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Precision Glass and Glass-Ceramics Influence Signal Strength

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Precision Glass and Glass-Ceramics Influence Signal Strength Schott at the Sharp Edge Precision glass and glass-ceramics influence signal strength oday’s geospatial reality involves mobile installations, the importance of them in Germany. In 2019 it reported a world awash with sensors. As sensor encasement grows. annual revenues of €2.2b, of which T developers seek to embed lidar None of this is new to German glass 87% was generated outside Germany. technology in ever smaller, increasingly manufacturer Schott, which is part of Schott is well known in the geospatial the Carl Zeiss Stiftung, the foundation community, because its glass has been that includes also the famous Carl Zeiss widely used in lenses for surveying company. and photogrammetric instruments. Headquartered in Mainz, Germany, Publisher Allen Cheves and managing Schott AG specializes in the editor Stewart Walker, therefore, were manufacture of glass and glass-ceramics. delighted to receive an invitation to The company employs over 16,000 visit the Schott facility, a few kilometers people in 34 countries, almost 40% of from the spot where Johannes BY ALLEN CHEVES & DR. A. STEWART WALKER Displayed with permission • LIDAR Magazine • Vol. 10 No. 4 • Copyright 2020 Spatial Media • www.lidarmag.com Schott at the Schott’s headquarters in Mainz, Germany, established in 1952 after the business was Sharp Edge moved from Jena after World War II. Gutenberg’s movable-type printing stained-glass window, lit by the morning bent and folded, and fiber optics. We press revolutionized the transmission of sun. We enjoyed a guided tour of the marveled at the application areas, which knowledge some 580 years prior. remarkable museum, marveling at Schott categorizes as home appliances, the range of glass and glass-ceramic life sciences, astronomy, pharma, Schott headquarters in Mainz products created by the company since electronics and automotive. Our hosts were Christine Fuhr, its foundation. Indeed, “museum” isn’t The various technical developments innovation/technology communications quite the right word, as the extensive for which Schott is renowned are too manager, entering her 30th year with space includes superb displays of the numerous to describe here, but there’s Schott, and Jonas Spitra, latest Schott products and concepts. a fine list on the website1. While most manager corporate The innovation and ingenuity of and innovation Schott’s top-class engineers have clearly 1 https://www.us.schott.com/english/ communication. endured throughout the company’s company/corporate_history/milestones. html#block166818 On entering the more than 135-year history. We building, we saw amazing technologies, such admired as glass with almost zero thermal the huge expansion, glass that can be Displayed with permission • LIDAR Magazine • Vol. 10 No. 4 • Copyright 2020 Spatial Media • www.lidarmag.com LIDAR Magazine readers are focused and low price2. Schott is extremely primarily on the geospatial, Schott’s willing to become involved in lidar and glass products are used in a myriad of can contribute a great deal in terms of applications. Kitchen stove tops, for materials and components, which Boris example, are a gigantic market. There summarized in the message, “Glass, are, of course, other high-quality optical glass-ceramic, and glass-to-metal sealed glass manufacturers, but products components protect lidar sensors, such as Schott’s BK7 (now N-BK7) are while maintaining a high optical recognized by almost anyone in the performance”. This includes protective optical industry. Hexagon Geosystems, windows; filters, mirror substrates and for example, uses BK7/N-BK7 in lenses for the optical path; and hermetic important components of several of its packaging for harsh conditions. Schott systems, for example optical windows. explains much of this on its website, When it comes to focal optics, the with a focus on automotive applications, designers have a large number of glass Boris Eichhorn, managing Schott’s charge though the company’s interest extends into lidar types to choose from. They use glass beyond AVs to robotics and many other with specific characteristics for each applications related to geological and individual lens in a system, balancing industrial uses. In order to reach the optical and mechanical characteristics mass market, however, manufacturers with the particular prescription desired Glass, glass-ceramic, need components that meet exact for the element to produce an optimal and glass-to-metal performance standards economically. overall design. Companies such as “ High-quality protective windows Schott target specific characteristics, sealed components must be tough to withstand unforgiving for example, transmission wavelength protect lidar sensors, conditions. A lidar sensor has to function range, scattering and refractive index reliably at a high level to provide a (among many others), in order to while maintaining continuous situational picture, so it offer products that can ultimately be a high optical needs protection from rain, temperature employed across the widest possible performance. fluctuations and impacts from stones range of optical devices. ” and other debris. Protective windows, moreover, must feature high transmission Enter lidar at lidar wavelengths that allows near Schott is interested in lidar. To learn infrared (NIR) to pass through, while more about Schott’s lidar strategy and mentioned glass solutions for protective attenuating visible ambient light. positions, we were joined for lunch windows as well as the optical paths and For the optical path of a lidar by Boris Eichhorn, senior manager hermetic packaging for laser diodes, system, filters, substrates and lenses new ventures. Coming to Schott from MEMS mirrors and photo diodes. As a must provide high performance. The Siemens in 2017, he had worked on result of its development path, Schott is precision of the interacting components Schott’s initiatives in augmented reality able to occupy different positions in the is key, because the laser beam cannot before specializing in lidar. He explained value chains of companies,whether they afford any loss of photons. Lidar sensors that Schott has built a growth platform, are component and sensor providers, must deliver long-lasting, high image which causes customers and prospective system integrators or tier 1s. quality regardless of temperature differ- customers to come to the company, According to a market study by Yole ences or aggressive climate conditions. looking for solutions. Schott can play Développement of Lyon, France, 70% High transmission and an athermal lens a proactive consultancy role, i.e. go of the lidar market will be automotive beyond being a materials supplier. He by 2025, characterized by high volume 2 http://www.yole.fr/Lidar_Market_Status.aspx Displayed with permission • LIDAR Magazine • Vol. 10 No. 4 • Copyright 2020 Spatial Media • www.lidarmag.com MIRROR MECHANICAL 360° MECHANICAL FLASH MEMS Schematic diagrams of Schott solutions in several varieties of automotive lidar (top four views). The bottom diagram shows the various Schott components that could be deployed in a MEMS lidar. system design are typically taken into against internal condensation and The component quality has a tremendous account. Overall, lidar sensors require challenging external elements of the impact on system performance. superior imaging quality, while they driving environment in all types of lidar Used as an entrance window, must be compact and lightweight. sensor devices. Schott believes that BOROFLOAT provides extremely high Hermetic packages protect and professional support and consulting light transmission while remaining power lidar sensors to withstand is needed when it comes to product strong, lightweight, and resistant to demanding conditions like vibrations, size, shape, materials, technology, potential corrosive environments or shock, dust, moisture and extreme and all-round R&D support as well as thermal changes. High transmission temperatures. The use of the best solutions optimized for competitive, at the relevant laser wavelength is suited glass, for example, could high-volume manufacturing. especially important as it ensures that ameliorate some of the problems lidar BOROFLOAT®33, a technical float light passes unimpeded through the experiences in conditions such as snow glass from Schott, is gaining traction in entrance window, which serves as a and ice. Laser diodes, photo diodes lidar applications because of its excellent protective cover for the components and MEMS mirrors must be protected material properties at reasonable prices. inside. If the entrance window Displayed with permission • LIDAR Magazine • Vol. 10 No. 4 • Copyright 2020 Spatial Media • www.lidarmag.com impairs the lidar signal, it will not see its surroundings accurately. BOROFLOAT’s high transmission properties stem from the use of extremely pure raw materials. It features greater than 92% light transmittance in the NIR wavelength range, outstanding colorless visual Fabrication of the 4.25 m diameter secondary mirror for the Extremely Large Telescope, appearance, low auto-fluorescence, the centerpiece of the European Southern Observatory in Chile. The material used was ZERODUR, which has proved efficacious in Schott’s astronomy market. high resistance to solarization, and a low refractive index. BOROFLOAT also has a very strong microstructure, Lidar systems use lasers of a specific the wavelength of interest to be transmitted resulting in high material hardness, wavelength, typically 905 or 1550 nm. or received. BOROFLOAT glass
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