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Fistulinella Ruschii, Sp. Nov., and a New Record of Fistulinella Campinaranae Var

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Fistulinella Ruschii, Sp. Nov., and a New Record of Fistulinella Campinaranae Var Mycologia ISSN: 0027-5514 (Print) 1557-2536 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/umyc20 Fistulinella ruschii, sp. nov., and a new record of Fistulinella campinaranae var. scrobiculata for the Atlantic Forest, Brazil Altielys Casale Magnago, Maria Alice Neves & Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira To cite this article: Altielys Casale Magnago, Maria Alice Neves & Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira (2017) Fistulinella ruschii, sp. nov., and a new record of Fistulinella campinaranae var. scrobiculata for the Atlantic Forest, Brazil, Mycologia, 109:6, 1003-1013, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1431503 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1431503 Accepted author version posted online: 23 Feb 2018. Published online: 12 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 66 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=umyc20 MYCOLOGIA 2017, VOL. 109, NO. 6, 1003–1013 https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1431503 Fistulinella ruschii, sp. nov., and a new record of Fistulinella campinaranae var. scrobiculata for the Atlantic Forest, Brazil Altielys Casale Magnago a, Maria Alice Nevesb, and Rosa Mara Borges da Silveiraa aDepartamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale 91509-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; bDepartamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Fistulinella is a small genus of boletoid fungi in the subfamily Austroboletoideae in the order Received 31 May 2017 Boletales. In this paper, F. ruschii from the Atlantic Forest is proposed as new to science and F. Accepted 19 January 2018 campinaranae scrobiculata var. , known from the Brazilian Amazon forest, is recorded for the first KEYWORDS time in the Atlantic Forest. Macro- and microscopic descriptions, molecular data (nuc rDNA ITS1- Austroboletoideae; 5.8S-ITS2 and nuc 28S rDNA), photographs of the basidiomata, and scanning electron microscopy Boletaceae; Boletales; fungal images of basidiospores are provided for both species. Based on sampling of six taxa, New World diversity; Neotropics; Fistulinella is found to be a strongly supported monophyletic group, but the genus at large is taxonomy; 1 new taxon nonmonophyletic. INTRODUCTION 1960; Oliveira and Sousa 1995, 1996, 2002; Watling and de Meijer 1997; Magnago and Neves 2014; Barbosa- Fistulinella Henn. comprises 25 species, mainly with a Silva et al. 2017; Magnago et al. 2017, 2018). The pantropical distribution, including Australia, Atlantic Forest is considered an important global bio- Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Guyana, diversity hot spot, includes many endemic species, and Malaysia, Martinique, Mexico, New Zealand, and environmentally is highly variable along the coast and Venezuela (Guzmán 1974; Singer 1978, 1986; Wolfe inland areas of Brazil, including coastal forests, arau- 1979, 1982; Pegler and Young 1981; Pegler 1983; caria mixed forests, deciduous and semideciduous for- Singer et al. 1983, 1991; Watling and Gregory 1989; ests, mangrove swamps, marshlands, and oceanic Ortiz-Santana et al. 2007; Kirk et al. 2008; Watling islands. Originally, it covered 1 300 000 km2 (~15% of 2008; Fulgenzi et al. 2010; Vasco-Palacios et al. 2014). Brazil). However, after decades of deforestation due to Fistulinella staudtii Henn. from Cameroon is the type harvest of valuable lumber, agroindustry, and urbaniza- species (Hennings 1901). tion (Dean 1932–1994), less than 8% of the original Fistulinella is included in Austroboletoideae G. Wu area remains preserved (SOS Mata Atlântica 2013). & Zhu L. Yang (Boletaceae, Boletales) together with The two varieties of F. campinaranae Singer are Veloporphyrellus L.D. Gómez & Singer, Mucilopilus the only taxa in the genus known from Brazil (Singer Wolfe, and Austroboletus (Corner) Wolfe (Wu et al. et al. 1983). In this study, F. campinaranae var. 2014). Fistulinella is characterized by a whitish tubular scrobiculata Singer is recorded for the first time hymenophore that becomes pink at maturity, a pinkish from the Atlantic Forest and Fistulinella ruschii is to pink-brown spore print, and microscopically by the described as new. smooth, elongate-fusoid, weakly to distinctly dextrinoid basidiospores and presence of gelatinized tissues in the pileipellis and hymenophoral trama (Singer 1986). MATERIALS AND METHODS Most of the boletoid species known from Brazil are from Amazonian forest (Singer and Digilo 1957, 1960; Field work. —Field expeditions were carried out in the Singer et al. 1983; Singer and Araujo 1986; Neves and following areas: Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi, Capelari 2007). However, a high diversity of boletes has municipality of Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo (19°54′ also been observed in the coastal Atlantic Forest (Rick 19.60″S, 40°34′8.20″W); the Universidade Federal da CONTACT Altielys Casale Magnago [email protected] Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/umyc. © 2017 The Mycological Society of America Published online 12 Mar 2018 1004 MAGNAGO ET AL.: BOLETACEAE FROM BRAZIL Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba (7°08′18″S, 34°50′38″W); Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed under two cri- Parque Estadual da Serra do Conduru, municipality of teria, maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference Serra Grande, Bahia (14°26′49.5″S, 39°05′37.1″W); and (BI), from the concatenated ITS+28S alignment. The the Unidade de Conservação Ambiental Desterro, data set was subdivided into four partitions: ITS1, 5.8S, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina (27°31′51.6″S, 48°30′44.1″ ITS2, 28S. ML was carried out with RAxML-HPC 8 W). The vegetation type in these areas is Atlantic Forest (Stamatakis 2014) in the CIPRES Science Gateway (dense ombrophilous forest). The climate is tropical (Miller et al. 2010; http://www.phylo.org/) using humid with high annual rainfall (2800 mm). The mean GTRGAMMA as the model of evolution (Stamatakis annual temperature varies between 20 and 31 C. 2006) and 1000 bootstrap replications. BI was conducted in MrBayes 3.2.6 (Ronquist and Huelsenbeck 2003) also on the CIPRES Science Gateway using four parallel Morphology. —Macro- and microscopic analyses Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) chains, which followed established methods used for basidiomycetes were allowed to run for 20 million generations, sampling (Largent et al. 1977; Largent 1986). For basidiospore trees and parameters every 1000 generations. Best-fit quotient (Q), Qr indicates the range of Q values; Qm substitution models were set to each partition calculated indicates the average of Qr; n, the number of by MrModeltest 2.3 (Nylander 2004). The Akaike infor- basidiospores measured; and s, the number of specimens mation criterion (AIC) was chosen to select the most examined. Color codes (e.g., OAC 663) were based on the appropriate model of DNA substitution for each data set Online Auction Color Chart (Kramer 2004). Basidiomata or data partition used in the analyses. The convergence were dried with a food dehydrator (Total Chef TCFD-05 diagnostic was calculated every 100 generations, and its Deluxe; Koolatron Corporation, Taiwan) at about 40 C. critical value was set in order to automatically stop the For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the basi- analysis when the standard deviation of the split fre- diospores, fragments of the hymenophore were quencies had reached the value defined by the stopval removed from dried basidiomata, mounted directly on command (stoprule = yes stopval = 0.01). In all analyses, aluminum stubs using carbon adhesive tabs, coated the first 25% of trees from each run were discarded as with 30 nm of gold, and examined with a scanning burn-in. Resulting trees from the two independent runs electron microscope (JEOL JSM-6390LV), operating at were then pooled to produce one 50% majority-rule 10KeV, at the Laboratório Central de Microscopia consensus tree, and Bayesian posterior probabilities Eletrônica of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BPPs) were generated for the resulting tree. A node (LCME-UFSC). Line drawings were traced from digital was considered well supported if it showed a BPP photographs. Voucher material was deposited at FLOR ≥0.96 and/or bootstrap (BS) ≥80%. The ingroup and ICN. Duplicates are at VIES (Thiers, continuously included sequences of Fistulinella, Austroboletus, updated). Veloporphyrellus, and Mucilopilus. Bothia and Solioccasus were used as outgroups since they are the Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses.—DNA sister group to Austroboletoideae (Wu et al. 2014). All extraction from dried basidiomata followed Góes- phylogenetic trees were visualized using FigTree Neto et al. (2005). The primer pairs ITS6-R/ITS8-F (Morariu et al. 2009). and LR0R/LR7 were used to amplify the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) and nuc 28S rDNA (28S) regions following Dentinger et al. RESULTS (2010). Sequencing was performed by Macrogen Korea using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Molecular analysis.— Eleven new sequences of Sequence chromatograms were manually checked, and Fistulinella (seven ITS and four 28S) were generated contigs were assembled and edited in Geneious 6.1.8 during this study. ITS BLASTn queries of the Brazilian (Kearse et al. 2012). Alignments were generated using specimens of Fistulinella indicate
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