DOCSLIB.ORG

New Communication Technologies: a Challenge for Press Freedom. No

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
New Communication Technologies: a Challenge for Press Freedom. No DOCUMENT RESUME ED 365 308 IR 016 489 AUTHOR Sparks, Colin, Ed. TITLE New Communication Technologies: A Challenge for Press Freedom. No. 106. Reports and Papers on Mass Communication. INSTITUTION United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). REPORT NO ISBN-92-3-102519-8 PUB DATE 15 Nov 91 NOTE 109p. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) Viewpoints (Opinion/Position Papers, Essays, etc.) (120) Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC05 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Case Studies; *Censorship; *Communications; Democracy; Foreign Countries; *Freedom of Information; Freedom of Speech; *Information Technology; Journalism Education; *Mass Media; Mass Media Role; News Media; Questionnaires; Videotape Cassettes IDENTIFIERS Africa (Sub Sahara); Chile; Europe; Ghana; North America; Sweden; Teacher Surveys ABSTRACT This volume enlarges upon questions concerning censorship and self-censorship and provides case studies as well as theoretical reflection on the relationship between new technology and media freedom. The seven essays included in this collection deal with two central contemporary problems of the mass media--freedom and democracy. The papers are: "Exit the Censor, Enter the Regulator" (Leonard R. Sussman); "Impact of New Information and Communication Technologies on Information Diversity in North America and Western Europe" (Nicholas Garnham); "The Impact of Electronic Mass Media in Sweden" (Charly Hulten); "Video-Cassette Recorders in Ghana: Impact on Press Freedom in Sub-Saharan Africa" (S. T. Kwame Boafo); "New Communication Technologies and Information Freedom in Latin America" (Rafael Roncagliolo); "New Communication Technologies and Press Freedom: A Chilean Case Study" (Fernando Reyes Matta); and "The Media as Fourth Estate: A Survey of Journalism Educators' Views" (Colin Sparks and Slavko Splichal). The first three papers are concerned with the larger picture and the larger media; the second three are concerned with the "marginal" rather than the dominant media; and the final paper deals with some of the problems of the media and democracy in terms of their staff and resources. (TMK) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** No. 106 New Communication Technologies: a challenge for Press Freedom U.S. DEPAPTMENT Of EDUCATION Office ot Educational Roswell and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES S INFORMATION CENTERERIC) 0 This document nes been reproduced as received horn the perSOrt or organization originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Ouatity Points ot view or opini ons spited n this docu. men do not necessenly represent official OERI position or pOtCy C O 0 E E O co 2as C O 0. Cu so C cv 0. MC) "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCETHIS MATERIAL HAS BEENGRANTED BY F. Zanuttini tfeerj) BEST COPY AVAILABLE TO THE EDUCATIONAL 02 RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTERIERICI." 15 November 1991 REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION Request for permission to reproduce the Reports in full or in part should be addressed to the UNESCO Press. The following reports and papers have so far been issued and are obtainable from National Distributors of UNESCO Publications or from the Sector for Culture and Communication, Information and Informatics, UNESCO, 7 place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris. The following titles have been published in English and French. Titles marked with an asterisk are also published in Spanish, those marked 'a'inArabic, and the one marked 'r' in Russian. Number Number 50 Television and the social education of women, 1967 80 Media studies in education, 1977 51 An African experiment in radio forums for rural development. '81 External radio broadcasting and international Ghana, 1964/1965, 1968 understanding, 1977 52 Book development in Asia. A report on the production and '83 National communication policy councils, 1979 distribution of books in the region, 1967 '84 Mass Media: The image, role and social condition of 53 Communication satellites for education, science and women, 1979 culture, 1967. '85 New values and principles of cross-cultural 54 8mm film for adult audiences, 1968 communication, 1979 55 Television for higher technical education of the employed. A 86 Mass Media. Codesof ethics and councils, 1980 first report on a pilot project in Poland, 1969 87 Communication in the community, 1980 56 Book development in Africa. Problems and perspectives. 1969. '88 Rural journalism in Africa, 1981 57 Script writing for short films. 1969 '89 The SACl/EXTERN project in Brazil: An analytical case 58 Removing taxes on knowledge, 1969 study, 1981 59 Mass Media in society. The need of research, 1970 '90 Community communications the role of community 60 Broadcasting from space, 1970 media in development, 1981 61 Principles of cultural co-operation. 1970 91 The S.I.T.E. experience, 1981 62 Radio and television in literacy, 1971 V. Transnational communication and cultural industries, 1982. 63 The Mass Media in a violent world, 1971 '93 Foreign News in the Media: International Reporting in 64 The role of film in development, 1971 29 countries 65 The practice of mass communication: some lessons from r, a '94 The right to communicate: A status report, 1982 research, 1972 a '95 Development of communication in the Arab States: Needs 66 A guide to satellite communication, 1972 and priorities, 1985 67 Television for higher technical education of workers. Final '97 Mass communications and the advertising industry report on a pilot proje..c:t in Poland, 1973 '98 The new international economic order: links between 68 Cinematographic institutions, 1973 economics and communications 69 Mass Media in an African context, 1973 99 International Flow of Information: A Global Report and '70 Television traffica one-way street?, 1974 Analysis 71 Anatomy of an international year, Book Year, 1972-1974 100 International Flow of Television Programmes, 1985 72 Promoting the reading habit, 1975 '101 Communication, Technology and Development, 1988 73 Training for mass communication, 1975 102 Violence and Terror in the Mass Media, 1988 '74 National communication systems. Some policy issue and '103 The Vigilant Press: a collection of case-studies, 1989 options, 1975 *104 Import/Export: International Flow of Television Fiction, 75 Technology and access communications media, 1975 1990 *76 Towards realistic communication policies, 1976 "105 New Communication Technologies: Research Trends. 1991 '77 Cross-cultural broadcasting, 1976 *106 New Communication Technologies: a Challenge for Press '78 Planning for satellite broadcasting Freedom, 1991 '79 The economics of book publishing in developing countries. 1977 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 03 No. 106 New Communication Technologies: a Challenge for Press Freedom Edited by Colin Sparks, School of Communication, Polytechnic of Central London, United Kingdom UNESCO 04 ISBN 92-3-102519-8 Published in 1991 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris, France Printed in the workshops of UNESCO © UNESCO 1991 Printed in France Preface Press freedom, media independence and informationplural- But the practice of media freedom needs a firm theoreti- for ism are among the concerns most strongly highlighted by cal base, and the Third Medium-Term Plan also called UNESCO's Third Medium-Term Plan for 1990-1995. studies on 'the impact of new communication technologies When it was adopted by the twenty-fifth session of the on information pluralism and mediapractice'. It is the out- this issue of the UNESCO General Conference in November 1989, the ob- come of these studies that is reflected in (RPMC) jective of the Medium-Term Plan's communication pro- Reports and Papers on Mass Communication gramme was summarized as follows: series. The volume enlarges upon a number of the questions already tackled To render more operational the concern of the Organization to concemmg censorship and self-censorship in The Vigilant Press (RPMC, No. 103), and provides case - ensure a free flow of information at international aswell as national relationship levels, and its wider and better balanced dissemination,without studies as well as theoretical reflection on the any obstacle to the freedom of expression,and to strengthen com- between new technology and media freedom. The new com- munication capacities in the developing countries, so that they may munication technologies, themselves the subject of a recent participate more actively in the communication process. issue in this series entitled New CommunicationTechno- logies: Research Trends (RPMC, No. 105), haverevived i.e. whether In practical terms, this new focus was put to the test earlyin and sharpened interest in a perennial problem, the 1990 when UNESCO, reacting promptly to developmentsin the new technologies increase freedom and choice or, on Eastern Europe, organized an informal meeting grouping contrary, facilitate control and conformity. journalists and editors from Eastern and Western Europe to The work has been edited by Dr Colin Sparks, Professor discuss how independent media could be assistedin the at the Polytechnic of Central Londonand an editor of Media, He East. The follow-up to that meeting featured such areas as Culture and Society, a leading communication journal. technology transfer, professional training and advice on has also co-authored the survey in the present workof the the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Grand Valley Ledger Wny La
    €iNe w TV Magazine Hi1 n00;: In This Issue'* Hi,,, -» ^ n i • k . Complete Listings For 'the - . ai:•' Lowell Cable TV System 4 49204 0 l« Scat ri of The Grand Valley Ledger wny lA Volume 7, Issue 21 Serving Lowell Area jgf Reader* Since 1893March 30. 1983 Teachers and Board come to terms on contract After months of sometimes to them by contract paid in equal payment of from 16 to 30 percent blame already-high taxes and as- would be willing to see the bus- grams they were willing to sup- tense negotiations, the Lowell installments until the last pay of the retiree's regular teaching sessments for the March 14 mil- ing program discontinued for the port with a favorable millage MBS Hducation Association and the date of the 1982-83 school year. salary lage defeat more than anything sake of improved instructional vote. The survey listed busing, a Bill Lowell Board of Education In addition, teachers will re- In a special meeting of the else. Fifty-one percent of the re- programs This figure compares six-hour school day. extra-cur- Wednesday ratified a three-year ceive salary increases of 6 per- board held Wednesday, March spondents said that taxes were with 41 percent for non-parents ncular activities, buildings and contract agreement which gives cent for the 1983-84 school year, 23, High School Assistant Prin- the reason for the millage defeat, These results were significant grounds improvements, and in- teachers the retroactive pay in- and 6-1/2 percent for the year cipal Dick Korb explained the re- compared with 20 percent who to Korb because they seemed to structional improvements.
    [Show full text]
  • BUSINESS How to Use The
    t n - MANCHESTKH HERALD. Mundav. Oct. 17. 1<)H3 Manchester, Conn, j' BUSINESS Cloudy, cold tonight;. Tuesday, Oct. 18, 1983 mostly sunny Wednesday Single copy: 258 Business Holt sees quick dip in gold on horizon — See page 2 In As an investment adviser, Tom Holt's been dead their recent highs, helped In large measure by healthy CIGNA names senior VP wrong on the stock market for quite a while. Dubbed dividend puyquts. ' "super bear," he's been consistently warning of But a lower gold price (which ultimately impacts BLOOMFIELD — Stephen H. Mathenson has major breaks in the market — with the Dow tumbling Dan Dorfnian the dividends) now means lower industry revenues been appointed a senior vice president in CIGNA to the 500 to 600 level. So many who may have followed and profits. And therefore, says Holt, it's almost House unit fights Corp.'s Qroup Pension Division. his advice in recent years — which has included a certain that most mining eompanies will report Mathensoh will be responsible lor sales, new series of short sale recommendations (a bet.On lower Syndicated unfavorable.third-quarter earnings comparisons. business underwriting and major accounts, So Holt's advice: If you own any gold stocksl beat stock prices) no doubt are a lot poorer. Columnist Mathenson most recently served- as vice In one area, though. Holt has shined — his^early the crowd and sell out now. ; . president of planning for ,CIGNA and was warnings (dating back to the early '80s) that the gold Obviously, ditto on gofd itself.. , over phone rates responsible for operational and strategic plan­ •play was over.
    [Show full text]
  • Billboard-1987-11-21.Pdf
    ICD 08120 HO V=.r. (:)r;D LOE06 <0 4<-12, t' 1d V AiNE3'c:0 AlNClh 71. MW S47L9 TOO, £L6LII.000 7HS68 >< .. , . , 906 lIOIa-C : , ©ORMAN= $ SPfCl/I f011I0M Follows page 40 R VOLUME 99 NO. 47 THE INTERNATIONAL NEWSWEEKLY OF MUSIC AND HOME ENTERTAINMENT November 21, 1987/$3.95 (U.S.), $5 (CAN.) CBS /Fox Seeks Copy Depth Many At Coin Meet See 45s As Strong Survivor with `Predator' two -Pack CD Jukeboxes Are Getting Big Play "Predator" two-pack is Jan. 21; indi- and one leading manufacturer Operators Assn. Expo '87, held here BY AL STEWART vidual copies will be available at re- BY MOIRA McCORMICK makes nothing else. Also on the rise Nov. 5-7 at the Hyatt Regency Chi- NEW YORK CBS /Fox Home Vid- tail beginning Feb. 1. CHICAGO While the majority of are video jukeboxes, some using la- cago. More than 7,000 people at- eo will test a novel packaging and According to a major -distributor jukebox manufacturers are confi- ser technology, that manufacturers tended the confab, which featured pricing plan in January, aimed at re- source, the two -pack is likely to be dent that the vinyl 45 will remain a say are steadily gaining in populari- 185 exhibits of amusement, music, lieving what it calls a "critical offered to dealers for a wholesale viable configuration for their indus- ty. and vending equipment. depth -of-copy problem" in the rent- price of $98.99. Single copies, which try, most are beginning to experi- Those were the conclusions Approximately 110,000 of the al market.
    [Show full text]
  • Moslems Free Fhipino Nuns; American Held
    g4 - MANCHESTER HERALD. Wednesday July 16. 1986 f \ } - \ MANCHESTER SPORTS TAG SALE SIGN Federal approval New Life Center Cycle in gear helps town project ( V h SAU Are things piling up? Then why not have a TAG SALE? offers new hope In softball play The best way to announce it is with a Heraid Tag Sale ... page 3 ... page 11 Classified Ad. When you piace your ad, you’ii receive ... page 15 ONE TAG SALE SIGN FREE, compliments of The Heraid. STOP IN AT OUR OFFICE, 1 HERALD SQUARE, MANCHESTER ^ HOMES HOMES KIT ‘N’ CARLYLE ®by Larry Wright FOR SALE FOR SALE BUSINESS & SERVICE DIREaORY aurh^BtrrManchester - A City of Village Charm HrralJi I CARPENTRY/ ■A, J MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS CHILD CARE I REMOOELINfi iBi I SERVICES SERVICES Thursday, July 17, 1986 25 Cents Part time babysitter, Remodellng/Carpentry Odd lobs. Trucking. days, experience pre­ Work. Additions, decks Home repdirs. You name ferred, call after 5 PM. and repoirs.lnsured. Call It, we do It: Free ettl- 643-5685. David Cprmler, 649^4236. motes. Insured. 643-0304. O & O Landscaping. V < ^ Lottery tion cuttings, hedtie trim- Need A Good Tenant? miong, Prunlngs, flower Moslems free CARPENTRY/ Zimmer management will & shrub plantings. Free I I P A IN T IN G / find well qualfled, good REMODELING 0 estimates. Call 659-2436 wins out I PAPERING paying tenant for your otter 5:30pm. rentol property In East of Farrand Remodeling — Name your own price — the River area. Many Cabinets, roofing, gut­ Father and son. Fast, years of experience. Very Bookkeeping tuilcharge over lunch FHipino nuns; ters, room additions, dependable service.
    [Show full text]
  • — Samizdat. Between Practices and Representations Lecture Series at Open Society Archives, Budapest
    — Samizdat. Between Practices and Representations Lecture Series at Open Society Archives, Budapest, No February-June . Publications IAS — Samizdat. Between Practices and Representations Lecture Series at Open Society Archives, Budapest, February-June 2013. edited by valentina parisi — Co-sponsored by the Central European University Institute for Advanced Study and eurias — Colophon Parisi, Valentina (ed.) Samizdat. Between Practices and Representations Lecture Series at Open Society Archives, Budapest, February-June 2013. ias Publications No 1 © Central European University, Institute for Advanced Study 2015 Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-615-5547-00-3 First published: February 2015 Proofreading: Christopher Ryan Graphic design: Ákos Polgárdi Typefaces: Adobe Jenson & Arquitecta — Contents Acknowledgements p. 005 Preface p. 007 The common pathways of samizdat and piracy p. 019 Balázs Bodó “Music on ribs”. Samizdat as a medium p. 035 Tomáš Glanc The media dimension of samizdat. p. 047 The Präprintium exhibition project Sabine Hänsgen The dispersed author. The problem of literary authority p. 063 in samizdat textual production Valentina Parisi Movement, enterprise, network. The political economy p. 073 of the Polish underground press Piotr Wciślik Samizdat as social practice and communication circuit p. 087 Olga Zaslavskaya Authors p. 101 Index of names p. 105 — 3 — 4 — Acknowledgements This volume brings together the texts of all the lectures delivered at the Open Society Archives (OSA) in Budapest in the
    [Show full text]
  • FROM SOLIDARNOŚĆ to FREEDOM International Conference Warsaw-Gdańsk August 29-31, 2005
    P A R T N E R S & SP O N S O R S of our International Conference FROM SOLIDARNOŚĆ TO FREEDOM International Conference Warsaw-Gdańsk August 29-31, 2005 Conference Chairman: Bronisław Geremek Programme Director: Eugeniusz Smolar Executive Director: Henryk Sikora The Solidarity Center Foundation Lech Wałęsa Institute Warsaw-Gdańsk 2005 Conference organized by: The Solidarity Center Foundation, ul. Wały Piastowskie 24, 80-855 Gdańsk The Lech Wałęsa Institute, Al. Jerozolimskie 11/19, 00-508 Warsaw The Conference was organized under the auspices of: the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, Mr. Terry Davis and the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, OSCE Supervising Editor of both the Polish- and English-language volumes: Nina Smolar Editor of this volume: Philip Earl Steele Photos from the conference available at: www.solidarity25.pl © The Solidarity Center Foundation, 2005 ISBN 978-83-60089-18-7 EAN 9788360089187 Our conference and this publication were made possible thanks to the financial support of the European Commission. The addresses and comments delivered at the conference – and, thus, the texts contained in this publication – reflect the views of their authors. The European Commission cannot be held responsible for their substance. The Solidarity Center Foundation and the Lech Wałęsa Institute would like to thank the Government of the Republic of Poland and the Council for the Protection of the Memory of Combat and Martyrdom for their financial support. The approaching 25th anniversary of the founding of NSZZ "Solidarność" prompts us to take a look back at history and ask questions about our future. The path blazed by "Solidarność" has opened new civilizational opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain Severs Ties with Libya
    5,000 attend Easter parade under cloudy skies, B1 GREATER RED BANK EATONTOWN Serious condition Sixers hang tough LONG BRANCH Middletown policeman Stave off elimination battles rare disease. Today's Forecast by beating Nets, 108-100. More rain today Page A7 Page B2 Complete weather on A2 The Daily Register VOL. 106 NO. 24!49 YOUR HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER . SINCE 1878 ^"""^ MONDAY, APRIL 23, 19198£ 4 . 25 CENTS Britain severs ties with Libya LONDON (AP) - Britain sev- ered diplomatic relations with Libya and ordered the Libyan Embassy vacated within a week — a move officials concede is likely to mean freedom for the gunman who killed a policewomen and wounded 11 Libyan dissidents. Libya expressed "astonishment and displeasure" at the British order, announced yesterday, and declared it "holds the British government responsible for this decision and its consequences." The move was designed to end a diplomatic standoff that began last Tuesday, when a submachine gun was fired from an embassy window at Libyan exiles demonstrating against Col. Moammar Khadafy's regime, killing Constable Yvonne Fletcher and injuring 11 protesters. EASTER WORSHIP •» Worshipers leaving Middletown. after Easter services. The five-story building has been Christ Episcopal Church, Kings Highway, ringed by police marksmen since then. Libya gave no indication when the 20 to 30 diplomats and students in the embassy would leave. Britain Families enjoy Easter said the building in St. James's Square will lose its diplomatic status — and immunity from assault — at midnight Sunday. Home Secretary Leon Brittan despite chilly weather said the emerging Libyans would be searched for arms but will be given The weather wasn't perfect on Long Branch, Easter business safe passage home.
    [Show full text]
  • Contras Kidnap Americans KIDNAPPED
    Baseball players go back to work today, 1B Cloudy Chance of showers Highs in the low 80s The Register Complete forecast/Pip 2A Vol. 107 No. 344 YOUR HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER .SINCE 1878 THURSDAY, AUGUST 8, 1985 ?5 CENTS AMERICANS INSIDE Contras kidnap Americans KIDNAPPED United States for the incident and said: "We has sent three embassy officers by auto to the SPORTS MANAGUA, Nicaragua (API - US-backed hold the government of the United States area. It's a three-hour drive. We expect them to rebels firing automatic weapons kidnapped 29 responsible for the physical integrity of the be be there sometime tonight " American peace activists and 18 journalists kidnapped." And in San Jose, Costa Rica, U.S. Embassy yesterday from a boat on the river dividing In Washington, a spokesman for the peace spokesman Mark Krischik said: "The embassy Nicaragua and Costa Rica, spokesmen for the group, Richard K. Taylor, made a similar is sifting through information and if any U.S. group and the government said statement to reporters. "We will hold President citizen has been kidnapped we will work to Herb Gunn, of Fayetteville, Ark., deputy Reagan and those members of Congress who achieve their release, just as we would in the coordinator of the Witness for Peace group, told voted for Contra (rebel) aid responsible for any United States or in Beirut or anywhere " reporters in Managua he contacted the rebels by injuries inflicted on the people in our group," he The communique, broadcast by state radio, radio and was told the Americans were said. said 29 Americans of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Broadcastingii Oct 24
    The Fifth Estate Broadcastingii Oct 24 Have you noticed how much of Billboard's `Hot 100' is licensed byASCAP these days? For the 6 months ending September 30th We've always had the greats it song '100 points. #100 song.] polrn.etc. a.) n a C COLUMBIA PICTURES INDUSTRIES, INC 1983 49,u Cf Cßl1GPfI Lrn/6h3c*k.Yewei/J4 A RONA II and Spelling /Goldberg Production in association with ,,S/94)1 Your winn ng combination for AM Stereo o 011111° (),, NEGATIVE LETT POSITIVE RIG I SIT CARRIER O CONTINENTAL ELECTRONICS TYPE Phil-EMI AM STEREO MOO. MONITOR _i lo ~661 TO R, CCIhEA LET TO 100 o OAT LITT 5.101*? IR OUTPUT g0:71 L ANOTO OUTPUT RI U OUTPUT roa óÌMÓó c,IPPL.nn o AS ,I Is AM Stereo ready to move up? Hearing is believing. on -air reliability with complete Market -place decisions With the PMX System, AM Stereo transparency. notwithstanding, the recent music sounds like FM Stereo Ultimately, the day -to-day introduction of receivers able to music. So it makes for higher operation of your AM Stereo decode signals from any of the four listener appeal and better System will depend upon systems in use today makes it numbers: For audience and the equipment and service. easier for broadcasters to move bottom line. We stand on our track record of ahead with AM Stereo plans. The Winning Combination providing the best of both. Which system is #1? Our Type 302A Exciter, developed If you're considering AM Stereo, or The PMX (Magnavox) System was for the PMX System, and our new if you just want more facts, give us first selected by the FCC to be the Type PMX -SM 1 AM Stereo a call.
    [Show full text]
  • May 2018 1 Periodical Postageperiodical Paid at Boston, New York
    1918 • ceNteNNiAl of PolANd’SPOLISH rebirth AMERICAN • JOURNAL 2018 • MAY 2018 www.polamjournal.com 1 PERIODICAL POSTAGE PAID AT BOSTON, NEW YORK NEW BOSTON, AT PAID PERIODICAL POSTAGE POLISH AMERICAN OFFICES AND ADDITIONAL ENTRY JOURNALDEDICATED TO THE PROMOTION AND CONTINUANCE OF POLISH AMERICAN CULTURE before rob, there wAS iggy ESTABLISHED 1911 MAY 2018 • VOL. 107, NO. 5 • $2.25 www.polamjournal.com PAGE 14 POLONIA’S MATERNAL SPIRIT • HONORS FOR BENETAR • MAHER CALLS IMPRUDENT BUSINESS PLAN “POLISH” CHRZANOWSKA BECOMES FIRST R.N. TO BE CONSIDERED FOR SAINTHOOD • OWN A PIECE OF POLISH ART HISTORY KRASZEWSKI GIVES MICKIEWICZ’S DZIADY A NEW AUDIENCE • POLONIA PLACES: ST. CASIMIR’S CHURCH, KENOSHA Newsmark Orchard Lake Recognition Well-Deserved Schools Names Polish Ambassador Piotr PolANd SigNS deAl to buy AMericAN Air-de- Wilczek (left) presents dr. feNSe SySteM. Poland has signed an historic deal to Polish Mission thaddeus V. gromada with a buy American Patriot air-defense systems for $4.75 billion. “Nominations Diploma,” which The fi rst Patriot systems are expected to reach Poland by Director ORCHARD LAKE, Mich. certifi es the noted historian 2022, followed by additional deliveries in 2024. as an elected foreign member The contract was signed by Polish Defense Minis- — The Orchard Lake Schools announced its selection of Dr. of the Polska Akademia ter Mariusz Błaszczak at a ceremony in Warsaw attend- Umiejętności (Polish Academy ed by President Andrzej Duda, Prime Minister Mateusz Arkadiusz Gorecki as its Di- rector of The Polish Mission. of Arts & Sciences) based in Morawiecki, and the U.S. ambassador to Poland, Paul W. Kraków.
    [Show full text]
  • Resistance: the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
    RESISTANCE l(� RESISTANCE l(� THE WARSAW GHETTO UPRISING Israel Gutman Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum A Marc Jaffe Book HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY BOSTON NEW YORK 1994 Copyright © 1994 by Israel Gutman All rights reserved For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, 215 Park Avenue South, New York, New York 10003. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gutman, Israel. Resistance : the Warsaw Ghetto uprising I Israel Gutman. p. em. "A Marc Jaffe book." "A publication of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum." Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-395-60199-1 1. Jews- Poland- Warsaw- Persecutions. 2. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)- Poland- Warsaw. 3· Warsaw (Poland)- History- Uprising of 1943. 4· Warsaw (Poland)- Ethnic relations. I. Title. DSI35-P62W2728 1994 943.8'4-dc20 93-46767 CIP Printed in the United States of America AGM 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I Maps copyright© 1993 United States Holocaust Memorial Council "Campo dei Fiori" from The Collected Poems by Czeslaw Milosz. Copyright © 1988 by Czeslaw Milosz Royalties, Inc. Reprinted by permission of the publisher, The Ecco Press. In memory of Irit CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION xi I . The First Weeks of War I 2. The Jews of Warsaw Between the Wars I4 3 · A New and Different Existence 49 4. The Ghetto Is Sealed 7I 5 ·The Turning Point 99 6 . Political Parties and Youth Movements I 20 7 · Deportation to Death I3 3 8 . The Establishment of the Jewish Fighting Organization 146 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    bindex.qxd 11/10/04 10:29 AM Page 332 INDEX Page numbers in italic type refer to photos. A. Philip Randolph Institute, 49, 147, African Americans, 147–148, 235 266 African National Congress, 235 Abel, I.W., 50, 55, 73, 81 Agee, Philip, 186 abortion, 268–272 Airline Pilots, 113, 125 Abzug, Bella, 60, 76, 137 air traffic controllers, 122–128, 255, affirmative action, 268–269 277–278 AFL-CIO (American Federation of Alexander, Lawrence Sterling, 14 Labor-Congress of Industrial Allen, Richard V., 126, 192 Organizations). See also American Allende, Salvador, 234 Institute for Free Labor Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Development (AIFLD); Committee Workers, 103, 260 on Political Education (COPE); American Center for International Labor individual names of labor leaders, politi- Solidarity, 213 cians, unions American Committee on U.S.-Soviet Ad Hoc Committee on Reproductive Relations, 245 Issues, 270–273 American Federation of Government on communism, 67–71 Employees (AFGE), 103, 212 on contra aid, 208 American Federation of Labor (AFL), on defense, 91–92, 132–134 30–37 Department of Social Security, 39 AFL-CIO merger, 38–39 in Eastern Europe, 232 history of, 30–31 Evolution of Work Committee, American Federation of State, County, 258–261 and Municipal Employees executive council, 56, 102–103, (AFSCME), 73, 75, 299, 302, 307 133–134, 266–268, 295 American Federation of Teachers, 84, financial assistance to Polish Solidarity, 95–96, 101 165–167, 169–170, 186, 188–189 American Institute for Free Labor membership level,COPYRIGHTED 83, 260, 297, 306
    [Show full text]