Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Report
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PGM Associations in Copper-Rich Sulphide Ore of the Oktyabr Deposit, Talnakh Deposit Group, Russia Olga A. Yakovleva1, Sergey M. Kozyrev1 and Oleg I. Oleshkevich2 1Institute Gipronickel JS, St. Petersburg, Russia 2Mining and Metallurgical Company “Noril’sk Nickel” JS, Noril’sk, Russia e-mail: [email protected] The PGM assemblages of the Cu-rich 6%; the Ni content ranges 0.8 to 1.3%, and the ratio sulphide ores occurring in the western exocontact Cu/S = 0.1-0.2. zone of the Talnakh intrusion and the Kharaelakh Pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite ore occurs at the massive orebody have been studied. Eleven ore top of ore horizons. The ore-mineral content ranges samples, weighing 20 to 200 kg, were processed 50 to 60%, and pyrrhotite amount is <15%. The ore using gravity and flotation-gravity techniques. As a grades 1.1 to 1.3% Ni, and the ratio Cu/S = 0.35- result, the gravity concentrates were obtained from 0.7. the ores and flotation products. In the gravity Chalcopyrite ore occurs at the top and on concentrates, more than 20,000 PGM grains were the flanks of the orebodies. The concentration of found and identified, using light microscopy and sulphides ranges 50 to 60%, and pyrrhotite amount EPMA. The textural and chemical characteristics of is <1%; the Ni content ranges 1.3 to 3.4%, and the PGM were documented, as well as the PGM ratio Cu/S = 0.8-0.9. distribution in different size fractions. Also, the The ore types are distinctly distinguished balance of Pt, Pd and Au distribution in ores and by the PGE content which directly depends on the process products and the PGM mass portions in chalcopyrite quantity, but not on the total sulphide various ore types were calculated. -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,514,290 Swiatkowski Et Al
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,514,290 Swiatkowski et al. 45 Date of Patent: Apr. 30, 1985 54 FLOTATION COLLECTOR COMPOSITION 4,206,045 6/1980 Wang et al.......................... 209/166 AND ITS USE 4,358,368 1/1982 Helsten et al........................ 252/61 4,425,229 1/1984 Baronet al. .......................... 252/61 (75) Inventors: Piotr Swiatkowski, Huddinge; Thomas Wiklund, Nacka, both of FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Sweden 1 155072 10/1963 Fed. Rep. of Germany ...... 209/167 73) Assignee: KenoGard AB, Stockholm, Sweden Primary Examiner-Bernard Nozick 21 Appl. No.: 471,006 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Fred Philpitt 22 Filed: Mar. 1, 1983 57 ABSTRACT 30 Foreign Application Priority Data A flotation collector composition comprises a combina tion of fatty acids, amidocarboxylic acids or amidosul Mar. 5, 1982 SE Sweden ................................ 8201363 fonic acids and partial esters of phosphoric acid and 51 Int. Cl. ............................................... BO3D 1/14 alkoxylated alcohols. The collector composition is used 52 U.S. C. ....................................... 209/166; 252/61 for upgrading nonsulfide minerals containing alkaline 58) Field of Search ................... 252/61; 209/166, 167 earth metals by froth flotation. Minerals such as apatite, calcite, scheelite, fluorspar, magnesite and baryte can be 56) References Cited separated from the gangues using the collector compo U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS sition. 2,297,664 9/1942 Tartaron ............................. 209/167 4,139,481 2/1979 Wang et al. ........................... 252A61 13 Claims, No Drawings 4,514,290 1. 2 The amidocarboxylic acids and the amidosulfonic FLOTATION COLLECTOR COMPOSITION AND acids which are used in the present collector combina ITS USE tions can be characterized by the general formula The present invention relates to a flotation collector R-X-(CH2)n-A, wherein x is the group composition comprising fatty acids, amido carboxylic acids or amidosulfonic acids and certain phosphate es R ters. -
LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, and COBALT ARSENIDE and SULFIDE ORE FORMATION Nicholas Allin
Montana Tech Library Digital Commons @ Montana Tech Graduate Theses & Non-Theses Student Scholarship Spring 2019 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ARSENITE AND SULFATE: LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, AND COBALT ARSENIDE AND SULFIDE ORE FORMATION Nicholas Allin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/grad_rsch Part of the Geotechnical Engineering Commons EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ARSENITE AND SULFATE: LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, AND COBALT ARSENIDE AND SULFIDE ORE FORMATION by Nicholas C. Allin A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Geoscience: Geology Option Montana Technological University 2019 ii Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine the relative rates of reduction of aqueous sulfate and aqueous arsenite (As(OH)3,aq) using foils of copper, nickel, or cobalt as the reductant, at temperatures of 150ºC to 300ºC. At the highest temperature of 300°C, very limited sulfate reduction was observed with cobalt foil, but sulfate was reduced to sulfide by copper foil (precipitation of Cu2S (chalcocite)) and partly reduced by nickel foil (precipitation of NiS2 (vaesite) + NiSO4·xH2O). In the 300ºC arsenite reduction experiments, Cu3As (domeykite), Ni5As2, or CoAs (langisite) formed. In experiments where both sulfate and arsenite were present, some produced minerals were sulfarsenides, which contained both sulfide and arsenide, i.e. cobaltite (CoAsS). These experiments also produced large (~10 µm along longest axis) euhedral crystals of metal-sulfide that were either imbedded or grown upon a matrix of fine-grained metal-arsenides, or, in the case of cobalt, metal-sulfarsenide. Some experimental results did not show clear mineral formation, but instead demonstrated metal-arsenic alloying at the foil edges. -
Key to Rocks & Minerals Collections
STATE OF MICHIGAN MINERALS DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION A mineral is a rock substance occurring in nature that has a definite chemical composition, crystal form, and KEY TO ROCKS & MINERALS COLLECTIONS other distinct physical properties. A few of the minerals, such as gold and silver, occur as "free" elements, but by most minerals are chemical combinations of two or Harry O. Sorensen several elements just as plants and animals are Reprinted 1968 chemical combinations. Nearly all of the 90 or more Lansing, Michigan known elements are found in the earth's crust, but only 8 are present in proportions greater than one percent. In order of abundance the 8 most important elements Contents are: INTRODUCTION............................................................... 1 Percent composition Element Symbol MINERALS........................................................................ 1 of the earth’s crust ROCKS ............................................................................. 1 Oxygen O 46.46 IGNEOUS ROCKS ........................................................ 2 Silicon Si 27.61 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS............................................... 2 Aluminum Al 8.07 METAMORPHIC ROCKS.............................................. 2 Iron Fe 5.06 IDENTIFICATION ............................................................. 2 Calcium Ca 3.64 COLOR AND STREAK.................................................. 2 Sodium Na 2.75 LUSTER......................................................................... 2 Potassium -
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MTNERALOGTCALSOCIETY (LONDON) A meeting of the Society was held on Thursday, January 11th, 1951,in the apartments of the Geological Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, W. 1 (by kind permis- sion). Exnrsrrs (1) Crystals of analcime and baryte from the trachyte of Traprain Law, East Lothian: by Dr. S. I. Tomkeiefi. (2) The use of a Laspeyres ocular lens in preference to the Berek compensator: by Dr. A. F. Hallimond. (3) Sections and colour photographs of (a) artificial corundum, (b) kyanite-staurolite intergrowth, (c) garnet: by Dr. Francis Jones. Papnns The following papers were read: (1) 'RnrcrmNlecn' AND 'BREZTNA'Leltrr,rln rN METEoRrrrc IRoNS. By Dr. L. J. Spencer Reichenbach lamellae, seen as bands on etched sections, were originally described as enclosed plates of troilite parallel to cube pianes in the kamacite-taenite structure, and Brczina lamellae as schreibersite parallel to the rhombic-dodecahedron. These minerals, and also cohenite, have since been observed in both of these and in other orientations. It has sometimes been assumed that bands at right angles indicate orientation on cube planes, but they may also be due to other orientations. On a section parallel to an octahedral plane it is possible only with lamellae parailel to the rhombic dodecahedron' (2) SnorrunNraRy INSLUSTSNSrN tnn IIvpnnsTHENE-GABBRo, ARDNAItrUR6HAN,ARGYLL- SIIIRE. By Mr. M. K. Wells The hypersthene-gabbro contains an abundance of granular basic hornfels inclusions which have all been interpreted in the past as recrystallized basic igneous rocks. Some of these inclusions, particularly banded ones, are now believed to be sedimentary rocks which have sufiered considerable metasomatism. -
Barite (Barium)
Barite (Barium) Chapter D of Critical Mineral Resources of the United States—Economic and Environmental Geology and Prospects for Future Supply Professional Paper 1802–D U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Periodic Table of Elements 1A 8A 1 2 hydrogen helium 1.008 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 lithium beryllium boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon 6.94 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 sodium magnesium aluminum silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon 22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 11B 12B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton 39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.64 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.79 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon 85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3 55 56 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 cesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon 132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.5 204.4 207.2 209.0 (209) (210)(222) 87 88 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 -
Gomposition and Occurrence of Electrum Atthe
L37 The Canadian M inerala g i st Vol.33,pp. 137-151(1995) GOMPOSITIONAND OCCURRENCEOF ELECTRUM ATTHE MORNINGSTAR DEPOSIT, SAN BERNARDINOCOUNTY, GALIFORNIA: EVIDENCEFOR REMOBILIZATION OF GOLD AND SILVER RONALD WYNN SIIEETS*, JAMES R. CRAIG em ROBERT J. BODNAR Depanmen of Geolngical Sciences, Virginin Polytechnic h stitate and Stale (Jniversity, 4A44 Dening Hall, Blacl<sburg, Virginin 24060, U.S-A,. Arsrnacr Elecfum, acanthiteand uytenbogaardtite have been examined from six depthswithin the tabular quartzt calcite sockwork and breccia-filled veins in the fault-zone-hostedMorning Star depositof the northeasternMojave Desert, Califomia. Six distinct types of electrum have been identified on the basis of minerat association,grain moryhology and composition. Two types, (1) p1'rite-hostedand (2) quartz-hostedelectrum, occur with acanthite after argentite and base-metalsulfide minerals in unoxidized portions of the orebody; the remaining forr types, (3) goethite-hostedelectrum, (4) electnrm cores, (5) electrumrims and (6) wire electrum,are associatedwith assemblagesof supergeneminerals in its oxidizedportions. Pyrite- hosted quartz-hostedand goethite-hostedelectrum range in compositionfrom 6l ta 75 utt.7oAu and have uniform textures and no zoning. In lower portions ofthe oxidized ore zone, electrum seemsto replacegoethite and occursas small grains on surfacesof the goethite.Textural evidencefavors supergeneremobilization of Au and Ag, which were depositedas electrum on or replacinggoethite. This type of electrumis identical in appearanceand compositionto prinary electrum,In the upper portions of the oxidized zone,secondary electum occursas a gold-rich rim on a core of elechum and as wire-like grains,both with acanthiteand uytenbogaardtite.Such secondaryelectrum contains from 78 to 93 wt./o Au. Textural relations and asso- ciated minerals suggestthat the primary electrum was hydrothermally depositedand partially remobilized by supergene processes. -
Castle Semple, Lochwinnoch Castle Parkhill Wood Parkhill from “Heartlands” by Betty Mckellar, 1999 NCR7
Mature woodlands, distant views to the Firth of Clyde, a medievalCastle church, Semple, the traces of anLochwinnoch old formal estate, and a loch shore – this route certainly has plenty of variety. In Parkhill Wood you’ll see lots of changes with the passage of the seasons. Bluebells in spring, bright summer flowers, the rich reds and russets of autumn foliage, and bright winter berries attracting feeding birds. Enjoy it at any time of year ! Start and finish Castle Semple Visitor Centre, about 500m from the centre of Lochwinnoch (grid reference NS358590). There are signposts to the Centre in the village, which you can reach by public transport. Distance 8 km (5 miles). Allow 3 hours. Terrain Mixture of excellent flat paths and narrower woodland paths. Some muddy sections. No stiles but The golden finger of a solitary sunbeam shaft some gates. Shows silver silhouettes against the green Of poplar, hawthorn and ash And the slender birch, Ghosts adrift Like grey chiffon Floating in the wisps of twilight Castle Semple, Lochwinnoch Castle Parkhill Wood Parkhill from “Heartlands” by Betty McKellar, 1999 NCR7 5 7 8 3 6 4 9 2 1 Cycle routes N 0 0.2 miles 0 250 metres © Crown copyright. All rights reserved Renfrewshire Council O.S. licence RC100023417 2008. 1 From Castle Semple Visitor Centre car park, walk along the shore of Castle Semple Loch in front of the Centre building. Continue along the shore path. There are plenty of seats along here. 2 At a path junction with a lifebuoy and signboard, turn left up the hill. -
Film & TV Locations – Stirling, Clackmannanshire, Falkirk And
Film & TV locations to visit in Stirling, Clackmannanshire, Falkirk & West Lothian search The Hippodrome, Bo'ness search Linlithgow Palace search Falkirk Wheel search Loch Katrine It’s no secret Scotland looks fantastic on the big and Falkirk is home to some truly unique experiences. Travel small screens – our stunning landscapes and brilliant on the world’s only rotating boat lift at the Falkirk Wheel, attractions have provided the backdrop to countless or discover a castle shaped like a ship at Blackness Castle. productions. Fans can immerse themselves in the real The fortress castle played the role of a prison in Outlander, deal when they visit the places they loved from the TV and fans of the show can discover various locations in and movies. Follow in the footsteps of your favourite the region. The authentic working Georgian kitchen at characters to discover these familiar locations. Callendar House featured in the series, while Muiravonside Country Park played host to the re-enactment of the Battle Some of Scotland’s best-known filming locations are in of Prestonpans. Gray Buchanan Park in Polmont also Stirling, home to infamous historic sites and breath-taking provided the backdrop for scenes in season four. Travel beauty spots. Explore castles that have starred in historic on a steam train at the Bo’ness and Kinneil Railway, which dramas which brought some of Scotland’s most famous has acted as a location in countless TV series and film figures to life. Discover Deanston Distillery, which played a productions. Learn more about Scotland’s railway heritage key role in a comedy-drama The Angels' Share, a comedy- at the largest railway museum in the country. -
Barite Baso4 C 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic
Barite BaSO4 c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: 2/m 2/m 2/m. Commonly in well-formed crystals, to 85 cm, with over 70 forms noted. Thin to thick tabular {001}, {210}, {101}, {011}; also prismatic along [001], [100], or [010], equant. As crested to rosettelike aggregates of tabular individuals, concretionary, fibrous, nodular, stalactitic, may be banded; granular, earthy, massive. Physical Properties: Cleavage: {001}, perfect; {210}, less perfect; {010}, imperfect. Fracture: Uneven. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 3–3.5 D(meas.) = 4.50 D(calc.) = 4.47 May be thermoluminescent, may fluoresce and phosphoresce cream to spectral colors under UV. Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Colorless, white, yellow, brown, gray, pale shades of red, green, blue, may be zoned, or change color on exposure to light; colorless or faintly tinted in transmitted light. Streak: White. Luster: Vitreous to resinous, may be pearly. Optical Class: Biaxial (+). Pleochroism: Weak. Orientation: X = c; Y = b; Z = a. Dispersion: r> v,weak. Absorption: Z > Y > X. α = 1.636 β = 1.637 γ = 1.648 2V(meas.) = 36◦–40◦ Cell Data: Space Group: P nma. a = 8.884(2) b = 5.457(3) c = 7.157(2) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Synthetic. 3.445 (100), 3.103 (95), 2.121 (80), 2.106 (75), 3.319 (70), 3.899 (50), 2.836 (50) Chemistry: (1) (2) SO3 34.21 34.30 CaO 0.05 BaO 65.35 65.70 Total 99.61 100.00 (1) Sv´arov, Czech Republic. (2) BaSO4. Polymorphism & Series: Forms a series with celestine. -
Stratigraphical Framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) Rocks of Scotland South of a Line from Fort William to Aberdeen
Stratigraphical framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) rocks of Scotland south of a line from Fort William to Aberdeen Research Report RR/01/04 NAVIGATION HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT ❑ The general pagination is designed for hard copy use and does not correspond to PDF thumbnail pagination. ❑ The main elements of the table of contents are bookmarked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub-headings, figures, plates and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. ❑ In addition, the report contains links: ✤ from the principal section and sub-section headings back to the contents page, ✤ from each reference to a figure, plate or table directly to the corresponding figure, plate or table, ✤ from each figure, plate or table caption to the first place that figure, plate or table is mentioned in the text and ✤ from each page number back to the contents page. Return to contents page NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Research Report RR/01/04 Stratigraphical framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) rocks of Scotland south of a line from Fort William to Aberdeen Michael A E Browne, Richard A Smith and Andrew M Aitken Contributors: Hugh F Barron, Steve Carroll and Mark T Dean Cover illustration Basal contact of the lowest lava flow of the Crawton Volcanic Formation overlying the Whitehouse Conglomerate Formation, Trollochy, Kincardineshire. BGS Photograph D2459. The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Ordnance Survey licence number GD 272191/2002. -
Inventory Acc.3721 Papers of the Scottish Secretariat and of Roland
Inventory Acc.3721 Papers of the Scottish Secretariat and of Roland Eugene Muirhead National Library of Scotland Manuscripts Division George IV Bridge Edinburgh EH1 1EW Tel: 0131-466 2812 Fax: 0131-466 2811 E-mail: [email protected] © Trustees of the National Library of Scotland Summary of Contents of the Collection: BOXES 1-40 General Correspondence Files [Nos.1-1451] 41-77 R E Muirhead Files [Nos.1-767] 78-85 Scottish Home Rule Association Files [Nos.1-29] 86-105 Scottish National Party Files [1-189; Misc 1-38] 106-121 Scottish National Congress Files 122 Union of Democratic Control, Scottish Federation 123-145 Press Cuttings Series 1 [1-353] 146-* Additional Papers: (i) R E Muirhead: Additional Files Series 1 & 2 (ii) Scottish Home Rule Association [Main Series] (iii) National Party of Scotland & Scottish National Party (iv) Scottish National Congress (v) Press Cuttings, Series 2 * Listed to end of SRHA series [Box 189]. GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE FILES BOX 1 1. Personal and legal business of R E Muirhead, 1929-33. 2. Anderson, J W, Treasurer, Home Rule Association, 1929-30. 3. Auld, R C, 1930. 4. Aberdeen Press and Journal, 1928-37. 5. Addressall Machine Company: advertising circular, n.d. 6. Australian Commissioner, 1929. 7. Union of Democratic Control, 1925-55. 8. Post-card: list of NPS meetings, n.d. 9. Ayrshire Education Authority, 1929-30. 10. Blantyre Miners’ Welfare, 1929-30. 11. Bank of Scotland Ltd, 1928-55. 12. Bannerman, J M, 1929, 1955. 13. Barr, Mrs Adam, 1929. 14. Barton, Mrs Helen, 1928. 15. Brown, D D, 1930.