Promised Land Maps to Help the Catholic Church fight Climate Change
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PRICE $8.99 Biden’s historicby Elizabeth move Kolberton the climate CAN IMMIGRATION RECOVER FROM TRUMP? Researchers and activists have spent the past four years documenting more than a thousand hidden changes to the nation’s bureaucracy and the carnage they create. Sarah Stillman reports THE THE YOUNG CYBERWEAPON CARTOGRAPHER ARMS RACE WITH A PLAN Jill Lepore on the global FOR THE POPE market of hackers David Owen on the environmental potential BUILDING of the Church’s land A BLACK CAPITALIST THE RUSSIAN UTOPIA VACCINE Kelefa Sanneh on the Joshua Yaffa on getting story of Soul City the shot in Moscow PLUS Anthony Lane on Denzel Washington Alexandra Schwartz on ‘Call My Agent!’ Louis Menand on Mike Nichols FEBRUARY 8, 2021 6 GOINGS ON ABOUT TOWN 13 THE TALK OF THE TOWN Elizabeth Kolbert on Biden’s environmental initiatives; public art for the pandemic; landmarking and Trump; Kim Hastreiter’s new newspaper; David Duchovny. LETTER FROM MOSCOW Joshua Yaffa 18 Five-Month Plan Russia’s race to create a COVID vaccine. SHOUTS & MURMURS Nathan Heller 25 Tips for Public Speakers AMERICAN CHRONICLES Kelefa Sanneh 26 The Color of Money The making of a Black capitalist utopia. A REPORTER AT LARGE Sarah Stillman 32 The Damage Tracking Trump’s assault on immigration. ANNALS OF GEOGRAPHY David Owen 42 Promised Land Maps to help the Catholic Church fight climate change. SKETCHBOOK Paul Rogers 49 “Paul and Audrey” FICTION Ben Okri 52 “A Wrinkle in the Realm” THE CRITICS BOOKS Jill Lepore 55 The cyberweapon arms race. Louis Menand 59 Understanding Mike Nichols’s career. Adam Gopnik 65 What Lucian Freud saw in bodies. 67 Briefly Noted Dan Chiasson 70 “Come-Hither Honeycomb,” by Erin Belieu. POP MUSIC Amanda Petrusich 72 Dusty Springfield, revisited. ON TELEVISION Alexandra Schwartz 74 “Call My Agent!,” “The Bureau.” THE CURRENT CINEMA Anthony Lane 76 “The Little Things,” “Supernova,” “Two of Us.” POEMS Charles Simic 37 “There Is Nothing Quieter” Joyce Carol Oates 44 “This Is Not a Poem” COVER Christoph Niemann “Wooster Street” DRAWINGS Ellis Rosen, Matilda Borgström, Liza Donnelly, Michael Maslin, Elisabeth McNair, Zachary Kanin, Liana Finck, Edward Koren, Carolita Johnson, Roz Chast, Ali Solomon, Jeremy Nguyen, Drew Dernavich, Frank Cotham, Will McPhail SPOTS Marie-Helene Jeeves TNY—2021_02_08—PAGE 1—133SC. 3C ANNALS OF GEOGRAPHY PROMISED LAND A young climate activist is creating maps to help the Catholic Church combat global warming. BY DAVID OWEN n the summer of 2016, Molly Bur- lion Catholics,” she told me. “If the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the hans, a twenty-six-year-old cartog- Church were a country, it would be the air, and over the cattle, and over all the rapher and environmentalist from third most populous, after China and earth, and over every creeping thing Connecticut,I spoke at a Catholic con- India.” The Church, furthermore, is that creepeth upon the earth”; in “Lau- ference in Nairobi, and she took ad- probably the world’s largest non-state dato Si’,” Francis interprets “dominion” vantage of her modest travel stipend to landowner. The assets of the Holy See, as something like moral responsibility, book her return trip through Rome. combined with those of parishes, dio- and writes that the earth “now cries out When she arrived, she got a room in ceses, and religious orders, include not to us because of the harm we have in- the cheapest youth hostel she could just cathedrals, convents, and Michel- flicted on her by our irresponsible use find, and began sending e-mails to Vat- angelo’s Pietà but also farms, forests, and abuse of the goods with which God ican officials, asking if they’d be will- and, by some estimates, nearly two hun- has endowed her.” He calls for the re- ing to meet with her. She wanted to dred million acres of land. placement of fossil fuels “without delay,” discuss a project she’d been working on Burhans concluded that the Church and demands that wealthy countries be for months: documenting the global had the means to address climate is- held accountable for their “ecological landholdings of the Catholic Church. sues directly, through better land man- debt,” which they have accumulated by To her surprise, she received an ap- agement, and that it was also capable exploiting poorer countries. Shortly after pointment in the office of the Secre- of protecting populations that were es- “Laudato Si’ ” was published, Herman tariat of State. pecially vulnerable to the consequences Daly, an environmental economist and On the day of the meeting, she of global warming. Some researchers professor emeritus at the University of couldn’t find the entrance that she’d have estimated that drought, rising sea Maryland School of Public Policy, wrote been told to use. She hadn’t bought a levels, and other climate-related disas- that Francis “will be known by the en- SIM card for her phone, so she couldn’t ters will drive two hundred million emies this encyclical makes for him,” call for help, and, in a panic, she ran al- people from their homes by 2050; many among them “the Heartland Institute, most all the way around Vatican City. of those people live in places—includ- Jeb Bush, Senator James Inhofe, Rush The day was hot, and she was sweating. ing some parts of Central Africa, the Limbaugh, Rick Santorum.” (Daly could At last, she spotted a monk, and she Amazon Basin, and Asia—where the have included the libertarian commen- asked him for directions. He gave her Church has more leverage than any tator Greg Gutfeld, who, while discuss- a funny look: the entrance was a few government. “There is no way that we ing “Laudato Si’ ” on Fox News, char- steps away. A pair of Swiss Guards, in will address the climate crisis or biodi- acterized Francis as “the most danger- their blue, red, and yellow striped uni- versity loss in any sort of timely man- ous person on the planet.”) forms, led her to an elevator. She took ner if the Catholic Church does not Burhans was in graduate school, it to the third loggia of the Apostolic engage, especially with its own lands studying landscape design, at the time. Palace, and walked down a long mar- and property,” Burhans said. “At the end She described “Laudato Si’ ” to me as ble hallway. On the wall to her right of the day, I’m more subordinate to my “one of the most important documents were windows draped with gauzy cur- ecclesiastical authority than I am to my of the century,” but she also said that, tains; to her left were enormous fresco government authority. You can see that not long after Francis presented it, she maps, commissioned in the early six- kind of sentiment even in non- Catholics, discovered that the Church had no real teenth century, depicting the world as like Martin Luther King, Jr.—some- mechanism for achieving its goals. “The it was known then. times you have to default to a greater Catholic Church is the world’s largest Burhans has been a deeply commit- good.” What if desecration of the en- non-government provider of health ted Catholic since she was twenty-one. vironment were a mortal sin? Could care, humanitarian aid, and education,” For a year or two, when she was in col- faith accomplish what science and pol- she said, “and I assumed that it must lege, she considered becoming a nun. itics have not? have a significant environmental net- Later, though, as she grew increasingly In the spring of 2015, Pope Francis work, too.” She identified a number of concerned about climate change, her presented “Laudato Si’,” a forty-thou- ecology-focussed Catholic groups, ambitions broadened, and she began sand-word encyclical on reckless con- mostly in wealthier parishes, but no to think of ways in which the Catholic sumerism, ecological degradation, and central organization that she could Church could be mobilized as a global global warming. In the Book of Gen- join—no Catholic Sierra Club or Na- environmental force. “There are 1.2 bil- esis, God gives man “dominion over the ture Conservancy, no environmental 42 THE NEW YORKER, FEBRUARY 8, 2021 TNY—2021_02_08—PAGE 42—133SC. BW The role of the cartographer, according to Molly Burhans, is not just data analytics. “It’s also storytelling,” she said. PHOTOGRAPHS BY ISABEL MAGOWAN THE NEW YORKER, FEBRUARY 8, 2021 43 TNY—2021_02_08—PAGE 43—133SC.—LIVE PHOTOGRAPH—R37850—EXTREMELY CRITICAL TO BE WATCHED THROUGHOUT ENTIRE PRESS RUN—PLEASE USE VIRTUAL PROOF. 4C equivalent of Catholic Relief Services. In September of 2015—four months after the publication of “Laudato Si’,” THIS IS NOT A POEM and a few weeks after she received her master’s degree—she founded Good- in which the poet discovers Lands, an organization whose mission, delicate white-parched bones according to its Web site, is “mobiliz- of a small creature ing the Catholic Church to use her land on a Great Lake shore for good.” Burhans’s immediate goal or the desiccated remains was to use technology that she had be- of cruder roadkill come proficient at in graduate school— beside the rushing highway. the powerful cartographic and data- management tools known as geographic Nor is it a poem in which information systems (G.I.S.)—to cre- a cracked mirror yields ate a land-classification plan that could a startled face, be used in evaluating and then man- or sere grasses hiss- aging the Church’s global property ing like consonants holdings. “You should put your envi- in a foreign language. ronmental programs where they mean Family photo album the most, and if you don’t understand filled with yearning the geographic context you can’t do strangers long deceased, that,” she said.