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Energy and Energy Access NORTHEAST INDIA Factsheet | 1 | NORTHEAST INDIA | 2 | FACTSHEET Electricity The Northeast region of the country has a total installed capacity of 3,550.02 mega-watts (MW) for electricity generation. Fossil fuels—gas, coal and diesel—capacity combined contributes to 57.6 per cent of the installed capacity. According to the Central Electricity Authority, there is currently a gap of 4.7 per cent between the requirement and availability of electricity in the region. In terms of per capita consumption, the average for the Northeast region is around 300 units per person per year, whereas the national average is around 914 units per person per year. This depicts the disparity in the development of the region and the below par extent of access. Electricity mix in Northeast region as on 31 May 2016 Renewable Energy Coal 263.72 MW 310.00 MW 7.43% 8.73% Hydro 1,242.00 MW 34.99% Gas 1,698.30 MW 47.84% Diesel 36.00 MW 1% Source: Central Electricity Authority – Executive Summary May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 3 | FACTSHEET Electricity Per capita consumption of electricity in 2012–13 1,000.00 914.41 900.00 800.00 718.57 690.20 700.00 600.00 500.00 469.38 Kilo-watt hours 400.00 352.86 296.05 300.00 268.49 240.28 200.00 100.00 - Arunachal Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura India Pradesh Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 4 | FACTSHEET Electricity Access According to the Census 2011, there are roughly 4.85 million households—53 per cent of the total number—that do have access to electricity in the region. The rate of electrification is the worst in Assam, with only 37 per cent of households using electricity for lighting purposes; and best in Mizoram, where 84 per cent of households are using electricity. Rate of electrification in the Northeast 90.00% 84.20 81.61 80.00% 68.35 68.44 70.00% 65.68 60.92 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 37.05 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Assam Arunachal Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura Pradesh Source: Census 2011 Status of village electrification under Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) 3,500 Electrified Villages 3,000 Unelectrified Villages 2,500 2,000 1,500 Number of villages 1,000 500 - Arunachal Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura Pradesh Source: GARV Dashboard NORTHEAST INDIA | 5 | FACTSHEET Renewable Energy WIND POWER Wind power has not been developed in the Northeast of the country at all, even though the region has 300 to 500 MW of potential at even the low hub heights of 50 and 80 metres respectively. Indicative installable potential of wind power at various hub heights 250 236 At 50 meter height At 80 meter height 201 200 150 112 Mega-watts 100 82 53 56 50 44 16 7 3 - Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Nagaland Note: Both Mizoram and Tripura do not have any reported potential for wind. Wind potential has yet to be validated with measurements. Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16 NORTHEAST INDIA | 6 | FACTSHEET SMALL HYDROPOWER (SHP) SHP is the most exploited renewable source of power in the Northeast. In total, SHP accounts for 257.35 MW of installed capacity, or 98 per cent of the renewable energy, installed in the region. According to MNRE, the region has a potential to install 2.3 giga-watts (GW) of SHP plants in around 1,200 sites with the maximum potential in Arunachal Pradesh. Potential and achievement of small hydropower in the region 400.00 Potential Projects Installed 350.00 300.00 1,341.38 238.69 250.00 30.05 2 200.00 196.98 168.90 Mega-watts 150.00 109.13 104.61 100.00 50.00 46.86 36.47 34.11 29.67 31.03 16.01 5.45 0 Arunachal Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura Pradesh Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16 NORTHEAST INDIA | 7 | FACTSHEET Renewable Energy SOLAR POWER Solar power is the most underutilized source of renewable energy in the Northeast. The region has a combined potential for installation of almost 60 GW of solar power. It currently has installed only 5.27 MW of capacity, primarily in Tripura under the Renewable Energy Certificate Scheme. Potential of solar power in the region (in Giga-watts) Arunachal Pradesh 9 Assam 14 Nagaland 7 Meghalaya 6 Manipur 7 Tripura 2 Mizoram 9 Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy NORTHEAST INDIA | 8 | FACTSHEET Renewable Energy Achievement of solar power in the region 6.00 5.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 Mega-watts 2.00 1.00 0.27 - Arunachal Pradesh Tripura Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16 Target for solar power in the region out of the 100 GW all-India target 900 801 Solar RPO 800 Rooftop PV 700 600 500 400 Mega-watts 300 250 182 200 118 123 76 100 42 50 50 50 50 60 50 50 - Arunachal Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura Pradesh Source: Compiled from various sources NORTHEAST INDIA | 9 | FACTSHEET Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh is one of the few states in India whose electricity sector is dominated by renewable energy—large and small hydro. Fossil fuels only contribute 22 per cent to the total installed capacity. Although the state claims that there is only a 2.8 per cent deficit in availability of power, there are around 85,000 households that either have no electricity or depend on kerosene for lighting needs, 97 per cent of whom are in rural Arunachal Pradesh. Electricity mix in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31 May 2016 Coal 12.35 MW 5% Gas 43.06 MW 17% Renewable Energy 104.88 MW 40% Hydro 97.57 MW 38% Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 10 | FACTSHEET Arunachal Pradesh Sources of lighting 2,00,000 Total Rural 1,80,000 Urban 1,60,000 1,40,000 1,20,000 1,00,000 80,000 Number of households 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Electricity Kerosene Solar Energy Any Other No Lighting Source Source: Census 2011 NORTHEAST INDIA | 11 | FACTSHEET Assam The electricity sector in Assam is dominated by fossil fuels—gas and coal together contribute almost two-third of the installed capacity for electricity in the state. Renewable energy, like most states in the region, refers only to SHP plants. Not only has Assam one of the highest deficits in availability of power in the country, it is also one of the poorest in terms of electrification. According to Census 2011, only 37 per cent of the state is electrified. Electricity mix in Assam as on 31 May 2016 Renewable Energy 34.11 MW 3% Coal 187.00 MW 14% Hydro 429.72 MW 31% Gas 718.62 MW 52% Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 12 | FACTSHEET Assam Sources of lighting 45,00,000 Total Rural Urban 40,00,000 35,00,000 30,00,000 25,00,000 20,00,000 Number of households 15,00,000 10,00,000 5,00,000 - Electricity Kerosene Solar Energy Any Other No Lighting Source Source: Census 2011 NORTHEAST INDIA | 13 | FACTSHEET Manipur Being one of the smallest states in the country, the installed capacity for power generation is also small—around 206 MW in total. Surprisingly, it is the only state in the region that consumes 36 MW worth of power produced from diesel. In India, most of the consumption of diesel for power generation is in the south and the islands. Renewable energy refers only to SHP plants even though Manipur is also the only state in the region that has a solar policy. The state has performed relatively well in terms of electrification, almost 70 per cent of households have access to electricity. Electricity mix in Manipur as on 31 May 2016 Renewable Energy Coal 5.45 MW 15.70 MW 3% 8% Hydro 80.98 MW Gas 39% 67.98 MW 33% Diesel 36.00 MW 17% Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 14 | FACTSHEET Manipur Sources of lighting 4,00,000 Total Rural 3,50,000 Urban 3,00,000 2,50,000 2,00,000 Number of households 1,50,000 1,00,000 50,000 0 Electricity Kerosene Solar Energy Any Other No Lighting Source: Census 2011 NORTHEAST INDIA | 15 | FACTSHEET Meghalaya Meghalaya is the only state in the region that draws 70 per cent of its electricity from large hydro (of installed capacity more than 25 MW). It is also the only state that has no deficit or surplus in terms of availability and requirement of electricity, even though the state is only 60 per cent electrified. Renewable energy, like most states in the region, refers only to SHP plants. Electricity mix in Meghalaya as on 31 May 2016 Renewable Energy Coal 31.03 MW 17.70 MW 6% 3% Gas 105.14 MW 21% Hydro 356.58 MW 70% Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016 NORTHEAST INDIA | 16 | FACTSHEET Meghalaya Sources of lighting 3,50,000 Total Rural Urban 3,00,000 2,50,000 2,00,000 Number of households 1,50,000 1,00,000 50,000 0 Electricity Kerosene Solar Energy Any Other No Lighting Source: Census 2011 NORTHEAST INDIA | 17 | FACTSHEET Mizoram Mizoram is the state that has done the best in terms of electrification in the region, it provides electricity to almost 85 per cent of its households, with a total installed capacity of only 120 MW.
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