthen government and private sector partnerships DepEd, • Strengthen academe and industry linkages CHED, SUCs Job-skill • Facilitate employment of fresh graduates through Job Fairs and facilitation services mismatch among • Expand the reach of JobStart program SHS and college graduates Low savings rate • Mainstream the implementation of economic and financial literacyprograms BSP and among household • Improve access to different financial products other fi n a n c i a l institutions Major Programs and Projects Implementation of the following programs • Negosyo Centers (Business and projects by concerned government Advisory Services) agencies and LGUs will greatly help • P3 or Pondo sa Pagbabago at Pagasenso the Region achieve the benefits of the Enterprise Rehabilitation Fund demographic sweet spot: • Livelihood Seeding Program-Negosyo sa Barangay • School Feeding Programs by the DepEd • DOST’s SETUP • Provision of multi-vitamins to pregnant • DA ALPAS’ Program women by the DOH and POPCOM • Financial Literacy Program • Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program by • Livelihood Program the DSWD • Online Tertiary Education Courses Programs

160 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Expanding Coverage of Mandatory Basic This aims to further reduce the morbidity and mortality among children Immunization Program against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases, as well as COVID-19. National Program for Abandoned, Neglected and This will cover protection for Abandoned, Neglected and Voluntary Voluntary Committed Children Committed Children, and be provided with the same support with other children having parental support. National Health Passport System and This will address the lack of information and medical record keeping to Strengthening Primary Healthcare System potentially save more lives and improve health care system. Security of Tenure and Magna Carta for Barangay To give Barangay Health Workers security of tenure and be provided proper Health Workers with benefits since they are serving as frontline and high exposure to risks. Declaration of Adolescent Pregnancy as a To curb the incidence of Adolescent Pregnancy, provide counselling to National Social Emergency adolescent mothers and provision of nourishment to their babies.

Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 161 162 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 163 164 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation

This chapter assesses CALABARZON’s performance in promoting science, technology, and innovation (STI) which plays a key role in the country’s socioeconomic progress. The programs and services contribute to the development of the lives of Filipino people in the Region. Efforts in leveling-up the support for research and development, education, technology transfer and commercialization, smart systems, and food safety initiatives are the core competencies tthat will propel STI towards a knowledge-based economy creating more opportunities for livelihoods and boost the Regional economy.

Assessment and Challenges STI utilization in the ng Micro Enterprises, participation to Los Baños Science Community Foundation, agriculture, industry, and Inc.’s Syensaya, DTI Region IV-A’s Kalakal services sectors increased CALABARZON, Quezon’s Niyog-niyugan Festival, and invitation to school/university fairs and exhibits. Technology The establishment of a Regional media Number of Promoted Technologies Increased. network also contributed to the trend, as There was an average increase of 64 percent well as the distribution of promotional in the number of technologies promoted collaterals, and news feeds on technologies from 2017 to 2019. Performance targets for including programs and services offered by the three year period were also exceeded the government. The implementation of a (Table 14.1). Communication Plan on STI for audiences The increase is attributed through the GIDA communities likewise contributed conduct of various promotional activities to the adoption of new technologies. The such as seminars, technical trainings, fora consistent use of real-time social media clinics, and engaged media presence during platforms in promoting technologies fairs, exhibits, and caravans. that features the conduct of technology trainings in the Region also contributed to Out of the 199 technologies promoted, 93 the increase. are from publicly-funded R&D. The increase is attributed through the conduct of various Number of Adopted Technologies Increased. promotional activities such as Regional In terms of the number of technologies and provincial fora, fairs and exhibits on adopted/utilized, there was an average 56 DOST programs, projects, and technologies percent increase, from 44 in 2017 to 100 in to stakeholders. Promotional activities 2018 to 84 in 2019 (Table 14.2). launched include Regional S&T Week, In 2019, the number of adopted technologies Regional Invention Contest and Exhibits declined compared to 2018 because of the and Teknolohiya at Inobasyon, Kaagapay difficulty in identifying potential adopters of

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 165 publicly-funded technologies. In addition, (CBPs) and Community Empowerment most of the identified customers were through Science and Technology (CEST). already served during the previous years and The SETUP assisted the MSMEs to have adopted their in-house information adopt commercially available and/or systems. Nonetheless, 2019 target of 48 publicly-funded technologies to increase technologies was surpassed by 75 percent competitiveness through operational with 84 adopted technologies. Relatedly, efficiency and productivity. Local Grants- the DOST has strengthened its partnership In-Aid Projects also contributed to improve with Regional line agencies, HEIs/SUCs to their capacity and productivity in AFF address the issue and accelerate the transfer/ (Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry), food deployment of technologies. This was done processing, metals and engineering, and through increased utilization of negosyo GDH (gifts, decors, and handicrafts). centers, entrepreneurial organizations, technology business incubators, R&D The technologies that were adopted include centers and food innovation centers from Science & Technology Academic and HEIs/SUCs). Additional staff was also hired Research-Based Openly Operated Kiosk in 2020 to improve utilization of local R&D Stations (STARBOOKS), Carrageenan outputs and competitiveness. Plant Growth Promoter, Tubig Talino and Complementary Feeding Program, Tsunami Most of these technologies were from Early Warning System and Automatic Rain the support mechanisms such as the Gauge (ARG). SETUP, Community-Based Projects Table 14.1 Number of Technologies Promoted, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of technologies: 0 51 100 51 158 165 promoted Note: data as of Sept 2019 Source: DOST Region IV-A Table 14.2 Number of Technologies: Adopted/Utilized, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of technologies: 0 44 88 44 56 66 adopted/utilized Note: data as of Sept 2019 Source: DOST Region IV-A Number of Technology Adopters Increased. Innovation Majority of the reported adopters or users of new technology are the LGUs. Performance in improving existing The average increase of 80 percent from technologies and creating new ones 2017 to 2019 (Table 14.3), was made weakened. The number of Filipino patents possible through deployment, technology granted decreased from 3 in 2017 to none transfer agreements, promotion, and in 2018. However, two patents were granted commercialization services, and conduct of in 2019. The number of Filipino industrial S&T promotional activities. In addition, the designs registered declined from 100 in incorporation of technology interventions 2017 to 81 in 2018 to 48 in 2019. On the in major programs such as SETUP, CEST, other hand, the number of Filipino utility and Community Based Projects led to an models performed better, increasing from increase of technology adopters. 18 in 2017 to 45 in 2018 to 39 in 2019.

166 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 14.3 Number of Technology Adopters, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of technology 0 40 44 40 95 103 adopters increased Note: data as of Sept 2019 Source: DOST Region IV-A In terms of the number of filings for Filipino (IPSOs) and innovation and the technology intellectual property rights (IPR), patents support offices (ITSOs) to cater to the IPR and utility models applications increased applicants. IPSOs serve as branch offices from 37 in 2017 to 64 in 2018; and from 67 of IPOPHL situated throughout Luzon, in 2017 to 82 in 2018, respectively. However, Visayas, and Mindanao, and housed in the number of Filipino industrial designs DTI offices, while ITSOs are universities filed decreased from 72 in 2017 to 49 and institution-partners of IPOPHL in 2018. that have been equipped with in-house patent libraries. The reason for the low level of IPRs granted or registered was due to the long Investments in STI-based processing time that is dependent on the start-ups, enterprises, and submission of documents. Issuance of spin-offs increased patents takes four years from the time of application (18 months waiting time, 6 Number of S&T interventions within the months upon application). On the other target. Targets on S&T interventions hand, industrial designs and utility models provided were surpassed from 2017 to have an average waiting time of 9 months 2019 (Table 14.6) due to the effort of field and 10 months, respectively. The IPOPHL operations and provincial S&T centers as the government’s oversight body cannot to provide support to MSMEs, industries determine in advance from what specific and others in CALABARZON. As per location/Region the IP applicant will come DOST, data for 2017 still included number from, hence the increase or decrease in the of laboratory services provided by their Regional IPR grants/registrations is not agency. However, refinements were made determined. Additionally, target setting at in their key performance indicators in 2018 the Regional level was only started in 2019. (number of laboratory services provided Furthermore, IPOPHL has limited number became a separate indicator of the agency), of intellectual property satellite offices thus decreasing the number starting 2018.

Table 14.4 Intellectual Property Rights Registrations, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of 2 1 3 0 2 Filipino patents granted increased (cumulative) Number of Filipino 30 25 18 45 39 utility models registered increased (cumulative) Number of Filipino 48 58 100 81 48 industrial designs registered increased (cumulative) Note: as of January 15, 2020 Source: IPOPHL

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 167 Table 14.5 Intellectual Property Rights Applications, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of Filipino patents 42 49 37 64 43 filed increased Number of Filipino utility 48 89 67 82 81 model filed increased Number of 50 49 72 49 87 Filipino industrial design filed increased Note: data as of January 15, 2020

Table 14.6 Number of S&T Interventions Provided, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of S&T 408 502 535 1,008 761 802 Interventions provided Source: DOST Region IV-A Number of Firms Provided with S&T by DOST Region IV-A. Majority of these Services is within the target. The number of customers were beneficiaries of various firms assisted decreased from 1,370 in 2017 capacity building interventions. to 2,851 in 2018 but increased to 1,490 in 2019. However, the performance is above Most of the intervention and assistance the targets set for the period (Table 14.7). provided was capacity building through The drastic increase of firms provided with provision of technology trainings, fora S&T services in 2018 is due to a seasonal clinics, seminars, and consultancy services training event conducted on that year in such as Manufacturing Productivity Batangas Province which drew massive Extension Program, Food Safety Training, number of participating firms which Cleaner Production/Energy Audit, Biogas, became beneficiaries of technology services Testing and Calibration Services, and Packaging and Labelling Assistance. Table 14.7 Number of Firms Provided with S&T Services, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 BASELINE TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of Firms Provided with S&T Services 822 1,408 1,120 1,370 2,851 1,490 Source: DOST Region IV-A Number of jobs generated decreased. The Number of S&T promotional activities 2,643 jobs generated in 2018 and 2,145 conducted increased. The S&T promotional jobs generated in 2019 fell short of the activities conducted from 2017 to 2019 2,500 target and was lower than the 2,866 showed an increasing trend. These were jobs generated in 2017 (Table 14.8). The conducted through different media decrease was attributed to the insufficient platforms and mobilization of provincial SETUP funds for 2018 and the difficulty information officers to reach communities accounting for the “backward and forward” needing technological interventions jobs created”. The automation of manual (Table 14.9). processes of MSME led them to reduce their need for manpower. The major S&T promotional activities were Teknolohiya at Inobasyon, Kaagapay ng Micro Enterprises (TIKME), National and Regional S&T Week, S&T Caravans, and Regional invention contest and exhibits. 168 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Creative capacity for knowledge and the youth is important to encourage technology generation, acquisition, interest in research and technology design. and adoption enhanced The promotion of STI is incorporated The culture and value of critical thinking in the teaching strategies for basic and and innovative behavior especially among secondary education.

Table 14.8 Number of Jobs Generated, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of jobs generated 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,866 2,046 2,145 Source: DOST Region IV-A Table 14.9 Number of S&T Promotional Activities Conducted, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR BASELINE VALUE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of S&T promotional 0 5 5 3 11 15 activities conducted Source: DOST Region IV-A Number of R&D Centers and Innovation with University of the Philippines Los hubs maintained. In 2018, two R&D Centers Baños (UPLB) in Los Baños, Laguna and were established in addition to the four Batangas State University (BatStateU) in innovation centers being maintained and Batangas City. monitored by DOST Region IV-A. The two R&D Centers are the Regional Design and As of 2019, a total of seven R&D facilities/ Creation Hub for Innovation in MSMEs innovation laboratories were operating and Education (RDCHIME) and the Center and maintained by DOST Region IV-A for Hazard and Environmental Resource (two IDD laboratories in LSPU San Pablo Mapping (CHERM). and CavSU Rosario, RDCHIME in Rizal, CHERM in Quezon, two FICs in UPLB The RDCHIME aims to strengthen and BatStateU, and CALABARZON Food partnership/ties between DOST and Solution Hub in LSPU Sta. Cruz). academic sector in enhancing design, animation and creative industry in the Number of R&D proposals increased. Region. The CHERM aims to empower R&D proposals submitted by SUCs are and develop resilient communities through evaluated and endorsed to funding agencies an S&T based hazard prevention and through consortia. Twelve proposals were mitigation system harmonizing/integrating evaluated and endorsed for 2019, higher maps into layers or overlay which can be than 2018 (six). Most of these proposals customized for LGUs, investors, developers, are from agriculture (4), industry/emerging and others. technology (3), DRRM (2) and others.

On the other hand, the four innovation Number of researches uploaded in EXPLORE centers include two Innovation, Design decreased. The R&D projects are streamlined and Development (IDD) laboratories in and consolidated through R&D information partnership with Laguna State Polytechnic system Exchange of Probes, Learnings and University (LSPU) in San Pablo City, Outputs of Researches (EXPLORE) which Laguna and Cavite State University was developed and maintained by DOST (CvSU) in Rosario, Cavite; and two Food IV-A. It gives information on the completed Innovation Centers (FICs) in partnership and on-going researches in the Region.

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 169 A total of 16 SUCs/agencies are currently Thirty-three point six percent of the subscribed and contributed 508 entries in completed research projects were mainly the EXPLORE database. focused on governance, infrastructure, land utilization and social protection, while The EXPLORE System enables researchers 23.10 percent were on education. More than of consortia member-agencies, SUCs and 10 percent of the researches were focused on research institutions to see the researches agriculture and fisheries, and manufacturing already conducted. This minimizesand services. Less than 10 percent were on duplication and saves research funds. environment protection, natural resource The number of completed researches management and disaster risk reduction, increased 2 points from 2016 to 2017 and information and communications but started to decline from 2018 to 2019 technology-business process management. (Table 14.10). The number of published Only about 5 percent were conducted for researches also decreased from 2016 to health and nutrition (Table 14.11). 2017, and with no published researches The completed researches for 2016 to 2019 uploaded in EXPLORE in 2018 and were conducted by the state universities and 2019. R&D activities are important keys colleges including partner institutions in to technological innovations that are the private sector (Table 14.12). beneficial to growth of numerous sectors and industries. Publications of researches in Balik Scientist engagement is yet to be referred journals attest to the quality. This is started. The government’s program initiative necessary to raise and ensure the quality of to engage a Balik Scientist in the area of R&D. Technological innovations commonly microbiology detection kit development took off from R&D projects. project is yet to be started. Table 14.10 Completed and Published Research, CALABARZON, 2011–2019 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Completed 17 34 48 87 56 37 107 26 19 Published 4 10 17 58 28 12 11 0 0 Source: DOST Region IV-A’s EXPLORE database as of September 2019 Table 14.11 Focus of Completed Researches, CALABARZON, 2011–2019 TOPICS PERCENT SHARE Others (Governance, Infrastructure, & Land Utilization, Social Protection) 33.60% Education 23.10% Agriculture & Fisheries 12.00% Manufacturing & Services 11.60% Environmental Protection, Natural Resource Mgt & Disaster Risk & Reduction 8.11% Information and Communications Technology-Business Process Management 6.75% Health &Nutrition 4.83% Source: DOST Region IV-A’s EXPLORE database as of September 2019 Table 14.12 Completed Researches by Sector, CALABARZON, 2011–2019 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 All 16 34 39 47 33 37 107 26 19 Gov’t 4 8 10 6 4 0 0 0 0 HEI State 9 15 23 31 12 37 107 26 19 HEI Private 0 3 5 5 6 0 0 0 0 Private Non Profit 3 8 1 5 11 0 0 0 0 Source: DOST Region IV-A’s EXPLORE database as of September 2019 170 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Accomplishment in 2019 includes that some SUCs do not submit data on coordination with former Balik Scientist for enrollment to CHED (Table 14.13). preliminary work on the proposed project and determination of baseline data and Number of STEM enrollees in high school annual targets for the Region. increased. On the other hand, the enrollees in high school under STEM increased from Number of in-house R&D projects 69,708 in SY 2017-2018 to 74,550 in SY maintained. In-house R&D projects 2018-2019 to 87,782 in SY 2019-2020 (Table conducted from 2017 to 2019 period were 14.14). This pertains to the STEM academic mostly ICT-based: Rx-Detec, Sensing strand under the K-12 Basic Education Environmental Parameters through Program of Department of Education. Telemetry (SENTRY), Deployment of Early The constant increase is attributed to the Warning Systems (DEWS), 21st Century following reasons: a) increase in capacity Learning Environment Model (CLEM) on schools offering STEM academic Classroom, and DARIUS. 2017 and 2018 track strand; b) strong senior high school marked the start of the conceptualization program campaign and career guidance and development of said ICT projects while orientation for Grade 10 learners; 2019 was dedicated to rolling out the ICT c) strong partnerships from stakeholders; systems to adopters. d) sustainable scholarship programs and voucher system of Private Education Number of STEM graduates in HEIs Assistance Committee; and e) learner increased. In terms of youth involvement in preference as preparatory track for their S&T, the number of Science, Technology, collegiate course. On the other hand, for Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) STEM graduates in high school, the number graduates in HEIs increased from 10,050 decreased from 36,078 in SY 2017-2018 in Academic Year (AY) 2016- 2017 to to 29,622 in SY 2018-2019. The decrease 11,495 in 2017-2018. This pertains to is attributed to the following reasons: graduates of degree programs in Science, a) shifting/transfer to other track/strand; Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics b) migration/transfer of residency; in the tertiary education (college). The c) financial difficulties leading to dropping reason for the increase is the graduation out; and d) high maintaining grade in of the 5th year engineering students and STEM strand. returning students. Open collaboration among actors in Number of STEM enrollees in HEIs decreased. the STI ecosystem strengthened In contrast, the number of enrollees under A total of 13 ongoing STI collaborations STEM of HEIs decreased from 66,926 in in the Region is spearheaded by DOST AY 2016-2017 to 54,161 in AY 2017-2018. Region IV-A (Table 14.15). It includes the The reason is that the students have enrolled sectors of industry, health, education, ICT, to other non-STEM degree programs, and and DRRM. Table 14.13 Number of STEM Enrollees and Graduates in HEIs, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT BASELINE INDICATOR VALUE AY ‘16- AY ‘17- AY ‘18- AY ‘16- AY ‘17- AY ‘18- ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 Number of STEM enrollees in HEIs 43,335 44,461 45,587 46,713 69,708 74,550 87,782 increased (in million, cumulative) Number of STEM graduates in 37,414 41,028 42,835 36,078 29,622 Not yet HEIs increased available Source: CHED Region IV

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 171 Table 14.14 Number of STEM enrollees and graduates in senior high school, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT BASELINE INDICATOR VALUE AY ‘17- AY ‘18- AY ‘19- AY ‘17- AY ‘18- AY ‘19- ‘18 ‘19 ‘20 ‘18 ‘19 ‘20 Number of STEM track enrollees 43,335 44,461 45,587 46,713 69,708 74,550 87,782 in senior high school increased Number of STEM graduates in 37,414 41,028 42,835 36,078 29,622 Not yet senior high school increased available Source: DepEd Region IV-A Table 14.15 Ongoing STI Linkages in CALABARZON SECTOR STI Collaborations in CALABARZON Industry 1. Enhanced Community Empowerment through Science and Technology (ECEST) Program resulted in the development of the Value Chain Approach on Island Economy, as approved by Regional Development Council (RDC) through Resolution No. IV-A 112-2017). This strategy strengthened the convergence among NGAs and LGUs through creation of an enabling environment for economic growth of GIDA communities. 2. Establishment of Makapuno Island Project fostered strong partnership among g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c i e s , N G O s a n d p r i v a t e s e c t o r s , r a l l y i n g f o r t h e c o m m o n g o a l o f establishing a Makapuno Island in Alabat, Quezon. 3. Halal Verification Lab aims to strengthen and promote the Halal industry thein country through Republic Act No. 10817 or the “Philippine Halal Export Development and Promotion Act”. The certifying bodies, Muslim organizations, regulatory agencies/ government agencies and MSMEs collaborate with the stakeholders of Halal. It was established through the financial support of the Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD). Health RxBox is a telemedicine device capable of capturing medical signals through built- i n m e d i c a l s e n s o r s , s t o r i n g d a t a i n a n e l e c t r o n i c m e d i c a l r e c o r d ( C o m m u n i t y H e a l t h Information Tracking System–CHITS), and transmitting health information via internet to a clinical specialist in the Philippine General Hospital for expert advice. RxBox aims to provide better health services in GIDA in the Philippines. The project is co-fund- e d b y t h e D O S T i n p a r t n e r s h i p w i t h i t s a t t a c h e d a g e n c i e s . I t i s d e v e l o p e d b y t h e U P M a n i l a National Telehealth Center and UP Diliman Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute.

Biotek-M dengue aqua kit helps diagnose dengue after two or three days from the onset of the illness. The test kits were developed by made by Manila Health Tek Inc.

Food Safety Human Resource Development Project (FSHRDP) pursued to develop competent service providers (trainers, consultants, and laboratory analysts) who shall serve as experts in providing food safety-related trainings, consultancy, technical services, and laboratory analyses, and to accelerate the effective implementation of Republic Act 10611 or the Food Safety Act of 2013. Education 21st CLEM enhances technological knowledge and skills of educators and students

The 21st CLEM project provides facility for mobility and connectivity to teachers enabling them to effectively facilitate student learning and create productive learning environments where students can develop the skills they need at present and the future. The project aims to enhance learning practices, human support and physical environments facilitating the development of 21st-century skills of both teachers and learners in four common cores: Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, and Creativity.

The CLEM as a support system to teaching and learning science and mathematics was pilot tested in August 2018 in five public schools in LIPA City support the K-12 track on Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics.

STARBOOKS digital library that serves as one-stop repository of S&T information that can be updated regularly. ICT Data Analytics-Ready Info Unified System (DARIUS) for Agile Delivery of S&T Services Project aims for faster consolidation of reports and responses, thus creating a stronger linkage within DOST Regional offices across the Philippines.

172 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 SECTOR STI Collaborations in CALABARZON ICT MAPUA Automatic ID System for Fibeglass Rescue Boat. DOST Region IV-A utilized the Automatic Identification System (AIS) developed by Mapua University, R&D output funded by DOST-PCIEERD, by installing the boats with this tracking system. This technology can monitor the utilization of boats and ensure safety at sea.

SMART Cities aims to drive development in the cities creating truly inclusive growth ensuring that no one is left behind DRRM/Assistance Program 1. Infrastructure Audit is a need-driven intervention to help LGUs to conduct infrastructure for the Environmental audit through the use of the infra-audit manual and to institutionalize the practice of Protection through Energy auditing structural integrity of buildings against any environmental risks to prevent the loss Efficiency and Environmen- of life and resources due to structural damage. This is in partnership with Association of tal Management System Structural Engineers, Office of Civil Defense, among others. and Use of Renewable/ 2. Center for Hazard and Environment Resource Mapping (CHERM) provides mapping Alternative Energy: services and a composite picture of communities for surveillance, monitoring, resources assessment, and emergency response to LGUs, SUCs, line agencies and other groups. 3. Biogas System waste management tool and energy generation technology that uses locally available materials and an environment-friendly alternative.

Challenges Available data on indicators for R&D Expenditure by Region and by Sector, R&D The following are the challenges: expenditure as a proportion of GRDP, and R&D Personnel and Researchers per 1 Difficulty in acquiring timely and relevant million population is obsolete . However, STI data. Many of the indicators in the a R&D Survey for 2017 data is ongoing Chapter 14 Results Matrix (RM) have no and expected to be published in 2020. standard indicators used by all responsible Moreover, the DOST has engaged the agencies. This resulted to inconsistencies in UPLB’s Institute of Statistics to generate the data generated and released by concerned data on R&D expenditure as a proportion of government agencies. Hence, performance GDP and number of researchers, scientists, and progress of the STI sector is difficult and engineers (RSEs) for the DOST has to monitor and assess.. In addition, private sourced out to the UPLB’s Institute of 2 companies have reservations in providing Statistics . The data production is expected their own R&D data. Also, most private to be completed by 2020. companies in the Region are only subsidiary Similarly, there is lack of timely and of big manufacturing companies abroad, relevant data to keep track of the STI’s which focus mainly on production but not development and its contribution to the in R&D. country’s economic growth despite the A total of 26 indicators in Chapter 14 RM earlier initiatives of developing the statistics were identified during the plan formulation for STI. The dearth of STI statistics makes in 2017. This increased to 27 indicators it challenging to develop the indicators during the preparation of the Updated to monitor the STI sector targets in the RDP. Also, the Indicators were added and PDP and RDP 2017-2022 and those removed during the annual validation related target indicators in Sustainable process (Table 14.16). Development Goals.

However, seven of the 30 indicators have no Aside from the challenges discussed, Regional data (target and accomplishment), the following were also noted: a) lack of while two indicators have Regional data standard indicators used and generated on accomplishment only but no targets 1 (Table 14.17). As published in the DOST’s Compendium of S&T Statistics dated December 2015 2 Excerpted from the Updated Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017-2022

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 173 by STI concerned agencies; b) decrease in pandemic); e) lack of awareness of number of IP applications and registrations general public of available locally-made in the Region; c) low number of enrolees technologies for disaster prevention, in STEM in HEIs; d) shortage of available mitigation and response; and f) less support technologies for disaster prevention, given to local scientists/innovators and mitigation and response (in the case of local R&D. Taal Volcano Eruption and COVID-19

Table 14.16 Changes in Chapter 14 Results Matrix Indicators INIDICATORS REMARKS Added

R&D expenditure as a proportion of GRDP Patterned in the PDP RM, but no available latest Regional data from increased (in percent, cumulative) DOST. Latest data is as of 2013 Number of Researchers, Scientists and Patterned in the PDP RM, but no available Regional data from DOST. Engineers (RSEs) per million population Latest data only are on R&D Personnel by Region and By Sector and increased (cumulative) Number of Researchers by Region and Sector of Performance only (as of 2013 based on DOST’s Compendium of S&T Statistics published in December 2015) Number of Firms Provided with S&T Services Requested to be added by DOST Region IV-A since their function is more on operations and roll-out of DOST Programs in the Region No. of Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Requested to be added by DOST Region IV-A since their function is Program (SETUP) Beneficiaries Assisted more on operations and roll-out of DOST Programs in the Region No. of Community-Based Projects (CBP) Assisted Requested to be added by DOST Region IV-A since their function is more on operations and roll-out of DOST Programs in the Region Number of jobs generated Removed Number of patents applied increased Below indicators already exist: Number of patents registered increased Number of Filipino patents granted increased (cumulative) Number of utility model applied increased Number of Filipino utility models registered increased (cumulative) Number of utility model registered increased Number of Filipino industrial designs registered increased (cumulative) Number of industrial design applied increased Number of industrial design registered increased Number of technologies: utilized Below indicator already exist: Number of technologies: commercialized Number of technologies: adopted/utilized Number of Innovation Hubs Established T h e r e i s a l r e a d y “ N u m b e r o f i n n o v a t i o n c e n t e r s (in Outcome 1.1) established/maintained” Number of interventions provided to startups Below indicators already exist: Number of startups assisted Number of S&T interventions provided Number of customers (firms) assisted Proportion of (Regional) intellectual property IPOPHL has already informed the PSA that they cannot gather the data expenditure to GRDP increased on this Number of GIS-capable LGUs per province based Suggested to be added by representative from the Province during on number of CLUPs reviewed by PLGU the formulation/validation workshop of 2017 RDR. Determined not relevant and cannot be regularly measured Removed Number of scientific articles published in No available data in the Region as DOST Region IV-A International Scientific Indexing (ISI)/Scopus Index Journal by Filipino authors increased Number of R&D centers established No longer being measured by DOST Region IV-A Number of R&D projects implemented Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A Number of products commercialized No longer being measured by DOST Region IV-A and has no targets because it is dependent on proposals submitted for evaluation Communication Plan implemented Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A

Regional R&D agenda formulated Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A

174 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 INIDICATORS REMARKS Regional Development Research Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A Agenda Formulated Number of collaborative R&D projects implemented Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A

Number of international collaborations established Not being targeted annually by DOST Region IV-A

Table 14.17 Availability of Regional Data for Chapter 14 Result Matrix Indicators NO TARGETS & ACTUAL DATA ACTUAL DATA ONLY • R&D expenditure as a proportion of GRDP increased (in percent, cumulative) • N u m b e r o f S T E M • Number of Researchers, Scientists and Engineers (RSEs) per million population enrolees in higher education Increased (cumulative) institutes (HEIs) increased • Percentage of tertiary graduates in the Region with degree in science, (in million, cumulative) engineering, manufacturing and construction increased (%) • Number of STEM graduates in • Number of Balik Scientists Engaged increased (cumulative) HEIs increased • Number of collaborations between HEIs and industries increased (cumulative) • Number of collaborations between HEIs and government increased (NGAs and LGUs) (cumulative) • Number of STI-related international cooperation of HEIs increased (cumulative) Action Plan Strategic Framework Figure 14.1 Strategic Framework to Vigorously Advance Science, Technology and Innovation

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 175 Targets Table 14.18 Plan Targets to Vigorously Advance Science, Technology and Innovation

BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Technology Adoption Promoted and Accelerated

STI (science, technology and innovation) utilization in agriculture, industry and services sectors increased Number of Filipino patents granted 1 1 2 IPOPHIL increased (cumulative) Number of Filipino utility models registered 27 29 31 IPOPHIL increased (cumulative) Number of Filipino industrial designs registered 61 64 67 IPOPHIL increased (cumulative) Number of Filipino patents filed increased 2015 42 51 53 55 IPOPHIL Number of Filipino utility model filed increased 2015 48 100 112 125 IPOPHIL Number of Filipino industrial design 2015 50 65 66 67 IPOPHIL filed increased Number of technologies: promoted 2018 100 100 100 DOST Number of technologies: adopted/utilized 2018 88 88 88 DOST Number of technology adopters increased 2018 45 45 45 DOST Investments in STI-based start-ups, enterprises, and spin-offs increased Number of innovation centers 2016 2 1 DOST established/maintained Proposed Proxy Indicator - Number of S&T 10,912 11,997 13,192 DOST Interventions provided Proposed Proxy Indicator - Number of Firms 2,201 2,416 2,651 DOST Provided with S&T Services Proposed Proxy Indicator - No. of Small 2013 37 DOST Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP) Beneficiaries Assisted Proposed Proxy Indicator - No. of CBP 2013 17 DOST Beneficiaries Assisted Number of jobs generated DOST Number of S&T promotional DOST activities conducted Innovation Stimulated Creative Capacity for knowledge and technology generation, acquisition and adoptions enhanced R&D expenditure as a proportion of GRDP DOST increased (in percent, cumulative) Number of Researchers, Scientists and 2016 DOST Engineers (RSEs) per million population Increased (cumulative) Number of STEM enrollees in higher 2016 CHED education institutes (HEIs) increased (in million, cumulative) Number of STEM graduates in HEIs increased CHED Percentage of tertiary graduates in the 2016 33% Increasing Increasing Increasing SUCs, HEIs, Region with degree in science, engineering, CHED manufacturing and construction increased (%) Number of STEM track enrollees in senior high 2016 43,335 47,839 48,965 50,091 DepEd school increased Number of STEM graduates in senior high 2016 37,414 44,729 46,629 48,588 DepEd school increased

176 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 AGENCY Number of Balik Scientists Engaged TBD TBD TBD TBD DOST increased (cumulative) Number of R&D proposals evaluated DOST and endorsed Number of in-house R&D projects conducted 2016 2 DOST Sub-sector Outcome 2.2 Open collaboration among actors in the STI ecosystem strengthened Number of collaborations between HEIs and 2016 CHED industries increased (cumulative) Number of collaborations between 2016 CHED HEIs and government increased (NGAs and LGUs) (cumulative) Number of STI-related international 2016 CHED cooperation of HEIs increased (cumulative)

Strategies year roadmap for the sustainable growth of the Philippine startup ecosystem. It covers The following are priority strategies in six key elements: (a) strong government- support of the subsector outcomes: academe-industry collaboration; (b) human capital development; (c) access STI utilization in agriculture, industry to funding and finance; (d) innovation and services sectors increased policy and commercialization of research; (e) entrepreneurial culture and support Continued promotion of for startups, MSMEs, and large enterprises commercialization and utilization of to become more innovative; and technologies from publicly funded R&D (f) development of industry clusters to position innovative industries for rapid • Increase public awareness of DOST’s growth. To be implemented through the programs, projects and technologies Regional inclusive innovation centers through its mainstream media (radio and (RIICs) (DTI). TV), social media platforms (e.g. using Facebook ads to increase reach), S&T • Utilize locally-available technology fairs, seminars, conventions, exhibits and and innovation for disaster prevention, invention contests mitigation and response developed • Mainstream the Inclusive Innovation by DOST and its attached agencies Industrial Strategy (i3S) of Board in partnership with the local public of Investments and the Inclusive and private academe and scientific Filipinnovation and Entrepreneurship industry partners Roadmap of DTI, DOST, NEDA, DICT, • Provide support, and unify efforts to DA, DepEd, CHED and the Start-up spearhead local and national R&D Systems Program 2019-2023 by DOST, in different fields/sectors to address DTI and DICT problems of epidemics/pandemics • Mobilize and repurpose unutilized DOST I3S is an industrial policy aimed at growing testing equipment to hospitals and other innovative and globally-competitive health facilities manufacturing, agriculture and services • Conduct training and mobilize scientists sectors while strengthening their linkages in molecular biology and related skills into the domestic and global value chains. to engage in R&D for virus epidemics/ Meanwhile, the Inclusive Filipinnovation pandemics and related diseases and Entrepreneurship Roadmap is a five- Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 177 Create an intellectual property culture issues and concerns that hinder Filipinos from benefiting fully from the IP system. • Streamline processes for IPR application/ registration to reduce turn-around time • Consider reduction of fees in • Expand IPOPHL’s Mind2Market Program IPR applications by enjoining more government-partners • CHED and IPOPHL to promote better awareness of the first IP elective course The Mind2Market program aims to and IP modules integrated in relevant assist innovators throughout their IP courses such as Science, Technology, journey, from creation, development to Literature, Music, the Arts commercialization. Current government partners are the Board of Investments, Investments in STI-based start-ups, the DTI’s Bureau of Small and Medium enterprises and spin-offs increased Enterprise Development, and the Philippine Encourage more innovative Rice Research Institute. financing mechanisms and private sector investments • Intensify IP awareness, education and information initiative campaign for Scale-up the Science for Change Program MSMEs in the Region through basic (S4CP) to ensure that the outputs of the orientation seminars, one-on-one government’s support to research and consultations/IP clinics, patent drafting innovation are demand-driven. seminars, and capability building seminar/workshops The Program aims to accelerate the science, • Extend the implementation of the technology and innovation through massive Trademark Incentive Project (Juana Make increase on investment on science and A Mark) to engage the MSMEs in brand technology, human resource development developing and IP protection and R&D.

Juana Make a Mark is a trademark Continued provision of support registration incentive program that provides mechanism for start-ups and MSMEs reduced cost for eligible MSMEs. • Widen implementation of SETUP 2.0 • Expand and strengthen presence of and Grants-In-Aid-Community Based IPOPHL through setting up more ITSOs Projects, especially in GIDA areas within and its satellite offices within the Region to the Region improve performance of IPR applications • Support and fast track the implementation of the newly enacted RA 11337 or the ITSOs are universities or higher educational “Innovative Startup Act” of 2019 institutions that houses patent libraries and assist innovators in patent preparation This law creates a Philippine Startup and applications. Development Program that provides benefits and incentives for startups and • Push for the implementation of the “startup enablers”, by giving them access to National Intellectual Property Strategy startup development programs (capacity (NIPS) Project to promote cooperation building, exchange programs, training), between stakeholders in the STI ecosystem linking them to potential investors, mentors, collaborators, and customers both locally The NIPS Project aims to craft deliberate and abroad, and remove restrictions that and focused strategic approaches to address hamper their establishment and growth.

178 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Creative capacity for knowledge and engineering and technology courses into technology generation, acquisition and the college curricula in 2018. It is designed adoptions enhanced to explore the entrepreneurial mindset and culture utilizing a technology or Promote critical thinking and engineering background of the engineering innovative behaviour students (PhilDev).

• Intensify promotion of STEM courses Increase funding for human in HEIs resource development • Provide scholarships for STEM courses in all senior high schools and HEIs Increase budget to expand the • Expand DOST-Science Education undergraduate and graduate scholarship Institute’s (DOST-SEI) Science Teacher programs of DOST-SEI to further encourage Academy for the Regions (STAR) project students to pursue STI courses to improve the teaching and learning of science and mathematics at the primary Support the Region’s research and and secondary levels and schools, development agenda including other HEIs in the Region • Mainstream, expand and accelerate Promote the CALABARZON Regional implementation of the Innovation for Development Research Agenda 2018- Social Impact Partnership (ISIP) Project 2022 and CALABARZON Information to more HEIs in the Region and Communications Technology Plan 2018-2022 to the academe, government ISIP is a three-year project that aims agencies, local government units, to support promising innovative Social private firms through all forms of media Enterprises (SEs) in the Philippines to and methodologies collectively contribute to the achievement, acceleration, and sustainability of the Strengthening the STI Infrastructure Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is a project co-implemented by the United • Promote the R&D and innovation Nations Development Programme (UNDP), centers in the Region to the private firms, and PhilDev Foundation, supported by the academe, local government units and Australian Embassy in the Philippines. SEs government agencies, through all forms will be provided technical support and of media and methodologies improved capacity to access capital and • Develop more innovation hubs attract impact investors (www.isip-ph.com). (technology business incubation, food innovation centers and other • Intensify promotion of similar mechanisms) Technopreneurship 101 Course (Engineering Entrepreneurship or Promote policies supportive of technology 3 Entrepreneurship for Engineers) to development and innovation the academe • Strengthen the promotion of RA 8439 or Technopreneurship 101 is a basic Magna Carta for Scientists, Engineers, entrepreneurship course crafted for Researchers and other S&T Personnel 3 A basic entrepreneurship course crafted for engineering in the Government and RA 11035 or and technology courses into the college curricula in the “Balik Scientist Act” to the academe, 2018. It is designed to explore the entrepreneurial government agencies, local government mindset and culture utilizing a technology or engineering background of the engineering units, private firms through all forms of students (PhilDev) media and methodologies, to achieve and

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 179 maintain the talent and manpower to disaggregated and inter-agency reports sustain the drive for STI generated to keep track of the STI-related • Provide more budgetary support and SDG indicators and its contribution to the incentives to local scientists/innovators RDP 2017-2022: and R&D • Increase R&D budget of the oversight and • DOST to consolidate list of Regional attached agencies data indicators on baseline targets and performance accomplishments to Open collaboration among actors in effectively monitor the STI sector at the the STI ecosystem strengthened Regional level • Mainstreaming of the results of the NEDA Establish strong linkages between R&D Scoping Study on STI Statistics STI actors • Adoption of STI statistical framework for Regional utilization of data gathering, Forge partnership with PhilDev to expand identifying data gaps, policy making, the ISIP Project to the Region monitoring of the RDP/RM indicators • Strengthen CHED oversight on requiring Boost efforts to produce and gather all SUCs and HEIs to submit data on relevant and up-to-date STI statistics enrolment and graduates in their Higher Improve efforts to produce timely and Education Management Information relevant data collection of Regional System (HEMIS)

Major Programs and Projects

PURPOSE PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS Technology 1. SETUP 2.0 Adoption 2. Grants-In-Aid-Community Based Projects (GIA-CBP) P r o m o t e d a n d 3. Establishment/upgrading of innovation hubs in support of S4CP and Niche Centers in the Regions Accelerated and for R&D (NICER) under the Collaborative R&D Program for the Academe, Industry and Government Innovation Institutions: Stimulated • Makapuno R&D Center in Quezon Province • Tropical Wine and Distilled Spirits R&D Center in Quezon Province • Micro-Hydro R&D Center in Rizal Province • Productivity Design R&D Center in Cavite Province 4. CEST Program and Agroforestry Support Program for Enhancing Resiliency of Community-Based Forest Management Areas (ASPIRE-CBFM) 5. S&T fairs promoting S&T innovations and entrepreneurship for STI advocacy 6. Support program on ICT Innovations and harmonization of Data Analytics-Ready Info Unified System (DARIUS) 7. Enhancement of research capabilities of schools/SUCs to provide an environment for innovation through theRDCHIME and 21st CLEM Classroom 8. Support programs for disaster prevention and mitigation and project on CHERM 9. Advancing the global competitiveness of the food manufacturers in CALABARZON through programs on Food Safety, Nutrition, and Health 10. Technology Innovation for Commercialization (TECHNICOM) Program 11. National Intellectual Property Strategy Project 12. Trademark Incentive Projects - “Juana Make A Mark”, “Juana Invent” and “Juana Design” 13. Mind2Market Program Disaster Taal Volcano Eruption Prevention, 1. Technologies development/provision: Mitigation and • maps of the Taal Volcano and its surrounding areas generated during the Disaster Risk and Response Exposure Assessment for Mitigation (DREAM) • effective, easy to install/use, collapsible toilet bowl • Emergency Food Reserve Sagip Nutrifood Powder, an energy food in powder form, made from a mixture of cassava, malunggay, camote, and monggo intended to feed hungry victims, and as alternative healthy food additive to various food products

180 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 PURPOSE PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS • Ready-to-Eat sweet potato and cassava cubes in syrup that can be eaten by victims outright with no need for cooking or any preparation • designs for evacuation tents, crushing machine for spent medical vials, agro-machineries designs for livelihood purposes. • weather forecasting and other related phenomena • volcanoes and earthquakes monitoring 2. extension/refund deferment of financial obligation to MSME beneficiaries that were temporarily closed due to the ECQ and those affected by the eruption 3. R&D on the utilization of ash fall for bricks and hollow blocks 4. alternative source of livelihood to selected LGUs affected by the eruption

COVID-19 Pandemic Disease Awareness: • Pinoy Animation Laban sa COVID-19 infomercials • eTURO Webinar Series on Engaging Communities and Networks (WE CaN!!)

Disease Detection: 1. Online Web and Mobile Applications • DOST Mobile App • COVID-19 CORe (Communication, Ongoing projects, Research) web portal • Feasibility Analysis of Syndromic Surveillance Using a Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Modeler for Early Detection of Diseases (FASSSTER) and TANOD COVID-19 • Contact-tracing apps and systems • Personal health assessment and monitoring tools • Goods and supplies delivery system • LGU-level community monitoring: • Relief Allocation Management, Distribution, and Monitoring (RAMDAM) • satellite images mobilization to monitor areas of interest during community quarantine 2. Development and deployment of testing kits, health and protective supplies, equipment and facilities • GenAmplifyTM CoronaVirus Disease-2019 rRT-PCR Detection Kit • RxBoxes • GINHAWA ventilator • respiratory venturi valves • SaniPod • specimen collection booths • 3D printed face shields mass production • bamboo-framed face shields • mobile AI-enabled thermal scanners • non-contact thermal scanners for frontliners • reusable and water repellant face masks • high performance computing resources to COVID-19 R&D project of Folding@Home • upgrading of DOH’s network capacity to 1000Mbps through PREGINET to support its activities such as the use of multiple network-based communication platforms, data transfers, research, telemedicine, and other network-supported activities. • quarantine centers • sterilization services using e-beam for medical devices • CHERM Hazard Mapping for COVID -19 • prototyping & development of biological control equipment for personal protection (faceshield/ mechanical ventilator production) • free analysis in the DOST Regional Standards and Testing Laboratory of ethanol content of lambanog and of the non-branded alcohol-based products supplied to LGUs, hospitals and other government institutions prior to use. • operationalization of DOST Region IV-A’s Ideation, Design Development Laboratory in LSPU San Pablo capable of producing PPEs (face shield templates and ventilator valve prototypes from 3D prints, among others • volunteer services 3. Disease Cure • virgin coconut oil trial • World Health Organization’s Solidarity Treatment Trials • Drug Discovery Program - Lagundi, Tawa Tawa • development and animal and clinical testing of vaccines and drugs for COVID-19 4. Research Study pertaining to the Disease • Clinical Characteristics and Transmission Patterns of COVID-19 in Confirmed Cases and their Contacts in the Philippines

Chapter 14 Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation | 181 PURPOSE PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS • In-vitro Study on the Efficacy of Lauric Acid and its Derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 • Study on the Transmission patterns of COVID-19 • R & D on novel food technologies adapted for food security during disruptions like typhoons and pandemics • Study on “Emotions, Feelings and Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic” to see how people feel and respond to the pandemic • other researches on COVID-19 in different areas: • In the area of epidemiology, modelling studies, which are mostly mathematical, can help better understand how the epidemic will evolve. Input of health data into these disease models, as the epidemic progresses, will be very important to provide government planners scientific projections on how this epidemic will progress. The data generated will be very helpful in forward planning by concerned government agencies to anticipate, prepare and dampen the effects of this epidemic on different aspects of national life, including the economy. • In the area of diagnostics, whereas current tests are focused on the detection of the virus in affected patients, tests determining the presence of antibodies mounted by the human hosts should also be developed. These antibody-based assays will help determine the patients who were truly infected, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic. It may catch the cases missed by the tests for detecting infection as these tests may have been done too early or too late in the disease. The tests to detect antibodies will determine the true burden of disease and as well as provide added information on the infectiousness, transmission dynamics and progression of the disease. These tests may also be used for predicting chances for development of complications as well as mortality, especially if the antibodies are proven to be neutralizing antibodies. • In the area of therapeutics, the country should participate in clinical trials that would have already been initiated by other countries to help us better understand patient responses to this therapy and determine whether different genetic backgrounds, cultures and environment may affect patient response. Moreover, participation in these multi-country studies can facilitate its availability in our country when the results become significant. • In the area of prevention and the development of vaccines, knowing more about the v i r u s , i t s g e n e t i c m a k e u p a n d h o w f a s t i t m u t a t e s o r c h a n g e s w i l l a c c e l e r a t e i t s d e v e l o p m e n t . C h a r a c t e r i z i n g t h e m o l e c u l a r a n d g e n e t i c s t r u c t u r e a s i s o l a t e d f r o m p a t i e n t s i n t h e Philippines can be contributed to the international database that will serve as references for vaccine development. This will ensure that the vaccines developed can induce protection against all of the circulating SarsCoV2 viruses isolated from patients anywhere else in the world. • In the area of host factors, genetic biomarkers may be identified that may either predispose or make people less susceptible to the infection. They may also be used to determine risk for severity of disease and complications. 5. Support to the Movement of Health Workers and Essential Goods • RapidPassPH 6. Support to Households and Communities affected by the Disease Pandemic • GALING-PCAARRD Kontra COVID-19 Program • Ready-To-Eat Foods (arroz caldo) distribution • livelihood technologies online, home-based educational materials, and webinars • home-based study using e-learning methods and materials to all students of Philippine Science High School System campuses in the Philippines • online access to consultants with expertise on food safety, business management, using the OneExpert • enrolment of qualified products of SETUP and GRANTS-IN-AID programs beneficiaries to DOST’s OneStore Program to expand their market penetration via online selling • three months payment deferment to SETUP Beneficiaries Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA DESCRIPTION An Act Establishing the Science for Change The proposed law aims to accelerate investments in S&T and boost Program (S4CP) scientific innovations and inventions, and research and development to further enhance the country’s global competitiveness. The S4CP Bill consists of four components - Program expansion, new programs, grand plan for S&T human resource development, and accelerated research and development program Provincial Science and Technology Office This bill aims to strengthen the Provincial S&T Centers by improving the (PSTO) Act organizational structure and human resource complement to address the increasing demand for S&T services in the provinces

182 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 183 184 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 185 186 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy

This chapter assesses the macroeconomic performance of the Region in the first half of the plan period and identifies key challenges and strategic interventions to expand and increase economic opportunities towards growth and development.

The overall economic situation of CALABARZON improved with rapidly paced economic growth driven mainly by the manufacturing sector. Growth targets for 2017 and 2018 were met; however targets for the agriculture sector were not met. Employment and underemployment levels also improved despite the growing population and work force in the Region due to more employment opportunities in industry. While inflation peaked to as high as 4.8 percent in 2018, it was kept within the Regional target of below five percent. Despite these economic gains, eradicating poverty in the Region remains a challenge as shown by persistent poverty in rural and predominantly agricultural areas. Furthermore, the role of local government units in delivering social services and bringing about local development is highlighted with the coming increase of the internal revenue allotment.

In the first semester of 2020, two major crises occurred that will affect economic prospects of the country and the CALABARZON Region. These are the Taal Volcano eruption in January which significantly affected the provinces of Batangas and Cavite, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to prevent the fast spread of the virus of the President declared an ECQ in the entire Luzon. This halted operations of many businesses and movement of people, goods, and services. Mitigating the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Taal Volcano eruption to the e economy, particularly on prices, employment, income and poverty is crucial for the Region to be able to meet its economic growth targets for the remaining half of the plan period.

To attain macroeconomic stability, the Region will have to: a) increase and sustain high economic growth; b) diversify to new investment areas with high value and market potential; c) improve overall business climate through infrastructure development and regulatory reforms; d) increase competitiveness of its workforce; e) create economic opportunities in lagging and rural areas to reduce poverty; f) promote price stability; g) develop sound fiscal policies for inclusive financial systems; h) strengthen capacity of local governments on financial management; and i) increase assistance to vulnerable groups to avert increased poverty risks in the sectors that were severely affected by major disasters.

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 187 Assessment and Challenges

Sustained economic construction activities. With a growth of 6.7 percent, the Region was able to meet the growth upper end of its plan target.

CALABARZON sustained a rapidly paced High growth was sustained in 2018 which economic growth at an annual average of reached 7.3 percent with the continued 6.3 percent from 2016 to 2018 and remained expansion of the manufacturing sector by 8 as the second-largest contributor in terms percent that accounts for 54 percent of the of share of its Gross Regional Domestic Region’s economy. This marks the highest Product (GRDP) to the national output. recorded growth since 2013 and exceeds the upper end of the plan target at 7.1 percent. From 2017 to 2018, the Region’s economy experienced high growth fueled by the strong Continuous efforts of government in performance of the industry sector. In 2017, putting in place a conducive environment the Region was able to recover from the low for generating more investments and value- growth in the previous year with improved adding of local and export products have performance of the manufacturing and real contributed to the positive performance of estate and renting subsectors and surge in the economy.

Table 15.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product by Industrial Origin, CALABARZON (at constant 2000 prices) OUTPUT (IN PHP ‘000) SECTOR 2016 2017 2018 GROSS RegionAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1,364,736,594 1,456,341,332 1,562,497,002 Agri, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing 74,622,793.00 74,146,533.00 74,650,856.00

Agriculture and Forestry 57,277,196.00 57,738,750.00 59,290,723.00

Fishing 17,345,598.00 16,407,782.00 15,360,142.00

Industry Sector 836,700,049 901,666,083 973,201,658

Mining and Quarrying 2,648,823.00 2,676,401.00 2,769,495.00

Manufacturing 726,067,511.00 779,711,982.00 842,437,003.00

Construction 62,483,768.00 72,252,342.00 79,148,432.00

Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 45,499,947.00 47,025,358.00 48,846,728.00

Services Sector 453,413,752.00 480,528,716.00 514,644,480.00

Transport, Storage & Communication 91,486,723.00 94,911,531.00 99,214,592.00

Trade and Repair of Motor 103,733,090.00 107,904,495.00 114,113,623.00 Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal & Household Goods Financial Intermediation 52,572,153.00 56,479,741.00 61,439,169.00 Real Estate, Renting & 121,736,010.00 130,126,008.00 137,959,712.00 Business Activities Public Administration & Defense, 16,447,111.00 17,918,810.00 20,688,545.00 Compulsory Social Security Other Services 55,031,923 56,216,928 81,228,839 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

188 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 15.2 Growth Rate of Gross Regional Domestic Product by Industrial Origin (at constant 2000 prices) GROWTH RATE (%) SECTOR 2016 2017 2018 GRDP Growth Target 6.6-7.6 5.2-6.8 5.3-7.1 GRDP Growth (Actual) 4.8 6.7 7.3

Agri, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing 3.4 -0.6 0.7

Agriculture and Forestry 4.6 0.8 2.7

Fishing -0.3 -5.4 -6.4

Industry Sector 3.7 7.8 7.9

Mining and Quarrying -1.8 1.0 3.5

Manufacturing 3.7 7.4 8.0

Construction 1.0 15.6 9.5

Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 6.7 3.4 3.9

Services Sector 7.3 6.0 7.1 Transport, Storage & Communication 6.6 3.7 4.5 Trade and Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal & 6.1 4.0 5.8 Household Goods Financial Intermediation 8.4 7.4 8.8 Real Estate, Renting & Business Activities 7.2 6.9 6.0 Public Administration & Defense, Compulsory Social Security 7.4 8.9 15.5 Other Services 9.3 8.5 11.0 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

Table 15.3 Percent Distribution of Gross Regional Domestic Product 2014 to 2018, (at constant 2000 prices) INDUSTRY 2016 2017 2018 AHFF 5.5 5.1 4.8 Agriculture and Forestry 4.2 4.0 3.8 Fishing 1.3 1.1 1.0

Industry 61.3 61.9 62.3

Mining and Quarrying 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing 53.2 53.5 53.9

Construction 4.6 5.0 5.1

Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 3.3 3.2 3.1

Services 33.2 33.0 32.9

Transport, Storage & Communication 6.7 6.5 6.3

Trade and Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal & Household Goods 7.6 7.4 7.3

Financial Intermediation 3.8 3.9 3.9

Real Estate, Renting & Business Activities 8.9 8.9 8.8

Public Administration & Defense, Compulsory Social Security 1.2 1.2 1.3

Other Services 5.0 5.0 5.2 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 189 The Taal Volcano eruption significantly Based on NEDA’s estimates2, both external affected the municipalities and cities in and internal impacts of the COVID-19 the provinces of Batangas and Cavite pandemic can lead to a reduction in the surrounding the Taal Lake. The eruption Philippine’s real GDP growth to -1.0 to has an estimated impact of PHP 8.42 0.0 percent in 2020. Among the Regions, billion1, equivalent to 0.33 percent of the CALABARZON is expected to incur the Region’s 2018 GRDP. Due to the calamity, largest amount of losses, estimated at PHP agricultural and industrial production and 314.63 billion or 41 percent of the total some operations in the services sector were losses in the country based on the initial disrupted. The biggest losses were incurred estimated impact of Luzon ECQ3. by the production sector amounting to PHP 4.45 billion due to the large losses suffered The country’s economic outlook in 2020 by the agriculture subsector, accounting for and in the coming years will also be affected 65 percent of total losses in the sector. by the global economic recession brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and On March 16, 2020 President Rodrigo continuing trade tensions among major Duterte declared an Enhanced Community global economies. Thus, government Quarantine in the entire Luzon effective needs to implement swift, appropriate, and from March 17 to April 13, 2020 due holistic measures to reduce impacts to the to the sharp increase in the number of economy and vulnerable groups in society. COVID-19 positive cases and to stem the Prioritization of programs and projects to further community transmission of the avert contraction in the most affected sectors, virus. The ECQ halted the operation of enhancements on the implementation, many establishments in the industry and coverage and reach of social protection services sector which were deemed “non- programs, and recalibration of strategies essential” or otherwise not exempted (e.g. to ensure a more resilient economy with BPO industry). For the agriculture sector, reduced vulnerabilities against natural and disruption in the flow of agricultural public health disasters are also important produce is expected to result to income measures in the transition to a ‘new losses among farmers and fisherfolks. For normal’ economy. the industry sector, most manufacturing establishments will have bigger losses due to Agriculture and fisheries work interruption and the need to comply The agriculture and fisheries sector showed with the new health and safety requirements no significant growth and remains to be after the ECQ. Only those involved in food the lagging economic sector of the Region. and health supply chains are expected to The sector posed a negative growth of 0.6 retain their production levels. The services percent in 2017 and achieved only a third of sector is most likely to suffer the biggest the lower end of its target growth in 2018. income losses due to tight restrictions that The dismal performance of the fisheries heavily affected retail trade, air transport, subsector negated the marginal growth in and tourism activities. the agriculture subsector and resulted to The ECQ will have a significant impact a contraction of the whole sector in 2017. on the Philippines’ and CALABARZON Supply shocks were also experienced due to Region’s economic performance with changing weather patterns and occurrence disruption in economic activities, reducing of Avian Influenza. supply and freezing consumption by limiting 2 flows of trade, tourism, and commodities. National Economic Development Authority. (April 17, 2020). Defining the New Normal and Ways Forward. 1 Rehabilitation and Recovery Program for Taal Volcano 3 Inter-agency Task Force Technical Working Group Affected Areas (Chapter 3 – Damage Assessment), For Anticipatory and Forward Planning. (2020). We (NEDA Region IV-A, April 2020) Recover as One. 190 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 In 2018, fisheries further declined to Despite the small share of the agriculture 6.4 percent due to closure of fish ponds and fisheries sector to the Region’s economy, and limited supply and inferior quality CALABARZON ranks as the second of fingerlings. Meanwhile, agriculture highest in terms of national agricultural exhibited an upturn of 2.7 percent growth output next to Central Luzon. The Region due to the improvement of both crops and is the top producer of various agricultural livestock subsectors resulting to a slight commodities in the country, including recovery of the whole sector at 0.7 percent. roundscad (1st), tilapia (2nd), eggplant (3rd), Unsustainable fishing practices need to be calamansi (2nd), chicken eggs (1st), chicken addressed to meet the sector targets for the (2nd), hog (2nd), and cattle (3rd). remaining half of the plan period. Table 15.4 Growth Rate of Agriculture and Fisheries Output (at constant 2000 prices) Region/YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 Philippines -1.2 4.0 0.9 NCR 2.5 0.7 0.4 CALABARZON (Actual) 3.4 -0.6 0.7 CALABARZON (Target) 3.2-4.2 2.0-3.5 2.2-3.7 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) Heavy ashfall due to the Taal Volcano and restricted movement of agricultural Eruption in January 2020 damaged crops workers. Local farmers also found it difficult and fish cages and affected 11,178 farmers to sell their products due to limited market and 6,923 fisherfolks in municipalities operating hours and curfew imposed by around the Taal Lake4, which were mostly the LGUs. Based on the business rapid agriculture-based economies. Production assessment survey for agriculture and in the following agricultural commodities fisheries sector, the direct losses from unsold incurred the highest losses in the affected produce in the Region is estimated at PHP municipalities of Batangas and Cavite: 26.3 million which accounts for the biggest fisheries (37 percent of total for all sectors), proportion of losses among the Regions crops (19 percent), and livestock (3 percent). at 36 percent (Inter-agency Task Force For fisheries, a total of 60.71 hectares of Technical Working Group For Anticipatory fish cages and 51.20 hectares of fishponds and Forward Planning (TWG-AFP), 2020). of tilapia and milkfish were damaged. Meanwhile, around 89 percent of total losses Industry in crops subsector were incurred by high Contributing more than two-thirds to value crops, majority of which occurred in total Regional output, the industry sector Tagaytay City which accounts for 44 percent remains as the main driver of economic of total losses in the subsector. growth in CALABARZON. Output growth The enforcement of ECQ affected the accelerated and exceeded targets in 2017 delivery of agricultural inputs and outputs and 2018. This can be attributed to the within and outside the Region due to sharp improvement in the performance the presence of numerous checkpoints of manufacturing from 3.7 in 2016 to 8.0 in 2018. 4 The Taal Volcano Eruption affected the following 12 municipalities and three cities around the Western All other subsectors posted positive growth Portion of the Taal Lake: Agoncillo, Alitagtag, Balete, Cuenca, Laurel, Lemery, Lipa City, Malvar, from 2016 to 2018 with varying trends. Both Mataasnakahoy, San Nicolas, Sta. Teresita, Taal, mining and quarrying, and electricity, gas Talisay, Tanauan City, and Tagaytay City (Post- and water supply were able to expand from Disaster Needs Assessment Report, 2020)

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 191 2016 onwards. Meanwhile, construction Based on the guidelines on ECQ, private more than doubled from 2016 to 2017 at establishments that provide basic 15.6 percent but declined from 2017 to 2018 necessities5 will continue to operate on a to 9.5 percent. skeletal workforce; thus, these sectors will have lower losses. However, the following Contributing an average share of 86.6 sectors which are not exempted from percent in the past eight years, the suspension of business operations manufacturing is consistently the main will sustain higher losses: manufacturing source of total industry output in the industries not involved in food and Region. The fast-paced growth inhealth supply chains, non-export oriented manufacturing can be attributed to the industries, construction, and mining high performance of the export and and quarrying. foreign markets and continuous demand 5 Per ECQ Guidelines, only the private establishments for electronic products, machinery and providing basic necessities and such activities related to food transport equipment, metals and chemicals. and medicine production, i.e., public markets, supermarkets, groceries, convenience stores, hospitals, medical clinics, pharmacies and drug stores, food preparation and delivery CALABARZON remains as the industrial services, water-refilling stations, manufacturing and powerhouse of the country with the biggest processing plants of basic food products and medicines, banks, money transfer services, power, energy, water and share to total industrial output at 31 percent telecommunications supplies and facilities, shall be open in 2018. during the quarantine period(https://www.officialgazette.gov. ph/downloads/2020/03mar/20200316-MEMORANDUM- FROM-ES RRD.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1JhY1sy_nU49m3_ GQT04ivaAGKWyg3vBmasz9mp96t59wnCrHkEH1gMcM))

Table 15.5 Growth Rate of Industry Output(at constant 2000 prices) Region/YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 Philippines 8.0 7.1 6.7 NCR 5.1 2.0 0.5

CALABARZON (Actual) 3.6 7.8 7.9

CALABARZON (Target) 5.5-6.5 5.0-7.0 5.2-7.0 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

As the result of the ECQ, the industry sector target for 2018 with a growth of 7.1 percent. in CALABARZON incurred foregone This can be attributed to high growth revenue of PHP 287.6 billion which is 49.3 recorded in most of its subsectors, namely: percent of the total losses in the country. public administration (15.5 percent); The Region suffered its biggest loss in other services (11 percent); and financial manufacturing wherein foregone revenue intermediation (8.8 percent). Other sources is estimated at PHP 282.4 billion, which of growth in the sector include increased accounts for 89 percent of the initial total government spending on operations, impact of the ECQ in CALABARZON maintenance and personnel services; robust (TWG-AFP, 2020). banking and lending activities; and strong household consumption. Services The Services Sector in the Region was also The Region has the second largest share affected by the enforcement of ECQ in in the national output of the services Luzon due to the closure of shopping malls sector next to the National Capital Region. and other commercial establishments, Recovering from a downturn in 2017, the suspension of transportation services, and services sector achieved the upper end of its

192 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 the decline in the tourist arrivals because Among the affected Regions, of travel restrictions. Meanwhile, food CALABARZON suffered the biggest preparation and delivery services, banks foregone revenue in tourism at PHP 8.59 and money transfer services, hospital, and billion or 23 percent of the total based on business process outsourcing activities the 2018 data on tourist arrivals. Meanwhile, are expected to incur lower losses since the foregone revenue in terms of retail trade these sectors were exempted from work is estimated at PHP 18.4 billion or 18.8 suspension based on the ECQ Guidelines. percent of the country’s total, the second- highest next to NCR6 NEDA reported that the direct economic impact of COVID for the Philippines is Per capita GDP expected to be most evident in travel and The Region’s per capita GRDP grew at tourism, remittances, consumption, and annual average of 3.5 percent from 2016 trade, while economic losses sustained due to 2018. Among Regions, CALABARZON to the enforcement of the ECQ will be biggest has the second highest per capita GRDP in retail trade (mall closures), air transport of PhP 104,708. This reflects the sustained (closure of airports and cancellation of economic performance of the Region flights), and other manufacturing and despite its increasing population. service activities that are not part of food and health-related supply chains. 6 Report of the Inter-agency Task Force Technical Working Group for Anticipatory and Forward Planning. (As of April 2020). We Recover as One. Table 15.6 Growth Rate of Services Output (at constant 2000 prices) Region/YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 Philippines 7.5 6.8 6.8 NCR 8.0 7.1 5.8 CALABARZON (Actual) 7.3 6.0 7.1

CALABARZON (Target) 9.0-10.0 6.0-7.6 6.1-7.7 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

Table 15.7 Per Capita Gross Domestic Product in Pesos (at constant 2000 prices) Region/YEAR 2016 2017 2018 Philippines 78,682 82,593 86,370 NCR 232,739 244,589 253,893 CALABARZON 94,811 99,346 104,708 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

Labor and employment the plan target of 7 to 9 percent and was even recorded at 6.6 percent in 2018. CALABARZON, having the biggest Meanwhile, underemployment gradually population in the country, also has the declined from 15.5 percent in 2016 to 13.4 largest labor force at 10,096 persons with a percent in 2018, meeting its annual targets labor force participation rate of 62.7 percent and indicating the availability of quality or in 2018. adequately paying jobs.

Favorable trends of declining The improved employment situation unemployment and underemployment reflects the continuous generation of job rates and increasing levels of employment opportunities in the Region brought about generation were observed from 2016 to by increased economic activities in the 2018. Unemployment rate was kept within services and industry sectors which has

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 193 majority of employed persons. Employment Luzon with majority of affected workers generation and facilitation initiatives employed in manufacturing, hotel, by government and the academe also restaurants and tourism, and education contributed to increased employment. sectors. The number of displaced workers in CALABARZON totaled to 99,178, ranking However, gender disparity exists on labor the Region as the third highest in terms of force participation and employment which number of displaced workers, next to NCR is lower for women by 18 percentage points and Central Luzon at 246,810 and 179,875 and 16 percentage points, respectively. The workers, respectively7. The Department low income of workers in the agriculture of Labor and Employment launched the and fishery sector which employs around 9 COVID-19 Adjustment measures Program percent of the Region’s workforce also needs (CAMP) to provide financial assistance to be addressed through government and among affected workers during the ECQ market interventions. with total program cost amounting to The Taal Volcano eruption affected 14,326 PHP 54.68 million. It also initiated the workers from the manufacturing, retail and TUPAD #BKBK Disinfecting/Sanitation services, resorts, garments, and cooperative Project with a total project cost of PhP 6.58 private businesses due to implementation million. As of April 6, 2020, CAMP has of lockdown, resulting to an estimated assisted a total of 10,935 workers in 542 foregone income of PHP 75.25 million. establishments while TUPAD #BKBK has aided 2,828 beneficiaries in 694 barangays Meanwhile, 1,048,649 workers nationwide in the Region. were displaced either due to temporary 7 DOLE update as of April 12, 2020 as published in closure or flexible working arrangements news online(Source: https://www.cnnphilippines. following the enforcement of the ECQ in com/news/2020/4/12/DOLE-COVID-quarantine-1- million-displaced-workers.html ) Table 15.8 Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment Rates in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in percent) 2016 2017 2018 INDICATORS TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL Employment (%) 93.9-94.1 92.8 91-93 93.0 91-93 93.3 Unemployment (%) 8.6-9.4 7.2 7-9 7.0 7-9 6.7 Underemployment (%) <17.5 15.5 17.5 14.0 17.0 13.1 Source: 2019 RSET, PSA Labor Force Survey

Poverty incidence 2018 which generated more employment and income opportunities. While the Poverty incidence among families declined same downward trend was observed for from 10.4 percent in the first semester of all provinces in CALABARZON, higher 2015 to 7.6 percent in the first semester poverty incidence was observed in Quezon of 2018. A similar trend was observed and Batangas compared to the rest of the on poverty incidence among population Region indicating the presence of pockets which also declined from 13.4 percent of poverty in these areas. in 2015 to 10.1 percent in 2018 (both first semester estimates). Both Regional The reduction in poverty can be attributed estimates are lower than the national to various poverty alleviation programs, level and second-lowest overall, next to such as the institutionalization of NCR. This is consistent with the Region’s Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, sustained economic growth from 2015 to implementation of different convergence

194 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 initiatives of government agencies, support to the 35 least developed and expansion of social protection municipalities in the Region with poverty programs such as social pension and incidence higher than the national level. As health care coverage that have helped of 2019, outreach activities were conducted augment the income of poor and in Lian, Laiya, Calatagan, and San Juan marginalized households. in Batangas, Tagcauayan in Quezon, and Mabitac in Laguna. The Region achieved its annual targets for poverty incidence among population Through the various government and among families in 2018. In terms of interventions aimed towards poverty magnitude, the number of poor Filipinos in reduction coupled with increased economic the Region went down from 1.8 million in and income opportunities, the number 2015 to 1.1 million in 2018 which translates of least developed municipalities in to around 700,000 individuals in the Region CALABARZON has declined from 35 in that were lifted from poverty between this 2012 to 26 in 2015 (Table 15.11). period. Among families, the number was down to 189,100 in 2018 from 308,000 in The Taal Volcano eruption and the 2015 or 118,900 families out of poverty. COVID-19 outbreak affected poor households and individuals, whose source The Regional Development Councilof livelihoods are vulnerable to income launched the Community Outreach and shocks. Households engaged in agriculture Yakap-Bayan Community Mobilization and fishing were heavily affected by the Program in 2017 to bring development eruption as the sector sustained 65 percent Table 15.9 Poverty Incidence Among Families, by Region (in percent) AREA 2012 2015 2018 PHILIPPINES 19.7 17.9 12.1 NCR 2.6 2.8 1.5 Region IV-A 8.3 9.1 5.0 Batangas 14.7 16.9 8.4 Cavite 2.6 6.1 3.7 Laguna 4.6 3.6 2.7 Quezon 20.3 18.4 9.3 Rizal 5.0 4.1 3.3 Source: PSA

Table 15.10 Poverty Incidence among Population, by Region (in percent) AREA 2012 2015 2018 PHILIPPINES 25.2 23.3 16.6 NCR 3.6 4.1 2.3 Region IV-A 10.9 12.2 7.1 Batangas 19 21.4 11.2 Cavite 3.4 9 5.3 Laguna 6.4 4.9 3.9 Quezon 27.5 24.4 13.4 Rizal 6.1 6.1 4.5 Source: PSA

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 195 Table 15.11 CALABARZON Least Developed Municipalities (based on 2012 & 2015 Small Area Poverty Estimates) MUNICIPALITY PROVINCE 2012 2015 Batangas 1. Laurel 4. Calatagan 1. Calatagan 2. Tingloy 5. San Juan 2. Laurel 3. Lobo 3. Tingloy Laguna 1. Mabitac

Quezon 1. Jomalig 13. Atimonan 25. Quezon 1. Atimonan 13. Panukulan 2. Patnanungan 14.General Luna 26. San Antonio 2. Buenavista 14.Patnanungan 3. San Andres 15. Tagkawayan 27. Unisan 3. Burdeos 15. Perez 4. Burdeos 16. Polilio 28. Sariaya 4. Calauag 16. Pitogo 5. Buenavista 17. Catanauan 29. Lopez 5. Catanuan 17. Polillo 6. Panukulan 18. Macalelon 6. General Luna 18. Quezon 7. San Francisco 19. Real 7. General Nakar 19. Real 8. San Narciso 20.Guinayangan 8. Guinayangan 20. San Andres 9. General Nakar 21. Pitogo 9. Jomalig 21.San Francisco 10. Mulanay 22. Calauag 10. Lopez 22. San Narciso 11. Agdangan 23.Padre Burgos 11. Macalelon 23. Tagkawayan 12. Perez 24. Mauban 12. Mulanay of total losses due to the disaster. Even after supply-side pressures in food and energy the disaster, not all farmers can immediately prices. The combined effects of shortage in resume their livelihood as many of the the supply of rice due to the delayed rice agriculture areas have been affected by importation of NFA in early 2018 combined ashfall and need to be cleared. with external issues including higher world oil price, and peso depreciation triggered Meanwhile, the imposition of home high inflation for the entire second semester quarantine and suspension of “non- of 2018. Higher taxes on oil, cigarettes and essential” business and mass public transport sweetened beverages also contributed amid the COVID-19 outbreak caused to inflation. the displacement of workers and placed restrictions on the ability of households in Regional and national rates reached peak meeting their basic daily necessities. The levels in September 2018 at 6.2 percent most affected are minimum and daily wage and 6.7 percent, respectively. Both slowed earners, and those in the informal economy. down consistently towards the end of the fourth quarter of 2018, where it dipped The combined impacts of the two disasters below the Regional target of 5 percent and in terms of displacement of workers, income further declined at the onset of first quarter shocks, cost of illness, among others, can 2019 as the impacts of a stronger peso, increase the risk of vulnerable families to fall monetary policy adjustments of the BSP, into or fall deeper into poverty which in turn implementation of rice tariffication, and could hamper the achievement of poverty reduction in global oil prices materialized. reduction targets in the Region. Thus, social The government also implemented protection and amelioration programs need measures to ease the impact of inflation on to be provided quickly to address negative vulnerable sectors such as unconditional impacts to the marginalized. cash transfers and fuel vouchers.

Inflation The same upward trend in inflation is reflected among the provinces. However, The prices of basic commodities followed Batangas and Quezon both exceeded the a steep increasing trend from 0.9 percent Regional inflation rate in 2018, at 4.9 in 2016 to 4.8 percent in 2018 due to percent and 5.9 percent, respectively which

196 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 may indicate supply deficiencies and access of the disaster were most evident in the difficulties of major commodities. affected provinces of Batangas and Cavite (Table 15.13). During the first quarter of 2020, inflation rate in the Region faced both upward and Meanwhile, the COVID-19 Pandemic downward pressures. The eruption of the and the increasing number of positive Taal Volcano in January 2020 resulted to cases in the country led to the month- an increase in commodity prices in the long enforcement of the ECQ in Luzon Region. While the Regional inflation rate effective March 17, 2020. The policy which for January 2020 is lower compared to required the suspension of mass public January 2019, however, month-on-month transport, home quarantine and restricted change in inflation rate accelerated with movement of people, and social distancing an increase of 0.4 index points from 3.1 placed limitations on consumer spending. percent in December 2019 to 3.5 percent in A nationwide state of calamity was also January 2020. declared which called for the imposition of price freeze in all basic commodities There was a faster uptick in inflation from effective until May 15, 2020. December 2019 to January 2020, compared to the same period prior to the disaster. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic This can be attributed to the disruption in combined with the sharp decline in fuel supply of agricultural commodities brought price in the world market, posed an overall by the Taal Volcano eruption. As expected, downward pressure to prices at the national the inflationary effects during the period and Regional level. National inflation rate Table 15.12 Inflation Rate Region/PROVINCE 2016 2017 2018 Region IV-A 0.9 2.9 4.8 Batangas 2.1 3.0 4.7 Cavite -0.1 2.0 4.8 Laguna 0.4 3.5 4.9 Quezon 0.9 2.9 4.2 Rizal 1.4 4.0 5.9 Source: 2019 RSET, PSA

Table 15.13 Comparison of Inflation Rates in CALABARZON, 2017-2020 PRE-DISASTER POST-DISASTER 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020

Region/ Inflation (%) Inflation (%) Inflation (%) PROVINCE Change Change Change Dec Jan (Dec’17 Dec Jan (Dec’18 Dec Jan (Dec’19 2017 2018 VS Jan 2018 2019 to Jan 2019 2020 VS Jan ’18) ’19) ’20) Region IV-A 2.9 2.9 0.00 4.8 4.3 -0.50 3.1 3.5 0.40 Batangas 2.5 2.6 0.10 6.4 5.3 -1.10 2.2 3.5 1.30 Cavite 2.9 2.7 -0.20 4.5 4.1 -0.40 4.1 4.7 0.60 Laguna 2.4 2.8 0.40 4.6 3.9 -0.70 2.1 2.5 0.40 Quezon 4.9 5.5 0.60 3.5 3.3 -0.20 3.3 3 -0.30 Rizal 2.5 2.5 0.00 4.6 4.7 0.10 3.8 3.6 -0.20 Source:Data derived from PSA Region IV-A

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 197 decelerated to 2.5 percent in March 2020 Presence of banks sustained an upward from 2.6 percent in the previous month. trend from 2016 to 2018, growing to a total The same trend was observed for the Region of 1,825 banks. Universal/Commercial wherein inflation rate slowed down from 2.6 Banks (UCBs) are the most dominant at 40 percent in February to 2.3 percent in March percent while Rural Banks (RBs) and Thrift 2020. All five provinces mirrored this trend and Savings Banks (TSBs) each constitute and recorded index point-declines ranging 30 percent of the total number of banks in from 0.1 to 0.7 from February to March the Region (Table 15.14). (Batangas - 0.7; Cavite - 0.4; Laguna - 0.3; Quezon - 0.5; and Rizal - 0.1). The number of banks grew in all provinces from 2016 to 2018. As of 2018, Cavite hosts the most number of UCBs in the Region. Financial inclusiveness Meanwhile, Batangas and Laguna have the most TSB) and Rural Cooperative Banks Banking system (RCBs), respectively. Banks are fewest in The banking system in CALABARZON Quezon but showed the second-fastest showed stable and strong performance in growth at 11.16 percent, next to Cavite terms of increasing number of financial (Table 15.15). services from 2016 to 2018, with marked Total assets in the Region grew rapidly to average annual growth of 13.42 percent PhP814 billion in 2018 with a 45 percent- in number of banks, 45 percent in total growth from its value in 2015. UCBs account assets, 23 percent in number of ATMs, for the largest portion (77 percent) of the 21.4 percent in deposit liabilities, and 61.44 total asset value in the Region, followed percent in net loan portfolio. Consistent TBs (18 percent) and RCBs (5 percent). growth in the financial sector stems from The increase in the number and assets of the expansion of economic activities in the banks point to increasing safety nets against Region, relatively higher per capita income, consumer credit risks. and rapid urbanization. Table 15.14 Number of Offices by Type of Bank, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016-2018 AREA/TYPE OF BANK 2016 2017 2018 CHANGE (%) CALABARZON 1,665 1,737 1,825 13.42 Universal/ Commercial Banks (UCB) 682 709 727 12.19 Thrift and Savings Banks (TSB) 467 508 563 29.43 Rural Banks (RB) 516 520 535 1.71 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

Table 15.15 Number of Banks in CALABARZON by Type, by Province, 2016-2018 NUMBER OF UNIVERSAL NUMBER OF THRIFT NUMBER OF RURAL & ‘16-’18 TOTAL & COMMERCIAL BANKS BANKS COOPERATIVE BANKS % AREA CHANGE 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

Batangas 141 147 152 135 150 164 107 100 99 383 397 415 8% Cavite 187 191 197 118 130 154 51 51 56 356 372 407 14% Laguna 188 193 195 107 112 124 160 165 167 455 470 486 7% Quezon 54 59 62 38 43 48 132 136 139 224 238 249 11% Rizal 112 119 121 69 73 73 66 68 74 247 260 268 9% Regional 682 709 727 467 508 563 516 520 535 1,665 1,737 1,825 10% Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)

198 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 The bank density ratio in CALABARZON percent) and RCBs (2 percent). Improved marginally increased from 12 percent in accessibility of basic financial transactions 2016 to 13 percent in 2018 which translates is one of the benefits of increasing number to 12 banks providing financial services for of ATM machines. each city and municipality in the Region. Rizal consistently showed the highest bank Deposit liabilities showed consistent growth density from 2016 to 2018 while Quezon from 2016 to 2018. In 2018, UCBs contribute had the lowest, falling well below the the highest proportion (84 percent) to the Regional ratio. total value of deposit liabilities, followed by TSBs (12 percent) and RCBs (4 percent) ATMs installed in the Region increased by (Table 15.19). Increasing value of deposit 23 percent within three years. As of 2018, liabilities indicate increasing trust of CALABARZON has a total of 3,167 ATMs consumers to the banking system. (Table 15.18). Both onsite and offsite ATMs showed growth in the same period. UCBs The value of net loan portfolio increased dominate the ATM population accounting rapidly from 2016 to 2018, accumulating for 83 percent, followed by TBs (14 a growth of 62 percent by the end of the Table 15.16 Total Assets by Type of Bank, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in billion pesos) 2016-2018 AREA/TYPE OF BANK 2016 2017 2018 CHANGE (%) CALABARZON 624.50 717.43 813.90 45.24 Universal/ Commercial Banks (UCB) 511.88 540.14 626.31 39.56 Thrift and Savings Banks (TSB) 75.08 136.21 143.33 92.60 Rural and Cooperative Banks (RCB) 37.54 41.08 44.26 19.04 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Table 15.17 Bank Density Ratio in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 BANK DENSITY RATIO PROVINCE 2016 2017 2018 Batangas 11 12 12.2 Cavite 15 16 17.7 Laguna 15 16 16.2 Quezon 5 6 6.1 Rizal 18 19 19.1 CALABARZON 12 12 12.9 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Table 15.18 Number of Automated Teller Machines, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 2016-2018 AREA/TYPE OF BANK 2016 2017 2018 CHANGE (%) CALABARZON 2,848 3,023 3,167 23.42 Onsite 1,421 1,483 1,518 16.68 Universal and Commercial Banks 1,076 1,135 1,168 19.43 Thrift Banks 269 272 278 12.10 Rural and Cooperative Banks 76 76 72 (4.00) Offsite 1,427 1,540 1,649 30.36 Universal and Commercial Banks 1,250 1,358 1,474 34.12 Thrift Banks 167 169 171 6.21 Rural and Cooperative Banks 10 13 4 (20.00) Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 199 period (Table 15.20). UCBs exceeded this MSMEs and the informal sector in availing rate, marking a growth of 102 percent in financial services; and c) need to improve 2018. Thrift banks also showed growth at mobilization of financial resources into 18 percent while RCBs registered a negative viable investments and savings mechanisms. growth of 16 percent. In 2018, net loan portfolio totalled to 233 billion pesos, 71 Microfinance services and percent of which is sourced from UCBs. cooperatives

The Region continues to face the following Microfinance institutions cater to the needs issues in terms of ensuring an inclusive of the low-income sector for financial and resilient financial sector: a) limited services. Compared to the formal banking access points and increasing concentration sector, financial products and services are in urban centers which discourage capital offered by microfinance institutions with market participation and access to business fewer requirements. financing among the marginalized sectors Overall, provision of microfinance services and rural communities; b) stringent improved in the Region as the amount of requirements by banks which discourage loans outstanding and savings component Table 15.19 Deposit Liabilities by Type of Bank, 2016-2018 (in billion pesos) 2016-2018 AREA/TYPE OF BANK 2016 2017 2018 CHANGE (%) CALABARZON 731.26 812.38 887.76 21.40 Universal & Commercial Banks 614.61 673.45 744.14 21.08 Thrift Banks 81.02 96.81 107.40 32.56 Rural & Cooperative Banks 35.62 42.12 36.22 1.68 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

Table 15.20 Net Loan Portfolio by Type of Bank, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in billion pesos) 2016-2018 AREA/TYPE OF BANK 2016 2017 2018 CHANGE (%) CALABARZON 143.51 190.50 233.12 62.44 Universal & Commercial Banks 81.82 126.19 165.19 101.89 Thrift Banks 47.11 48.89 55.68 18.19 Rural & Cooperative Banks 14.58 15.43 12.25 -15.98 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas exhibited high and rapid growth from 2016 increased delivery of microfinance products to 2018. Value and delivery of microfinance and services to the low-income population. services showed strong performance despite the marginal decline in number of CALABARZON has a total of 139 registered microfinance-oriented banks from 33 in cooperatives in 2018 (Table 15.22). This 2016 to 32 in 2018. The amount of loans indicates a growth of 78 percent from outstanding was valued at PhP 55 billion in 2016 to 2018. It also exceeded its annual 2018, marking a 63 percent growth for the targets for the period and achieved 70 past three years. Savings component more percent above its target in 2018. Increase than doubled within the period, accruing in number of cooperatives is attributed to to a total of PhP 28 billion in 2018. The increasing demand for transport and credit number of borrowers grew by 28 percent cooperatives. Majority of the registered within a span of three years which indicate cooperatives in the Region are under the transport type with 50 cooperatives

200 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 followed by credit type with 35 cooperatives. Local government resource Under the Public Utility Jeepney (PUJ) mobilization Modernization Program, jeepney drivers and operators are required to be organized LGUs are mandated to implement into a formal group to be able to apply for development initiatives for the general transport routes and financial assistance. welfare of its citizens and to achieve its local development goals. Upgrading of income Total cooperative assets in the Region levels and having more revenue channels more than doubled from PhP21.5 billion aside IRA from the national government is in 2016 to PhP71.1 billion in 2018 (Table needed to increase funds for development 15.26). The large increase can be attributed projects and facilitate financial self-reliance to the increased number of cooperatives of LGUs. and improved accuracy of data collection due to transition from manual encoding to online encoding.

Table 15.21 Microfinance Statistics, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 GROWTH 2016 2017 2018 (2016-2018) Number of banks 33 31 32 -3.03 Amount of loans outstanding (in million pesos) PHP 33,939.75 PHP 42,540.56 PHP 55,412.20 63.27 Number of borrowers 4,742,118 5,616,989 6,067,566 27.95 Savings Component (in million pesos) PHP 15,944.18 PHP 21,596.06 PHP 28,822.10 80.77 Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (RSET 2019) Table 15.22 Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2015-2018 TYPE 2016 2017 2018 Advocacy 0 0 0 Agrarian 2 0 0 Agriculture 9 35 13 Bank 0 0 0 Consumers 18 19 20 Credit 19 32 35 Dairy 0 0 0 Federation 2 0 1 Fishermen 0 0 0 Health 0 0 0 Housing 0 0 0 Labor 0 0 0 Marketing 9 5 7 Multipurpose 0 0 0 Producers 9 10 7 Service 0 1 2 Transport 7 22 50 Union 0 0 0 Water 1 1 3 Worker 2 0 1 Total 78 125 139 Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 201 Table 15.23 Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS (in billion pesos) 2015-2018 2015 2016 2017 2018 % increase 19.596 21.5 82.6 71.1 130.7% Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office

Total revenue collections of LGUs increased automated Business Permits and Licensing from 2016 to 2018 (Table 15.27). In 2018, System, updating of the local revenue code the largest growth in revenue collections of the LGUs, capacity buildings on financial was sourced from economic enterprises management, and regular evaluation of (25 percent), followed by business taxes (18 treasury and assessment operations. percent), fees and charges (15 percent), and real property tax (9 percent). Considering the increase of IRA share starting with the 2022 budget cycle with Attainment of targets also improved within the implementation of the Supreme the three-year period. In 2016, the target Court Ruling on the Mandanas Case, collection was achieved for fees and charges proper budgeting and utilization of only. In 2018, business taxes, fees and charges additional funds will be essential to ensure and economic enterprises surpassed their improvement in the delivery of all devolved targets while real property tax accomplished services. Meanwhile, the implementation 99.52 percent (Table 15.25). of the Executive Order No. 17 will pose a challenge in the collections of real property The general increase in collections could tax among LGUs. be attributed to the implementation of the Table 15.24 Revenue Type, Actual Collections, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in million pesos)

2016 2017 2016-2017 % 2018 2017-2018 ACTUAL ACTUAL increase/ ACTUAL % increase/ (MILLION) (MILLION) (decrease) (MILLION) (decrease)

Real Property Tax 12,813.30 15,061.96 17.55 16,448.62 9.21 Business Tax 10,402.20 12,336.76 18.60 14,594.41 18.30 Fees and Charges 3,655.10 4,238.02 15.95 4,887.00 15.31 Economic Enterprises 2,062.20 2,070.83 0.42 2,593.01 25.22 Source: Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF) – CALABARZON

Table 15.25 Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, CALABARZON, 2016-2018 (in million pesos) 2016 2017 2018 REVENUE TYPE TARGET ACTUAL % TARGET ACTUAL % TARGET ACTUAL % (MILLION) (MILLION) ATTAINED (MILLION) (MILLION) ATTAINED (MILLION) (MILLION) ATTAINED Real Property Tax 15,276.37 12,813.30 83.88% 15,107.45 15,061.96 99.70% 16,528.03 16,448.62 99.52% Business Tax 10,453.67 10,402.20 99.51% 18,881.38 12,336.76 65.34% 11,603.15 14,594.41 125.78% Fees and Charges 3,243.89 3,655.10 112.68% 3,937.68 4,238.02 107.63% 4,214.06 4,887.00 115.97% Economic Enterprises 2,115.1 2,062.20 97.50% 1,934.88 2,070.83 107.03% 2,062.25 2,593.01 125.74% Source: BLGF – CALABARZON

202 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Action Plan Strategic Framework Figure 15.1 Strategic Framework to Sustain a Sound Macroeconomic Policy

Targets Table 15.26 Plan Targets to Sustain a Sound Macroeconomic Policy

BASELINE 1 END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2018 AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 GRDP growth rates increased (%) 7.3 5.7-7.2 5.9-7.2 6.0-7.3 PSA Agricultures and fisheries growth rates 0.7 2.5-4.0 2.6-4.2 2.8-4.5 PSA increased (%) Industry growth rates increased (%) 7.9 5.6-7.1 5.8-7.1 6.0-7.2 PSA Services growth rates increased (%) 7.1 6.3-7.8 6.4-7.9 6.5-8.0 PSA Poverty incidence by population 10.1 6.5 6 5.5 PSA reduced (%) Poverty incidence among families 7.6 4.7 4.4 4 PSA reduced (%) Employment level generation 5,913 Increasing Increasing TBD PSA, DOLE increased ('000) Unemployment rate kept within of 6.6 7-9% 7-9% 7-9% PSA 7-9% maintained

1 Macroeconomic targets for 2020- 2022 may be subject to change due to rebasing of GDP from 2000 to 2018 and revising to account for the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic to the economy. The adjustment of targets for the remaining years of the plan period would require more information given the data limitations on its impacts to local supply chains, and that there is still no definitive projections on when the pandemic will likely end. Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 203 BASELINE 1 END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2018 AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Underemployment rate of less than 13.40% 16.00% 15.50% 15.00% PSA 17.5% achieved Maintained below 5% inflation 4.8 <↓5% <5% <↓5% PSA, BSP rate achieved Ratio of local source of LGU income 36.38% 36.20% 35.70% 37% BLGF to total current operating income increased (%) Financial (bank) system total assets 13% Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP growth rate increased Number of banks increased a. Universal & Commercial Banks 727 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP b. Thrift Banks 563 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP c. Rural & Cooperative Banks 535 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP Annual value of microfinance services delivery a. Number of microfinance oriented 32 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP banks increased b. Number of borrowers increased 1,566,569 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP c. Amount of loans outstanding (PhP) 16,348.60 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP d. Savings component (inPhP million) 7,965.70 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP increased Bank Density Ratio increased 13 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP Number of banks per 100,000 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP population Number of ATMs (on-site/off-site) increased a. On-site 1,518 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP b. Off-site 1,649 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP Number of Non-Banks Financial Institutions a. Financing Companies with QBS 11 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP b. Pawnshops 1,539 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP c. FXD/MC 137 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP d. FXD/MC/RA 1,323 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP e. RA 630 Increasing Increasing Increasing BSP Revenue collection efficiency improved (in PHP million) a. Real Property Tax 16,448.62 16,898.00 17,589.00 18,008.00 DOF-BLGF b. Business Tax 14,594.41 14,078.00 14,816.00 14,947.00 DOF-BLGF c. Fees and Charges 4,887.00 5,306.00 6,118.00 7,054.00 DOF-BLGF d. Economic Enterprises 2,593.01 2,156.00 2,165.00 2,174.00 DOF-BLGF Number of registered cooperatives 139 84 85 86 CDA increased Total number of credit cooperatives 35 18 19 19 CDA Total cooperative assets increased (in 71.1 22.4 22.6 22.8 CDA PhP billion)

204 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Strategies livelihood and market access. Market access interventions include alternative To address the challenges encountered in market opportunities such as mobile the first two years of plan implementation, markets and direct purchase of LGUs of strategic interventions are identified. These agricultural products from local farmers interventions aim to ensure attainability of and fisherfolk for local consumption or as macroeconomic targets by the end of the relief goods. There is also a need to establish plan period. an online marketing system for agricultural commodities that will improve the linkage Improve the productivity of the of farmers to digital platforms. agriculture and fisheries sector Farmers and fisherfolks should also be The sector showed stagnant growth in the given assistance in the form of zero or low production of crops, marginal growth interest loans during natural and public in the livestock and poultry subsector health disasters and outbreaks of animal and consistent contraction in the diseases (e.g. avian influenza, ASF, etc.) to fisheries subsector. ensure continuous production and prevent fluctuations in agricultural supply chains. In order to achieve growth targets, the productivity of the sector must be enhanced Sustain growth momentum in industry through strengthening of efforts on: and services sector a) farm modernization through the use of technologies in production such as farm To sustain the upward growth of industry mechanization and farm irrigation to and services, there is a need to improve reduce production costs; b) crop the Region’s competitiveness through diversification to lower risk toinfrastructure development (e.g. logistics, production losses due to climatic shocks; transport, broadband connections, power c) diversification into commodities with supply) to promote efficient flow of goods high value-adding and market potential; and services and improve ease of doing d) agribusiness development and increase business to attract more investments by private sector participation; e) enforcement global and high-value firms. To make growth of sustainable fisheries management by inclusive, MSMEs will be strengthened 1 all levels of government; and f) increase through industrial deepening , expansion productivity of aquaculture products of export capacities, technology and market through research and development and assistance, and improvement of access to infrastructure development. credit programs.

Product standards will also be improved For the services sector, growth can be through the collaboration among academe, increased by: a) providing a favorable research institutions, private sector, and investment climate for information government agencies. technology-business process outsourcing and other modern services in urban areas; To address the impact of disasters and and b) expansion of the tourism industry to pandemics on agricultural production promote development in rural and remote and ensure continuity of the supply chain, areas with limited economic activities. farmers and fisherfolks will be provided production assistance in terms of farming CALABARZON will also further capitalize and fishing inputs, machineries, facilities, on its high number of economic zones equipment, trainings for alternative 1 refers to the formation of local linkages and the creation of a robust local supplier base(Kuroiwa, 2015) Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 205 by promoting key export products in the to provide support to micro and small Region by consolidating trade promotion businesses affected by the COVID-19 activities and maximizing product Outbreak and other related disasters. visibility through the use of social media Under this loan facility, micro enterprises and online platforms. These interventions with assets worth up to Php 3 million may will be coordinated and continued in the borrow PHP 10,0000 up to PHP 200,000 Region through the RDC Investment and small enterprises with assets amounting Promotion Group. to up to PHP 10 million may borrow up to PHP 500,000 at an interest rate of 5 percent. Once the ECQ is lifted and the pandemic In addition, a one-month moratorium may is contained, rebuilding consumer and be imposed on loan payments of MSME business confidence is critical to bring borrowers and partner financial institutions. to normal state economic activities in the Region. This is included in the Phase Further, the Shared Service Facilities 2 of NEDA’s response to the pandemic (SSF) Project / Fabrication Laboratories which aims to rebuild consumer and (FabLabs) as a public-private partnership business confidence through the following initiative may be put in place as shared interventions: implementation of staggered system on machinery, equipment, tools, work and business hours; provide systems, accessories and other auxiliary emergency loans to businesses and items, skills and knowledge to enhance emergency production assistance to MSMEs competitiveness by increasing farmers fisherfolk, and MSME; and their production capacities and improving provide emergency loans to consumers, product quality, resulting to increased among others. markets, increased sales, and further contributing to jobs generation In line with this, DTI implemented interventions through the following For the manufacturing sector, industries issuances to provide support and assistance affected by value chain disruptions can to affected businesses: maximize trading with other smaller export • Memorandum Circular 20-12, ‘Guidelines and import markets given that its major on the Concessions on Residential Rents; trading partners, China and the United Commercial Rents of MSMEs’ was issued States of America, are heavily affected by to provide grace period of 30 days to the COVID-19 pandemic. Subject to easing residential and commercial rents with due of policy restrictions, export-oriented date within the ECQ businesses can also market their products • Memorandum Circular 20-08 amending for domestic consumption. Memorandum Circular No. 20-06, ‘Ensuring Unhampered Movement of There is also a need to aggressively promote Cargo and Transit of Personnel of Business tourism in view of the large losses in the Establishments Allowed to Operate sector as a result of travel restrictions. During the Enhanced Community Campaigns to promote the various tourist Quarantine of Luzon’ which prevents the destinations of the Region targeting both delay and impediment to the transport the domestic and foreign tourists should be of goods and movement of employees in widely disseminated once the COVID-19 selected sectors. pandemic is under control and will not pose major health risks. To attract more The DTI can continue to implement tourists, discounted travel packages can the Pondo sa Pagbabago at Pag-asenso be offered by travel agencies and other Enterprise Rehabilitation Financing facility tourism establishments.

206 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Provide economic opportunities and of the coverage of 4Ps and the social pension livelihoods to reduce poverty program, and effective transition programs for 4P household graduates are also Most of the areas with high poverty incidence crucial in sustaining poverty reduction in in the Region are located in rural or remote the Region. areas and have limited economic activities. Thus, more economic opportunities must The nationwide implementation of the be created in industry and services sector Community Based Monitoring System and and agricultural products must be made the National Identification System should competitive to increase income levels. also be fast-tracked in order to have an effective and efficient profiling system of To close the gap on poverty targets households from barangay to the city and and address the poverty-inducing municipal levels that will provide sound effects of disasters and pandemics, the basis in targeting and monitoring poverty following programs and activities need alleviation and other development programs to be prioritized: a) development and by the government. implementation of context-specific poverty reduction programs that will improve Produce competitive workforce productivity and provide sustainable livelihoods to the poor and income- In order to improve the employability of vulnerable households and individuals; the Region’s workforce and attract skills and b) strengthening convergence programs knowledge-based investors to the Region, across agencies and between the public the following strategies will continue to and private sector; c) institutionalization be implemented: a) provision of quality of Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan - and accessible basic education for all; National Community-Driven Development b) improvement of curricula and training Program (KALAHI-NCDDP) and programs in line with industry requirements adoption of local governments of the or needs; c) increasing the accessibility program; d) implementation of Social and affordability of skills upgrading Amelioration Program to all low-income and continuing learning programs for households and other groups heavily professionals ; and d) strengthening affected by stringent quarantine protocols; of accreditation of academe and e) continue implementation of poverty training centers. alleviation programs like Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, livelihood Maintain stable inflation rate and employment generation programs; f) provision of assistance to lagging LGUs There is a need to ensure and maintain to prepare and implement development adequacy of agricultural commodities and plans and/or poverty action plans, and food supply to avoid supply-side pressure increase local resource mobilization/ to prices. Thus, it is important to reduce income; and g) provision of differentiated the vulnerability of farmers to changing social service programs with priority weather through promotion of climate- focus on severely affected areas and highly resilient practices, provision of market vulnerable population. development services, and improvement in the availability and access to There is also a need to harmonize agricultural insurance. government poverty interventions to improve the effectivity of social development The continued implementation of rice programs. The continuation and expansion tariffication is also crucial in maintaining

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 207 the price stability of rice which comprises To help cover their income losses and a huge portion of food prices. Support to support resumption of operations, affected local food production, efficient transport MSMEs and agricultural workers will be of goods, and fair market competition will provided with emergency loans with low also be pursued to maintain a low and interest rate. Tax cuts for MSMEs can also stable inflation. be explored to provide financial relief. This can be in the form of business permit Provide employment opportunities to tax cuts, payroll tax cuts, VAT breaks/ displaced workers and emergency loans to exemptions, tax rebates, and deferred affected MSMEs and agricultural workers payments of contributions and taxes.

The enforcement of ECQ in Luzon resulted Pursue strategic infrastructure to to the displacement of many workers stimulate growth and develop ICT particularly those in the informal sector. In infrastructure to boost e-commerce order to avoid prolonged unemployment, and productivity alternative livelihood programs and employment opportunities should be To stimulate growth and as part of recovery made available to the affected workers. In efforts from the pandemic, the Region addition, profiling of displaced workers vis- will pursue strategic infrastructure on à-vis the provision of seminars and training transportation, telecommunications, and programs for skills upgrading should be public health. Strategic infrastructure done in order to increase the employability pertains to crucial, highly beneficial, and of displaced workers in other alternative implementation-ready projects that will sectors. The TUPAD Program should be generate significant employment and continuously implemented to provide Regional or area-wide economic benefits. emergency employment to displaced Government spending on key infrastructure workers. Existing mechanisms such as projects will also produce multiplier effects SSS unemployment and sickness benefits, to the economy in terms of employment referral and re-employment program, and generation and boosting consumption and other labor market interventions should investment spending. be utilized. ICT plays an even bigger role in ensuring In particular, the provision and enhanced the productivity of organizations in times coverage of SSS unemployment insurance of emergencies like quarantine. Thus, the should be prioritized to augment income ICT infrastructure in the country must of displaced workers and maintain their be developed to support the needs of standard of living while fully engaged in businesses and the government to have a job search. This will enable displaced a digital platform for their operations workers to effectively look for jobs that match and services, and for households and their skills, prevent underemployment, individuals to be able to work from home and encourage displaced workers to seek effectively and access essential services work in the formal sector. The adoption online. Internet broadband services at of a universal income guarantee can also par with global standards and internet be explored to address income insecurity connectivity in public places should be among displaced workers and cushion prioritized to help the economy adjust to the welfare impacts of unemployment by a “new normal” that is better prepared for ensuring that the affected workforce is large-scale emergencies like pandemics. provided with the minimum income needed to meet their basic daily necessities.

208 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Institutionalize Business Continuity A major component of these rehabilitation Planning in the public and private sector and recovery programs are immediate and medium-term public investment Business Continuity Plans (BCP) will help requirements (programs and projects) on ensure the continuity of operations and specific sectors on health, social protection, services in times of emergency and disasters. education, industry and services, agriculture For the government sector, efforts to develop and fisheries, governance, security, Public Service Continuity Plan for local environment, and transportation. The government units and national government recovery program will include differentiated agencies need to be institutionalized to interventions to help the affected industries help ensure the continuity of essential recover from losses, ensure continuity government functions. of operations, and encourage retention of existing workers to prevent negative Business Continuity Plan is also important demand shocks to labor. for the ecozone locators and to private establishments such as MSMEs. The Plan Addressing the challenges among the will provide for the assessment of the various financial systems will result to possible hazards and impacts of natural achieving a resilient and inclusive monetary disasters to the operational functions of and financial sector. The following strategies the ecozones/business firms, including shall be pursued: a) enhance and strengthen the response mechanism and quick LGU resource mobilization in the Region; recovery measures for the industries to b) improve financial inclusion mechanism; continue to operate, avoid disruptions, and and c) strengthen and improve enabling rebuild businesses for a certain period of environment for the financial system. time. Policies or incentives can be given to the private businesses to encourage Enhance and strengthen LGU resource preparation of BCP. This would contribute mobilization in the Region to building resilient economic supply chains and communities. In order to further increase the share of local sources of revenue, the following programs Formulate a rehabilitation and recovery and activities should be prioritized: program to mitigate losses and a) update local revenue code and schedule sustain growth of market values; b) assist LGUs to determine, establish, and operate other One of the pillars of the Duterte sources of revenues such as local economic administration’s socioeconomic strategy enterprises; c) continue capacity building against COVID-19 is the preparation of and strengthening of public financial an economic recovery plan at the national management in the LGUs; d) conduct level that will create jobs and sustain regular evaluation of treasury and growth. To support the national economic assessment operations; and e) continue recovery plan, Regions through NEDA’s improvement and simplification of lead, will also come up with their own regulations and processes on business rehabilitation and recovery program which registration and licensing and tax payment aims to mitigate economic losses from the through the use of technology. pandemic and the quarantine, “define” the new normal of economic activities through With the increase of LGU’s IRA share specific strategies and also to recommend a starting in FY 2022, additional funds must platform to convey the right information to be allocated to social services, thereby the public to gain trust and confidence. increasing the share of social services to

Chapter 15 Sound Macroeconomic Policy | 209 current operating expense in LGUs. To of cooperatives, improvement in the support this strategy, LGUs must be further convergence of cooperative development capacitated by relevant NGAs in social programs with other government agencies service delivery. Public awareness on the must also be pursued. This can be achieved role of LGUs in social service delivery can by increasing the assistance of NGAs and also be raised to improve accountability of LGUs to cooperatives and establishing development outcomes at the local level. CDA partnerships with other NGAs (e.g. CDA-DAR, CDA-DTI, CDA-DA, CDA- Improve financial inclusion mechanism NCIP, DOLE).

Continue to build, strengthen, and establish Strengthen and improve enabling financial systems and institutions in the environment for the financial system Region to create more financial access points that deliver financial services at affordable In order to build a strong and resilient cost to all segments of society. financial sector, the following must be accomplished: continual improvement Increasing access to credit among MSMEs, of the monitoring of financial climate; farmers, and other low-income sectors enforcement of policy and pricing would improve their financial capacities incentives to reduce barriers to investment; and result to increased productivity. and investments in human, institutional In order to strengthen the capacities and technical capacities. Major Programs and Projects • Agribusiness and Agri- • Automation of business registration and entrepreneurship programs licensing and tax payment systems • Investment Promotion activities through • Capacity building and strengthening of the RDC Investment Promotion Group public financial management in LGUs • DICT’s National Internet Connectivity • DOLE’s TUPAD Program • Implementation of the Export • Social Amelioration Program Development Plan and MSME • Kadiwa on Wheels Development Plan • Pondo sa Pagbabago at Pag-asenso • Continued implementation of 4Ps and for MSMEs Social Pension program and better • Credit guarantee program for targeting of beneficiaries small businesses • Roll-out of the Rice Competitiveness • Community Based Monitoring System Enhancement Fund • National Identification System • Roll-out of Universal Health Care

210 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field | 211 212 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field

CALABARZON, known as the industrial powerhouse of the country for having the highest industry output and the second biggest contribution to the national economy, still has yet to realize its greatest potential for development. Its potential to be the leading economic growth area is impeded by the limited competition in the market and the low competitiveness of various localities in the Region as investment destinations. Improving the investment climate in the Region is necessary to be able to attract new investors as well as encourage existing firms to expand their businesses to boost economic development. The presence of more market players will support healthy market competition and will improve consumer welfare by providing consumers a wider choice of goods and services at lower prices. Established on 2016, the Philippine Competition Commission is mandated to implement the National Competition Policy (NCP) and enforce Republic Act No. 10667 or the Philippine Competition Act. Three years since its creation, the PCC has made strides on prohibiting anticompetitive agreements, abuses of market dominance, and anticompetitive mergers and acquisitions. It has also conducted various advocacy activities to mainstream competition principles and advocate for pro-competitive government policies. At the Regional level, market competition is being supported through the competitiveness of LGUs which set the investment climate for local and international firms. The CMCI Survey is being continuously undertaken to encourage LGUs to make their area more investor-friendly. To develop an enabling environment for market competition, the following main strategies will be pursued: a) simplify and streamline government requirements and processes pursuant to RA 11032 or Ease of Doing Business Act; b) strengthen the Regional and Provincial Competiveness Councils; and c) intensify advocacy activities on competition law, policies, and concepts to develop a pro- competition culture. Assessment and Challenges

Competition environment in terms of business dynamism, market size, financial system, and labor market, CAt the national level, the Philippines it needs to improve on its institutional improved its level of competitiveness performance, infrastructure, ICT by ranking 56th in the 2018 Global adoption, and innovation. Inefficient Competitiveness Index (GCI), a 12 place government bureaucracy ranks first in rise from the 2017 rankings which applied the most problematic factors reported in the same methodology. Among the nine GCI followed by lack of infrastructure, ASEAN member states, the Philippines corruption, and tax regulations complexity. ranked fifth. While the country fared well

Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field | 213 Findings of a World Bank Report1 in overly-restricted regulations that discourage November 2018 show inequitable and market entrants and tolerate existing firms non-mandatory application of policies and to enjoy market power. Data supports that there are more monopoly, duopoly, and 1 Miralles Murciego, et. al. 2018. Fostering Competition in the Philippines: The Challenge of oligopoly in the Philippines than other Restrictive Regulations (English). Washington, D.C. : countries in South East Asia. World Bank Group.

Figure 16.1. Decomposition of Philippines Product Market Regulations Score for the Philippines

In 2018, Republic Act No. 11032, an act the economic activity and productivity of promoting Ease of Doing Business and an LGU. efficient delivery of government services, was approved in support to the Anti- DTI annually awards the most competitive Red Tape Act of 2007. The act required local government units who participate in government agencies and LGUs to the CMCI survey. CALABARZON LGUs reengineer their process to streamline and have been included in top rankings since reduce processing time of all government the start of the CMCI survey. transactions. This include automation of In 2018 and 2019, all 142 LGUs of procedures such as the Business Permit CALABARZON participated in the CMCI Licensing System (BPLS) which can now be Survey. During the 2019 awarding, the transacted online. The percentage of LGUs Region received 33 percent of the awards, in the Region which are BPLS compliant higher than the 32 percent of the awards increased from 63 percent in 2016 to 67 received in 2016 and 16 percent of the percent in 2017. awards received in 2018. The province The CMCI is continuously implemented of Rizal maintained its position as the by DTI to rank the competitiveness of most competitive province in the country cities, municipalities and provinces based followed by Laguna and Cavite, respectively. on their economic dynamism, government Antipolo City was the overall most efficiency, infrastructure facilities, and competitive component city while Cainta, resiliency. These indicators are based Rizal topped among the 1st and 2nd level on global competitiveness standards to class municipalities category. Fifty-nine improve national competitiveness when percent of LGUs increased in ranking in the indicators are adapted at the local level. 2019 which is more than half of the 26 The economic dynamism pillar reflects percent increase in 2018.

214 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 The institutionalization of the Provincial Another example is the grueling Competitiveness Councils that replicates transportation of quarry materials from functions of the Regional Competitiveness Quezon or Rizal that results to high price Council and administers filling out of of quarry finished product. Stronger the CMCI survey contributed to the government regulatory presence in these increase of awards received by the LGUs areas and improved infrastructure are in CALABARZON. While the results of needed to stabilize the price and allow the the 2019 CMCI were remarkable, there is entrance of new market players. still a need to sustain the ranking through the provision of technical assistance of Market players in the PCC and RCC and to conduct an in-depth analysis to identify the gaps or areas where regional economy improvement and assistance to LGUs As of December 2018, CALABARZON are needed. has 55 operating economic zones, 35 of Geographically isolated areas experience which are manufacturing special economic more challenges in market competition zones. A total of 2,019 locators operate in since natural barriers limits the number these ecozones. of market players. This results to high At the national level, the PCC has product prices, poor service, or creation prepared issues papers to better of artificial markets. In 2018, the prices of understand competition issues across basic commodities increased for the whole industries including manufacturing, rice, country due to supply-side difficulties. pharmaceuticals, air and public land Inflation reached 4.8 percent in the Region transport, and poultry and livestock. By while inflation in the provinces of Quezon studying the structure and performance of and Batangas reach as high as 5.9 and these industries, these papers will enable 4.9 percent. Market monopoly, bipoly, PCC to scan for possible anti-competitive and oligolopy of basic commodities and practices and guide the crafting of pro- difficulty in accessing remote areas in these competitive laws and regulations. provinces could have contributed to the increase in prices. Action Plan Strategic Framework market competition will bring about improvements in market efficiency and The Region will support the PCC in the consumer welfare. implementation of the NCP. Healthy Figure 16.2 Strategic Framework to Level the Playing Field

Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field | 215 Strategies Review and amend potentially anticompetitive local legislations and policies For the remaining plan period, Regional that may substantially prevent, restrict, or strategies will focus on improving the lessen competition competitiveness of LGUs to provide a conducive environment for healthy market According to a World Bank Report in 2018, competition characterized by a diverse and developing and implementing an effective vibrant local economy, stability in prices, competition policy framework in the and quality goods and services. Philippines will be critical to unleash the country’s growth potential. Removing these Simplify and streamline government restrictions will add at least 0.2 percent to requirements and processes pursuant to the economic growth every year. RA 11032 or Ease of Doing Business Act RA 7160 or the Local Government Code The EODB and Efficient Government empowers local authorities to enact Service Delivery Act of 2018 seeks to laws. Some LGUs have passed local expedite government transactions by ordinances to protect their local business cutting the red tape in government agencies. establishments that tend to discourage new It is expected that this Act will improve the market entrants or even prevent business competitiveness of the country. In line with expansion of existing firms. The local this, all LGUs are called to comply with the development and legislative councils were Business One-Stop Shop (BOSS) which is capacitated to identify policies that might the business permit licensing system that discourage competition at the local level will process business permits and license, and are expected to amend or issue local among others. policies that will encourage setting up of more businesses. Strengthen the Regional and Provincial Competiveness Councils to improve There is a need to review RA 7916 also CMCI rankings known as The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995 to encourage market competition Regional competitiveness will be pursued in export-oriented industries, rationalize to ensure that the right conditions for a tax incentives to locators, increase working competitive market are provided. competitiveness of local firms, and better These will be done through: a) allocation integrate MSMEs into big and global of budget for CMCI implementation and value chains. monitoring; b) conduct of in-depth analysis to identify CMCI gaps or areas where LGUs Intensify advocacy activities on are lagging or fare poorly; c) strengthen the competition law, policies, and concepts to Regional and Provincial Competiveness develop a pro-competition culture Councils to be able to provide coordinated assistance to LGUs on areas where Critical to the success in the implementation interventions are needed based on of the Philippine Competition Act (PCA) performance studies/analysis; d) continuous is to build a culture of competition among CMCI orientations and trainings; e) improve government, private or business sector, data collection and monitoring systems of civil society, and the public which can CMCI forms; and f) maintain the CMCI help deter anti-competitive behaviour and CALABARZON website. practices. The conduct of fora, seminars, and dialogues need to be continued to be able to substantially increase the level

216 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 of awareness and understanding on Adopt convergence approach to address competition law, policies and concepts of natural barriers to competition more stakeholders especially at the local level. More importantly, the different Convergence approach will be pursued roles of stakeholders in implementing the to address the development constraints, PCA need to be highlighted during these especially among GIDAs. Infrastructure advocacy activities. support, especially on ICT, transportation, among others, will be prioritized in Promote consumer welfare the GIDAs.

More market players can raise the quality of products and services, reduce prices, and broaden consumer choice; thereby promoting consumer welfare. Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA DESCRIPTION Retail Trade Liberalization Act Relaxing the rules for foreign investors will contribute to a more competitive local players, more employment opportunities, wider variety of quality products, and high inflow of new technology. Public Service Act Amending the law to provide a clear statutory definition of “public utility” will encourage foreign investments, increase market competition, and promote consumer welfare. Foreign Investments Act Removing restrictions on professionals will attract more skilled foreign professionals who can help Filipinos gain more knowledge and skills; thus, enhancing their competitiveness in both domestic and international labor markets. The reduction in the number of mandatory direct local hires in foreign-owned SMEs will help increase foreign direct investments.

Chapter 16 Leveling the Playing Field | 217 218 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 219 220 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace | 221 222 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace

This chapter discusses the peace situation in CALABARZON in the first half of plan implementation and the strategies and interventions of the government that promote peace and address root causes of conflicts. In general, the peace situation in the Region remains stable due to intensified efforts of the military and other government agencies to reduce the capability of militant groups, community engagement to reduce armed conflicts, reintegration program for former rebels, and various development interventions to remote and conflict affected or vulnerable areas. The following main strategies will be pursued to ensure just and lasting peace: settlement of all internal armed-conflicts through localized peace talks; strengthen convergence efforts within government and between the public and private sector; develop infrastructures to improve accessibility of conflict- affected areas; and implement conflict-sensitive and peace promoting catch-up socioeconomic development for communities in conflict-affected and conflict- vulnerable areas.

Assessment and Challenges

The Communist Party of the Philippines Rizal and Quezon. Firearms also declined - New People’s Army Terrorists (CNTs) from 202 to 163, equivalent to 19 percent operating in CALABARZON belongs decrease. The slight increase in STRPC to the Southern Tagalog Regional Party manpower from 125 in 2017 to 158 in Committee (STRPC) which affects a total 2018 may be attributed to the changes in of 19 barangays in the Region. As of the campaign priority of the Armed Forces of first quarter of 2019, STRPC is estimated to the Philippines (AFP). This was the same have 138 fighters maintaining 163 firearms. period that the AFP focused its effort in Among their violent activities recorded in fighting militant groups in Marawi City, the first semester of 2019 were two cases of Lanao del Sur. Overall, the decrease in arson in two private construction companies STRPC capabilities may be attributed in Quezon Province. to enhanced community engagement in conflict affected and vulnerable barangays Figure 17.1 shows the trend of STRPC and better delivery of government services capabilities in CALABARZON in terms of and livelihood opportunities. firearms, manpower and number of affected barangays from 2017 to first quarter of In April 2018, the government launched 2019. The number of affected barangays has the Enhanced Comprehensive Local continuously decreased from 38 in 2017 Integration Program (E-CLIP) that seeks to 19 in the first quarter of 2019 which are to harmonize all government programs for found in the provinces of Cavite, Batangas, the reintegration of former rebels in society.

Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace | 223 The E-CLIP provides flexible programs of Mulanay, Quezon amounting to PHP based on the profile of its beneficiaries. 141,935,000.001; b) implementation of ten Its major components are the CLIP being FY 2018 PAMANA-DSWD Sustainable administered by the DILG which provides Livelihood Program (SLP) in selected financial assistance to former rebels; the Municipalities of Quezon amounting to a Payapa at Masaganang Pamayanan or total of PHP3,000,000.002; and c) enrolment PAMANA Program being administered of 70 former combatants and/or their next- by the Office of the Presidential Adviser of-kin under the FY 2019 PAMANA-PHIC on the Peace Process; and the various Health Insurance Program. These programs programs of the government for education, contributed to the significant increase in the livelihood and skills training. PAMANA number of CTG surrenderers in the Region is a convergence program that extends from six in 2017 to 90 surrenderers as of development interventions to isolated, August 2019. hard-to-reach and conflict-affected communities. The program’s interventions 1 89.88% physically completed as reported by the in the Region include the following: DPWH Quezon III DEO during the 11th Regular a) construction of the fourth phase of the OPAPP-DPWH Coordination Meeting held last 12 FY 2018 PAMANA-DPWH Concreting of December 2019 in Quezon City. 2 Ongoing as reported by the DSWD SLP during the Bagupaye-Anonang-Magsaysay Farm-to- PAMANA Inter-Agency Meeting held last 13 December Market Road Project in the Municipality 2019 in Quezon City Figure 17.1 Trend of STRPC Power Factors in CALABARZON

Source: AFP

The Whole-of-Nation approach addresses (RTF-ELCAC) on February 26, 2019. As of root causes of insurgency by harmonizing May 14, 2020, local Task Forces have been the delivery of basic services and ensuring created in all 5 provinces, 18 cities and active participation of all sectors of society. 117 municipalities, and 3,806 barangays. This was institutionalized by the Executive Declarations of persona-non-grata against Order No. 70 s. 2018 (EO 70) signed on the Communist Party of the Philippines December 4, 2018 which also created the (CPP) and the New People’s Army (NPA) National Task Force to End Local Communist were also issued by all five provinces, 17 Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC). In support cities and 97 municipalities and 3,062 to the EO 70, the CALABARZON RDC and barangays. Among the issues cited by some Regional Peace and Order Council (RPOC) LGUs in the implementation of EO 70 are signed the creation of Regional Task Force lack of guidelines or legal basis on declaring to End Local Communist Armed Conflict CPP-NPA as persona-non-grata.

224 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 In September 2019, the NTF-ELCAC community work and providing security issued Joint Memorandum Circular No. assistance to other government agencies as 01 series of 2019 which provides the part of their COVID-19 response activities. guidelines on the operationalization of EO On March 28, an armed encounter 70 through the creation of Regional/Local happened in Rodriguez, Rizal leaving two Task Forces-ELCAC towards inclusive dead, one from the government troops and sustainable peace and development. the other from the CTG. Similarly, on April There are 12 clusters identified for the 2, 2020, a clash with CTGs in Mulanay, NTF and RTF which will facilitate the Quezon ensued as government troops convergence of efforts of different agencies responded to an information that around 20 and local governments. The circular also NPA members were extorting money from streamlined the identification of peace residents in the area. and development programs, projects, and activities in existing development In order to counter the peace efforts of the planning, investment programming, and government, the CNTs have established monitoring mechanisms. strategies to espouse anti-government propaganda strategies and exploit issues Cooperation and volunteerism were evident to discredit the government. Among the in peace and development activities in the common issues in the Region exploited Region. The private sector participated in by CNTs are contractualization, company community outreach activities in conflict- retrenchment or closures, relocation of affected areas through provision of goods informal settler families, genuine agrarian and services. The government also continued reform program, issues on social welfare to engage and encourage community programs and projects, and contested participation in its peace-building efforts government projects. The construction through programs such as the Retooled of infrastructure projects in the Region is Community Support Program of the DILG being exploited and hindered by the CNTs and the Community Mobilization Program as part of their propaganda to gain support of the PNP. from the people.

Other challenges encountered by the Region The sustained support from the members in the implementation of EO 70 was the poor of CALABARZON RTF-ELCAC for its coordination among concerned agencies activities and the institutionalization of local resulting to delay in delivery of services. For task forces will be important in addressing instance, there is still no assigned agency to the non-military component of insurgency monitor former rebels’ activities after the in the Region through the delivery of reintegration process. The government’s basic services and resolve the issues being focus in addressing the emergency health exploited by the CNTs. crisis brought by COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 may also affect the implementation of planned programs and projects for peace development as resources are re-allocated to respond to the pandemic.

Despite the declaration of unilateral ceasefire of both the government and the CTGs during the COVID-19 situation, there were still reports of armed encounters between both parties. Clashes happened as government troops were conducting

Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace | 225 Action Plan Strategic Framework with all internal armed conflict groups successfully negotiated and implemented; The RDP 2017-2022 aims to attain just and and 2) protect and develop communities lasting peace. Two subsector outcomes in conflict-affected and conflict- were identified: 1) peace agreements vulnerable communities.

Figure17.2 Strategic Framework to Attain Just and Lasting Peace

Targets

Table 17.1 Plan Targets to Attain Just and Lasting Peace BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2018 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Number of barangays affected by internal armed 21 AFP/PNP/ conflict decreased. LGU Reduced CPP-NPA manpower through surrender 90 AFP

Number of surrendered firearms increased 38 31 33 35 AFP, PNP, LGU, OPAPP Net enrolment rate in primary education increased 94.87 (2017) 99.38% 99.70% 100.00% DepEd, (in conflict-affected areas) OPAPP Net enrolment rate in secondary education 81.14 (2017) 95.90% 97.95% 100.00% DepEd, increased (in conflict-affected areas) OPAPP Number of PAMANA projects implemented in 24 OPAPP conflict affected barangays

226 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Strategies being exploited by rebel groups and also to effectively address root causes of conflict. To support these outcomes, the following priority strategies will be implemented: Strengthen convergence efforts within government and between the public and Peace agreements with all internal armed private sector. In line with the Whole of conflict groups successfully negotiated Nation approach, convergence efforts and implemented through the implementation of EO 70 up to local level shall be prioritized. The delivery Effectively implement the National and of basic services will be enhanced through Local Plans to End Local Communist Armed well targeted and sustainable assistance and Conflict 2019-2022 that will operationalize by involving all stakeholders from public, the whole-of-nation approach to address private sectors, civil society organizations local communist and other armed conflicts. and other volunteer groups. Local The government has shifted its approach government units and communities shall be in addressing the communist insurgency, empowered and engaged through programs from a national government-led peace such as the Retooled Community Support negotiation to localized peace engagements, Program of the DILG and Community with LGUs playing a major role. Mobilization Program of the Philippine National Police, among others. Effectively undertake localized peace engagements. The NTF-ELCAC mechanism In order to address some of the issues in will be utilized to end local communist the implementation of EO 70 such as the armed conflict through a whole-of-nation delay of delivery of services to former rebels, approach including conduct of community the RTF shall follow-up on deliverables problem-solving sessions and local peace of concerned agencies, regularly provide dialogues with local insurgent groups. In update on status during RTF-ELCAC particular, capacity enhancement for local meetings, and assign an agency to chief executives on the conduct of local monitor post-reintegration activities of peace engagements will be pursued to former rebels. ensure that these are undertaken based on mutual confidence and trust, and that the Completion of the Comprehensive Agrarian desired outcomes of the local peace process Reform Program (CARP). Since land issues are achieved. is one of the most exploited issues, the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Communities in conflict-affected and has to be fully completed in order to put an conflict-vulnerable areas protected end to land ownership conflicts. Capacity and developed building and other support mechanism to ensure productivity of farmer beneficiaries As part of convergent peace and shall also be pursued. development efforts embodied in EO 70, the government aims to provide more Develop infrastructures to improve effective and faster delivery of social accessibility of conflict-affected areas. services and prevent geographically- Insufficient or lack of farm-to-market isolated and disadvantaged areas and road is identified as one of the causes of marginalized sectors from being vulnerable insurgency as difficulty in transporting to conflict and radicalization. The Region agricultural products can reduce income will support convergence efforts to address levels. Construction of farm-to-market root causes of insecurity to avoid issues roads, bridges, and infrastructures

Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace | 227 connecting rural/remote areas to urban/ help prevent conflict, resolve conflicts market centers will be pursued to enhance peacefully, and create conducive conditions economic activity. The establishment to peace. of other critical infrastructure and facilities such as water supply, power, and Increase the volume of security forces. In communications in conflict-affected and/ order to sustain the government’s gains or rural areas also need to be prioritized in against CNTs in conflict-affected areas support to the local economy. there is a need to augment and strengthen the Region’s security forces. The AFP Implement conflict-sensitive and peace will pursue measures to increase quota promoting (CSPP) catch-up socioeconomic allocation of Citizen Armed Force development for communities in conflict- Geographical Unit or CAFGU Active affected and conflict-vulnerable areas. Auxiliary (CAA) to be deployed in the The PAMANA program will continue to northern part of Quezon. focus on the implementation of peace- promoting and catch-up socioeconomic Compliance to labor laws. To promote development under the Six-Point Peace industrial peace, the government will and Development Agenda. It involves continuously ensure that all businesses strengthening of convergence and comply with labor laws. Labor disputes will complementation with other local and be dealt properly and with urgency. national government initiatives, including the implementation of the Re-tooled Community Support Program (RCSP), a convergence mechanism formulated to strengthen government initiatives through implementation of LGU-driven programs and projects. As such, close coordination with identified local government units and the AFP will be undertaken especially in far-flung communities and areas with security risks.

Mainstreaming of CSPP approaches in plans and programs of LGUs will be pursued to make sure that a peace lens is adopted in all programs and projects for these areas. Among these is the issuance of a policy instrument which will facilitate the mainstreaming of CSPP approaches in the CDPs of LGUs. The mainstreaming of CSPP approaches in processes of local planning will also highlight the important role of LGUs and local special bodies in conflict prevention and peacebuilding.

Mainstreaming of peace education. Peace education in schools and communities will continuously be pursued to develop pro- peace knowledge and attitudes that will

228 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Major Programs and Projects • Adopt-a-Municipality Mechanism • Enhanced Comprehensive Local • Advocacy for peace agreements and Integration Program peaceful settlements with all internal • Incentives and awards to promote armed conflict groups compliance among establishments • Anti-Cybercrime Prevention Act • Intelligence activites • Build Build Build Program • Labor Laws Compliance System • Capacity Development for LGUs on • Local Peace Dialogues Local Peace Engagements • Massive information drive on peace • Community Mobilization Program and land issues in remote areas of • Community Problem-solving Sessions Tagkawayan, Quezon • Community Support Program • PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program • CARP • Payapa at Masaganang Pamayanan • Construction of access roads and farm- • Purchase of Personal to-market roads in geographically Protective Equipment isolated and disadvantaged areas • Regional Development Council • Convergence programs for poverty Outreach Activities alleviation such as the implementation • Regional Task Force to End Local of the poverty convergence plan for Communist Armed Conflict identified poverty convergence areas • Re-tooled Community Support Program Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA DESCRIPTION Guidelines and procedures in declaring of CPP- This will help safeguard the LGUs from the presence and influence of CTGs NPA as persona-non-grata in the communities.

Chapter 17 Attaining Just and Lasting Peace | 229 230 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 231 232 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety

This chapter assesses the security, public order and safety situation in the Region. It provides strategies and interventions to ensure a conducive environment for Regional and national development.

For the remaining plan period, the following priority strategies will be pursued to attain a high level of security, public order and safety: adopt whole-of-nation approach; take tough stance against criminality; strengthen collaboration among law enforcement agencies; maximize use of technology to curb crime and support law enforcement; full implementation of the Barangay Drug Clearing Program; reorient and sustain implementation of non-traditional systems for responding to crime and emergencies; and strengthen community based reformation programs and centers for drug offenders.

Assessment and Challenges Reducing criminality persons and property such as murder, homicide, physical injury, rape, robbery, For the past three years, there was a notable theft, carnapping motor vehicles and motor decrease of crimes in the Region as a result cycles, and cattle rustling. Consequently, of intensified anti-criminality operations index crime rate decreased to 4.73 percent of various government security agencies. exceeding its target of 6.84 percent. Index crime volume went down to 8,473 This means that the volume of index in 2018 from 12,969 in 2016, a 35 percent crimes relative to the population of the decrease. Index crimes are crimes against Region decreased. Figure 18.1 Comparative Index Crime Volume, CALABARZON, 2016-2019

Source: PNP

Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 233 Among the index crimes in 2018, theft is due to the continuous growth of the and physical injury had the highest Region’s population and the annual quota percentage with 27 percent and 23 percent, on the number of additional police for the respectively. This was followed by robbery PNP Region IV-A. The annual quota varies with 14 percent, rape (13 percent), murder every year as determined by the National (12 percent), carnapping (9 percent), and Police Commission based on police to homicide (2 percent). population ratio, peace and order condition, and actual demands of the functional area. The reduction of crimes was achieved For 2019, PNP Region IV-A was allocated despite the lower number of police relative a total of 295 new recruits or 3.7 percent to the population. Police-to-population from the 7,895 annual recruitment quota of ratio decreased from 1:1,171 in 2017 to the PNP. 1:1,435 in 2018. The lower ratio of police

Figure 18.2 Index Crime Distribution, CALABARZON, 2018

Source: AFP

The crime solution efficiency increased in 2018. A crime is considered cleared from 54.49 percent in 2016 to 78.66 percent when at least one of the offenders has been in 2018, a 24.17 percent increase. Crime identified and have been charged before the solution efficiency is the percentage of prosecutor’s office or court. solved cases out of the total number of crime incidents for a given period. A case Overall, the reduction of crimes can be is considered solved when the offender attributed to the rigorous anti-illegal drugs has been identified, charged before the campaign and use of current technologies prosecutor’s office or court and has been such as closed-circuit television or taken into custody, or in circumstances CCTV, social media investigation and beyond police control, offender cannot be technologies on forensic science. Bureau arrested such as when the victim refuses to of Jail Management and Penology Region prosecute the offender. IV-A reported that as of September 30, 2019, 77.34 percent of persons deprived The crime clearance efficiency increased with liberty in CALABARZON are involved from 70.23 percent in 2016 to 89.30 percent in drug related cases. Among other

234 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 18.3 Comparative Crime Clearance and Crime Solution Efficiency, CALABARZON, 2016-2018

Source: PNP interventions that helped reduce crimes in the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency the Region are police-community programs (PDEA) reported a total of 1,503 barangays like the OPLAN “Katok” that checks on still affected by illegal drugs from 2,025 loose and expired firearms, Community barangays in 2016. The presence of illegal Mobilization Program involving the drug trade in the Region is due to the clustering of households that serve as first proximity of CALABARZON to NCR responders on crimes and other public and connectivity through its ports and safety concerns, increased police presence highways. Shabu and Marijuana are still in populated areas, conduct of check the primary and secondary drugs of choice points and aggressive campaign against in the Region, respectively. A series of wanted persons, guns-for-hire and private recoveries in Quezon and Bicol shorelines armed groups. revealed the presence of cocaine in the Region. The Region will continue to pursue collaboration with communities and other In 2018, a total of 11,327 anti-illegal drug stakeholders in its fight against all forms of operations were conducted by government crimes to promote security, public order security agencies which resulted in the arrest and safety. These include participation of 18,086 persons, filing of 7, 135 cases in of communities through the Community court and confiscation of 18,623.51 grams Mobilization Program and similar of shabu and 18,528.95 grams of marijuana initiatives which will put in place a strong amounting to PHP 80,713,665.63. and sustainable community defense system against lawlessness and criminality. In support to the current administration’s campaign against illegal drugs, government Drugs infiltration agencies and other private sector organizations in the Region formulated the There was a decrease in the number Yakap Bayan: Community Mobilization and of barangays affected by illegal drugs Support Program Action (YB:CMSP) Plan in Region with the implementation of in January 2018. The plan contains strategies the Barangay Drug Clearing Program, and interventions to address issues on peace intensified anti-illegal drugs operations and security, particularly the problem on and anti-drug campaign. As of July 2019, illegal drugs. It was later strengthened in

Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 235 March 2018 through a Memorandum of were assigned to man key checkpoints to Agreement among key security agencies ensure the restricted movement of people and other development partners. The MOA and non-essential activities. Communities ensures alignment of programs, projects and private individuals also volunteered to and activities to the YB:CMSP Plan. Since man local checkpoints within barangays. 2018, several convergence activities have been conducted, including five outreach Some of the issues confronted from these activities in convergence areas in the disasters are the lack of coordination among provinces of Batangas, Laguna, and Quezon. concerned agencies and local government Convergence areas are priority areas in the units, inconsistency of reports on number Region for development interventions. of affected individuals and families, The latter aims to provide coordinated lack of protective equipment specially assistance for inclusive growth & for frontliners, and lack of awareness of sustainable development. stakeholders on lockdown, quarantine, and disaster response procedures. Several Public safety security issues were also encountered such as poor compliance of some individuals to In 2020, public order and safety was affected lockdown or quarantine regulations, civil by two emergencies. On January 12, 2020, disturbance, and even violence or crime Taal volcano spewed ashes that reached as towards frontliners. far as Central Luzon Region in the north Apart from natural disasters, individuals and MIMAROPA Region in the south, and families are also at risks because resulting to the immediate evacuation of of internal conflicts, particularly those people in high risk areas and cancellation of living in GIDAs of the Region. There classes and work. The eruption affected 12 were 19 conflict-affected barangays with municipalities and 3 cities in the provinces rebel groups which suffered from low of Batangas and Cavite. It adversely affected economic development due to peace and about 110,000 families and damaged houses, order issues. Moreover, it was observed public buildings, establishments and roads. that conflict prone areas also have high Lockdowns were implemented by affected poverty incidence. LGUs in Batangas to prevent evacuated families from returning to their homes Overseas Filipinos’ because of the threat from the Taal Volcano. security However, there were reports of looting in locked down areas and enforcers had OFs and their families are also exposed difficulty securing the area due to the risk to economic risks due to the culture, brought by the possible volcanic eruption. structural changes and economic crises in foreign countries where they are The monitoring of COVID-19 cases started working. The government continues in CALABARZON on March 13, 2020. to support OFs abroad through the As of April 8, 2020, CALABARZON had provision of legal and social assistance. 223 confirmed cases, 25 deaths, and 9 The number of Filipino migrants who recoveries. On March 16, 2020 President availed government’s reintegration services Rodrigo Duterte declared an ECQ in the decreased from 436 in 2016 to 348 in 2018. entire Luzon effective from March 17 to Different government programs such as April 13, 2020 and was later on extended the Livelihood Development Assistance to April 30, 2020 due to the sharp increase Program, Balik Pinay! Balik Hanapbuhay!, in the number of COVID-19 positive cases. and Financial Awareness Seminars are part Policemen and some military personnel

236 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 of the reintegration services afforded to strategic areas/ countries, some of which OF returnees. were approved in the 2019 budget.

The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) On promoting human rights in the Region, prioritized the provision of Assistance-to- the number of assisted and investigated Nationals (ATN) services, which covers cases related to women and children’s rights legal, medical, psychological and welfare significantly increased from 426 in 2017 to assistance, and the repatriation for OFs. 972 in 2019. The majority of docketed cases However, it missed its target in number were women related cases (867) followed of territories mapped under the ATN by children (91), persons with disability Mapping Program which aims to monitor (11), lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and/or the socioeconomic and political conditions intersex (2), and indigenous people (1). Out of OFs. of the 867 docketed women related cases in, 272 were gender-related or gender-based The DFA is also pushing for the violence (See Chapter 6). establishment of Foreign Service Posts in Action Plan

Strategic Framework sovereignty of the country; 2) reduce all forms of criminality; 3) ensure public safety; In order to attain national security, public and 4) protect the welfare and well-being of order, and safety, four intermediate all Filipinos overseas. At the Regional level, outcomes will have to be realized: 1) uphold strategies will be focused on attaining the and protect the territorial integrity and second to fourth outcomes.

Figure18.4 Strategic Framework to Ensure Regional Security, Public Order and Safety

Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 237 Targets Table18.1 Plan Targets to Ensure Regional Safety, Public Order and Safety BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS 2018 AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Index crime volume reduced 8,473 10,563 10,035 9,533 DILG, PNP Number of homicide 184 187 177 168 DILG, PNP victims reduced Number of murder cases reduced 1,000 1,244 1,182 1,112 DILG, PNP Crime solution efficiency 78.66 81 86 91% DILG, PNP rate improved Crime clearance efficiency 91.45 90.39 98.53 100 DILG, PNP rate improved Average monthly index crime 4.73 5.85 5.33 4.79 DILG, PNP rate reduced Average monthly non-index crime 21.96 16.03 14.59 13.13 DILG, PNP rate reduced Index crime solution 51.78 51.90 56.57 62.23 DILG, PNP efficiency improved Non-index crime solution 84.45 58.38 63.63 70 DILG, PNP efficiency improved Number of cleared drug affected 664 715 PNP, PDEA barangays increased Number of law enforcers recruited 593 1000 1000 1000 DILG, PNP and trained increased Police to Citizen ratio increased 1:1,435 1:887 '1:835 '1:788 DILG, PNP Ratio of Firefighter to Population 1:7,507 1:7,527 1:7,388 1:7,248 BFP Ratio of Fire truck to firefighter 1:6 1:7 1:7 1:8 BFP Fire safety inspector- 450:1 418:1 406:1 398:1 BFP establishments ratio Number of deaths due to fire 33 42 42 42 BFP incidents decreased Loss and damages due to natural OCD disasters (Chapter 20) Loss and damages due to OCD human-induced disasters (Chapter 20)

Strategies All forms of criminality and illegal drugs reduced The following priority strategies will be implemented: Adopt the Whole-of-Nation approach. In support to the Whole-of-Nation approach Territorial integrity and sovereignty institutionalized through Executive Order upheld and protected No. 70, the Region will strengthen its partnerships with all sectors including Support the national government in protecting communities and other security forces territorial integrity and sovereignty. The for a more convergent approach against Region will be supportive of government criminality. Communities at the barangay efforts to protect territorial integrity and level will be encouraged to participate sovereignty, especially in addressing the through various community interventions. issue on the West Philippine Sea. Collaboration will also be applied in

238 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 rehabilitating and integrating offenders crimes and emergencies, e.g. emergency back to society to ensure a holistic and hotline (911) in all barangays, are participative approach towards sustaining encouraged to be funded. Programs and public order and safety. Among the projects that promote community based government programs that support this interventions in addressing crimes and strategy and promotes volunteerism emergencies shall also be supported such as in communities are the Department of the Ugnayan ng Barangay At Simbahan or the Interior and Local Government’s UBAS, a strategic partnership of barangays, Mamamayan Ayaw Sa Anomalya- church and other faith-based organizations, Mamamayan Ayaw Sa Illegal na Droga and the Department of the Interior and (MASA-MASID) program and PNP’s Local Government for good governance Community Mobilization Program (CMP). and for the common good. MASA-MASID and CMP are government’s platform for stronger collaboration Strengthen community based reformation between the LGU, community, and national programs and centers for drug offenders. government to fight criminality, corruption, In January 2018, the regulation which laid and illegal drugs. the groundwork for “Balay Silangan” was approved through DDB Board Regulation Take tough stance against criminality. The No. 2 series of 2018. The program offers PNP will continue to intensify its campaign temporary refuge for drug offenders with the against eight focus crimes such as murder, objective of reforming drug offenders into homicide, theft, robbery, carnapping of self-sufficient and law-abiding members two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles, of society. This serves as an alternative physical injuries and rape side by side with intervention for drug personalities who are the war on illegal drugs and will pursue its not eligible to be admitted in treatment and internal cleansing programs, ridding its rehabilitation facilities supervised by the ranks of corrupt, misfits and ‘scalawags’ Department of Health. In CALABARZON, in uniform. Santa Rosa City and Lipa City have already established reformation centers. Full implementation of the Barangay The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Drug Clearing Program. The program Region IV-A is currently working closely was designed to provide a more effective with LGUs to adopt the reformation and efficient measure towards preventing program and replicate it in their localities. and eradicating illegal drugs through the assistance of local government units in Strengthen collaboration among law drug-clearing operations. It involves the enforcement agencies (LEAs). Despite the creation of Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse active campaign against crime, there is still Councils (BADACs) in all barangays. a need for more collaboration among LEAs To make BADACs fully functional, the for the success and sustainability of peace Department of the Interior and Local and development initiatives. There should Government, Dangerous Drugs Board and be a close coordination and intelligence PDEA -will reorient and re-tool BADAC sharing of all LEAs. officers and conduct regular monitoring of BADAC activities. Strengthen collaboration and coordination among stakeholders. In order to provide Sustain the implementation of non- prompt action during disasters and address traditional systems for responding to crime miscommunication and inconsistency of and emergencies. The establishment of data or policies being released to the public, hotlines for fast and effective response to existing coordination and collaboration

Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 239 protocols need to be improved. Despite the to ensure public safety. Disaster Risk active campaign against crime, there is still Reduction Management, crime awareness, a need for stronger collaboration among and preventive drug education must be LGUs, government agencies including taught in schools. Moreover, the family as LEAs for the success and sustainability of a basic unit of the community should take peace and development initiatives. There an active role in building the moral values should be a close coordination and sharing of the youth. of information among stakeholders. Increase adaptive capacities and resilience Increase police presence. The large and of population and ecosystems (See Chapter growing population in Region IV-A 11 and 20). The Region will strengthen necessitates the need to increase the implementation of DRRM-CCAM, number of police in the Region. The current improving the timely and adequate response police-to-population ratio in the Region is to disasters and increase resiliency of far from the standard of 1:500. Thus, there is the population. a need to intensify the hiring of policemen, review and increase the quota for additional Ensure order, security and adopt safety police force, and increase the budget for measures during disaster response. Security personnel services. risks brought by disasters need to be addressed immediately to maintain public Maximize use of technology to curb crime and order; hence, the Region will plan and promote public safety. The Region recognizes integrate security measures in DRRM the role of technology in addressing crimes and other emergency situations. Security and ensuring public safety such as the protocols will be implemented to prevent use of closed-circuit television or CCTV crimes such as looting and keep individuals in improving law enforcement and the safe and away from danger areas. Safety use of drones to improve the fire-fighting issues during disaster response such as efficiency of the Bureau of Fire Protection. evacuation of individuals will also be Implementation of laws, passage of bills and addressed especially the safety of vulnerable other interventions that promote technology groups including the elderly and persons and crime prevention shall be supported with disability. such as the Philippine ID System Law and SIM Card Registration Bill and Emergency Maintaining public order during Hotline (911) in all barangays. Cybersecurity emergencies such as pandemics will entail measures shall be strengthened and closely the following actions: a) regular, clear monitored through upgrading and regular and strong coordination among levels of security checks of government and other government and between policy-makers critical websites (e.g. banks/financing and implementers such as uniformed institutions). Meanwhile, cybercrime shall personnel on the implementation of also be addressed through information protocols and guidelines; b) effective campaigns to the public on protection of risk communication to households and personal information and accounts. individuals on uniform protocols, i.e. quarantine or lockdown regulations; c) Public safety ensured heightened community surveillance on reports of misbehaviour, crime or violence, Ensure public safety through education and with the assistance of local government information campaign. Crime prevention units; d) ensure maintenance of law and and fire safety through education and order in affected areas; e) establishment information campaign will be sought of checkpoints to implement lockdowns

240 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 or community quarantines; f) provision of Maximize use of technology to promote public logistical support such as quarantine buses/ safety. Technologies such as drones for shuttle to ensure delivery of healthcare improving the fire-fighting efficiency of the and public services; and g) ensure Bureau of Fire Protection shall be utilized. protection of frontline health workers and Online videoconferencing tools shall also security personnel. be used during lockdowns or quarantine period to ensure continouous delivery of Integration of Human rights in law public services and maintain public order enforcement. Recognizing the value of and safety. Early warning systems and other human rights; the Region will integrate warning equipment that could reach remote human rights into law enforcement by disaster-prone areas, and communication sustaining human rights officer in law tools such as mobile texting and social enforcement agencies. Investigation and media shall be utilized. resolution of human rights violation cases will also be expedited and partnerships Security and safety of OFs ensured with state and non-state duty bearers will be forged to help address human The strategies to ensure the security and rights violations. safety of OFs are cross-referenced in Chapter 21, Ensuring Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration. Major Programs and Projects • Arrest of High Value Targets • IEC through social media • Assistance-to-Nationals • Legal assistance to victims of crimes • Balay Silangan e.g. discrimination • Balik Pinay! Balik Hanapbuhay! • Livelihood Development • Barangay/City/ Municipality/Provincial Assistance Program Anti-Drug Abuse Council • Oplan Harabas. Surprise drug testing for • Barangay Drug Clearing Program public utility vehicles • BantayTurista • Oplan Sagip Batang Solvent • Community Mobilization Program • Police Integrated Patrol System • Drug Free Workplace Program • Project Double Barrel Alpha • Executive Order No. 70 • Purchase of PPEs Umbrella Program • Regulation of websites or applications • Establishment of Emergency that promote crimes through the Operations Center Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 or • Establishment of Emergency Hotlines Republic Act No. 10175 • Financial Awareness Seminars • Ugnayan ng Barangay at mgaSimbahan • Fire Safety and Awareness Campaign • Values formation for the youth • High Impact Operations to arrest • Yakap Bayan: Community Mobilization drug groups and Support Program • High resolution closed-circuit television cameras in barangays and in all business establishments

Chapter 18 Ensuring Security, Public Order, and Safety | 241 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA DESCRIPTION Legislations in support to emerging issues in cyber Legislations need to keep up with the fast development of technology and security technology, hence, new laws are needed to address emerging issues brought by new technologies. Establishment of a Department of Disaster Resilience This will strengthen resilience against disasters and promote through the DRR Bill safety in the Region Enactment of Evacuation Center Act This will address the needs of women, children, differently-abled and elderly in times of disaster. Enactment of local ordinance declaring Taal Volcano This is to support legislations that prohibit people’s access to the Island as “No Human Settlements Land” pursuant to Taal Volcano Island Proclamation No. 235, series of 1967 and Proclamation No. 923, series of 1996 Inclusion of both the Barangay Drug Clearing Program This will encourage local government units to support both the (BDCP) and Balay Silangan Program in the requirement BDCP and Balay Silangan Program for the awarding of the Seal of Good Local Governance

242 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 243 244 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development In order to achieve the national goal of inclusive growth, accelerated and strategic infrastructure development will be pursued. The Region will implement infrastructure projects in transportation, flood control, water resources, power and energy, social welfare, and information and communication technology. These infrastructures aim to support economic development, safe environment, and mobility of people, goods and services. Assessment and Challenges Land transport Existing national roads in priority corridors were continuously being widened to Roads and bridges increase vehicle capacity and decongest the urban centers. From 2016 to 2018, a total of The length of national roads in47.88 kilometers of priority national roads CALABARZON increased by 25.20 were widened. However, the increased in kilometers from 2016 to 2018. As of June the vehicle capacity of these widened roads 2018, the total national road length in is yet to be realized due to the presence the Region is 2,542.32 kilometers. The of obstructions along the RROW which increase in road length was attributed to the pose danger to the other motorists and the newly completed and converted national general public. Only 50.48 percent of the roads. Quezon has the longest length of national roads are in good condition as of national roads constructed as it has the 2018 (Table 19.2). The target for national biggest land area. No new additional road roads improvement for 2018 was not was constructed in 2019 because DPWH met because of limited funding for road focused on road widening projects. rehabilitation projects.

As of 2018, a total of 52.77 kilometers of Another issue observed in the Region is the road are undergoing road conversion based absence of road plans in the congressional from the online 2018 DPWH Atlas. The districts making budget prioritization completed roads awaiting conversion are the difficult. During the Taal Volcano Eruption, Tiaong Bypass Road and Candelaria Bypass traffic jams were observed along the road Road in Quezon. Ongoing bypass and networks surrounding the Taal Volcano diversion roads that are being constructed Protected Landscape. The existing road are the Lipa City-Padre Garcia Diversion networks in the affected areas cannot Road, Batangas City-San Pascual-Bauan accommodate the volume of vehicles in Bypass Road, Sta. Rosa –Tagaytay-Ulat case of immediate evacuation. Recently, Bypass Road, Alaminos-San Pablo City the community lockdowns brought by Bypass Road, Sariaya Bypass Road among the COVID-19 Pandemic also adversely others. These projects are expected to affected the transportation of essential decongest the existing roads and improve personnel and goods, and the construction interconnectivity in the Region. A map of of transportation projects. the existing national road network is shown in Figure 19.1.

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 245 The length of permanent bridges increased Expressway from 18,547 linear meters in 2016 to 18,575.17 linear meters in 2018, while the The total length of expressways or toll roads number of permanent bridges in Region in the Region is 105.87 kilometers (Table decreased to 651 in 2018 from 654 in 2017 19.3). The South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) due to the undergoing rehabilitation of in Metro Manila extends to Calamba City these bridges. (Toll Road 2) and Sto. Tomas Batangas (Toll Table 19.1 National Road Length Increased, By Province, CALABARZON, 2018 PROVINCE 2016 TOTAL LENGTH (KM) 2018 TOTAL LENGTH (KM) INCREASE Cavite 438.84 438.84 - Laguna 349.49 349.49 - Batangas 536.39 555.48 - Rizal 232.57 232.49 - Quezon 941.00 966.02 25.2 CALABARZON 2,517.30 2,542.32 25.2 Source: DPWH IV-A

Table 19.2 National Road Condition, CALABARZON, 2018 CONDITION LENGTH (IN KM) Good 1,283.42 km (50.48%) Fair 632.73 km (24.89%) Poor 209.46 km (8.24%) Bad 74.72 km (2.94%) No assessment 342.00 km (13.45%) Source: DPWH IV-A

Figure 19.1 CALABARZON National Road Network 2017

Source: DPWH

246 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Road 3). The Southern Tagalog Arterial Railway Road or STAR Tollway also connects the SLEX in Sto. Tomas, Batangas. The north The Philippine National Railways (PNR) bound section of the STAR Tollway was used to operate a commuter line from completed in May 2015, eight years after Tutuban, Manila to Calamba City and a the south bound section from Lipa City to long-haul line to Quezon Province up to the Batangas City was opened to traffic in 2007. Bicol Region. The long-haul from Manila to The Manila-Cavite Expressway or Cavitex Bicol resumed operation in 2010 after a long and the Muntinlupa-Cavite Expressway time of suspension. However, the operation (MCX) connect Metro Manila to Cavite. The was again stopped in 2012 to present due to Cavitex and MCX were opened to traffic in a damaged bridge in Sariaya, Quezon. The April 2011 and July 2015, respectively. DOTr is currently preparing the feasibility study for the PNR South Long Haul Project There are two ongoing expressway projects which involves a 592-km railway from Sucat, in the Region, the SLEX TR4 and the Parañaque City to Legazpi City to Matnog, CALAEX. The SLEX TR4 is a four-lane Sorsogon, with a Batangas Branch Line 66.74 kilometer toll road from Sto. Tomas from Calamba Station going to the Batangas City, Batangas to Mayao, Lucena City. It will Port. For the ongoing project, Figure 19.6 reduce the travel time from 4 hours to 1 shows the existing railway network and hour and allows a faster travel from Laguna, proposed spur line. The DOTr is currently Batangas and Quezon Provinces, and Bicol implementing the North–South Commuter Region. On the other hand, the CALAEX is Railway Project which is a 147-kilometer a 4-lane 45.29 kilometer closed-system toll elevated railway that will run from New expressway connecting Cavite Expressway Clark City in Capas, Tarlac to Calamba City, (CAVITEX) and SLEX. The project will Laguna, with a total of 36 stations. start from the CAVITEX in Kawit, Cavite and terminate at the SLEX-Mamplasan The following are the major challenges in Interchange in Biñan, Laguna. Both land transportation: projects are expected to be completed by 2022. Both projects are part of the Duterte Traffic congestions along major roads. Administration’s Luzon Spine Expressway Road in the cities and urban areas of Network Master Plan which envisions a CALABARZON have exceeded their 1,000-km series of expressways connecting volume capacities, thus, creating traffic the North and South Luzon Provinces. congestions. Mass transportation facilities Both projects are part of the Duterte that can help ease traffic congestion such as Administration’s Luzon Spine Expressway the Light Rail Transit Extension in Cavite Network Master Plan. The Plan envisions a and PNR South, and the bypass roads in 1,000 km series of expressways connecting every province are yet to be completed. the North and South Luzon Provinces.

Table 19.3 Length of Existing Expressways, CALABARZON, 2016 CONDITION LENGTH (IN KM) Southern Tagalog Arterial Road 42.00 SLEX Toll Road 2 27.29* SLEX Toll Road 3 7.60 Manila-Cavite Expressway/Cavitex 24.98 Muntinlupa-Cavite Expressway 4.00* *including sections in Metro Manila

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 247 Figure 19.2 Map of Existing and Proposed CALABARZON Expressways

Source: TRB Obstructions on Road Widening Projects. travelling public. Limited budget on road The utility posts and trees located within improvement and maintenance cause these the road-right-of-way are traffic hazards inconveniences to the public. and cause delay in road widening projects. Coordination meetings among DPWH, Access to tourist destinations, industrial DENR, DILG, LGUs, utility companies and areas, and agricultural and far-flung areas. other stakeholders are being undertaken While CALABARZON has a relatively high to facilitate the removal of these road road density, access to tourist destinations, obstructions. DPWH Region IV-A currently industrial areas and geographically isolated leads the TWG on the Removal of Road areas is still a concern. The DOT-DPWH Obstructions in the Region. Convergence Program, which will improve access to tourist destinations now has 28 Deterioration of road condition (see Table projects completed while 11 are still ongoing 19.2). The causes of road deterioration as of December 2018. These projects are water seepage in road pavements and improved the accessibility of various tourist overloading of trucks. Load limits are not spots in the Region. For the improvement in regularly monitored due to limited number access to industries, the DTI in partnership and non-operation of the weighing stations, with the DPWH is currently implementing particularly the station located Turbina, the Roads Leveraging Linkages of Calamba City. The regular maintenance of Industry and Trade (ROLL-IT). On the roads to address road cracks, water seepage, other hand, more farm-to-market roads among others is often not conducted due to are being requested especially by GIDAs budget issues. in CALABARZON.

Safety concerns on the roads. Flooded roads and insufficient lightings and signages in some areas pose danger to the

248 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 19.3 Map of PNR Railway Network

Source:DOTr Water and air Connectivity improved through utilization of existing ports. The existing ports in transportation Batangas and Quezon Provinces are important transport facilities that connect Continuous rehabilitation and repair projects CALABARZON to island Regions of in existing ports are being undertaken. MIMAROPA and Western Visayas. These Rehabilitation and repair projects in port facilities are vital mode of transport for Batangas Port were completed in 2018 tourism, manufacturing and agriculture- enhancing port operations and services. based industries. These projects include construction of multi-level parking and crane rail extension In terms of cargo, the combined in Batangas Port Phase I. Completed repair performance of the two major ports works in Lucena City, Quezon in 2018 improved from 2016 to 2018, and targets included the RoRo Terminal Fee Facility were exceeded. The non-containerized in Gate 2 and reblocking of damaged cargo grew by 17 percent while the concrete pavement. containerized cargo throughput grew by 105.4 percent from 2016. The significant A new passenger terminal building with increase in containerized cargoes is modern facilities will also be constructed recorded in 2018, with 63.6 percent increase in Batangas Port to cater the increasing from the previous year brought by the shift number of passengers of the Port. The in direct shipment from Metro Manila to improved facility will accommodate an South Luzon Gateway. The 2018 targets for estimated capacity of 3,200 to 3,600 seats in the non-containerized and containerized its passenger lounge. cargoes were both exceeded. The increase

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 249 can also be attributed to the docking of – Polillo Island, Quezon, Lucena, Quezon bigger ships and higher frequency of vessel – Odiongan, Romblon, Lucena, Quezon – trips to Batangas Container Terminal. Buyabod, Marinduque, Lucena, Quezon – Romblon, Romblon, Lucena, Quezon – The number of passengers using Batangas Masbate City and San Narciso, Quezon – Port and theports in Quezon grew by San Pascual, Masbate. 11 percent from 2016 to 2018, however, it declined by 0.71 percent in 2018 from The number of vessels which passed 2017. The decline in the passenger traffic is through these ports grew by 17.5 percent brought by the decrease in the passengers from 2016. The increase can be attributed in the Batangas Port due to the six-month to the continuous improvement in the port closure of Boracay Island for rehabilitation. facilities. Target for 2018 was also exceeded. Strict implementation of the carrying Early in 2019, the Asian Terminal Inc. capacity of the island resulted in a slowdown inaugurated the expanded berthing facilities in the number of passengers using the in the Batangas Container Terminal. The Batangas Port. Boracay Island is among expansion will increase the terminal’s the top tourists’ destinations of travellers capacity to 500,000 TEUs, which is double from Batangas Port. Despite the reduction of its previous capacity. in the number of passengers from the previous year, the target passengers for 2018 On-going rehabilitation of Sangley Airport was exceeded. to decongest NAIA. The Sangley Airport in Cavite under the Sangley Airport Furthermore, MARINA, has recently Development Project is being rehabilitated opened and is proposing new routes for since 2018. The rehabilitation works were passenger vessels and RoRo from the Region. substantially completed in October 2019 Among the new routes in CALABARZON and inaugurated in February 2020. The are the Batangas City – San Jose, Occidental completed airport will be utilized for Mindoro, San Juan, Batangas – Abra de general aviation. Ilog, Occidental Mindoro, Real, Quezon Table 19.4 Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports in 2016-2018 % OF ACCOMPLISHMENT GROWTH 2018 INDICATOR TARGET RATE (%) TARGET 2016 2017 2018 ATTAINED Non-containerized cargo 25,896,467 28,272,003 30,300,309.41 17.0 28,597,374 106 throughput (MT) Containerized cargoes 157,319 197,534 323,135 105.4 189,313 171 (TEU) Number of passengers 7,831,396 8,693,410 8,631,540 10.2 8,437,382 102 Number of vessels 47,189 54,574 55,453 17.5 48,989 113 Source: Philippine Ports Authority – Port Management Office of Batangas and Marquez Power generation the target of energizing 95.58 percent of sitios in 2018 was not met. The inclement and electrification weather and difficulty in reaching remote areas delayed the installation of electric Rural electrification remains a challenge. connections. In 2017, the reported The proportion of sitios served with electric household electrification level in Region connections to potential sitios increased by IV-A is at 96.1 percent. The decrease by 0.6 only 0.82 percent in 2018 from 2016, thus, percentage points from the 2016 level can be

250 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 19.5 Household and Sitio Electrification in 2016-2018 % OF ACCOMPLISHMENT GROWTH 2018 INDICATOR TARGET RATE (%) TARGET 2016 2017 2018 ATTAINED Proportion of sitios with electric 91.86 92.53 92.68 0.82 95.58 -2.9 connections against potential sitios increased (%) Proportion of households with 96.7 96.1 100 3.3 97.95 2.05 electric connections against potential households increased (%) Source: Department of Energy attributed to the adoption of a new baseline powered-up sites with free Wi-Fi internet of potential household count as required in access in the Region grew at 110.7 percent the 2015 PSA Census. from 2016. However, there was a decrease on established powered-up sites in 2018. On the other hand, the proportion of On the other hand, there was one Point of households with electric connections to Presence established in Batangas in 2018. potential households increased by 4.86 The Points of Presence are essential network percent and the target for 2018 was exceeded. elements where equipment that route, store The overachievement of the target was or transmit internet data are housed. attributed to the intensified electrification and cooperation of the provincial and ICT local officials. Slowdown in provision of public internet Power sources will increase. CALABARZON facilities. Establishment of additional contributed 7,524.36 megawatts capacity powered-up sites with free Wi-Fi internet in 2019 or approximately 49 percent of the access in the Region grew by 110.7 percent 15,261.4 megawatts dependable capacity from 2016 to 2018. However, there was a of the Luzon Grid. The expansion of the decrease on the established powered-up sites coal-fired power plant in Pagbilao Unit 3 in in 2018. On the other hand, there was only Quezon with a dependable capacity of 420 one Point of Presence (POP) established megawatts and the Modular Gas Turbine in the Region (located in Batangas) over Units 3 and 4 in Calaca, Batangas will the three-year period. POPs are essential contribute 46 megawatts to the Luzon Grid. network elements where equipment that route, store or transmit internet data Slowdown in provision of public internet are housed. facilities. Establishment of additional Table 19.6 Number of Powered-Up Sites with Free Wi-Fi Internet Access and Pop Established in CALABARZON, 2016-2018 GROWTH INDICATOR 2016 2017 2018 RATE (%) Number of powered-up sites with free Wi-Fi internet access 28 75 59 110.7 Number of Point of Presence established 1 1 1 0 Source: Department of Information and Communications Technology – Luzon Cluster_2 Water resources economic development. Hence, efficient management of water resources is Access to water and availability of water fundamental to achieve the Sustainable is a primary or necessary condition for Development Goal of ensuring availability of clean water and sanitation. Access to

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 251 information, investment in infrastructure The target of 825 hectares of newly- and strengthening of policies are necessary irrigated areas was achieved in 2017 while to improve management of water resources. only 817 hectares or 83 percentof the 988 hectares target in 2018 was met. In Irrigation service improved addition, the Matataja Small Impounding Project (SIP) was converted into four SIPs The irrigation performance is based on the with a service area of 120 hectares. The following: a) irrigated areas (new, restored SIPs contributed to the 654 hectares of and rehabilitated); b) length of canal lining; newly-irrigated areas in 2019. Likewise, c) number of structures; d) ratio of actual the targeted restored irrigation area of 279 irrigated area to the total potential area; and and 364 hectares in 2017 and 2018 were e) cropping intensity. achieved while a total of187 hectaresor 78 percent of the targeted 240 hectares were met in 2019. Table 19.7 Performance of Irrigated Areas (in hectares), 2016 to 2018 2016 2017 2018 2019 New Irrigated Areas (ha) Target N/A 825 988 1,835 Actual 617 825 817 336 Variance N/A 0 -171 -1,499 Restored Irrigated Areas (ha) Target N/A 279 364 240 Actual 749 279 364 107 Variance N/A 0 0 -133 Length of canal lining (km) Target N/A 44.27 41.53 96.82 Actual 26.84 48.03 56.82 2.59 Variance N/A 3.76 15.29 -94.23 Number of structures Target N/A 58 134 313 Actual 109 173 196 15 Variance N/A 115 62 -298 Source: NIA

On the other hand, a total of 48.03 and 56.82 works, pumphouse, water tank, turnout, kilometers of canal lining were constructed check structures and diversion works, in 2017 and 2018, exceeding their targets among others. Most of the units were by 8 and 37 percent, respectively. For 2019, established in 2017 and 2018. In 2019, 101 only 31.37 kilometers (32.40%) of canal units or only 32 percent of the target units. lining out of the 96.82-kilometer target The non-achievement of the target can be was constructed. attributed to the untimely release of fund and unfavorable weather condition. In addition, 479 units or 85 percent of the 561 units targeted for 2017-2022 were already achieved. These units pertain to irrigation structures such as protection

252 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Ratio of actual irrigated area to total Households with access to safe water potential irrigable area increased supply increased

The ratio of actual irrigated area increased Households with access to safe water supply every year from 2016 to 2019. From 57.36 increased from 66 percent in 2016 to 95 percentaccomplishment in 2016, the total percent in 2017. However, the 95 percent potential irrigated area increased to 71.76 target for 2018 was not achieved. Similarly, percent in 2017, an increase of 14.4 percent. though the proportion of households with Moreover, the actual irrigated area of 74.15 access to basic sanitation to total number percent in 2018 and 77.8 percent in 2019 of households increased from 65 percent in exceeded their targets by 1.96 and 1.87 2016 to 77 percent in 2017, the 95 percent percentage points, respectively. As a result, target for 2018 was not met. Nonetheless, the cropping intensity increased at an the overall achievement on access to average of 2.4 percent per year from 2016 sanitation and safe water supply improved to 2019. From 147 percent accomplishment from 2016 to 2018. This can be attributed in 2016, the cropping intensity increased to to Zero Open Defecation Program and 151 percent in 2017, 154 percent in 2018 Water Safety Plan Certification activities of and 158 percent in 2019. the DOH. Table 19.8 Ratio of Actual Irrigated Area, and Cropping Intensity, 2016 to 2018 2016 2017 2018 2019 Ratio of actual irrigated area to total potential irrigable area increased (% cumulative) Target N/A 69.09 72.19 75.31 Actual 57.36 71.76 74.15 77.8 Variance N/A 2.67 1.96 2.49 Cropping intensity increased (% cumulative) Target N/A 148 151 156 Actual 147 151 154 156 Variance N/A 3 3 0 Source: NIA

Table 19.9 Access to Sanitation and Safe Water Supply, 2016 to 2018 2016 2017 2018 Percentage of households with access to safe water supply Target N/A 95 95 Actual 66 95 91 Variance N/A 0 -4 Proportion of households with access to basic sanitation to total number of households Target N/A 95 95 Actual 65 77 82 Variance N/A 0 -13 Source: DOH

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 253 Groundwater management plans and Delayed implementation of water monitoring wells established infrastructure projects

The National Water Resources Board Water Supply initiated the development of Groundwater Management Plans in groundwater of In March 2019, numerous areas in Metro highly urbanized areas. The Plan provides Manila, Cavite and Rizal began experiencing recommendations to address water inadequate potable water supply. This can constraints and monitor effectiveness of be attributed to limited sources of water groundwater policies in the area through coupled with growing demand for potable establishment of groundwater monitoring water. The implementation of the New wells, and serve as basis for protection and Centennial Water Source Project (NCWSP)- conservation efforts. Among the target cities Kaliwa Dam can augment the source for in CALABARZON were Batangas, Cavite, potable water. Kaliwa Dam is expected Santa Rosa, Binan, Cabuyao, San Pedro to provide water security, reliability and and Calamba. additional water supply for Metro Manila, and Cavite and Rizal Provinces, and The development of the Groundreduce pressure and dependency on Angat Management Plan for Batangas City was Dam Reservoir. completed as scheduled in 2018 while three monitoring wells were already installed in Bacoor, Cavite. Table 19.10 Projected Water Supply Demand in Cavite and Rizal Province, 2018-2021 POPULATION PROVINCE 2018 2019 2020 2021 Cavite 897,656 1,516,033 1,554,915 1,589,932 Rizal 2,385,471 2,728,120 2,826,388 2,934,553 Source: MWSS Growing water demand Social infrastructure

The population of CALABARZON is By 2023, all strategic social infrastructures projected to reach 16.7 million by 2025 or in the Region will be in place. All school 2.6 million higher than 2015. The increase buildings will have functional water and in population means increase in demand electricity connections, while health for water. Also, the warming effect of the facilities will be accessible even in far- global climate change increases our water flung areas of the CALABARZON Region. needs for drinking and bathing. Therefore, These can be achieved through increased water resources need to be efficiently public spending and various convergence managed to satisfy household water projects between private and government demand and support productive economies sectors. The continued promotion of the in agriculture, industry and energy. Electrification and the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools (WINS) Program As shown in Table 19.7, MWSS expects an will complement the classrooms that will be increase in water demand in Cavite and constructed under the School Building and Rizal Provinces from 2018 to 2021. Last Mile Schools Programs.

254 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Education Health

Additional classrooms are needed. Classroom Number of operational barangay health to pupil ratio improved from its baseline stations in the Region declined. The decrease data of 1:45 in 2016 to 1:41 in 2018 for in the number of operational barangay primary grades. However, targets for the health stations (BHS) was due to the same year were not met in both junior and renovation and relocation of BHS formerly senior high schools even for schools that situated in the barangay halls. The 113 offered shifting classes. renovated BHS in 2018 are expected to be completed on the first quarter of 2020. Despite increased funding from various convergence projects, construction of Even with the ongoing implementation of additional classrooms was hindered by the the Health Facilities Enhancement Program lack of land. Other issues identified during (HFEP) which covers the construction, project implementation were the shortage repair, rehabilitation, and renovation of manpower and equipment, unstable of barangay health facilities, targets for soil condition, poor quality of constructed established rural health units (RHUs) buildings, and contractual concerns. were not achieved. Delays in procurement affected the timely completion of health The delayed implementation of projects facilities under the HFEP while funding under the School Building Program in 2019 for some projects were for reversion due to also contributed to the non-achievement of unavailability of project sites. the targets, with only one out of 92 school building projects completed as scheduled. In addition, the number of licensed government hospitals decreased with the non-renewal of licenses of the following health facilities in Cavite (Cavite Municipal

Table 19.11 School Infrastructure and Facilities, CALABARZON, 2016-2019

ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENT END OF PLAN INDICATOR TARGET 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 Classroom to pupil ratio improved Kindergarten 1:30 1:25 1:25 1:25 - 1:25 Primary (Grade 1-3) 1:45 1:35 1:35 1:42 1:41 1:30 Primary (Grade 4-6) 1:45 1:45 1:45 1:42 1:41 1:40 Junior High School 1:45 1:45 1:45 1:41 1:62 1:40 Senior High School 1:40 1:40 1:40 1:41 1:62 1:40 Proportion of public schools with adequate water and sanitation facilities to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative) a. Primary (K to 6) 78.58 82.85 87.12 74.31 - 100 b. Junior High School 72.19 77.75 83.31 66.62 - 100 c. Senior High School - - - 66.62 - - Proportion of public schools with connection to electricity to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative) a. Primary (K to 6) 96.2 96.96 97.72 95.44 98.33 - b. Junior High School 96.2 96.96 97.72 95.44 98.15 - c. Senior High School - 99.56 99.65 95.44 99.56 - Source: DepEd Region IV-A

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 255 Table 19.12 Status of Projects under the School Building Program, 2014-2019 INDICATOR 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 No. of Projects 594 363 413 1088 501 92 Completed 593 362 401 1043 386 1 Ongoing 0 0 4 42 115 85 NYS /Procurement 0 0 0 0 0 6 Reverted 1 1 8 3 0 0 Accomplishment (%) 99.82% 99.34% 98.02% 98.69% 92.18% 28.41% Source: DepEd Region IV-A Table 19.13 Operational Barangay Health Stations, 2016-2018 INDICATOR 2016 2017 2017 Cavite 353 353 341 Laguna 196 214 215 Batangas 495 571 579 Rizal 205 238 227 Quezon 364 511 438 Total 2,340 2,689 2,576 Source: DOH Region IV-A

Table 19.14 Health Care Facilities, CALABARZON, 2017-2019 ANNUAL PLAN TARGETS ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATOR 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Access to health services improved Number of established Barangay Health Stations (BHS), NA NA NA 66.92% 64.11% 0%*** Rural Health Units (RHUs), or Urban health Centers (UHC) to total number of barangays increased (% cumulative)* Established Rural Health Unit/Urban Health 29 11 18 21 10 0*** Center increased Note: tbd - to be determined; NA - not applicable; * Number of established BHS to 4,018 barangays in CALABARZON; **Construction is based on request of LGU; ***Ongoing construction Source: DOH Region IV-A

Table 19.15 No. of Licensed Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized Bed Capacity, 2017-2018

2017 2018

PROVINCES GOVERNMENT PRIVATE GOVERNMENT PRIVATE

BED BED BED BED NO. NO. NO. NO. CAP CAP CAP CAP Cavite 5 538 43 2,259 5 538 43 2,559 Laguna 14 762 40 2,481 14 762 40 2,627 Batangas 14 954 42 2,326 14 954 42 2,432 Rizal 9 488 22 1,091 9 488 23 1,201 Quezon 13 570 15 945 13 570 15 945 Total 55 3,312 162 9,102 55 3,312 163 9,764 Source: DOH Region IV-A

256 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Hospital, Dra. Olivia Salamanca Memorial Social welfare District Hospital, and General Trias Medicare Hospital) and Quezon (Polilio Social welfare/protection facilities extend Medicare Hospital) in 2017. These four residential care to individuals with needs hospitals were reclassified or downgraded to that cannot be provided by their own infirmaries due to non-compliance to Level families. As of 2019, there were five social 1 hospital requirements particularly on welfare/protection facilities operated by manpower, required services, and operating DSWD in the Region. schedules. In 2019, two government hospitals became operational in Cavite Another poverty alleviation program (Ospital ng Imus) and Rizal (Antipolo designed to deliver need-responsive City Hospital System IV-Mambugan) social services is the Kapit-Bisig Laban sa while for private hospitals, one hospital in Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Laguna (Citymedic Emergency Hospital Delivery of Social Services (KALAHI- Corporation) and Rizal (Soriano-Leyble CIDSS). A total of 2,165 sub-projects Medical and Maternity Hospital) became which include farm-to-market roads and operational, contributing an additional bridges, school building, health centers, 272 beds. post-harvest facilities and water supply systems were identified by the beneficiary Unmet target for hospital bed to population communities. Similar to the Bottom-Up ratio. Despite the increase in total bed Budgeting, the program use participatory capacity as shown above, the target for planning process in the selection and bed to population ratio of 1:1000 was not implementation of projects. achieved since most hospitals in the Region are primary-level or Level 1 with a capacity Housing of only 25 to 75 beds. Demand for living spaces continues to increase with population growth and influx of in-migrants to the Region. Residential displacement caused by natural calamities Table 19.16 Social Welfare/Protection Facilities, CALABARZON, 2019 NAME OF FACILITIES/LOCATION DESCRIPTION Bahay Tuluyan ng mga Bata (Home for Girls A residential institution established to provide care, protection and Bagong Bayan, Dasmariñas, Cavite) rehabilitation to girls ages 5 to 17 years old who are victims of sexual abuse (rape, incest, acts of lasciviousness, sexual exploitation, abandonment, negligence and physical abuse and maltreatment) Regional Haven for Women and Girls Agriculture An alternative form of family care providing 24 hour group living on Compound, Rosario, Batangas temporary basis to disadvantaged abused women and their qualified dependent whose needs cannot be adequately met by their own families and relative over a period of time. It was established in 1997 with the partnership with the Congressional Spouses Foundation Inc. (CSFI) National Training School for Boys Barangay Provides protection and parental care to CICL. It enables the CICLs Sampaloc, Tanay, Rizal who cannot undergo rehabilitation in the community to benefit from an intensive treatment of their deviant behavior and anti-social attitudes in a residential setting and prepare them for a successful adjustment with their family and community after discharge. Haven for the Elderly Barangay Sampaloc, A residential facility established on September 30, 1969 that provides care Tanay, Rizal to male and female senior citizens ages 60 years old and above who are abandoned, neglected and in need. It has a bed capacity of 300. Field Office Resource Operations Center This serves as the resource operation center of DSWD - CALABARZON Barangay San Jose, GMA, Cavite during disaster and has 30,000 family food packs as stockpile at any given time. Source: DSWD Region IV-A

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 257 such as typhoons and volcano eruptions also The government through the National contributed to the demand for resettlement Housing Authority (NHA) provides areas. The challenge is to provide decent, resettlement programs to informal settler affordable and disaster-resilient housing families living along danger areas and units for the affected families. those affected by the implementation of government infrastructure projects such as More than half of the households in roads and bridges. NHA undertakes housing the Region own their houses while the development through direct delivery and remaining households are faced with the involvement of beneficiaries, joint venture, threat of insecure tenure. A large majority and provision of technical assistance to of the occupied housing units in the Region its partners. are constructed with strong materials as depicted in Table 19.17. Table 19.17 Total Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls and Roof, CALABARZON, 2019 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF THE ROOF TOTAL CONSTRUCTION OCCUPIED HALF BAMBOO/ MAKESHIFT/ MATERIALS OF THE GALVANIZED TILE/ GALVANIZED COGON/ SALVAGED/ NOT HOUSING IRON/ CONCRETE/ ASBESTOS OUTER WALL IRON/HALF NIPA/ IMPROVISED TRAPAL OTHERS UNITS ALUMINUM CLAY TILE REPORTED CONCRETE ANAHAW MATERIALS

Concrete/Brick/ Stone 2,327,606 2,205,915 82,266 29,231 2,914 5,235 343 134 1,089 479

Wood 327,965 256,199 4,712 21,455 39,298 716 2,926 1,974 569 116

Half Concrete/Brick/ Stone 414,963 280,054 6,355 120,235 6,941 120 966 129 147 16 and Half Wood

Galvanized Iron/ 24,700 20,806 395 1,681 1,686 13 66 38 12 3 Aluminum

Bamboo/Sawali/ Cogon/ 168,084 83,112 - 3,631 78,344 - 1,118 1,456 250 173 Nipa

Asbestos 1,463 1,144 36 29 - 254 - - - -

Glass 452 218 81 146 - 5 - - 2 -

Maksehift/Salvaged/ 18,109 8,288 - 498 1,413 - 7,360 523 27 - Improvised Materials

Trapal 3,689 1,602 - - 398 - 241 1,434 14 -

Others 1,325 931 9 13 138 3 8 32 191 -

No Walls 881 557 24 98 168 - 16 11 7 -

Not Reported 7,873 5,702 41 317 126 14 - - - 1,673

Total 3,297,110 2,864,528 93,919 177,334 131,426 6,360 13,044 5,731 2,308 2,460 Source: 2019 CALABARZON RSET Table 19.18 Housing Units, CALABARZON, 2016-2018

ACCOMPLISHMENT PROGRAM 2016 2017 2018 Housing Program for ISFs Living Along Danger Areas in Metro Manila 3,341 832 1,917 Resettlement Program 361 125 - AFP/PNP Housing Program 400 1,123 - Total 4,102 2,080 1,917 Source: NHA 2016-2018 Annual Report

258 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Evacuation centers Prison and jail facilities

Evacuation centers are usually schools, Prisons are overcrowded as the number of public gymnasiums and multi-purpose inmates continues to rise. The Region is buildings. As these facilities are not identified as one with most the congested designed to serve as temporary jails in the country as of January 2020. accommodations, they do not have the The ideal capacity of 1 Persons Deprived appropriate washrooms or kitchens. of Liberty (PDL) for every 4.70 square Likewise, they do not provide privacy for the meter prison cell space is not meet. The evacuees. Apart from the discomfort that overcrowding of these facilities continues the evacuees suffer, the use of classrooms as due to the intensified campaign against evacuation areas also hamper the conduct illegal drugs and the plea-bargaining system, education. , The recent disaster has shown which expedites court proceedings and put that existing evacuation centers cannot more offenders in prisons. Expansion and accommodate the volume of affected improvement of existing facilities and free families and are not ready to provide the legal advice will be considered to address basic needs of the evacuees. the overcrowding problem and prevent the spread of communicable diseases.

Figure 19.4 Tenure Status of the Housing Unit and Lot, CALABARZON, 2015

Source: NHA 2016-2018 Annual Report

Table 19.19 Type of Evacuation Centers by Province, 2018 MULTI- GYM/ SCHOOL/ DAY CHURCH/ PROVINCES BRGY. HALL PURPOSE COVERED OTHERS CARE CHAPEL HALL COURT Cavite 733 438 226 190 511 13 Laguna 130 195 40 108 83 29 Batangas 142 600 25 40 113 61 Rizal 83 178 11 14 113 37 Quezon 414 363 157 90 49 56 Total 1,602 1,774 459 442 869 169 Source: OCD IV-A/CALABARZON PDRRMOs

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 259 Table 19.20 BJMP Jail Facility Congestion Rate Distribution Region NO. OF JAILS CONGESTION RATE (%) NCR 44 93.18 I 20 75 II 20 60 III 38 92.11 CALABARZON 58 100 MIMAROPA 19 68.42 V 36 75 VI 37 83.78 VII 40 97.5 VIII 38 50 IX 20 85 X 26 57.69 XI 13 84.62 XII 15 93.33 CARAGA 12 83.33 CAR 20 55 BARMM 11 54.55 Total 467 80.09 Source: OCD IV-A/CALABARZON PDRRMOs Emerging Gaps and New Challenges Despite government efforts to meet the Eruption and those affected and at risk to need for social infrastructure in COVID-19 Pandemic. CALABARZON, new challenges will be encountered in attaining the targets by 2022. The demand for social infrastructures is expected to increase with the Region’s Challenges that may increase the demand growing population, possible calamities for social infrastructures are the natural and emergence of new diseases in the hazards such as the “Big One”, and the future. However, the limitations in the rise of highly communicable diseases. The availability of buildable space, limited national and local government units are budget and the ability of the government faced with the challenges of providing to build and efficiently operate these social sufficient housing and health care for facilities are critical factors that need to individuals affected by the Taal Volcano be addressed. Action Plan Strategic Framework various infrastructure subsectors; c) ensure asset preservation; and d) intensify R&D on The Region shall adopt the strategic technologies that are cost-effective over the framework of the PDP 2017-2022 on whole project life cycle (Figure 19.5). Infrastructure development with the following subsector outcomes: a) increase spending on public infrastructure; b) implement strategic infrastructure for the

260 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 19.5 Strategic Framework to Accelerate Infrastructure Development

Targets Table 19.21 Plan Targets to Accelerate Infrastructure Development, 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Public infrastructure spending increased Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing PSA (% share to GDP) Land Transport Length of national roads increased (km) 2,542.15 2,542.20 2,542.25 2,542.30 DPWH Length of existing paved national roads 2,487.23 2,509.14 2,510.00 2,511.50 increased (km) Length of permanent bridges along national 19,294 19,294.00 19,294.00 19,294.00 roads increased (lm) Number of permanent bridges along national 664 666 667 669 roads increased (cumulative) Percentage of national roads in good condition 65.75 70.50 75.25 80.50 increased (%) Kilometers of national roads along priority 170.403 211.95 265.753 265.753 corridors widened with complete features to at least 4 lanes (cumulative) Number of bypass/diversion road and grade 31 38 48 48 separation projects completed along priority corridors with complete features to at least 4 lanes (cumulative) Kilometers of new roads constructed to close 44.69 53.88 56.38 56.53 gaps in the national road network (cumulative) Number of bridges retrofitted 145 150 155 160 Number of bridges widened 316 384 528 654 Travel time (decreased)/Speed increased via land - - - - per key corridor Road traffic accident rate reduced (based on 2 2 2 2 DOTr, PNP Accident Data) DPWH, LGUs, DOH, PNP

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 261 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Rail Transport Length of standard gauge increased (km) 2.2 4.2 137.2 214.2 DOTr, PNR Number of railway bridges 71 72 72 72 PNR repaired/reconstructed Total length of standard rail gauge rail tracks 46.6 93 137.4 214.4 DOTr, PNR increased (km, cumulative) Number of passenger service routes traversing 3 4 5 7 PNR the Region Number of freight service routes traversing 1 2 2 2 the Region Passenger trips via rail (in Metro Manila ) - - - - increased (in % share of total passenger trips via rail, cumulative)/Passenger service routes Air Transport Number of airport rehabilitated (2018) DOTr-CAAP 1 (Sangley) Water Transport Cargo Throughput (MT) 29,671,218 30,787,818 31,913,616 33,048,797 PPA Batangas and MarQuez Non-containerized 194,992 202,792 212,932 225,708 Containerized cargoes in TEUs 8,779,354 9,124,245 9,472,112 9,823,015 Passengers transported by sea increased 8,779,354 9,124,245 9,472,112 9,823,015 (in number of passengers, cumulative) No. of vessels increased 52,593 54,404 56,220 58,041 Cargo shipped increased (international and - - - - domestic), (MT, cumulative) Water Supply Percentage of HHs with access to safe water 95 95 95 95 LGUs supply increased (%) Percentage of HHs with access to basic 95 95 95 95 sanitation increased (%) Proportion of households with access to 95 95 95 95 basic sanitation to total number of households increased (% cumulative) Households served with level three water supply - - - - system increased/ Proportion of cities/municipalities served by water districts with 24/7 water supply increased (%, cumulative) Irrigation Projects/Systems Construction/Restoration/ Rehabilitation New Area (ha.) 1,835 71 1,037 776 NIA Restore Area (ha.) 240 153 425 922 Length of canal lining (km) 96.82 50.77 - - Number of structures 313 56 - - Ratio of actual irrigated area to the total 75.31 78.54 78.97 82.37 potential irrigable area increased (% cumulative) Cropping intensity increased (% cumulative) 156 156 157 160 Information & Communication Technology Proportion of public schools with internet access to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative)

262 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 a. Primary (K to 6) 62.67 74.85 87.43 100 DepEd b. Junior High School 88.95 92.64 96.33 100 c. Senior High School 38.945 42.63 46.32 50 Proportion of public schools with computer packages to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative) a. Primary (K to 6) 96.05 97.37 96.69 100 DepEd b. Junior High School 84.71 89.81 94.91 100 Average broadband download speed - - - - increased (Mbps) Power and Energy Proportion of households with electricity to total Increasing Increasing Increasing 100% DOE number of households increased (% cumulative) Proportion of sitios with electric connections 96.74 97.85 98.93 100 NEA against potential sitios increased (%) Proportion of households with electric connections 98.49 99.01 99.51 100 NEA against potential households increased (%) Social Infrastructure Classroom to pupil ratio improved Kindergarten 1:25 1:25 1:25 1:25 DepEd, DPWH Primary (Grade 1-3) 1:35 1:35 1:35 1:30 Primary (Grade 4-6) 1:45 1:45 1:45 1:40 Junior High School 1:45 1:45 1:45 1:40 Senior High School 1:40 1:40 1:40 1:40 Water and sanitation to pupil ratio improved a. Primary (K to 6) DepEd b. Junior High School c. Senior High School Proportion of public schools with adequate water and sanitation facilities to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative) a. Primary (K to 6) 87.12 91.39 95.66 100 DepEd b. Junior High School 83.31 88.87 94.44 100 c. Senior High School - - - - Proportion of public schools with connection to electricity to total number of public schools increased (% cumulative) a. Primary (K to 6) 97.72 98.48 99.24 100 DepEd b. Junior High School 97.72 98.48 99.24 100 c. Senior High School 99.65 99.74 99.82 100 Access to health services improved Number of established Barangay Health na na na na LGUs, DOH Stations (BHS), Rural Health Units (RHUs), or Urban health Centers (UHC) to total number of barangays increased (%, cumulative) Established Rural Health Unit/Urban Health 18 tbd tbd tbd Center increased Hospital bed to population ratio improved 1:1,100 1:1,100 1:1,100 1:1,100 Waste Management

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 263 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Number of sanitary landfills increased 25 25 25 LGUs, DENR-EMB Number of LGUs served by STP (Volume of 69,323 69,323 69,323 MWSS desludged and/or treated septage in WDs increased, m3) Strategies Strategic infrastructure implemented Enhance the linkage of planning, Transport programming, and budgeting processes of the government. Regional agencies, GOCCs, The efficiency of the transport sector needs SUCs and LGUs have to identify priority to be improved to sustain economic growth PPAs that are consistent with the objectives and competitiveness by providing adequate, of the Regional Development Plan. The accessible, reliable, affordable and safe Three-Year Rolling Infrastructure Program access for people, goods, and services in (TRIP) will be adopted to optimize the CALABARZON and neighboring Regions. utilization of agency budget allocations for The Region shall support national transport the implementation of priority PPAs. policies that could contribute to the efficient and effective implementation and operation Encourage private sector participation. of public transportation projects. Roadmaps Private sector participation shall continue and other evidenced-based studies will to be encouraged in the construction be considered in transport planning, and or maintenance of transportation, particularly in promoting multi-modal water resources, and social and public transportation system. ICT infrastructures. To improve mobility and accessibility, Formulate and implement infrastructure development of local public transport development plans. Plans are necessary to route plans and multi-modal transport ensure harmonized and well-coordinated terminals have to be established to implementation of PPAs. Infrastructure provide a smooth transfer of passengers development plans to be implemented and cargoes. Integrated or electronic fare include roadmaps approved at the national collection systems will be encouraged for and Regional levels. Participation and the convenience of public. consultation with key stakeholders shall be observed in the preparation of new Implementing Agencies will be encouraged development plans. to facilitate the finalization of project alignments, settle RROW acquisition Improve government administrative systems and secure ECC to avoid project and procedures on project implementation. implementation delays. The DPWH should The implementing agencies and LGUs consider a higher construction standard shall be capacitated in project proposal to maintain good road conditions all over preparation. This will ensure the quality the Region. A congressional district road of project proposals and their inclusion in plan should also be considered by DPWH investment program and budget allocation. to improve prioritization of projects and better harmonize district and Regional road projects.

264 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Major programs and projects shall be closely or minimize delay. monitored to ensure the quality and timely delivery of outputs at the Regional and local The road programs and projects for the levels. The Regional Project Monitoring rehabilitation and recovery for the Taal Committee shall strengthen the Local Project Volcano Eruption will be prioritized. New Monitoring Committees in monitoring and road networks will be able to accommodate facilitating the implementation of programs the high volume of evacuees if immediate and projects. evacuation is needed. The Comprehensive Land Use Plans have to be updated to Convergence programs of agencies mainstream DRR concerns to local plans have to be promoted. The DOT-DPWH to identify road networks that need to be Convergence Program shall be continued developed. Infrastructure audits will be in the improvement and construction conducted to determine road integrity after of access roads leading to tourism disasters and calamities. destinations. The DTI-DPWH ROLL-IT Program have to be rolled out to facilitate Traffic management measures shall be the identification, prioritization andimplemented together with the improvement/ implementation of roads leading to various construction of transport infrastructures industries and economic zones. Agricultural to the highest quality standards. The areas have to be supported with farm-to- CALABARZON RDC have to continue market roads. Additionally, communities in implementing the CALABARZON Traffic far-flung areas shall be provided with access Management Plan to guide the concerned roads and bridges, including access roads agencies and LGUs in addressing traffic leading to the Last Mile Schools. congestion. The Traffic Management Plan will guide all key agencies and LGUs Policy coordination mechanisms among in planning, investment programming, agencies, LGUs, and private sector have to budgeting, and implementing PPAs in put in place to resolve transport issues in traffic management. Intelligent transport road widening, right-of-way acquisition, lot systems, such as signalized road acquisition, removal of road obstructions intersections, detection systems, and (utility poles/water lines) and traffic variable messaging system have to be management, among others. installed in the appropriate road sections. A study may be pursued on the non- Design of transport facilities have to approval of franchise for tricycle and ensure gender responsiveness and meet jeepney with no proper parking areas. the different requirements of the elderly, The LTFRB should assist the LGUs in children and persons with disabilities. preparation of local public transport route to harmonize transport routes in the Region. Policies and guidelines on mass transportation during times of pandemic Transport infrastructures have to be or public health emergencies have to be in improved to meet the highest quality place to ensure the safe movement of people standards and to enhance mobility. Anti- as well as the continued flow of goods overloading policies shall be implemented and services. The construction of farm to through the operation of weighing market roads and other road projects will be bridges to avoid deterioration of roads. able to contribute to food security. With The Motor Vehicle Inspection System has the project delays caused by COVID-19, to be implemented to comply with the implementing agencies have to prepare a international standards on vehicle safety catch-up-plans to complete projects on time and environmental impact. The

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 265 construction of expressways, bypasses, brought by the COVID-19 Pandemic to diversion roads, flyovers, and underpasses address the safety of passengers. as well as road widening shall be prioritized. Such as the STAR Tollway Northbound Water Resources bridges that will help in decongesting the expressway and connecting roads leading to Match available water to water usage. There Batangas Port. is a need to match available water to water usage (i.e. potable and non-potable) and The implementation of mass transport system explore alternative sources of water to shall be promoted. The modernization of the reduce pressure on the use of groundwater. commuter line and long railway system and Among the possible sources of non-potable the extension of Metro Manila’s light rail water are surface water, rainwater from transit in the Region shall be prioritized. roofs, storm water and reclaimed wastewater Support of the LGUs shall be encouraged while desalination may be considered to particularly in the clearing of right-of-way. produce potable water.

Continuous improvement and development Manaage Water Resources in a Changing of port facilities. Port facilities should be Climate. Climate change poses negative continuously developed and improved in impacts on water resources. The changing the Region to ensure that RoRo shipping temperature, evaporation, and precipitation transport remains a viable mode for brought by climate change increase the transporting people and goods particularly frequency of floods and droughts, and in the island municipalities of Quezon reduce river flows. There is a need to and Batangas. Furthermore, possible mitigate these negative impacts of climate alternate ports should be further studied. change to build a resilient community. For instance, the Calatagan Port is being considered as an alternate port to decongest The DOST, through the Philippine the Port of Batangas. In preparation, the site Atmospheric, Geophysical and development plan of the port shall be put Astronomical Services Administration, in place and the port delineation shall be observed El Niño in several provinces of extended to connect to the proposed road Luzon and Mindanao from September 2018 going to the Calatagan Port. Improvements to mid-January 2019. El Niño, triggered of port facilities will encourage locators and by periodic warming in the eastern Pacific assist in optimized port utilization. This will Ocean, could last from 5 months to 2 create economic opportunity for the Region years. This climate phenomenon generally and aid in decongesting the container results in reduced rainfall, and erratic terminals in Metro Manila. tropical cyclones. The country is expected to experience severe El Niño in 2022 and PPA to conduct intensive marketing weak El Niño in 2025. Thus, a Regional El campaign to maximize the use of Batangas Niño Task Force may be created to oversee Port. Moreover, modernization of its communities that will be affected by facilities and services such as establishment droughts and water shortages. of online booking features will contribute to improved services of the ports. There is a need to mitigate the negative impacts of flooding in the Region. Existing Ensure that safety measures are in place. flood control initiatives should be continued. Infrastructures have to follow the protocols The CALABARZON RDC created the and guidelines on the safe transportation of Flood Control-Technical Working Group goods under the “New Normal Situation” to prepare the terms of reference for the

266 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 conduct of the CALABARZON Flood Risk The Project is estimated to benefit a total Assessment Study. The Study will consider of 1,327 and 828 farmers in Quezon and a holistic and high level of economic, social Batangas, respectively. On the other hand, and environmental impacts which could the Macalelon Small Water Reservoir will result from flooding. The final output of the provide reliable and timely irrigation water Study will be a list of priority river basins supply to 830 hectares in 10 barangays in CALABARZON for master planning. of Macalelon and Lopez in Quezon. The The masterplan will serve as a basis in Reservoir is estimated to benefit 700 formulating policies and implementing farmers. The Quipot Irrigation and projects to mitigate flooding in the Region. Macalelon Small Reservoir Irrigation projects will be respectively completed in Full implementation of existing water policies 2021 and 2022. and programs. Republic Act No. 9275 or the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 Power and energy mandated the DPWH to prepare a National Sewerage and Septage Management Promotion of clean energy and energy Program (NSSMP). The DPWH in conservation. With the increasing coordination with local government population and demand for electricity, units shall formulate a framework plan it is necessary for the Region to harness to address various issues on sanitation, its renewable energy potential. Thus, the and treatment and disposal of wastewater. development and promotion of renewable The NSSMP provides 50 percent subsidy energy, thru the Renewable Energy Act for the total project cost of sewerage and of 2008, as source of clean energy in the septage projects. The target beneficiaries Region will be pursued. of Program include all cities and first class municipalities. However, disinterest and Furthermore, with the implementation of lack of technical and financial capability the Enhanced Community Quarantine in of local government units to implement Luzon due to the Pandemic COVID-19, sanitation projects remain an issue on the there is a need to identify mechanisms implementation of the Program. to stabilize electricity prices given the shutdown/slowdown of operations from Likewise, Republic Act No. 6716 or large companies and industries. Possible the Rainwater Collector and Springs electricity subsidies may be given to the Development Act of 1989 may be reinforced industries and individual households to to help alleviate water scarcity and drought cushion the impact of income losses. down to barangay level. The Energy Efficiency and Conservation Law Irrigation was enacted to standardize energy efficiency and conservation measures. The law will Expedite implementation of Major Irrigation regulate use of energy efficient technologies Projects. The implementation of major in buildings and will require the Energy irrigation projects such as the Quipot Conserving Design and mandate the Irrigation and Macalelon Small Reservoir crafting of Local Energy Efficiency and Irrigation should be fast tracked to ensure Conservation Plan before issuance of adequate irrigation water supply and building permits. sustain agricultural development in the Region. The Quipot Irrigation Project is Intensify household and sitio electrification. expected to irrigate over 2,800 hectares of Despite the increasing number of sitios and paddy fields during wet and dry season. households electrified since 2016, there are

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 267 still households in rural areas which were Enhance Regional Connectivity. With the not reached. The LGU’s utilization of ER proposal to establish the DICT’s GovNet 1-94 Fund will be facilitated to complement in the Region, linkages among government the other electrification programs offices and faster delivery of services is of government. expected. An integrated portal among government offices in the Region will Promote investments in power and energy ease access to information and services facilities. The continuous implementation available among the Region’s stakeholders, of the SMARTER Philippines Program of and foster efficient coordination among the DOST aims to leverage smart technologies government offices. and innovation, and promote development of the country in the sectors of governance, Strengthen risk communication system. jobs, industries, micro-small and medium National and Regional risk communication enterprises, farming, healthcare, scientists systems must be in place to ensure efficient and engineers, and climate change coordination among the concerned adaptations. The projects under this Program government offices, media partners, NGOs, are Project Nationwide Operational CSOs, and other interested groups. The Assessment of Hazards (NOAH) disaster risk communication system, as a crucial warning system and its biggest component, aspect of disaster management, will foster the Disaster Risk Exposure and Assessment knowledge sharing (i.e. hazard maps, for Mitigation-Light Detection and Ranging situational reports, economic implications) (Dream-Lidar) flood forecasting system; and facilitation of policy interventions the Integrated Government Philippine and decisions. (iGovPhil) project, which was rolled out in June 2019 or 2020 and seeks to integrate and Provide adequate communications interconnect the government’s ICT systems, infrastructure. In line with the mitigation Smarter Farms, and Smarter Healthcare. strategies towards the presence of disaster and crises such as the Taal Eruption ICT infrastructure and the COVID-19 Pandemic, there is a need to establish adequate physical and Ensure reliable internet sources are in place. communications infrastructure to channel With the implementation of the Enhanced information to the public. This will ensure Community Quarantine as a strategy that proper and correct warning alerts and to mitigate the spread of the Pandemic situational updates are communicated and COVID-19, Work from Home arrangements transmitted on time. This can also be used are being pursued. Hence, there is a need to for public health messaging. Furthermore, ensure reliable and secure internet services feedback mechanisms can also be integrated are in place. This requires a concerted effort in the system to provide the public a platform among telecommunication companies to relay their needs and concerns and for and internet providers in the country. them to reach the appropriate authorities With the emerging new-normal situation and/or offices. after the pandemic, the use of ICT will be maximized. This includes the possible Improve local ICT capacities to support increase in demand for online platforms knowledge-intensive industries. With the on the delivery of goods and services, creation of the DICT), the continued rolling- and possible shift to open and distance out of ICT infrastructures is expected to learning systems. continually increase coverage and reach rural areas and communities. A competitive ICT market will also be promoted at the

268 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 local level to improve service quality and Social infrastructure deficit shall continue reduce operating costs. to be addressed. Capacity of classrooms will be improved with the return of regular Moreover, continuous implementation classes to comply with the social distancing of DOST’s Small Enterprise Technology and other health guidelines in public Upgrading Program or SETUP will places. Strengthening ICT infrastructures encourage and assist MSMEs to adopt in communities will be instrumental in technological innovations in improving the smooth transition from traditional their operations and boost their education system to blended or alternative productivity and competitiveness. SETUP methods such as online and digital learning. provides fund for technology acquisition, With the anticipated increase in the number equipment, technical assistance and of school buildings and hospitals in the consultancy services, packaging and label Region, LGUs are also encouraged to update design, database information systems, their existing development plans and land and support for establishment of product use policies to be attuned with the New standards i.e. testing, and calibration Normal Situation in developing settlements of equipment. and avoid delays in the construction of these social infrastructures due to limited Social Infrastructure buildable space. LGUs should also be enjoined in the identification and donation Convergence in implementing infrastructure of available public spaces for government programs shall be strengthened. Primary social projects. social agencies such as the DepEd, DOH, DPWH, and DILG together with other Housing programs are necessary for the stakeholders should seamlessly work “BalikProbinsya” Program to succeed. together to allow the ease of access to Available and affordable housing will complementary facilities such as water and encourage urban dwellers to consider sanitation, health, electricity and internet moving to rural areas. Housing units will connection. The government must be able be provided with sufficient utilities such to strategically construct quality social as water and electricity, to promote proper infrastructure facilities not only through the sanitation within households. Families will collaboration of the national government also be encouraged to venture to backyard and local government units but also with gardening for another source of livelihood. the participation and partnerships of the Updating of land use plans shall also private sector. Data analytics should be consider the inclusion of logistic facilities utilized to ensure that social infrastructure and food terminals to ensure food security projects are planned, implemented and in times of need. operated efficiently and effectively. Funding for the construction and operation Social infrastructure in remote and rural of social infrastructures by the national and areas shall be prioritized. The government to local government units will continually prioritize social infrastructure investments increase in the medium-term to attain the in remote and rural areas, more specifically Plan development outcomes and addressed in geographically isolated and conflict- the current emerging issues. affected areas in the Region, to lessen the vulnerabilities of the poor households in the Expand existing plans and programs on the rural areas. implementation of health facilities in the Philippine Health Safety Development Plan. Under the Philippine Health Facilities

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 269 Development Plan (PHFDP) 2017 to Asset preservation ensured 2022, the delivery of affordable, accessible and quality health care facilities will be Greater emphasis shall be given on the continuously provided to the public. sustainability, safety and resilience of Upgrading of government hospitals and infrastructure facilities in the Region. health facilities will also be prioritized. Existing infrastructure assets need to be The Universal Health Care (UHC) preserved to ensure efficient delivery of Law or Republic Act No. 1123 shall be services to the people. strengthened to reduce of out-of-pocket expenditure for health and serve as an Climate change adaptation and disaster additional source of fund in support to the resilience of infrastructure facilities have to operations and maintenance of completed be observed. The government shall ensure HFEP projects in the community. At the that public infrastructures can withstand local level, the Local Government Code the effects of disaster and climate change. shall guide the LGUs in the allocation Logistics network of critical infrastructures and management of emergency funds to such as roads, bridges, ports and safeguard the community during public or communication shall be ensured in times of health emergencies. calamity and disasters.

In view of the country’s experience with Security of infrastructure facilities shall be the COVID-19 Pandemic, there is a need ensured. Security of critical infrastructures for additional government hospitals and from threats, such as, terrorist attacks must operational community health stations be ensured. Coordinated efforts among in the Region. Policies and investments agencies and private sector are encouraged programs should also be aligned with the to enhance the safety and security of expected increase in number of public infrastructure facilities. The use of state-of- infrastructures, including the improvement the art technologies will be explored and of equipment and manpower deployment in used for security purposes. the health facilities. Intensify infrastructure-related R&D Construction of Disaster-Resilient Infrastructure. Construction of social The government and the private sector shall infrastructure should always operate pursue programs on R&D to improve the within the context of “build-back-better”, development of infrastructure facilities. The assisted with the conduct of an effective R&D initiatives shall include, among others, infrastructure audit. Designs for proposed renewable energy, waste water treatment, multipurpose buildings shall adhere to solid waste management, modern the standards set by IATF and the DOH, transportation systems, disaster-resilient to include adequate basic utilities for infrastructures, and ICT applications under and allow for conversion to quarantine the New Normal Situation. facilities during health emergencies. This will minimize use of other community infrastructure as isolation centers such as schools and evacuation areas, which also serves other important functions.

270 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Major Programs and Projects Transport: and Cebu • Road and Bridge Widening Projects * San Juan, Batangas to Pola, Oriental • Bypass, Diversion and Tunnel Mindoro and Marinduque Road Projects • Road improvement projects Irrigation: • STAR Tollway-Pinamucan Bypass • Irrigation Dams Road Project • Rehabilitation and Restoration of • STAR Northbound Bridges Irrigation Systems • Sto. Tomas Flyover • Development of Small Scale and • Taal Lake Circumferential Road Community-based Reservoir • East-West Road Irrigation Projects • Atimonan-Mauban Road • General Nakar-Dingalan Road Water Supply: • Bataan-Cavite Interlink Bridge • New Centennial Water Source Project • Mindoro-Batangas Super Bridge • Bulk Water Supply Projects • East-West Bank Bridge • Establishment of Regional body for • DOT-DPWH Convergence Program Water Supply Subsector • DTI-DPWH ROLL-IT Program • Rainwater Harvesting and Water • Traffic Management Projects Impounding Projects • Motor Vehicle Inspection Centers • Development of Water Management Plan • Cavite-Laguna Expressway Project • SALINTUBIG • SLEX Toll Road 4 Project • Water supply Projects • Quezon-Bicol Expressway • Laguna Lakeshore Road Network Power and Energy: • Calamba-Los Baños-Bay • CW Home Depot Solar Power Project, Expressway Project Sta. Rosa City, Laguna • C6 Expressway Project • Asia Gas Biogas Power Plant • LRT 1 Cavite Extension Project Project, Batangas • LRT Line 2 East Extension • Sitio Electrification Program • LRT 6 Project • R&D for Pollution Control in Coal-Fired • East-West Rail Project Power Plants • North South Commuter Railway Project Social Infrastructure: • PNR South Long Haul Project • School Building Program • Drainage and Flood Control Projects • Last Mile Schools • Farm-to-Market Road Projects • Health Facilities Enhancement Program • Local/Barangay Roads Projects • Improvement and Development of Port Facilities • Strict implementation of Quality Management System (QMS) and Port Safety, Health and Environmental Management System (PSHEMS) • Calatagan Port Development • New RoRo Routes * Cavite to Mariveles, Bataan * Calatagan-Lubang-Coron * San Andres, Quezon to Masbate, Bicol

Chapter 19 Accelerating Infrastructure Development | 271 Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Senate Bill 1217 “ Water Regulatory Act” The proposed act aims to rationalize and streamline functions of various state agencies in terms of water regulation. The Act shall create a single agency to set policies on water supply, sewerage and septage management, issue licenses, and set, review or approve rates. House Bill 8086 “Department of Water, T h e a c t a i m s t o c o n s o l i d a t e t h e f u n c t i o n s o f t h e f o l l o w i n g a g e n c i e s : Irrigation, Sewage and Sanitation Resource a ) N a t i o n a l W a t e r R e s o u r c e s B o a r d ; b ) L o c a l W a t e r U t i l i t i e s Management Act of 2018” Administration; c) Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System; and d ) N a t i o n a l I r r i g a t i o n A d m i n i s t r a t i o n . T h e D e p a r t m e n t s h a l l p r o t e c t , c o n s e r v e , a n d m a n a g e w a t e r r e s o u r c e s i n c l u d i n g i t s o w n e r s h i p , appropriation, utilization and development. It shall also develop policies to improve universal access to safe, adequate, affordable and sustainable water supply, irrigation, sewage and sanitation services. On-line Network Establishment Philippines Act The Act aims to minimize the “digital divide” as well as speed up the setting up of a wireless communications technology in the country. Under this act, the state shall provide for a comprehensive policy for the creation and establishment of Information and Communications Technology Centre or an Information Communications Technology Hub, whichever is applicable, in every legislative district in the country. Open Access in Data Transmission Act The Open Access in Data Transmission Act aims to have better a c c e s s , m o r e a f f o r d a b l e , a s w e l l a s q u a l i t y d a t a t r a n s m i s s i o n s e r v i c e s b y p r o m o t i n g t h e s h a r i n g o f i n f r a s t r u c t u r e a n d r e s o u r c e s a m o n g service providers. Institutionalization of the 25% Reserve Study the institutionalization of the 25% reserve requirement which will Requirement for Power Supply ensure adequate supply of power and prevent power outages. Piso Para sa Kalikasan Act The proposed act aims to implement carbon tax of 1 peso per kilo of CO2 emission for household and residential consumption to promote use of green energy and encourage energy conservation. House Bill 8730 An Act requiring SUCs to prepare and implement a land use development and infrastructure plan. This will aid implementing agencies to address concerns on the economic cost of land and to increase available spaces for construction.

272 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 273 274 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment Fundamental to achieving sustainable development is the capacity of the environment to support the productive sector, livelihood, cultural activities, and human settlements and sustain its functions to provide the necessary ecosystem services (e.g., flood protection and sediment regulation). Hence, it is critical that conservation and protection measures are in place to ensure that human activities do not go beyond ecological limits. However, with the increasing population and intensified risks under a changing climate, the longstanding challenges on resource depletion and degradation are becoming more difficult to address especially in highly resource-dependent communities in the Region. Maintaining ecological integrity and improving the current state of the environment are among the critical drivers to achieve higher economic growth in the Region. Hence, prioritizing investments to related activities will enable a paradigm shift towards a balanced and inclusive growth for future generations. The management and overall performance of the environment and natural resources sector from 2017 to the first half of 2019 has improved. However, environmental quality has declined and disaster vulnerability and damage remain to be a challenge for the Region.

Assessment and Challenges

Sustained biodiversity and ashfall in various municipalities and cities within the Taal Volcano Protected functioning of ecosystem Landscape (TVPL). services In terms of area of mangroves planted, there Forest cover and watershed improved was an increase in mangrove forest extent but the area of forestland under effective from 5,751 hectares in 2010 to 6,584.25 management decreased The Region’shectares in 2018 which exceeded the target 570,913 hectare forest cover in 2010 was of 5,872 hectares for the same period. expected to increase 5,601 hectares in 2017, The same trend was observed in the area 5,560 hectares in 2018, and 25 hectares in of rehabilitated denuded and degraded 2019 planted with forest trees through the forestland from 20,970 hectares in 2016 to implementation of Enhanced National 33,926 hectares in 2018. The increasing trend Greening Program (ENGP). is attributed to the ENGP’s maintenance activities, seedling replacement, regular The eruption of Taal Volcano on January weeding, and watering. However, the area 2020, however, severely and partially of forestland under effective management damaged around 1,739 hectares of decreased from 36, 531 hectares in 2016 to established NGP plantations due to 34,172 hectares in 2018 due to the expiration

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 275 of the 25-year Stewardship Contract of one shows the summary of forest cover changes tenurial instrument under Community and forestland management in the Region Based Forest Management Agreement and as of 2018. eight other tenurial instruments. Table 20.1 Table 20.1 Forest Cover Changes and Forestland Management in CALABARZON, 2018

BASELINE TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS YEAR 2017 2018 2017 2018 Forest Cover increased (ha) 570,913 Increasing Increasing 5,601 (area 5,560 (area (2010) planted) planted) Area of Mangroves Planted (ha) 5,751 71 50 71 762.25 (2010) Area of denuded and degraded 20,970 3,583 4,843 5,601 7,355 forestland rehabilitated (ha) (2016) Area of forestland under effective 36,531 36,531 36,531 37,901 34,172 management (ha) (2016) Source: DENR IV-A Terrestrial and marine areas effectively and protection of critically endangered flora and equitably managed. The terrestrial protected fauna in key biodiverse areas of the Region. areas in the Region increased from 17 in 2017 to 19 in 2018 (Figure 20.1) due to The TVPL, in particular, needs an in-depth identification of additional protected areas biodiversity assessment to identify the under National Integrated Protected Areas impacts of the January 2020 Taal Volcano System (NIPAS) Act initial components. eruption and for effective management This further increased to 20 protected areas, interventions, which includes assessment 9 legislated protected areas and 11 protected of vegetation status and fish stocks, and areas under the initial components per presence of wildlife. NIPAS Act, by virtue of Republic Act No. 11038 or the Expanded NIPAS (ENIPAS). Classified caves managed by LGUs remained ENIPAS established 94 protected areas at 36 percent in 2018. The number was as national parks nationwide and maintained through the collaboration with effectively placed them under government the concerned local government units on management and protection. ENIPAS Law the development of a management plan. also expanded the composition of Protected This, however, decreased from 43 percent Area Management Management Boards. in 2017 (Table 20.2) due to priotization of It created a Protected Area Management caves per DENR Memorandum Circular. Office aimed at strengthening the management of protected areas. The Natural Quality of coastal and marine ecosystems Resource Conservation and Development maintained. Sustained quality of coastal Program of the DENR, which includes the and marine ecosystems in the Region was conduct of patrolling, IEC, biodiversity observed from 2016 to 2018 due to the monitoring system, management plan conduct of coastal cleanup and patrolling. development, caves and wetlands This resulted to better water quality that management, and ecotourism development, enabled the successful restocking of also contributed to the increase of protected giant clams. areas in the Region. Specific to biodiversity, the formulation of the Philippine Quality of wetlands and caves maintained. Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan 2015- Like the coastal and marine ecosystems, 2028 will further improve management and the quality of the wetland ecosystems in the

276 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 20.1 Geographic Distribution of Protected Areas in CALABARZON

Table 20.2 Status of Terrestrial and Marine Area Management in CALABARZON, 2018

BASELINE TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS 2016 2017 2018 2017 2018 Percentage of Terrestrial protected 100% 100% 100% 89% 100% areas (PAs) (19) (17) Percentage of classified caves 36% 36% 36% 43% 36% effectively and equitably managed by LGUs Quality of coastal and marine Coral reef: Maintained Maintained Maintained Maintained habitats improved (ha) Giant clams quality quality quality quality reseeded in 133.757 hectares Source: DENR IV-A Region was maintained. Table 20.3 shows The improvement may be attributed to the that the priority inland/wetland effectively prioritization of caves within protected areas managed in remained at eight hectares and the issuance of Memorandum Circular (two hectares in Batangas, five hectares in 2012-03, 2014-03, and 2015-08. Meanwhile, Laguna and one hectare in Quezon) from there were eight caves effectively managed 2016 to 2018 through the collaborative in 2018 found in the Provinces of Laguna efforts of the DENR IV-A and concerned and Quezon as seen in Table 20.4. LGUs in developing the management plan and the latter’s issuance of Sanggunian Beneficiaries with secured land tenure Resolution. The number, however, declined increased. There were 5,466 residential from 12 wetlands in 2017 due to DENR free patents in residential lands zoned as IV-A’s limited resources. residential areas issued to beneficiaries from 2017 to October 2019. This is less than the Caves with high conservation value 5,850 target for the same time period due to improved from five in 2016 to eight in 2018. low applications received by DENR Region

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 277 IV-A. On the other hand, there were 3,741 the implementation of land administration beneficiaries with secured land tenure in and management system (LAMS). However, public agricultural alienable and disposable maintaining the effective and efficient lands from 2017 to October 2019, as seen delivery of these services is a challenge in Table 5. This is higher than the 2,200 especially during a public health crisis such beneficiaries targeted for the same period. as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) The accomplishments may be attributed to pandemic experienced in 2020. the strengthening of the database through

Table 20.3 Caves with Approved Management in CALABARZON, 2018

BASELINE TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS 2016 2017 2018 2017 2018 Area of priority inland/wetland 8 6 4 12 8 effectively managed (ha) Management of caves with high 5 8 8 8 8 conservation value improved Number of caves (No data) 8 8 8 8 effectively managed Source: DENR IV-A

Table 20.4 Caves with Approved Management Plan in CALABARZON, 2018 CAVE LOCATION Butas Kabag 2 Cave Brgy. San Diego, Luisiana, Laguna Cave No. 2 (Mona Cave) Brgy. Danlagan Batis, Guinyanagan, Quezon Cave No.3 (Balete Cave) Cave No.4 (Twin Cave I) Cave No. 7 (Pavillion Cave) Cave No. 9 (Unnamed Cave) Cave No. 10 (Unnamed Cave) Malusak Cave Brgy. Malusak, Atimonan, Quezon Source: DENR IV-A

Land Administration and Management IV-A’s successful collaboration with improved through LAMS. The target of people’s organizations. However, the 14,000 surveys was likewise surpassed number of biodiversity-friendly enterprises as 17,690 were inspected, verified, and recognized remained at four from 2017 to approved through LAMS from 2017 to the first half of 2019, which means that the October 2019. The shift from manual to increasing target was not achieved. computerized processing through the implementation of LAMS is a major factor in Despite surpassing the target in 2017, the the increasing number of accomplishment 22 mid-term target for protected areas for survey approval. developed as ecotourism destinations was not met as only 13 were developed per DENR IV-A due to limited resources. This Meanwhile, jobs generated from is further aggravated by the Taal Volcano reforestation and non-timber/agroforestry eruption which damaged ecotourism enterprises increased from 8,194 in facilities and infrastructure in TVPL with 2016 to 16,829 as of the first half of 2019. an estimated cost of PhP 9 million. Likewise, This was accomplished through DENR the number of sites in Key Biodiversity

278 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Areas that serve as ecotourism destinations in 2018 from PhP 6,745,776 in 2016 due to was not achieved. Quezon Protected the intensified collection and appraisal of Landscape, Mts. Banahaw and San Cristobal foreshore areas. The Integrated Protected Protected Landscape, Taal Volcano Area Fund, however, decreased from PhP Protected Landscape, Mts. Palay-Palay and 9,260,011 in 2016 to PhP 8,394,872 in 2018 Mataas na Gulod Protected Landscape, due to the closure of Mts. Palay-Palay and Laguna Marsh, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, Mataas na Gulod Protected Landscape and Tayabas Bay are the 7 Key Biodiversity and non-collection in Hinulugang Taktak Areas that serve as ecotourism destinations Protected Landscape and Upper Marikina from 2016 to 2018. On the other hand, there River Basin Protected Landscape. are 4,958 hectares of agroforestry system adopted in 2017. This is in addition to the Table 20.6 shows the summary of the status 6,545 hectares recorded in 2016. of land administration and management in the Region as of June 2019. Meanwhile, income generated from foreshore areas increased to PhP 70,840,143

Table 20.5 Free Patents Issued to Beneficiaries in CALABARZON, 2019 BASE- TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS LINE 2016 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of residential free patents issued 2,969 2,550 1,700 1,600 2,238 1,944 1,284 (as of Oct) Number of beneficiaries with secured land tenure 1,532 1,000 620 580 1,366 1,114 991 in public agricultural A&D lands (as of Oct) Number of beneficiaries with secured land tenure 2,969 2,550 1,700 1,600 2,238 1,944 1,284 in residential lands zoned as residential areas (as of Oct) Source: DENR IV-A Table 20.6 Status of Land Administration and Management in CALABARZON , 2019 BASE- TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS LINE 2016 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Inspection, verification, and approval 78,722 6,000 4,000 4,000 6,336 6,271 5,083 of surveys through LAMS (as of October) Employment from ecotourism and 245 Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing resource-based industries increased Number of biodivesity-friendly n.d. Increasing Increasing 7 4 4 entrerprise recognized increased Jobs generated from 8,194 1058 Increasing Increasing 3540 2996 2,099 reforestation and non-timber/agro (as of June) forestry enterprises incresed Number of sites/ Protected areas 7 10 22 22 13 13 developed as ecotourism destinations Number of sites in Key 10 10 10 10 10 10 Biodiversity Areas that serve as ecotourism destinations Area of agroforestry system adopted 6,545 4,958 4,957 2,865 4,948 Increased income generated from 6,745,776 5% 5% 5% 18,702,789 70,840,143 increase increase increase foreshore areas (PhP) from 2016 from 2017 from 2018 Integrated Protected Area Fund (IPAF) 8,502,042 5% 5% 5% 2,564,473.75 2,600,129.75 1,184,273.98 increase increase increase increased (PhP) from 2016 from 2017 from 2018 Source: DENR IV-A

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 279 Environmental quality Standard or for food production use from 2016 to the first semester of 2019. Failure to Ambient air quality in three monitoring meet the target is due to high BOD, chloride, stations generally improved but data capture ammonia, and phosphate and very high from the stations must be continuously fecal coliform content, as seen in Table 20.8. improved. The Region has four air quality monitoring stations which are located in the Among the critical water bodies in the cities of Biñan and Santa Rosa in Laguna, Region is the Manila Bay. The overall ambient Antipolo in Rizal, and Indang in Cavite. water quality in the area did not meet the Class SB water quality parameter. The major In 2017, the City of Santa Rosa did not meet concerns include low dissolved oxygen that the 25 μg/NCM standard for atmospheric threatens the health of water bodies, huge particulate matters , recording an annual amount of fecal coliform content which average of 34.12 micrograms per normal necessitates water treatment facilities, and cubic meter of air (μg/NCM). The city still exceedance in the total suspended solids failed to pass the standard in 2018 despite (TSS), as seen in Table 20.9. improving to 27.59 μg/NCM. Air quality in the Cities of Antipolo and Biñan passed The water quality of major recreational the standard at 17.24 and 9.83 μg/NCM, water bodies in the Region also failed the respectively in 2018. SB Class Standard due to high fecal coliform content save for the sampling stations Meanwhile, air quality monitoring in Laiya, San Juan, Batangas as seen in for the first semester of 2019 shows Table 20.10. the cities of Biñan and Santa Rosa are within the standard at 18.74 and 10.35 Another critical water body in the Region is μg/NCM, respectively. Laguna Lake, the largest lake in the country. From 4.67 mg/L in 2015, average BOD The Enhanced Community Quarantine levels of the lake from 2017 up to the first in Luzon imposed on March 2020 due semester of 2019 are within the standard to the COVID-19 pandemic, may have of less than 7 mg/L as seen in Table 20.11. significantly reduced air pollution and The lake has a total of 7,647.39 hectares of improved air quality in several areas in aquaculture area as of the first semester of the Region. The drop in criteria pollutants 2019, which is well within the 9,200 hectare such as particulate matters and sulfur and carrying capacity of the Laguna Lake. nitrogen oxides, among others, has helped Meanwhile, the 1,000 hectares of Laguna clear the air and eventually may have Lake basin planted with seedlings until 2018 positive health impacts to the people. was not met since most of the critical areas are privately owned properties; hence, there is a need to identify additional planting sites Water quality of major water bodies failed in coordination with the LGUs. to meet Class C and SB standards. Most of the critical water bodies including the In terms of water quality management areas 11 priority river systems, Manila Bay, (WQMAs), the targets from 2017 to the first and Matabungkay, Lemery, and Nasugbu semester of 2019 was met. From 1 WQMA Beaches did not meet the targeted water (Imus- Ylang ylang- Rio Grande Rivers quality standards (Tables 20.8-20.11). WQMA) in 2016, the Region now has three operational WQMAs with the addition of The Region’s priority river systems failed to Cañas-Maalimango Rivers WQMA and meet water quality guidelines for Class C Iyam-Dumacaa River System WQMA.

280 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 20.7 Ambient Air Quality in Three Urban Areas of CALABARZON, 2017-2018 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (PM2.5, ANNUAL) URBAN AREAS/STATIONS Standard 2017 2018 2019 (1st Sem) μg/NCM μg/NCM μg/NCM μg/NCM Antipolo 25 No reading 17.24 No reading Biñan City Incomplete reading 9.83 18.74 Santa Rosa City 34.12 27.59 10.35 Source:DENR-EMB IV-A Table 20.8 Water Quality of Priority River Systems in CALABARZON

FC T RIVER BOD CHLORIDE COLOR DO NH3-N PO43- o TSS MG/L MPN/100 pH C SYSTEM YEAR MG/L TCU MG/L ML MG/L MG/L MG/L (PROVINCE) 7 350 75 5 200 0.05 6.5-9.0 0.5 25-32 110 Imus 2017 15.53 181.425 32.25 5.41 1,456,530 1.499 7.92 1.208 43.84 (Cavite) 2018 10.25 123 8.13 5.41 480,101 3.965 7.80 1.434 19.81 2019* 14.58 372.67 25.98 4.402 1,356,914 7.419 7.50 1.67 199.6 Ylang-Ylang 2017 62.25 93.65 78.25 4.62 56,265 0.62 7.8 0.95 96.1 (Cavite) 2018 122.1 468 257.00 5.00 280,001 1.915 7.69 1.669 976.7 2019* 161 656.667 14.167 4.187 315,423 1.185 7.63 1.488 28 141.4 Rio Grande 2017 8.71 12.75 21.07 5.96 1,689,669 0.043 7.56 0.83 68.75 (Cavite) 2018 6.00 26.32 9.82 6.07 1,029,080 1.122 8.04 1.499 20.86 2019* 8.048 56.786 11.786 5.450 284,130. 2.338 7.80 1.292 28.8 18.74 Cañas 2017 7.67 1,031 29.46 5.43 449,149 0.27 8.01 1.36 24.63 (Cavite) 2018 6.08 956 9.17 5.63 211,769 0.169 7.99 0.790 10.50 2019* 7.61 1,024.333 8.75 5.486 583,528 0.379 7.65 1.4618 26.6 49.86 Iyam 2017 48.5 464 14.2 4.6 421,575 0.088 7.6 0.237 15 (Quezon) 2018 10 216 8 5.2 185,396 0.207 8.0 0.274 28 15

2019* 12.889 883 11.667 3.533 409,905.3 7.191 0.325 29.33 13.556

Dumacaa 2017 2.9 625 16.3 6.5 45,392 0.086 7.7 0.334 15.2 (Quezon) 2018 4 692 8 6.7 74,640 1.101 8.1 0.468 28 16 2019* 2.53 287.67 12 5.30 29,152.19 7.25 0.42 29.20 10.67 Calumpang 2017 17.1 17 4.9 73,683 2.244 8.0 2.995 16 (Batangas) 2018 22.3 7,304 8 5.0 35,543 1.908 8.0 1.834 12 2019* 11.50 220.17 8.33 5.95 170 7.37 2.08 29.3 18.17 Pansipit 2017 4.3 10 6.6 4,963 0.014 8.1 0.645 16 (Batangas) 2018 4.0 332 5 6.2 3,926 0.015 7.7 0.658 27.1 13 2019* 3.0 87 5 6.5 37,125 6.8 0.788 28 15 Maragondon 2018 2.58 1,157 5.83 7.91 27,701 0.086 7.80 0.490 95.17 (Cavite) 2019* 5 1,227 10 6.6 8,132 7.5 0.37 28 23 Labac 2018 6 2,254 5 6.0 100,929 0.681 7.6 1.018 28.3 71 (Cavite) 2019* 9 456 15 5.9 25,344 7.3 0.88 28 35

Timalan 2018 5.8 4,836 6 6.6 66,272 0.246 7.5 0.750 28.5 137 (Cavite) 2019* 4 50 10 6 1,284 7.4 0.27 28 12

Obispo 2018 3.8 1,499 6 5.9 25,540 0.447 8.0 0.871 28.5 179 (Cavite) 2019* 8 62 10 4.3 95,066 7.3 0.74 28 12 Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 281 Table 20.9 Water Quality in 10 Sampling Stations Along Manila Bay

T COLOR FC NH3-N PO43- DO MG/L MPN/100 pH oC TSS MG/L SAMPLING STATION YEAR TCU ML MG/L MG/L

50 6 100 0.05 7.0-8.5 0.5 26-30 50 Bacoor Beach 2017 47.25 5.71 173,875.60 1.79 7.75 1.10 22.25 2018 22.50 5.48 4,709.66 0.99 8.40 0.42 28.49 24.50 2019 7.50 4.42 9,228.08 0.44 7.40 0.22 29.33 Lido Beach 2017 49.83 5.88 2,419.95 0.07 7.93 0.21 70.92 2018 7.92 5.15 7,294.87 0.09 8.07 0.16 28.04 49.08 2019 6.67 5.63 2,423.95 0.03 7.48 0.08 64.67 Villamar I 2017 28.75 5.93 3,271.07 0.08 7.82 0.15 64.67 2018 8.75 6.01 1,972.54 0.09 7.95 0.12 27.67 47.92 2019 6.67 5.52 5,711.53 0.04 7.57 0.09 77.33 Celebrity 32.08 5.57 20,615.21 0.21 7.80 0.31 84.75 84.75 8.75 5.78 18,545.34 0.21 7.95 0.16 28.19 67.00 67.00 9.17 5.68 17,029.41 0.09 7.16 0.10 124.33 124.33 Garden Coast 65.42 6.14 1,308.96 0.08 8.09 0.21 116.50 116.50 7.50 5.95 2,148.76 0.07 7.97 0.21 28.31 75.83 75.83 6.67 5.77 2,658.99 0.03 7.14 0.06 111.50 111.50 Costa Eugenia 75.83 6.15 1,011.00 0.09 7.94 0.17 100.17 100.17 10.42 6.53 3,167.07 0.07 7.79 0.16 28.23 68.75 68.75 6.67 6.03 1,577.90 0.06 7.38 0.06 80.83 80.83 Villa Criselda 37.50 6.13 2,328.61 0.09 7.95 0.21 106.42 106.42 7.50 6.37 3,315.64 0.12 8.03 0.17 27.59 122.33 122.33 7.50 5.85 1,627.12 0.04 7.51 0.09 90.00 90.00 Antonio’s Hide- 2017 42.67 6.19 950.98 0.05 7.97 0.15 90.42 away 2018 5.45 6.48 432.12 0.11 7.74 0.20 28.26 75.73 2019 5.83 6.25 197.47 0.08 7.36 0.09 107.67

Daloroy’s Beach 2017 32.08 6.25 736.89 0.05 7.91 0.14 82.17 Resort 2018 5.00 6.58 905.00 0.05 7.39 0.12 27.89 83.92

2019 5.83 6.10 87.80 0.02 7.30 0.06 73.83 Bucana Malaki 2017 108.00 6.16 1,730.25 0.08 7.66 0.16 108.70 2018 7.08 6.20 973.21 0.11 7.79 0.18 28.50 125.33 2019 6.67 6.17 1,529.20 0.15 7.38 0.10 135.00 Villa Excellance 2017 23.50 6.06 4091.25 0.07 7.73 0.14 65.40 2018 9.17 6.45 969.01 0.08 8.15 0.17 28.06 64.75 2019 7.50 6.22 1,137.91 0.04 7.03 0.08 113.17 Dalahican 2017 32.00 4.71 31,100.04 0.29 7.89 0.20 41.10 2018 7.92 8.14 66,279.65 0.31 8.14 0.19 27.87 47.92 2019 6.67 4.33 23,392.53 0.44 7.32 0.17 135.83 Mount Sea Resort 2017 62.50 5.56 18,425.07 0.15 7.65 0.31 73.00 2018 7.92 8.35 17,418.37 0.36 8.35 0.37 28.67 131.58 2019 7.50 5.10 58,929.36 0.32 7.36 0.31 98.33 Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

282 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 20.10 Water Quality Sampling Stations in Selected Recreational Water Bodies in CALABARZON FC pH PO43- MG/L SAMPLING STATION YEAR MPN/100 ML 100 7.0-8.5 0.5 Laiya 2017 2018 15.67 8.0 0.033 2019 47.12 7.3 0.021 Nasugbu 2017 2018 443.44 7.8 0.063 2019 488.80 7.5 0.033 Matabungkay 2017 2018 1701.49 7.9 0.024 2019 256.09 7.7 0.021 Lemery 2017 2018 259.25 7.8 0.108 2019 412.27 6.9 0.049 Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

Table 20.11 Average BOD Level of Laguna Lake from 2017-2019 Average BOD Level (mg/L) YEAR Standard: <7 mg/L 2015 (Baseline) 4.67 2017 3.15 2018 2 2019* 3 Source: Laguna Lake Development Authority

Poor quality of air and water are linked to purposes essential to everyday living (i.e., diseases (e.g., respiratory illnesses) which drinking water, industrial, agriculture). increases the people’s risk/vulnerability to Process wastewater from hospitals/medical contracting viral and bacterial infections. facilities, in particular, has higher potential Pathogens/viruses may contaminate air and to be contaminated with pathogens, water bodies which can facilitate advanced nonetheless, wastewater from commercial transmission to a wider number of people and industrial establishments should be in a short span of time if no proper included considering that this can also intervention is undertaken by the private be contaminated. and government sectors. Solid waste management improved but Any raw or undertreated process diversion rate targets remained unmet. In wastewater from commercial, industrial, terms of solid waste management, the institutional establishments, hospitals or Region achieved most of its targets healthcare establishments and sewage (Table 20.14). The number of closed discharged into the water bodies may and rehabilitated open dumpsites and exacerbate contraction and spread of the controlled dump facilities increased from 8 virus. Worst case is when the virus thrived in 2016 to 28 as of the first semester of 2019. in waterbodies (e.g. rivers and lakes) will Likewise, the number of sanitary landfills contaminate the water supply for various in the Region increased from 23 in 2016

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 283 to 37 in the first half of 2019. Among the To address the improper disposal of medical provinces, Quezon has the most number of or pathological wastes from hospitals or sanitary landfill at 15 as seen in Table 20.12. healthcare establishments, it is necessary Accomplishment of targets in closed and that proper coordination be done by these rehabilitated open and controlled dump establishments with registered transporters facilities and establishment of sanitary and Treatment, Storage, and Disposal landfills is due to DENR-EMB’s provision of (TSD) Facilities. financial and technical assistance to LGUs. Also, hazardous wastes from the households Meanwchile, LGUs with approved 10- must be disposed, segregated and properly year Solid Waste Management Plan also labelled for the protection of garbage increased from 51 in 2016 to 93 by the haulers from infectious diseases. The middle of 2019 due to strict compliance of Local Government Units must ensure that LGUs. Table 20.13 shows that the Province hazardous or special wastes undergo proper of Laguna is the top performing province treatment and are disposed in appropriate in the Region with 88 percent of its cities sanitary landfills that accept/handle treated and municipalities with approved Solid special/pathological wastes. Information, Waste Management Development Plans. education and communication on proper Likewise, LGU compliance with RA 9003 handling of hazardous wastes in the greatly increased from 16 percent in 2016 to households should also be conducted by 68 percent in the first semester of 2019 due the LGUs. to frequesnt monitoring of DENR-EMB. On the other hand, solid waste generation Meanwhile, despite the increasing trend in has exhibited a significant decrease the solid waste diversion rate from 2017 to in volume which may be attributed to 2019, the Region’s performance declined the closure of establishments or non- from 46 percent in 2016 to 38 percent essential services and limited operation in 2019. of markets during the enhanced community quarantine. Relative to the COVID-19 pandemic, the challenge is the increase in the generation Nevertheless, when both solid and of medical and hazardous wastes (i.e., pathological wastes are improperly disposed, infectious wastes such as used face masks, there is a greater risk of exposure to diseases gloves, and other protective equipment, and could cause widespread transmission of testing kits, syringes, tissues etc.) in virus at a short period of time. health care facilities, and even at the household level.

Table 20.12 Total Sanitary Landfills in CALABARZON, 2019 PROVINCE 2017 2018 2019 TOTAL SANITARY LANDFILLS Batangas 7 1 - 8 Cavite 3 - - 3 Laguna 8 - - 8 Quezon 12 - 3 15 Rizal 3 - - 3 TOTAL 33 1 3 37 Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

284 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Figure 20.2 Map of Environmental Quality Monitoring Stations

Table 20.13 10-year Solid Waste Management Plan Compliance in CALABARZON APPROVED 10-YR SOLID WASTE PROPORTION TO TOTAL NUMBER PROVINCE 2017 2018 MANAGEMENT PLAN AS OF 2018 OF CITIES/MUNICIPALITIES Batangas 14 8 22 65% Cavite 20 2 22 65% Laguna 30 - 30 88% Quezon 2 3 5 15% Rizal 14 - 14 41% TOTAL 80 13 93 65% Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

Table 20.14 Status of Solid Waste Management in CALABARZON BASE- TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS LINE 2016 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of Closed and rehabilitated open 8 8 14 10 10 24 28 dumpsites (OD) and controlled dump facilities (CDF) increased to decreasing rate Number of Sanitary Landfills increased 23 23 25 25 33 34 37 including the baseline data LGUs with approved 10-year SWM plan 51 64 80 87 80 93 93 increased including the baseline data Percentage compliance of LGUs to RA 16% 21% 25% 27% 50% 63% 68% 9003 (e.g. SWMP, MRF, & closure of dumpsites) increased Solid waste diversion rate increased 46% 46% 49% 52% 34% 37% 38% Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 285 Increased adaptive of casualties due to human-induced events, however, increased from 525 in 2017 to capacities and resilience 1,135 in 2018. The casualties were caused by of ecosystems self-inflicted incidents.

The adaptive capacities and resilience of Meanwhile, an emerging challenge in the ecosystems in the Region improved. Out Region is responding to multiple hazard- of 147 LGUs in the Region, 67 have fully events (i.e. Taal Volcano eruption, African functional DRRM operation centers as of Swine Fever outbreak, and the COVID-19 2018. In addition, there are 3,831 identified pandemic) occurring simultaneously. possible evacuation centers in the Region. A case in point is the reported cases of Moreover, the number of LGUs with Local ASF in Batangas which was suspected Climate Change Action Plans increased from foodwastes in evacuation centers form 92 in 2018 to 97 in 2018. of Taal Volcano eruption. In addition, social distancing is not factored in disaster Casualties due to natural disasters decreased management (e.g. evacuation centers), from 45 in 2017 to 28 in 2018 due to disaster which makes the COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and the capacity building more difficult to manage due to impact programs. These programs include training to critical lifelines (e.g. water, relief of 714 individuals on DRRM. The number goods, etc.).

Table 20.15 Indicators, Targets, and Accomplishments for Adaptive Capacity and Resilience in CALABARZON

BASELINE TARGET ACCOMPLISHMENT INDICATORS 2016 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Number of reviewed CC/DRRM CLUP: 37; Increasing Increasing Increasing enhanced plans increased (CLUP, CDP, CDP: 68; LDRRMP, LCCAP) LDRRMP: 134; LCCAP: 92 97 Percentage of LGUs with (No data) Increasing Increasing Increasing 67 institutionalized and fully operational DRRM Office increased Number of established climate/ (No data) Increasing Increasing Increasing 3,831 disaster resilient evacuation centers Loss of lives and causalities due to (No data) Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing natural disasters and meteorological Natural Disaster 45 28 events, environmental hazards, and Human-induced 525 1,135 human-induced events reduced Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

286 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Action Plan

Strategic Framework the overall sectoral outcome, three major strategies or outcomes will be pursued, The main outcome for the sector is to namely: a) Biodiversity and functioning ensure ecological integrity and to improve of ecosystem services sustained; b) the socio-economic conditions of resource- Environmental quality improved; and based communities through sustainable c) Adaptive capacities and resilience of integrated area development. In support of ecosystems increased.

Figure 20.3 Strategic Framework to Ensure Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment

Targets Realization of these targets would mean preservation of watersheds and protected Plan targets for the remaining period, 2020 areas, effectively and equitably managed to 2022, still focus on maintaining the resources, air and water quality within the integrity of biodiversity and functioning prescribed standards, strict compliance to of ecosystem services, improving the RA 9003 and solid waste management plans, environmental quality, and increasing and religious implementation of climate the adaptive capacity and resilience change and disaster risk and reduction of ecosystems. management enhanced plans.

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 287 Table 20.16 Plan Targets to Ensure Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Forest and watershed Forest Cover increased (ha) Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing DENR Area of Mangroves Planted (in Hectare) 50 50 50 50 DENR Area of denuded and degraded forestland 3,250 3,150 3,050 1,350 DENR rehabilitated (in Hectares) Area of forestland under effective management 36,531 36,531 36,531 36,531 DENR (in Hectares) Percentage of terrestrial, inland water and coastal and marine areas effectively and equitably managed Percentage of Terrestrial protected areas (PAs) 100% 100% 100% 100% DENR Area of degraded coral reefs within NIPAS marine 9 sites 10 sites 11 sites 12 sites DENR PA rehabilitated and protected within local MPA (ha) Percentage of classified caves effectively and 27% 27% 27% 27% DENR equitably managed by LGUs Coastal and Marine Quality of coastal and marine habitats improved Maintained Improving Improving Improving DENR (in ha) quality quality quality quality Proportion of coastal cities and municipalities increasing increasing increasing increasing with ICM plan Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine increasing increasing increasing increasing areas increased Area of terrestrial protected areas with high 2 2 2 2 DENR biodiversity values effectively managed (in ha) Wetlands (inland, coastal and caves) Area of priority inland/wetland effectively 6 5 5 5 DENR managed (in ha) Management of caves with high conservation 6 6 6 6 DENR value improved Number of caves effectively managed 6 6 6 6 DENR Lands Number of residential free patents issued 1600 1610 1380 1110 DENR Number of beneficiaries with secured land tenure 580 240 350 350 DENR in public agricultural A&D lands Number of beneficiaries with secured land tenure 1,600 1,610 1,380 1,110 DENR in residential lands zoned as residential areas Land Administration and Management improved through LAMS (quality and titling) a. Number of Lots/patents issued 2,226 1,890 1,901 1,506 b. Inspection, verification and approval of 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 surveys through LAMS Employment from ecotourism and Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing DENR resource-based industries increased Number of biodiversity-friendly enterprise Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing DENR recognized increased. Jobs generated from reforestation and Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing non-timber/agro forestry enterprises (NGP,CBFM,) increased Number of sites/ Protected areas developed as 22 22 22 22 DENR ecotourism destinations

288 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Number of sites in Key Biodiversity Areas that 10 10 10 10 DENR serve as ecotourism destinations Area of agroforestry system adopted 2,865 2,865 2,865 7,165 DENR Increased income generated from foreshore 5% increase 5% increase 5% increase 5% increase DENR areas (PhP) from 2018 from 2019 from 2020 from 2021 Integrated Protected Area Fund (IPAF) 5% increase 5% increase 5% increase 5% increase DENR increased (PhP) from 2018 from 2019 from 2020 from 2021 Air Quality Percentage of urban areas with air quality 100% 100% 100% 100% EMB within ambient air quality guideline value/ standard increased Number of urban areas with air quality stations 4 4 5 5 EMB (PM 10/2.5, DOAS) increased Water Quality Water quality of priority river systems within water quality guideline value/standard (10 parameters: BOD5, NH3-N, CL, Color, DO, pH, PO4, TSS, Fecal Coliform and Temperature) a) Imus River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB b) Ylang-Ylang River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB c) Rio Grande River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB d) Cañas River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB e) Iyam-Dumacaa River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB f) Calumpang River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB g) Pansipit River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB h) Maragondon River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB i) Labac River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB j) Timalan River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB k) Obispo River Class C Class C Class C Class C EMB Water quality of sampling stations in Manila Bay within water quality guideline value/standard (8 parameters: fecal coliform, color, DO, pH, TSS, Temperature, Phosphate, NH3-N) a) Bacoor beach Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB b) Lido Beach Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB c) Villamar I Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB d) San Isidro Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB e) Celebrity Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB f) Garden Coast Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB g) CoastaEuegenia Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB h) Villa Criselda Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB i) Antonio’s Hideaway Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB j) Daloroy’s beach resort Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB k) Bucana Malaki Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB l) Villa Excellance Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB m) Dalahican (Brgy. 8) Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB n) Mount Sea Resort Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB Water quality of recreational water body within water quality guideline value/standard (8 parameters: fecal coliform, color, DO, pH, TSS, Temperature, Phosphate, NH3-N) a) Laiya Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 289 BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET 2019 RESPONSIBLE INDICATORS AGENCY VALUE 2020 2021 2022 b) Nasugbu Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB c) Matabungkay Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB d) Lemery Class SB Class SB Class SB Class SB EMB Percentage of priority water bodies within the 100% 100% 100% 100% EMB water quality guidelines increased Number of established and operational water 3 3 3 3 EMB quality management areas (WQMAs) increased Sustain average BOD level of Laguna Lake within <7 mg/L <7 mg/L <7 mg/L <7 mg/L LLDA standard of <7 mg/L Total aquaculture structure area within Laguna <9,200 ha <9,200 ha <9,200 ha <9,200 ha LLDA Lake’s carrying capacity Areas of planted seedlings in Laguna lake 100 100 100 100 LLDA basin (ha) Solid Wastes Number of Closed and rehabilitated open 10 8 8 6 EMB dumpsites (OD) and controlled dump facilities (CDF) increased to decreasing rate Number of Sanitary Landfills increased including 25 25 25 25 EMB the baseline data LGUs with approved 10-year SWM plan 87 90 95 100 EMB increased including the baseline data Percentage compliance of LGUs to RA 9003 (e.g. 27% 29% 31% 33% EMB SWMP, MRF, & closure of dumpsites) increased Solid waste diversion rate increased 52% 55% 58% 61% EMB Number of reviewed CC/DRRM enhanced (2016) Increasing Increasing 100% plans increased (including CLUP (HLURB) CLUP: 37; provinces, if HLURB CDP (DILG) CDP: 68; applicable) DILG LDRRMP (OCD) LDRRMP: 134; OCD LCCAP (CCC) LCCAP: 92 CCC Percentage of LGUs with institutionalized and fully operational DRRM Office increased Number of established climate/disaster resilient Increasing Increasing Increasing 100% OCD evacuation centers Reduced annual damages and losses due Increasing Increasing Increasing Increasing OCD to natural disasters and meteorological events, environmental hazards, and human- induced events Loss of lives and causalities due to natural Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing RDRRMC disasters and meteorological events, thru OCD environmental hazards, and human-induced events reduced Number of LGUs/ individuals trained on RDRRMC DRRM increased thru OCD Number of LGUs with operating early warnig systems (EWS) in place

290 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Strategies that zoning ordinance is approved and strictly enforced Biodiversity and functioning of • Complete delineation of final forest limits to identify areas for protection ecosystem services sustained and production Intensify protection and sustainable Coastal and Marine areas management of forest, watershed, coastal and marine and land through adoption of • Improve management and protection ridge-to-reef approach through regular policing and patrolling activities within marine protected areas, Forests and Watershed activation of marine protected areas network, preparation of marine protected • Continue the rehabilitation of degraded areas management plans, capacity forestlands, critical watersheds and major building for local governments on the river basins through the reforestation establishment and expansion of MPAs, efforts under DENR’s Enhanced National and identification of fish sanctuaries Greening Program • Implement integrated coastal and marine • Enhance NGP/private tree plantations resources management (for mangroves, using endemic or indigenous species coral reefs, sea grass, etc.) including the with nitrogen-fixing and carbon conduct of coastal resource mapping sequestration potentials for production and assessment and rehabilitation purposes, and extend • Complete delineation/delimitation and technical assistance to other parties zoning of municipal waters especially engaged in tree plantation among LGUs with overlapping • Strengthen the protection of natural and jurisdiction. Mapping and zoning of rehabilitated forest, effective and foreshore areas into production and • management areas and key biodiversity protection areas will be also be pursued to areas through shared governance ensure fisheries sustainability and closer coordination with local • Complete coastal resource mapping governments, indigenous and local and vulnerability assessment based on communities, CSOs and private sector. satellite images and appropriate ground For example, CSOs can be engaged in validation activities site development, management and monitoring, and partnerships with Land businesses for area management • Adopt the ridge-to-reef approach • Issue appropriate tenure and management in the development, review, and instruments in the protection, implementation of development conservation, rehabilitation and activities, and environment protection development of forestlands and protected and conservation efforts to take into areas. Secured land titles will also be account the interconnectivity of upland continuously provided to beneficiaries and downstream ecosystems in public agricultural alienable and • Fast-track the completion and/ disposable lands and areas zoned or updating of all CLUPs, CDPs, as residential LDRRMPs, and LCCAPs in the Region • Issue Certificates of Ancestral Domain especially for highly urbanized areas Title (CADT) to indigenous peoples and cities and ensure that these are to support their economic and DRR/CCA enhanced and have adequate cultural activities environmental protection measures, and

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 291 • Improve land administration and activities: a) identification of tourism management through the computerization destinations and products and promoting of land titling and related services, them to domestic and international updating and sharing of land resources markets; b) diversification of existing information and capacity building of destinations and creation of new practitioners down to the LGU level tourism areas, products, and services using community-based ecotourism Wetlands approaches; and c) formulation and implementation of cluster tourism master Improve the management of priority plans in identified tourism development caves and wetlands through the strict areas to maximize tourism assets and implementation of regulations, management economic benefits plans and advocacy of sustainable practices • Promote sustainable forest-based industries. The development of Urban biodiversity commercial forest plantations within applicable areas will be guided by the Promote the establishment of more green Region’s comparative advantage in terms spaces in urban areas to improve the air of timber production quality, and micro-climate in the area that • Adopt agroforestry system by providing will also serve as an affordable and accessible assistance to upland farmers, particularly socialization area in neighborhoods tenure holders, in developing agroforestry contributing to better environmental, health farms, which include installation of soil and social quality of life for urban residents. and water conservation measures and the establishment of partnerships with private Water resource investors to increase the competitiveness of goods and services in the market Improve management of water resources • Promote sustainable marine-based (i.e. inventory of available groundwater) industries to achieve a blue economy. and promote responsible and sustainable These industries include: a) sustainable water consuption fisheries and aquaculture; b) ocean energy, offshore and gas exploration; c) shipping/ Expand the development of ecotourism marine transportation and shipbuilding; sites and resource-based enterprises and d) eco-tourism, among others or industries to provide employment, • Adopt biodiversity-friendly enterprises alternative source of livelihood and and practices in agriculture through increased income for local communities capacity building and better access to available technologies • Promote and develop ecotourism sites in • Improve the system of collection of the Region particularly upland, coastal, appropriate fees and fines in areas wetlands and caves destinations that will covered by tenure (e.g. foreshore lease provide alternative sources of income and areas, SAPA, etc.) to increase revenue allow private and public investments to collected from the use of these resources come to rural and coastal communities. which can be utilized by the government Both the government and the private to sustain management activities of sector can provide assistance in eco- natural resources tourism site development, which includes the establishment and maintenance of Conserve and promote biodiversity ecotourism facilities through: a) protection of threatened • Conduct the following supporting and endemic species; b) prevention,

292 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 control, and eradication of invasive alien emission testing centers will also species; c) conduct of scientific studies be pursued and regular monitoring of biodiversity • Promote EST (Environmentally population and habitats; and d) conduct of Sustainable Transport) including efficient environmental protection/conservation mass transport system and clean fuels awareness orientations in schools, local • Provide support for research and communities and among tourists development of clean technologies and strengthen the adoption of green Continue the monitoring of Permanent technologies and increased investments Biodiversity Monitoring Areas. Data of the private sector gathering and statistical analysis are • Strengthen coordination with LGUs and necessary activity to establish historical data sharing of data acquired from the ambient that will be used for effective biodiversity air quality stations which may serve as conservation planning and programming. basis in the formulation of LGUs plans and programs Encourage the participation of civil • Deploy mobile air samplers in strategic society, private sector, indigenous and areas in the Region to capture sufficient local communities in the management of air quality data natural resources Water quality management Cascade implementation of the PBSAP into RBSAP and fast track mainstreaming • Establish and maintain the required at the PA level number of water quality monitoring stations in major water bodies in Environmental quality improved the Region • Regularly monitor industries and water Strengthen the enforcement of and sewage treatment plants, ensure that environmental laws and ensure conformity they conform to water quality standards with environmental standards and enforce necessary sanctions for violators Air quality management • Strengthen pollution control from domestic and agriculture sources that are • Establish and maintain the required mostly unregulated and have become the number of air quality monitoring stations major sources of water pollution especially in major urban centers in • Establish and operationalize more the Region WQMAs in the Region to implement • Regularly monitor industries particularly high-impact projects such as waste those with high potential for air pollution, treatment, disposal, resettlement and ensure that they conform to air quality infrastructure projects to improve water standards, and enforce necessary quality. Capacity building of WQMA sanctions for violators members and resource mobilization will • Strengthen the enforcement of anti-smoke also be pursued to ensure sustainability of belching campaign and vehicle emission planned activities testing through increasing the number of • Revitalize and form river armies in local personnel and the quality and quantity governments and conduct regular locally- of necessary equipment/ facilities. The initiated river and coastal clean-ups establishment of more government- • Regularly monitor water quality of major owned motor vehicle inspection centers rivers per province and establish local and the regular monitoring of private government- run laboratories on water

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 293 quality testing. To ensure the safety of departments on environmental laws and the personnel conducting water quality incentives for hosting sanitary landfills monitoring, coordination with the Mines will also be regularly conducted and Geosciences Bureau and PHILVOLCS • Provide technical assistance and capacitate is needed to provide their technical LGUs on: a) the formulating solid waste assessment on the current condition of management plans; b) identifying, the areas. establishing, operating and maintaining • Strictly enforce easement of structures in solid waste technologies and facilities; lakes, rivers and coastal areas and c) identifying possible revenue • Survey informal settlers especially those generating schemes to sustain solid along water bodies, identify relocation waste management facilities. Financial sites, and relocate them in low cost assistance can also be provided by the housing with proper septage facilities government through existing programs • Study and enforce the maximum carrying and projects capacity of fish cages and fish stocks in • Increase LGU compliance to R.A. 9003 and major lakes (e.g. Laguna lake, Taal lake) LGU investment in waste management in the Region system and facilities in combination with • Regularly monitor the ground water public and private funding extraction and quality to ensure adequate • Promote clustering of sanitary landfill and water supply and water quality/potability solid waste management technologies to • Implement stringent wastewater address its large capital requirement and management procedures in allow low income LGUs to pool resources establishments, industries, wastewater to establish such facilities treatment plants and facilities, including • Designate permanent municipal and city hospitals, medical sectors, and health care environment and natural resource officers waste management sectors generating in all local governments and provide wastewater within the Region through necessary manpower and funding installing and ensuring efficient operation • Ensure compliance of health care facilities of a disinfectant system at the last stage of with the standards for hazardous waste the wastewater treatment process prior to management (i.e. strict enforcement discharge to any water body and monitoring of existing treatment technologies employed in the TSD Solid, toxic and hazardous facilities to handle new pathogens or wastes management viruses, in compliance with the applicable environmental standards) • Close and rehabilitate remaining • Modernize and increase TSD facilities for dumpsites and promote alternative waste hazardous healthcare wastes disposal and waste to energy facilities/ • Improve disposal of healthcare wastes systems/technologies that can be operated at the household or barangay level to in partnership with the private enterprises guarantee proper segregation at source, • Operationalize MRFs, treatment facilities, partnerships between and among LGUs and submission of approved local solid and TSD accredited facilities to ensure that waste management plans untreated healthcare wastes do not reach • Strengthen the implementation of materials recovery facilities (MRFs) and IEC activities that focus on proper sanitary landfills (SLFs), and expanded waste management, waste reduction coverage of hazardous waste tracking and recycling for communities and system to cover household wastes households. For LGUs, re-orientation of local chief executives and relevant

294 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Implement the Philippine Action Plan for of baseline data on disaster events in Sustainable Consumption and Production the past five years; b) formulation of a report template and reporting protocol; • Institutionalize and integrate natural c) training for agencies and local capital accounting in the planning and DRRM officers; and d) linkage to other programming processes related databases • Determine ecological limits and account • Continue to mainstream DRR and CCA and value negative externalities of in Regional, sub-national, and local consumption and production development plans and policies through • Scale up innovation and investment in the use of relevant planning guidelines green technologies and systems such as HLURB’s Supplemental Guidelines • Develop, promote, and transfer cleaner to generate updated climate change production technologies, including projection, and risk and vulnerability water and energy- efficient practices (e.g. assessment in order to identify rainwater catchment facility, cleaner fuels appropriate and adequate mitigation and and engine, energy-efficient facilities/ adaptation measures green buildings) • Adopt standards to ensure climate and • Promote green procurement in both disaster-resilient natural and human private and public sectors systems, including, but not limited to, • Promote EST, including mass transport communities and critical infrastructure. system and clean fuels Retrofitting and construction of • Promote and provide incentives for the climate smart and disaster-resilient use of renewable energy sources infrastructures and facilities will be pursued, especially in hazard- prone areas Adaptive capacities and resilience and environmentally- critical areas of ecosystems increased • Conduct and adopt area or firm level BCP not only for large companies but Strengthen the local implementation of also for small and medium enterprises all aspects (i.e. prevention and mitigation in order to reduce economic impacts and preparation, response, rehabilitation facilitate the fast recovery of industrial and recovery) of disaster risk reduction functions and economic activities in the and management Region in times of natural disasters and emergency situations • Ensure the availability and access to • Promote disaster resilient and climate location-specific hazards and risks, in smart businesses and livelihoods to particular access to large scale (1:10,000) minimize loss of lives and assets probabilistic hazard maps, through the • Promote available DRRM and CC promotion and use of hazard mapping financing mechanisms such as the People’s services of agencies and universities. Survival Fund to improve access and DOST’s plan to establish a Center for increase utilization. Technical assistance Hazard and Resource Mapping in the will be provided by Regional and, if Region will ensure a centralized and needed, national agencies so that LGUs better access to hazard and other resource/ can comply with the requirements and thematic maps successfully apply to such facilities • Develop a Regional disaster database • Formulate a Regional preparedness and to include damages and losses and response framework for disease outbreaks disaggregated information on gender, and pandemics to: (a) address the gaps and the vulnerable and affected sectors. in coordination mechanisms across Supporting activities include: a) collection government agencies and between the

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 295 national government and LGUs, along trainings; and c) risk and vulnerability with the private sector and civil society analysis/assessments to enable a whole-of-society response, • Continue to strengthen the capacity of and (b) harmonize existing Disaster Risk concerned agencies to conduct post or Reduction and Management (DRRM) rapid disaster needs assessment by building and Crisis Management Frameworks a pool of technical experts and conduct of for better interoperability, especially for orientation or trainings on basic concepts subnational level planning and methodologies on damage and loss • Strengthen emergency evacuation assessment for LGUs to facilitate timely systems by: (a) geo-mapping evacuation submission and completion of reports centers and hospitals; (b) developing and when necessary, rehabilitation and guidelines for determining the recovery plans appropriate number, capacity and • Include the conduct of regular location for evacuation centers prior infrastructure audit in the budget of to establishment/construction; and (c) agencies and local governments, and setting in place appropriate health and monitor the submission of reports safety standards and protocols to prevent to RDRRMC the spread of infectious diseases inside the • Review and update land use and post- evacuation centers disaster resettlement plans to ensure that resettlement areas, future residential Priority will be given to activities that and built- up areas are not in hazard will further strengthen the institutional, prone, environmentally-critical and community and individual capacity to conservation areas improve the timely and adequate response • Continue to conduct training on DRRM to disasters, as well as to increase resilience: and ICS (Incident Command System) for local governments down to barangay level • Increase the competency of decision- • Continue to conduct IEC for households makers and relevant stakeholders or on the existing hazards in their areas the public to understand the risk and and on the preparation and response in vulnerability analysis/assessment through times of disasters and emergencies, and capability building on: a) reading/ to mainstream DRRM and CC in school analyzing and integrating thematic or curricula at all levels hazard maps for local plans; b) GIS Major Programs and Projects • ENGP • Establishment of wastewater treatment • Social Forestry Project facilities in cities and municipalities • Forest landscape rehabilitation • by water concessionaires and and restoration water districts • Delineation of final forest limits • Establishment of shared solid waste including production and disposal facilities among LGUs protection forests • Establishment of TSD facilities • Complete delineation of per province for hazardous and municipal waters infectious wastes • Development and promotion of • IEC on waste segregation at ecotourism sites source, collection, treatment, and • Deployment of new technologies on disposal especially infectious and water quality monitoring, e.g. SENRTY hazardous wastes by DOST • Development and adoption of green

296 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 infrastructure and technologies disposal systems according to the such as rainwater harvesting or income capacities of local governments catching technologies • Study on the environmental impacts • Retrofitting of buildings, establishments of dumpsites and infrastructure according to climate • Mapping on ecological assessment for and disaster resilient building standards local governments • Regional database on disaster damages • Identifying pollutants in priority and losses river systems • Improvement and installation of • Baseline studies on additional community EWS biodiversity population • Conduct of geohazard mapping • Study on the legal measures to address long term TROs and writ of preliminary Priority Researches injunctions especially for demolishment • Study on garbage hauling fees and on of illegal and non- compliant industries alternative, and affordable solid waste Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE E n a c t m e n t o f S u s t a i n a b l e F o r e s t This will ensure that forests are properly managed to meet the needs of the present Management Bill and future generations.

The bill seeks to develop an effective and sustainable forest management strategy based on the allocation of forestland uses and promotion of land use practices that will not only be productive but will also conserve forest resources such as soil, lumber, and water. This strategy will also work to protect existing forest resources, conserve our fragile biodiversity, and rehabilitate deforested or denuded areas. It is also envisioned to promote and stimulate food production activities without compromising forested areas.

This bill likewise provides for a Community-Based Forest Management Program to be undertaken by concerned national agencies and the local government units. With this, indigenous people and other forest-based communities will be empowered to manage, develop, utilize, and protect forest resources in a sustainable way. Enactment of National Land Use Act There is a need to plan the Region’s physical space well. Land use policies must be clear on where and how much space to allocate for agricultural production to ensure we have enough food; where and how much space for settlements development to meet housing demand; where to encourage growth of industries to boost the economy and create jobs; and which areas should be protected for environmental sustainability.

This is to ensure the rational and sustainable use of our land and our physical resources.

The bill aims to harmonize sector-specific land use policies and institutionalize land use planning. Enactment of local comprehensive LGUs play a vital role in the implementation of environmental laws. Since they are environmental codes to cover land, closer to their constituents, they are in a better position in ensuring the sustainability water and air pollution control of resources. Enacting local comprehensive environmental codes will ensure ensure ecological integrity, clean, and healthy environment. Establishment of clear coordination Establishment of clear coordination mechanisms between NWRB, water mechanism between National concessionaires, and LGUs on groundwater monitoring and extraction permit will Water Resource Board, water ensure that groundwater sources are managed well and over-extraction will be concessionaires, and local prevented. governments on ground water monitoring and extraction permit

Chapter 20 Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and Healthy Environment | 297 298 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration | 299 300 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration

Recognizing the effects of international migration in the socio-economic growth of the CALABARZON Region, concerns in M&D were mainstreamed in the different Chapters of the RDP 2017-2022 which also reflected the cross cutting nature of migration. With the emerging and evolving concerns in international migration, a separate Chapter was prepared in the midtern updating of the Regional plan to address migration concerns comprehensively.

This Chapter disccusses the Region’s situation on international migration, initiatives developed and implmented, gaps and challenges that need to be addressed, and opportunities that can be harnessed towards ensuring a safe, orderly and regular migration. This Chapter also integrates concerns on internal or domestic migration.

Assessment and Challenges In 2010, the country’s deployment of OFWs of more female OFWs deployed annually. including landbased and seabased reached However, the proportion of female OFWs two million. Total deployment of OFWs to total deployment in the Region increased continued to increased reaching about 2.4 from 2016 to 2018. Among the provinces, million in 2015 and 2017. Migrating to Cavite had the highest number of OFW another country became a strategy to find deployment in 2015 followed by Batangas. better employment opportunities in order to have better quality of life. For the last ten Access to government services made easier. years, CALABARZON was the top sending Aside from the assistance and services Region of OFWs. This significance spurred provided by the national government numerous M&D initiatives in the Region agencies, provincial governments were to take advantage of the opporutnities tapped and capacitated to enhance international migration brings while government services provided to OFs. reducing and mitigating the social costs Through the Joint Migration and assosicated with it. Development Initiative (JMDI) Phase II project, the RDC implemented the CALABARZON remained the top sending Strengthening, Upscaling, Mainstreaming, Region. While the proportion of OFW International Migration and Development deployment from the Region was declining Iniatiative (SUMMID) in CALABARZON from 2016 to 2018, CALABARZON that facilitated the creation of One Stop remained the top sending Region in the Resource Migration Center (OSMRC) Philippines with an average of 19.08 percent in each province. These Centers provide or an average of 444,000 OFW deployment services ranging from economic, financial annually. Majority of the OFWs were male and psychosocial in nature. Moreover, some which was in contrast to the national data LGUs in the Region had also established

Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration | 301 their local OFW help desks to cater to their These orientation seminars were intensified needs. The presence of the OSMRCs at the through the conduct of pre-migration provincial level made government services orientation seminars (PMOS). Aside from more accessible to Ofs and their families the basic information on pre-migration, it left behind. involves presentation of migration realities to brief would be OFs on what to be Further, frontline agencies established expected upon working overseas. Through the One Stop Service Centers for OFWs partnership with Atikha Overseas Workers (OSSCO) for migrants where all migration- and Communities Initiative, Inc., an NGO related documents can be processed. providing economic and social services to Currently, there were three functional OFs and their families, each province in OSSCOs in the Region located in the CALABARZON offers PMOS for interested provinces of Laguna, Batangas and Rizal. would be migrants.

The number of local governments hosting Mainstreaming M&D in local governance the BalinkBayan portal were also increasing. intensified. Recognizing the effects of The localized portal serves as a platform for international migration at the national, diaspora engagement for sharing knowledge, Regional and local economy, convergence expertise, skills, networks, material and efforts at the local level are important financial resources among OFs worldwide. to maximize the gains while reducing Currently, the localized portal was hosted in the social costs of migration. With Bacoor City, Carmona, Los Baños, Cuenca, the SUMMID Project, a knowledge and the provinces of Batangas and Laguna. product on mainstreaming M&D in Provincial service maps were also developed local governance was developed. The to provide easier access to information publication was disseminated to numerous regarding available services per province. local governments in the Region. With The maps include information on the the the creation of the Provincial Committee service’s focal person and their contact on Migration and Development (PCMD), information for ease of coordination. mainstreaming of M&D in local plans, programs and projects was highly Orientation seminars strengthened. To promoted. Similar with the Regional ensure that OFs are well-informed and Committee on Migration and Development prepared about their work outside the (CMD), PCMDs provide a venue to discuss country, and avoid overseas distress, issues and concerns relating to internal orientation seminars are conducted for pre- and internal migration and address them employment and pre-departure. The pre- through convergence efforts. employment orientation seminar (PEOS) is a pre-qualification requirement for people At the Regional level, convergence efforts who are considering overseas employment. and M&D initiatives were tackled through On the other hand, the pre-departure the CMD. The Committee is comprised orientation seminar (PDOS) prepares the of the frontline and relavant agencies in OFs for settlement abroad. Country specific international and internal migration, the PDOS are provided to inform OFs about PCMDs, SUCs and a NGO. Collaborative travel regulations, immigration procedures, efforts with NGOs and private sector were cultural differences, settelement concerns, strengthened through conduct of projects employment and social security concerns, and activities spearheaded by CMD. and the rights and obligations of the OFs. CALABARZON is the first among Regions to establish a functional CMD and cascade the creation of CMD at the provincial level.

302 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 21.1 Proportion of OFW Deployment by Region YEAR Region 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 NCR 10.5 11.0 12.9 9.5 9.7 CAR 2.2 2.3 1.8 2.3 1.8 Ilocos Region 8.2 9.5 8.4 9.0 9.7 Cagayan Valley 6.7 6.0 5.3 6.8 6.5 Central Luzon 15.5 15.1 12.7 12.9 14.3 CALABARZON 17.9 17.9 21.0 20.7 17.9 MIMAROPA 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 Bicol Region 3.4 3.1 4.0 3.8 3.7 Western Visayas 8.6 8.7 4.9 9.5 8.9 Central Visayas 6.5 6.3 4.9 6.1 5.6 Eastern Visayas 1.1 2..6 2.1 2.1 2.2 Zamboang Peninsula 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.5 Northern Mindanao 3.4 2.8 2.6 2.5 3.5 Davao Region 2.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 SOCCKSARGEN 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.6 CARAGA 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.8 ARMM 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.1 Negros Island Region - - 4.2 - - Source: RSET 2019 Database development remained a challenge. on international and internal migration. Availability of data is important for The Act mandates LGUs to adopt the CBMS evidenced-based decisions and planning. which is beneficial in development planning Hence, initiatives have been made to develop and policy formulation. On the other a Regional database on international and hand, one of the challenges realized is the internal migration. The Community-Based availability of the data for foreign nationals Monitoring System (CBMS) used and working in the Region to identify issues and maintained by local governments provided concerns concerning them and ensure that an opportunity to collect data on migration. their rights were also protected. Thirteen rider questions on international migration were developed to be used during Investments and savings continuously data collection for CBMS. As of April 2019, promoted. The Region was active in 78 LGUs adopted the CBMS and out of conducting financial literacy trainings and these 10 LGUs used the rider questionnaire seminars for OFs and their families including on international migration. the children left behind. Importance of savings and having investments is greatly For internal migration, a database system emphasized to ensure economic stability known as the local migration information upon reintegration. Regional activity system (LMIS) was developed to capture like the M&D Forum provides venue in internal migration data up to the barangay promoting savings and investments for OFs. level. As of October 2019, six LGUs in Rizal, The implementation of the JMDI project Laguna and Cavite adopted the system. also contributed to savings and investment generation of OFs in 2015 to 2016. Total The enactment of the CBMS Act will investments and savings amounted to PhP provide more opportunity to collect data 55 million with about 55 micro-enterprises

Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration | 303 started during the said period. Investments facilities to accommodate the large number in cooperatives was one of the most common of returning OFs. form of investments made by the OFs. Welfare of children left behind protected. OFs displaced due to COVID-19 crisis. The the School-Based Program for children global impact of COVID -19 resulted to left behind was implemented in primary the displacement of several OFs abroad and secondary schools in the Region. and repatriation of OFs affected by the Through the Regional memorandum in lockdown imposed by the countries where 2018, trainings were provided for school they are working. Meanwhile, Filipinos with teachers to capacitate them in dealing on-going contracts but in the Philippines with issues and concerns arising from during the pandemic were unable to leave being a part of an OFW family. It included due to lockdowns in destination countries discussions on migration realities, resulting and travel restrictions. communication gaps, savings consciousness and gender sensitivity. Currently, all Apart from losing their jobs, returning OFs provincial and city schools divisions of had to be quarantined and even tested to DepEd were implementing various activities ensure that they were not infected. This in relation to the school-based program. created a problem due to lack of quarantine Action Plan Strategic Framework participation in the country’s development and reintegration in the Philippine The Regional Development Plan 2017- society; and d) protection of the rights and 2022 aims to ensure the safe, orderly and improving the wellbeing of foreign nationals regular migration through: a) protection of in the country. Ensuring a safe, orderly and the rights and improving the wellbeing of regular migration will contribute to the OFs; b) strengthening the engagement of attainment of enhance social fabric, reduced OFs; their families and other stakeholders inequality and increased growth potential of in governance; c) facilitating OFs’ the Region. Figure 21.1 Strategic Framework to Ensure Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration

304 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Targets Table 21.2 Plan Targets to Ensure Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration BASELINE END OF PLAN TARGET INDICATORS YEAR VALUE 2020 2021 2022 Percent share of active to total members of increasing increasing increasing OWWA increased (%) Number of returnees provided with increasing increasing increasing OWWA reintegration intervention (livelihood) increased Proportion of LGU with OFW help desks to increasing increasing increasing total number of LGUs increased (%) Number of Balik Scientists increasing increasing increasing engaged increased Investments generated increased 2016 33.0 increasing increasing increasing (PhP million) Number of local CMDs created increasing increasing increasing Number of OFW federations created increasing increasing increasing Number of School Based increasing increasing increasing Programs Implemented Number of beneficiaries of increasing increasing increasing F i n a n c i a l L i t e r a c y F a m i l y a n d I n c o m e Management Training Number of beneficiaries of increasing increasing increasing Reintegration Planning /Financial Planning and Investment Counseling Number of Investment and Market Place increasing increasing increasing Events conducted Amount of Savings and increasing increasing increasing Investments Mobilized Number of OF Enterprises Set-up increasing increasing increasing

Strategies outcome assessment tools developed to evaluate effectiveness of trainings provided OFs’ rights protected and for the OFs, their families and children left well-being improved behind will further be enhanced. Likewise, the effectiveness of services provided by the Facilitate effective service delivery to OFs OSMRCs will also be determined.

Service delivery of frontline agencies Enhance education of OFs on M&D will continuously be enhanced to ensure intended impacts will be realized. Conduct of orientation seminars to include Information on assistance and services OFs’ families will be intensified. Important available for OFs will be disseminated in all factors to consider in migrating should be platforms to ensure easier access to these properly assessed and taken into account services. Active OSMRCs in each province not only by the OFs themselves but the will ensure immediate access to appropriate family as a whole to ensure that both the services needed. Hence, establishment of OFs and their families are well-prepared. OFW help desk in all LGUs will be promoted Decision to work abroad will affect the to facilitate better service delivery for OFs. whole family as there are postive and negative effects associated with migration. Effectiveness of programs, projects and Inclusion of family members in orientation activities for OFs will also be assessed. The seminars will also help in understanding

Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration | 305 where to seek assistance in times of critical regularly and will be made available to all situations. The complete distribution of stakeholders using numerous platforms. handbook for OFWs will be essential as an Capacity building of LGUs is also essential easy access reference for migrants. to ensure proper interventions for anti- trafficking. Understanding the how, when Created in 2017, the CALABARZON M&D and where to report violations even at Academy will also strengthen conduct of the local level is important to reduce the education activities for OFs. The Academy incidence of human trafficking and thereby aims to cater to the training needs of protecting the welfare of other OFs. local, national and international M&D stakeholders through conduct of trainings, Database development to be pursued accommodation of visitors for study missions, benchmarking, and development The enactment of the CBMS Act provides an of online learning modules. opportunity to collect data on international and internal migration. The current rider Intensify social protection programs for questions on international migration can OFs and their families be incorporated in the development of the standard CBMS questionnaire that the The full implementation of laws such as LGUs will be using. Likewise, the LMIS the Social Security Act and the Universal can also be considered to incorporate Healthcare Act will be ensured. The former data collection on internal migrants in the expands coverage of mandatory SSS CBMS. Institutionalized data collection contributions to include all OFWs while tools at the national level can also be the latter ensures the automatic coverage explored to include data generation on of OFWs in PhilHealth. However, it was foreign nationals. recognized that collection of premium contributions remains a challenge. Hence, The availability of a comprehensive and information campaigns on the importance up-to-date information is critical in of health and social security will be pursused development planning, policy formulation through inclusion of these in the conduct and identification of appopriate program, of orientation seminars for OFs. Financial proejects and activities even at the local assistance to OFs affected by a global crisis level. These data also be important to ensure should also be prioritized. protetion of the rights of foreing nationals thereby adhering to the all the commitments Implementation of the School-Based the country signed to such as the Global Program in elementary and secondary Compact for Migration (GCM). schools will also be continued to address the needs of the children left behind by OFW Engagement of OFs, families, parents. The program aims to reduce the and other stakeholders in social costs of migration. While availability governance strengthened of funds was one of the challenges identified, related projects and activities will Intensify promotion of mainstreaming be continued through funding from other M&D into local development planning sources to ensure continued attainment Mainstreaming of M&D into local of objectives development planning started at the Strengthen measures to protect OFs provincial level. Starting with the creation of against human trafficking PCMDs; programs, projects and activitees were identified to address the needs of Information on human-trafficking and OFs in their localities. Activities engaging illegal recruitment will be updated component cities and municipalities

306 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 serve as one of the venues to promote the inclusion of the whole family. Better the mainstreaming of M&D. Aside from appreciation of the whole family of the mainstreaming, creation of local CMD importance of savings, investment and and establishment of OFW help desks skills upgrading will be beneficial to the were also promoted. The development of return and reintegration of OFs. Creation a knowledge product on mainstreaming of invesment options and convergence M&D will ensure that local governments are programs to assist OFs and their families properly guided. in business development and employment facilitation will be beneficial to attain Active engagement with OF organization successful reintegration. will be pursued Enhancing collaboration among Regional Participation of OF organizations in line agencies, local government units and the Regional and local activities will be civil society organizations will be pursued encouraged. These activities can serve to effectively implement programs for as a platform to gather information on returning and displaced OFs. needs and concerns of OFs in the Region. Their personal experience and knowledge Retool the displaced OFs on migration will be beneficial to development planning and ensuring their Skills retooling, through TESDA’s Massive socioeconomic welfare. Open Online Courses, Mobile Training Laboratories, and other flexible or blended OFs’ participation in the country’s training arrangements needs to be promoted development and reintegration in the to improve the employability of displaced Philippine society facilitated OFs. This will enable them, whether temporarily or permanently, to take courses Strengthen employment facilitation for to improve their skills for employability. returning OFWs Free trainings in agriculture enterprise The current enhancement of the National should be made available to encourage OFs Skills Registration Program (NSRP) to to invest in this economic activity. Aside better highlight OFs in the PhilJobNet and from trainings, technical and marketing PESO Employment Information System assistance should be provided to help OFs will allow inclusion of work experience of who are interested to venture in agriculture. OFs abroad in their profiles. The enhanced database system will also provide easier Tap knowledge and other resources of OFs identification of OFs that can be beneficial to employers. Institutional linkage with Filipino professional and experts abroad can Ensure successful socioeconomic be fostered to collaborate in research reintegration of OFs and their families and development and capacity building activities. Furthermore, the Balik Scientist Successful reintegration requires not only Program provides an opportunity to tapped an economic reintegration but a community the knowledge and skills gained abroad to reintegration as the OF need to adjust further enhance capabilities domestically. to community life. To ensure successful reintegration, interventions should start as The localized BalinkBayan portal also early as the pre-departure phase through provides a platform to tap resources from provision of financial literacy to include OFs through engagement between OFs family members. Financial planning and and local government. Donations and goal setting should be developed with remittances can be used to fund social

Chapter 21 Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration | 307 projects at the local level. Investments and educational facilities which cater generated from OFs can also contribute to to international students, the Region is local economic development by increasing among the top receiving Regions of foreign economic activities. nationals. Hence, the Region will strive to adopt policies that will address the needs Rights protected and wellbeing and protect the rights of foreign nationals improved for foreign nationals in working and studying in CALABARZON. the country

Adopt and localize policy directions as a migrant receiving Region

Given the number of economic zones and the presence of international organizations like International Rice Research Institute Major Programs and Projects

The Region’s priority programs, projects, • Reintegration programs and activities to achieve the sub-sector • Balik Scientists Program sector outcomes in ensuring safe, orderly • Financial literacy trainings and regular migration will be implemented • Distribution of the Handbook for OFWs through convergence and multi- • Implementation of outcome a stakeholder partnership approach. The ssessment tools priority interventions of the Region are the • Full implementation of the Universal following: Health Care Act and Social Security Act • Strict implementation of anti- • e-TESDA trafficking laws • School-Based Program for children left behind by OF parents

Legislative Agenda

LEGISLATIVE AGENDA RATIONALE Amendments to the Migrant Workers and This will strengthen the compliance requirements for deployment Overseas Filipinos Act (RA 10022) employability of host countries which will contribute to better protection of OFs. Amendments to the Philippine Immigration Act This will strengthen the legal and institutional framework, border of 1940 control at ports of entry, and registration of foreign nationals within the country which will contribute to better monitoring of foreign nationals in the country and protection of both the foreign nationals and the locals. Inclusion of migration indicators in the Seal of To ensure that mechanisms are in place and functional, inclusion of M&D Good Local Governance (SGLG) indicators in the SGLG is being proposed. CBMS Law Ensure holistic health care for all and promote health-seeking behavior of the population. The CBMS law will encourage creation of local database and ensure c o l l e c t i o n o f l o c a l d a t a f o r e v i d e n c e d - b a s e d d e c i s i o n - m a k i n g a n d interventions. Along with this, the inclusion of international migration questions in the CBMS roll out will ensure availability of local data on migration to ensure that migration benefits are maximized and social costs are minimized.

308 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 13 Reaching for the Demographic Dividend | 309 310 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 22 Plan Implementation and Monitoring | 311 312 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Chapter 22 Plan Implementation and Monitoring Plan implementation General Appropriations Act. The CALABARZON Regional Development Other financing sources are Official Council, as the highest policy and planning Development Assistance (ODA), funds of body in the Region, will coordinate the LGUs and public-private partnerships. implementation of the remaining plan On the other hand, to monitor proposed period of the RDP 2017-2022. legislations identified in the plan, NEDA The plan will be implemented through PPAs through the Legislative Executive in the Regional Development Investment Development Advisory Council (LEDAC) Program (RDIP) 2017-2022. The RDIP will monitor the passage of laws shall be the basis for preparing the annual budget proposals of Regional line agencies Output monitoring (RLAs), SUCs, and government-owned Through the Regional Project Monitoring and controlled corporations. Programs and Evaluation System (RPMES), project and projects at the provincial level will be monitoring will be conducted with the considered in the RDIP for possible funding active involvement of various agencies, of RLAs. local governments and non-government Monitoring of inputs, outputs and outcomes organizations. The RPMES covers all will be undertaken to track the attainment of development projects, inclusive of programs goals, objectives and targets in the updated and projects in the RDIP as well as ODA RDP, and implementation of the RDIP. projects, and is undertaken by LGUs, SUCs Input monitoring will be on the funding and GOCCs at the Regional, provincial, city of PPAs. Once funded, output monitoring and municipal levels. will track the actual implementation of At the Regional level, the Regional programs and projects in the RDIP. At Project Monitoring Committee (RPMC) the highest level of monitoring, outcome will monitor the status of project monitoring will assess the achievement of implementation through submission sector and sub-sector outcomes set out in of project status reports containing the plan. information on the physical and financial accomplishements vis-a-vis targets. The Input monitoring local project monitoring committees at the To ensure that programs and projects provincial, city and municipal governments identified in the RDIP are funded for as well as RLAs, GOCCs and SUCs will implementation, the RDC conducts be enjoined to carry out their monitoring an annual technical budget review and functions and responsibilities. To ensure endorses the budget of RLAs, SUCs and on-track implementation of programs GOCCs to the national agencies and the and projects; implementation updates, Department of Budget and Management issues and concerns will be tackled in the since funds will be mainly sourced from the quarterly meetings of the RPMC and field

Chapter 22 Plan Implementation and Monitoring | 313 visits. Issues and concerns that affect several The RDC sectoral and special committees stakeholders will be subjected to problem will ensure coordination and convergence solving session. of PPAs and will serve as a platform to discuss and resolve Regional and sector- The RPMC will aslo conduct ex-post specific issues, as well as national agenda evaluation of completed projects to that have Regional consequences. determine if the outputs are contributing to the attainment of desired outcomes. For The annual plan assessment will be in the several projects that can have greater impact form of the Regional Development Report to the communities and have implications (RDR) which will highlight the significant for future policy and budget directions, an accomplishment and performance of PPAs impact evaluation will be conducted. Best implemented by RLAs, SUCs and GOCCs. practices in project implementation will It also provides development prospects be documented to enhance design and that can be harnessed to optimize positive implementation of similar projects. effects and opportunities to improve the performance of lagging sectors. The annual In early 2019, projects covered by the RDR also serve as guide in the technical CALABARZON Project Monitoring System review of budget proposals. (cPMS) were updated and expanded. The cPMS is an online system developed Implementation of support and conceptualized by NEDA Region IV-A, facilitates enrolment of projects, activities submission of up-to-date RPMES reports and identification of problems that impede Advocacy is necessary to increase awareness project implementation. and understanding of the plan, encourage participation of the different sectors to Outcome monitoring contribute to plan implementation, facilitate unified policy direction for development To operationalize the Managing for priorities, and gain support from key players Development Results strategy, plan in Regional development. monitoring and evaluation will focus on The NEDA Region IV-A as the RDC assessment of the achievement of outcomes Secretariat will lead the updated RDP in the RDP as measured by indicators and advocacy. Activities include preparation targets in the Results Matrices. and dissemination of promotinal materials, The RDC Secretariat in coordination with conduct of public campaigns and the RDC sectoral and special Committees orientations for key development actors that served as Planning Committees during (e.g. Congress, local governments and the plan midterm updating shall conduct an RLAs), and use of social media platforms. annual assessment on the achievement of targets in the RDP. Table 22.1 presents the coordination mechanism under the RDC.

314 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 Table 22.1 Regional Coordination Mechanism for Plan Implementation and Monitoring RDP CHAPTER COORDINATION MECHANISM Chapter 3: Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Regional Land Use Committe (RLUC) Dividend and Physical Characteristics Chapter 5: Ensuring People-Centered, Clean and Sectoral Committee on Macroeconomy and Development Efficient Governance Administration (SCMDA) Chapter 6: Pursuing Swift and Fair Administration of Justice SCMDA Chapter 7: Promoting Philippine Culture and Values Sectoral Committee on Social Development/Social Protection (SCSD/SP) Chapter 8: Expanding Economic Opportunities in Agriculture, Sectoral Committee on Economic Development (SCED) Forestry and Fisheries Chapter 9: Expanding Economic Opportunities in Industry SCED, Investment Promotion Group (IPG) and Services Chapter 10: Accelerating Human Capital Development SCSD Chapter 11: Reducing Vulnerability of Individuals SCSD, Special Committees and Sub-Committees and Families Chapter 12: Building Safe and Secure Communities SCSD, Special Committees and Sub-Committees Chapter 13: Reaching for Demograpghic Dividend SCSD, Special Committees and Sub-Committees Chapter 14: Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology SCED and Innovation Chapter 15: Ensuring Sound Macroeconomic Policy SCMDA Chapter 16: Regional Competitiveness Regional Competitiveness Committee (RCC) Chapter 17: Attaining Just and Lasting Peace SCMDA Chapter 18: Ensuring Security, Public Order and Safety SCMDA Chapter 19: Accelerating Infrastructure Development Sectoral Committee on Infrastructure Development (SCID) Chapter 20: Ensuring Ecological Integrity, Clean and SCED, RLUC Healthy Environment Chapter 21: Ensuring Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration SCSD, Special Committees and Sub-Committees

Chapter 22 Plan Implementation and Monitoring | 315 316 | Regional Development Plan 2017-2022 List of Acronyms

4Ps Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AFF Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines AIEZ Agro-Industrial Economic Zones ALS Alternative Learning System ARBs Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries ARCs Agrarian Reform Communities ARG Automatic Rain Gauge ASPIRE-CBFM Agroforestry Support Program for Enhancing Resiliency of Community-Based Forest Management ATN Assistance-to-Nationals AY Academic Year BADACs Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Councils BALAI Building Adequate, Livable, Affordable and Inclusive BatStateU Batangas State University BCP Business Continuity Plans BHS Barangay Health Stations BJMP Bureau of Jail Management and Penology BOSS Business One-Stop Shop BPLS Business Permit and Licensing System BPLS Business Permit Licensing System CAA CAFGU Active Auxiliary CADT Certificates of Ancestral Domain Title CALAEX Cavite-Laguna Expressway CAMP COVID-19 Adjustment Measures Program CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program CAVITEX Cavite Expressway CBMS Community-Based Monitoring System CBPs Community-Based Projects CCA Climate Change Adaptation CCW Center, Corridors, and Wedges CDA Cooperative Development Authority CDPs Comprehensive Development Plans CEST Community Empowerment through Science and Technology CHERM Center for Hazard and Environmental Resource Mapping CLEM Century Learning Environment Model CMCI Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index CMD Committee on Migration and Development

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CNTs Communist Party of the Philippines - New People’s Army Terrorists CORe Communication, Ongoing projects, Research cPMS CALABARZON Project Monitoring System CPP Communist Party of the Philippines CSOs Civil Society Organizations CSPP Conflict-Sensitive and Peace Promoting CvSU Cavite State University DA Department of Agriculture DAR Department of Agrarian Reform DARIUS Data Analytics-Ready Info Unified System DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DEWS Deployment of Early Warning Systems DFA Department of Foreign Affairs DHSUD Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development DICT Department of Information, Communication, and Technology DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DOH Department of Health DOJ-PPA DOJ-Parole and Probation Administration DOST Department of Science and Technology DOST-SEI DOST-Science Education Institute DOT Department of Tourism DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction Management DTI Department of Trade and Industry E-CLIP Enhanced Comprehensive Local Integration Program ECOP Employers Confederation of the Philippines ECQ Enhanced Community Quarantine ELA Executive-Legislative Agenda ENGP Enhanced National Greening Program ENIPAS Expanded NIPAS EODB Ease of Doing Business EST Environmentally Sustainable Transport EXPLORE Exchange of Probes, Learnings and Outputs of Researches FASSSTER Feasibility Analysis of Syndromic Surveillance Using a Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Modeler for Early Detection of Diseases FICs Food Innovation Centers FIRe Fourth Industrial Revolution GCI Global Competitiveness Index GCM Global Compact for Migration GDH Gifts, Decors, and Handicrafts GIA-CBP Grants-In-Aid-Community Based Projects GIDAs Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas GIP Government Internship Program

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GOCCs Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product GTCA Good Conduct Time Allowance GVA Gross Value Added HEMIS Higher Education Management Information System HFEP Health Facilities Enhancement Program HRH Human Resources for Health I&S Industry and Services i3S Inclusive Innovation Industrial Strategy ICS Incident Command System ICT4ALS ICT for Alternative Learning System IDD Innovation, Design and Development IDPs Internally Displaced Population IEC Information, Education and Communication IKSP Indigenous Knowledge System and Practices IPR Intellectual Property Rights IPs Indigenous Peoples IPSOs Intellectual Property Satellite Offices IRA Internal Revenue Allotment ISIP Innovation for Social Impact Partnership IT-BPM Information Technology and Business Processing Management ITSOs Innovation and the Technology Support Offices JMDI Joint Migration and Development Initiative KALAHI-CIDSS Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services KALAHI-NCDDP Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan - National Community- Driven Development Program KASAMA Kabuhayan para sa Magulang ng Batang Mangagawa LAMS Land Administration And Management System LCAC Local Culture and Arts Councils LEAs Law Enforcement Agencies LEDAC Legislative Executive Development Advisory Council LGUs Local Government Units LMIS Local Migration Information System LSDF Luzon Spatial Development Framework LSPU Laguna State Polytechnic University M&D Migration and Development MCX Muntinlupa-Cavite Expressway MDR maternal death review MMR maternal mortality ratio MRFs materials recovery facilities MSEZ Manufacturing Special Economic Zones MSFF Marginalized, Small Farmers and Fishers MSMEs Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

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MTP Medical Tourism Park NaLUA National Land Use Act NBB No Balance Billing NCCA National Commission on Culture and Arts NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NCP National Competition Policy NCWSP New Centennial Water Source Project NGA National Government Agency NHA National Housing Authority NICER Niche Centers in the Regions for R&D NINA Nutritional Initial Needs Assessment NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System NIPS National Intellectual Property Strategy NIRC National Internal Revenue Cod NOAH Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards NPA New People’s Army NSP National Shelter Program NSRP National Skills Registration Program NSS National Spatial Strategy NSSMP National Sewerage and Septage Management Program NTESDP National Technical Education and Skills Development Plan NTF-ELCAC National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict NUDHF National Urban Development and Housing Framework ODA Official Development Assistance OFWs Overseas Filipino Workers OSMRC One-Stop Migration Resource Center OSSCO One Stop Service Centers for OFWs OTOP One Town One Product P/Ps programs and projects PAO Public Attorney’s Office PBG Pangkabuhayan sa PagBangon at Ginhawa PCA Philippine Competition Act PCIC Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation PCMD Provincial Committee on Migration and Development PCs Planning Committees PDEA Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency PDL Persons Deprived of Liberty PDOS Pre-Departure Orientation Seminar PDPFP Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan PEOS Pre-Employment Orientation Seminar PESO Public Employment Service Office PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority PFM Public Financial Management PHFDP Philippine Health Facilities Development Plan

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PMOS Pre-Migration Orientation Seminars PNP Philippine National Police POP Point of Presence PPAs programs, projects, activities PPEs protective personal equipment PSHEMS Port Safety, Health and Environmental Management System PUJ Public Utility Jeepney PWDs Persons with disabilities QMS Quality Management System R&D Research and Development RBs Rural Banks RCBs Rural Cooperative Banks RCEF Rice Competitiveness Enhancement Fund RDCHIME Regional Design and Creation Hub for Innovation in MSMEs and Education RDIP Regional Development Investment Program RDP Regional Development Plan RDR Regional Development Report RHUs Rural Health Units RIICs Regional Inclusive Innovation Centers RJSCC Regional Justice Sector Coordinating Council RLAs Regional Line Agencies RM Results Matrix ROLL-IT Roads Leveraging Linkages of Industry and Trade RPFP Regional Physical Framework Plan RPMC Regional Project Monitoring Committee RPMES Regional Project Monitoring and Evaluation System RPOC Regional Peace and Order Council RPRH Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health RRP Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan RSEs Researchers, Scientists, and Engineers RSS Regional Spatial Strategy RTF-ELCAC Regional Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict S4CP Scale-up the Science for Change Program SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SENTRY Sensing Environmental Parameters through Telemetry SEs Social Enterprises SETUP small-enterprise technology upgrading program SGLG Seal of Good Local Governance SHIELD Strategic Help Desk for Information, Education, Livelihood and Other Developmental Interventions SIAD Sustainable integrated area development SIP Small Impounding Project SLEX South Luzon Expressway

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SLFs Sanitary Landfills SLT Schools of Living Tradition SMERA SME Roving Academy SPES Special Program for Employment of Students SSF Shared Service Facilities STAR Science Teacher Academy for the Regions STARBOOKS Science & Technology Academic and Research-Based Openly Operated Kiosk Stations STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics STI Science, Technology, and Innovation STRPC Southern Tagalog Regional Party Committee SUCs State Universities and Colleges SUMMID Strengthening, Upscaling, Mainstreaming, International Migration and Development SURE Survival and Recovery TECHNICOM Technology Innovation for Commercialization TES Tertiary Education Subsidy TESDA Technical Education and Skills Development Authority TEZ Tourism Economic Zones TFR Total Fertility Rate TIKME Teknolohiya at Inobasyon, Kaagapay ng Micro Enterprises TR4 Toll Road 4 TRAIN Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Act TRIP Three-Year Rolling Infrastructure Program TSBs Thrift and Savings Banks TSD Treatment, Storage, and Disposal TSS Total Suspended Solids TVPL Taal Volcano Protected Landscape TWG-AFP Inter-agency Task Force Technical Working Group For Anticipatory and Forward Planning U5MR Under-Five Mortality Rate UCBs Universal/Commercial Banks UHC Universal Health Care UNDP United Nations Development Programme UPLB University of the Philippines Los Baños WINS Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools WQMA water quality management areas YB:CMSP Yakap Bayan: Community Mobilization and Support Program

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RDP 2017-2022 Planning Committees

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON MACROECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

AFP-Southern Luzon Command (AFP SOLCOM) Bureau of Jail Management Penology (BJMP) IV-A Bureau of Local Government and Finance (BLGF) IV-A Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) IV-A Commission on Human Rights (CHR) IV-A Commission on Audit (COA) IV-A Civil Service Commission (CSC) IV-A Department of Budget and Management (DBM) IV-A Department of Health (DOH) IV-A Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) IV-A Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) IV-A Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) IV-A National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) IV-A National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) IV-A Office of the Civil Defense (OCD) IV-A Office of the President-Presidential Management Staff (PMS) Public Attorneys Office (PAO) Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) IV-A Philippine Information Agency (PIA) IV-A Philippine National Police (PNP) IV-A Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) IV-A Batangas Provincial Planning and Development Office (Batangas-PPDO) Cavite Provincial Planning and Development Office (Cavite-PPDO) Laguna Provincial Planning and Development Office (Laguna-PPDO) Rizal Provincial Planning and Development Office (Rizal-PPDO) Quezon Provincial Planning and Development Office (Quezon-PPDO) ATIKHA Overseas Workers and Communities Initiative, Inc. Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry Philippine Metal Association National Council of Women in the Philippines

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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) IV-A Department of Agriculture (DA) IV-A Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) IV-A Department of Bank of the Philippines (DBP) Southern Tagalog Department of Education (DepEd) IV-A Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) IV-A DENR-Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) IV-A DENR-Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) IV-A Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) IV-A Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) IV-A Department of Science and Technology (DOST) IV-A Department of Tourism (DOT) IV-A Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) IV-A Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) IV-A Landbank of the Philippines (LBP) South Luzon Lending Group Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) IV-A National Food Authority (NFA) IV-A National Irrigation Administration (NIA) IV-A Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) IV-A Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority (PhilFIDA) Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) IV-A Philippine Industrial Estate Association Inc. (PHILEA) Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) IV-A Sorosoro Ibaba Development Cooperative (SIDC) Seven Squares Advocacy Cooperative Cavite Metro Multipurpose Cooperative

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Batangas State University (BatStateU) Cavite State University (CvSU) Commission on Higher Education (CHED) IV-A Commission on Population (POPCOM) IV-A Department of Agriculture (DA) IV-A

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Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) IV-A Department of Education (DepEd) IV-A Department of Health (DOH) IV-A Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) IV-A Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) IV-A Department of Social Work and Development (DSWD) IV-A Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD) IV-A Home Development Mutual Fund (PAG-IBIG) Government Service Insurance System (GSIS) Laguna State Polytechnic University (LSPU) National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) IV-A National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) IV-A National Nutrition Council (NNC) IV-A National Youth Commission (NYC) Luzon Cluster 1 Philippine Commission for the Urban Poor (PCUP) Parole and Probation Administration-Department of Justice (PPA-DOJ) IV-A Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) Social Security Services (SSS) Southern Luzon State University (SLSU) Technical Education and Skills Authority (TESDA) IV-A University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) University of Rizal System (URS) Batangas Provincial Planning and Development Office (Batangas-PPDO) Cavite Provincial Planning and Development Office (Cavite-PPDO) Laguna Provincial Planning and Development Office (Laguna-PPDO) Rizal Provincial Planning and Development Office (Rizal-PPDO) Quezon Provincial Planning and Development Office (Quezon-PPDO) Association of Local Colleges and Universities National Council of Women of the Philippines PATAMABA-Workers in the Informal Sector Enterprise (WISE) Sinag Kalinga Foundation Teach for the Philippines, Inc.

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

DENR-Environment and Management Bureau (EMB) IV-A Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) Cluster 2 DOE-Energy Policy and Planning Bureau (EPPB) Department of Tourism (DOT) IV-A Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) IV-A Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD) IV-A Land Transportation Office (LTO) Region IV-A

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Land Transportation Regulatory Franchising Board (LTFRB) IV-A Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA) National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) IV-A National Irrigation Agency (NIA) IV-A Philippine National Railway (PNR) Philippine Ports Authority -Port Management Office Batangas (PPA-PMO Batangas) Philippine Ports Authority-Port Management Office Marinduque and Quezon (PPA-PMO) MarQuez Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)-Batangas Chapter Cavite Technical and Vocational Educators, Inc.

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON REGIONAL LAND USE

Department of Agriculture (DA) IV-A Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) IV-A Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) IV-A DENR-Environment and Management Bureau (EMB) IV-A DENR-Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) IV-A Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) IV-A Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) IV-A Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD) IV-A Department of Justice (DOJ) IV-A Department of Tourism (DOT) IV-A Department of Science and Technology (DOST) IV-A Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) IV-A Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) IV-A National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) IV-A Office of the Civil Defense (OCD) IV-A UPLB-College of Human Ecology (UPLB-CHE) Regional League of Local Development Planning Coordinators, Inc. Batangas Provincial Planning and Development Office (Batangas-PPDO) Cavite Provincial Planning and Development Office (Cavite-PPDO) Laguna Provincial Planning and Development Office (Laguna-PPDO) Rizal Provincial Planning and Development Office (Rizal-PPDO) Quezon Provincial Planning and Development Office (Quezon-PPDO) Ayala Land Philippine Industrial Estate Association Inc. (PHILEA) Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)-Batangas Chapter

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