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The Foreign Service Journal, December 2009

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The Foreign Service Journal, December 2009 C1-C4_FSJ_1209_COV:proof 11/25/09 2:06 PM Page C1 GETTING THE WORD OUT ■ A CZECHERED RECORD ■ THE DARK HORSE SEMIANNUAL SCHOOLS SUPPLEMENT $3.50 / DECEMBER 2009 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L STHE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS BEAT THE CLOCK The Renewed Push for Arms Control C1-C4_FSJ_1209_COV:proof 11/25/09 2:06 PM Page C2 01-19_FSJ_1209_FRO:first 11/25/09 3:14 PM Page 1 01-19_FSJ_1209_FRO:first 11/25/09 3:15 PM Page 2 01-19_FSJ_1209_FRO:first 11/25/09 3:15 PM Page 3 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L S CONTENTS December 2009 Volume 86, No. 12 F OCUS ON Arms Control ORGANIZING FOR ARMS CONTROL: 1945-2009 / 21 Preventing the use of nuclear weapons remains the urgent priority it has been from the dawn of the atomic age. By Pierce S. Corden A NUCLEAR REDUCTIONS PRIMER / 29 The Obama administration is focusing on three major arms control agreements. This is what you need to know about them. By Sally K. Horn THE IMPORTANCE OF VERIFICATION / 37 Cover and inside illustrations No arms control agreement can succeed unless each party by Adam Niklewicz is satisfied with the others’ compliance. By Paula A. DeSutter PRESIDENT’S VIEWS / 5 THE CASE FOR THE CTBT / 43 Mind the Gap: Addressing Prospects for ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Foreign Service Readiness are much improved. Here is why. By Susan R. Johnson By Daryl G. Kimball SPEAKING OUT / 12 EATURE Restore State’s Office of F Public Communications By Alexis Ludwig MY PRAGUE SECRET POLICE FILE / 48 A 30-year-old file brings to life a bygone era of dreary tension FS KNOW-HOW / 15 and gives one retired FSO an unusual perspective on his career. Effective Networking for By Frederick Quinn Diplomats — Introverts or Not By Ruth M. Schimel S CHOOLS S UPPLEMENT LETTER FROM THE EDITOR / 18 COMMUNITY COLLEGES: TIME TO TAKE ANOTHER LOOK? / 65 By Steven Alan Honley The nation’s community college system has become the launching pad to professional careers and advanced education REFLECTIONS / 100 for more than half of all college students. A Day at the Races By Rebecca Grappo By Ginny Young SCHOOLS AT A GLANCE / 81 Essential data on educational choices. LETTERS / 7 FLO PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FELLOWSHIPS / 86 CYBERNOTES / 9 BOOKS / 63 THE ABCS OF EDUCATION ALLOWANCES / 90 INDEX TO 2009 COLLEGE RANKINGS: SERVING THE NATION / 96 ADVERTISERS / 98 DECEMBER 2009/FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL 3 01-19_FSJ_1209_FRO:first 11/25/09 3:15 PM Page 4 OREIGN ERVICE CONTENTS FJ O U R N A L S Editor AFSA NEWS STEVEN ALAN HONLEY Senior Editor SUSAN B. MAITRA AFSA PRESIDENT KEEPS UP MOMENTUM ON THE HILL / 53 Associate Editor HONORING DISSENT / 53 SHAWN DORMAN AFSA News Editor BRIEFS, AGGELER / 54 FRANCESCA KELLY Ad & Circulation Manager VP STATE: PRIDE AND PREJUDICE / 55 ED MILTENBERGER Art Director VP USAID: WHEN THE SOLUTION IS THE PROBLEM / 56 CARYN SUKO SMITH LEGISLATIVE UPDATE: SICK LEAVE, HOMEBUYER CREDIT / 56 Editorial Intern AMANDA ANDERSON VP FAS: BEEN THERE, DONE THAT / 57 Advertising Intern LOTTE REIJMER YEAR-END MESSAGE FROM IAN HOUSTON / 57 EDITORIAL BOARD EGAL EFENSE UND HERE HEN EMBERS EED T TED WILKINSON L D F : T W M N I / 58 Chairman MAY G. BAPTISTA FUND FOR AMERICAN DIPLOMACY / 59 JOSEPH BRUNS FAMILY MEMBER MATTERS: MAKING MAMA HAPPY / 60 STEPHEN W. B UCK JULIE GIANELLONI CONNOR CLASSIFIEDS / 61 JEFF GIAUQUE MARY E. GLANTZ D. IAN HOPPER GEORGE JONES LYNN W. R OCHE RIMA J. VYDMANTAS A time of service…a time of need THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is Help for Seniors May published monthly with a combined July-August issue by the American Foreign Service Associa- tion (AFSA), a private, nonprofit organization. Material appearing herein represents the opin- Be Just a Phone Call Away— ions of the writers and does not necessarily rep- resent the views of the Journal, the Editorial The Senior Living Foundation may be Board or AFSA. Writer queries and submissions are invited, preferably by e-mail. Journal sub- able to help you or someone you know. scription: AFSA members – $13 included in an- nual dues; others – $40. For foreign surface mail, Some examples of assistance are: add $18 per year; foreign airmail, $36 per year. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and N Home Health Care at additional mailing offices. Indexed by Public Affairs Information Services (PAIS). The Journal N Adult Day Care & Respite Care is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, photos or illustrations. Advertising inquiries are N Prescription Drug Copayments invited. The appearance of advertisements herein does not imply the endorsement of the N Transportation to Medical Appointments services or goods offered. TELEPHONE: (202) 338-4045 N Durable Medical Equipment FAX: (202) 338-8244 or (202) 338-6820 E-MAIL: [email protected] WEB: www.afsa.org; www.fsjournal.org For more information, please contact the © American Foreign Service Association, 2009. SENIOR LIVING FOUNDATION Printed in the U.S.A. Send address changes to: OF THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE AFSA Attn: Address Change 1716 N Street, NW N Washington, DC 20036-2902 2101 E Street N.W. Phone: (202) 887-8170 N Fax: (202) 872-9320 Washington DC 20037-2990 E-Mail: [email protected] N Web Site: www.SLFoundation.org Printed on 50-percent recycled paper, of which 10 percent is post-consumer waste. SPONSORED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION 4 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL/DECEMBER 2009 01-19_FSJ_1209_FRO:first 11/25/09 3:15 PM Page 5 PRESIDENT’S VIEWS Mind the Gap: Addressing FS Readiness BY SUSAN R. JOHNSON I recently testified on be- cant shortages of mid-level guage shortfalls persist in areas of strate- half of AFSA at a Senate sub- officers at hardship posts, gic interest (the Near East, South and committee hearing on “A with 34 percent of mid-level Central Asia), where 40 percent of offi- Review of Diplomatic Readi- generalist positions filled by cers in LDPs did not meet require- ness: Addressing the Staffing officers in one- or two-grade ments. Gaps are particularly large in and Foreign Language Chal- “up stretches;” a sharp rise in Afghanistan and Iraq, where 73 and 57 lenges Facing the Foreign the number of unaccompa- percent, respectively, of FSOs lacked Service.” While the focus was on the nied tours since 2006 (from 700 to 900); adequate language skills. Shortfalls in State Department, this problem con- and, overall, 670 positions left unfilled super-critical languages such as Arabic cerns all five foreign affairs agencies. since 2005. and Chinese have remained at the 2005 As I noted in my testimony, diplomat- The GAO recommends that State level of 39 percent. ic readiness goes to the heart of building make the assignment of experienced of- To address these critical gaps, the re- a strong and professional Foreign Service ficers to hardship posts an explicit pri- port recommends that State “develop a that will equip the U.S. to lead in the in- ority, and develop and implement a plan comprehensive strategic plan that links creasingly complex and interdependent to evaluate incentives for hardship post all of State’s efforts to meet its foreign world of the 21st century. I would like to assignments. AFSA concurs in both language requirements.” AFSA con- share the key findings on mid-level recommendations. curs with this recommendation, as well. staffing and training problems, and so- The second GAO report, “Compre- There are several ways to address licit your views on ways we can address hensive Plan Needed to Address Per- these pressing needs: greater use of re- them in both the short and long term. sistent Language Shortfalls,” urges State cent retirees with the right experience The hearing followed up on ones to evaluate the effectiveness of its efforts and skills to meet gaps at hardship posts; held in 2006. It was based on Govern- to increase language proficiency. Pro- a requirement to serve at a high-differ- ment Accountability Office reports is- ceeding from the premise that foreign ential (20-percent or higher) hardship sued earlier this year. language proficiency is a key skill for ef- post for promotion over the Senior For- The first report, “Additional Steps fective U.S. diplomacy, this report as- eign Service threshold; more opportu- Needed to Address Continuing Staff- sesses how State is meeting its foreign nities for spouses to work at hardship ing and Experience Gaps at Hardship language requirements, the difficulties posts, perhaps for other government Posts,” focuses on whether State has it faces, and the extent to which it has a agencies; more support for families left made progress in addressing these gaps comprehensive strategy to determine at home during unaccompanied tours since 2006 and on how effectively it has and meet such requirements. (as the military has in Military One); used incentives to do so. The GAO The report found significant gaps in more “credit” for proficiency in hard found a 17-percent average vacancy State’s foreign language capabilities, and super-hard languages; and greater rate at posts of greatest hardship, twice which “could hinder U.S. overseas op- linkage of language training to career the rate at non-hardship posts; signifi- erations.” Specifically, 31 percent of planning. Foreign Service generalists in language- What do you think? Please send Susan R. Johnson is the president of the designated positions did not meet the your suggestions to me at Johnson@ American Foreign Service Association. proficiency requirements. Foreign lan- afsa.org.
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