Book Reviews

The Equality of Believers: Protestant Missionaries and the Racial Politics of South Africa.

By Richard Elphick. Charlottesville: Univ. of Virginia Press, 2012. Pp. x, 416. $40.

Richard Elphick’s Equality of Believers Social Gospel,” considers five topics: (1) manages to give an insightful overview of stands in the line of major and important the Native question and the “benevo- the different periods. He tells the story of publications on the ever complex—and lent empire”; (2) a Christian coalition of how the idea of equality developed during challenging—South African society, with “paternal elites”; (3) the social gospel: the different periods in the course of the twen- its fascinating ecclesiastical, missionary, ideology of the benevolent empire; (4) the tieth century. For example, he comments, and secular history, especially during the high point of the Christian Alliance: a South “White liberalism, African nationalism, twentieth century. A major predecessor of African Locarno; and (5) the enemies of the and Afrikaner nationalism—forces that this book is Johannes du Plessis’s History benevolent empire: gelykstelling (equaliza- would shape South African politics for of Christian Missions in South Africa tion) condemned. the rest of the century—buffeted the (1911), which covers the eighteenth and Part 3, “The Parting of the Ways,” includes missionary enterprise in the 1940s, but nineteenth centuries and paved the way seven chapters: (1) a “special” education did not, as yet, severely impede or deflect for a new and more ecumenical approach for Africans; (2) the abolition of the Cape it. Yet, almost imperceptibly, the ground to South African historiography. Franchise: a “door of citizenship” closed; beneath the missionaries was shifting” According to Elphick, since 1911 there (3) the evangelical invention of apartheid; (277). Elphick also discusses at some has been no grand synthesis like that (4) neo-Calvinism: a worldview for a mis- length the idea of benevolent empire in of du Plessis; in fact, few studies have sionary volk (nation); (5) the stagnation South Africa, that is, that the churches ventured far beyond 1900. No broad of the social gospel; (6) the abolition of and missions were also responsible for interpretive history of twentieth-century the mission schools: a second “door of providing schools, hospitals, and similar missions in South Africa has actually citizenship” closed; and (7) a divided institutions. He argues that such an idea been attempted. missionary impulse and its political heirs. was much more powerful than it was, for This volume offers such a history, Throughout the book, Elphick develops instance, in Britain or the United States. both broad and interpretive, without three central claims. First, the struggle The South African state was also far being a general history of the missionary over racial equalization is pivotal to South weaker in its ability to provide services movement or of South African Christian- African history; second, this concept is to its poorer citizens. Even as late as the ity as a whole. Rather, it is the history of rooted in the missionaries’ proclamation 1980s, outsiders were struck by the prom- an idea—the equality of believers—and of God’s love to all people; third, the ideal inent role of churches in civic life and the an investigation of how, despite the failure of equality was to a large extent nurtured use of Christian language by all sides in and shortcomings of its proponents, this by missionary institutions. This study is the struggle over apartheid. Also fasci- idea profoundly shaped the history of thus a history of an idea in the context of nating is Elphick’s focus on issues such South Africa, both negatively and posi- these several institutions and the people as the gospel of equality, evangelicalism, tively. Elphick gives most attention to the who ran them. neo-Calvinism, and other facets of South four missionary enterprises that wielded The author notes that such a history is African theological thinking. the strongest influence on black-white necessary because the dynamic encounter This book is well researched and well politics and that dominated missionary between missionary institutions and the balanced. It contains extensive notes, a discourse on race in the twentieth century: concept of the equality of believers has comprehensive bibliography, and usable the Dutch Reformed, the Anglican, the scarcely been addressed by scholars. This indexes, as well as helpful maps and Scots mission, and the American Board neglect reflects a secular perspective in tables. It is brilliantly focused on the of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. South African historiography, one stronger history of a particular idea. It seems This book encompasses blacks and than in Europe or America, which tends destined to become a standard research whites, as well as Afrikaans and English to blind historians to the role of religion and resource tool for future generations of speakers, in a single narrative—a unique in history. For Elphick, this blindness South African missiologists and mission accomplishment. results from traditional methods of intel- historians, as well as general historians Elphick treats his topic in three sections. lectual history, which focus primarily on of the church and of South African society, Part 1, “The Missionaries, Their Con- dominant individuals such as scholars, much as du Plessis’s study was in its verts, and Their Enemies,” includes six literary figures, public intellectuals, and time. Such a book cries out for thought- chapters addressing (1) the missionaries: politicians, who expound their thoughts ful study and consideration. I highly from egalitarianism o paternalism; (2) in lengthy texts. recommend it! the Africans: embracing the gospel of Elphick succeeds in clarifying the role and —J. W. (Hoffie) Hofmeyr equality; (3) the Dutch settlers: confining influence both of the English-speaking the gospel of equality; (4) the political churches and of the Afrikaans churches. J. W. (Hoffie) Hofmeyr, a South African church missionaries: “our religion must embody The English and Afrikaans perspectives historian, is Professor Emeritus from the University itself in action”; (5) the missionary cri- have been integrated in a clearly pre- of Pretoria (S.A.) and Visiting Professor at the tique of the African: regarding witch- sented framework, which can provide University of the Free State (Bloemfontein, S.A.), craft, marriage, and sexuality; and (6) the basis for further dialogue and debate. Liverpool Hope University (U.K.), and Evangelical the revolt of the black clergy: “we can’t Elphick not only succeeds in reflecting Theological Faculty (Leuven, Belgium). be brothers.” on the parties involved in his twenti- Part 2, “The Benevolent Empire and the eth-century intellectual history but also

50 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 With Paul at Sea: Learning from Boundless Salvation: The Shorter the Apostle Who Took the Gospel Writings of William Booth. from Land to Sea. Edited by Andrew M. Eason and Roger J. By Linford Stutzman. Eugene, Ore.: Cascade Green. New York: Peter Lang, 2012. Pp. viii, Books, 2012. Pp. xviii, 170. Paperback $22. 208. $74.95 / €57.20 / £48 / SFr 70.

The present work characterizes the voy- impulses for living out the sociopolitical General William Booth (1829–1912), age of the nascent Christian church in the consequences of surrendered discipleship. founder of the Salvation Army, was Mediterranean world of the first century —Hans F. Bayer a passionate evangelist with a heart a.d. by means of three metaphors: the for hurting humanity and a gift for constantly changing sea as the promise and Hans F. Bayer is Professor and Department Head of putting his passion on paper. Booth peril of the world, the challenging life in New Testament at Covenant Theological Seminary, retains a particular aura of authority for the boat as the church, and sailing as living St. Louis, Missouri. Salvationists and is still widely quoted. by faith. Many historical details surface as testimony to Stutzman’s personal experi- ence of voyages on the Mediterranean. At the center of the book lies Stutzman’s convincing emphasis that empire and Jesus’ subversive kingdom are to be distinguished sharply and God’s Mission and consistently. The three metaphors serve Postmodern Culture as a compass for both the ancient and the contemporary church in avoiding The Gift of Uncertainty the lure of an empire’s autonomous and JOHN C. SIVALON, MM manipulative power, false stability, and Shows how the Gospel retains its challenge and rel- leisure at the expense of oppressed peo- evance even in our age of uncertainty and change. ple. Rather, the Christian church is called 978-1-57075-999-4 240 pp softcover $28 to vulnerability, instability, leading from the front (not the top), and faith. Despite all the attractive and inspiring Christianity, the Papacy and aspects of this book and its great sensitiv- Mission in Africa ity to oppression, it must be noted that Stutzman focuses nearly exclusively on RICHARD GRAY the ancient Roman and the current U.S. Edited with an Introduction by LAMIN SANNEH empires and their respective ills. In dis- A pioneer in the study of African history, Gray’s cussing the difference between empire and assembledNEW essaysfrom make Orbis an enduring contribution Jesus’ kingdom, he rarely considers the to mission studies and world Christian history. God-given legal sphere of civil govern- ment. As a consequence, Jesus’ kingdom 978-1-57075-986-4 224 pp softcover $50 appears mostly as a sociopolitical move- ment poised against empire building. History of the One wonders whether the early Christian World Christian Movement mission would really have progressed Volume II: Modern Christianity from 1454-1800 so successfully had it been essentially DALE T. IRVIN and SCOTT W. SUNQUIST a countercultural, sociopolitical, and “This eagerly-awaited volume is a triumph of team- socioeconomic subversion (through peace and justice) of the Roman Empire. One based historical reflection, combined with lucid prose misses in Stutzman’s treatment the core and clear argumentation.”—Dana L. Robert New Testament fact that the incarnate, Volume II: 978-1-57075-989-5 660pp pbk $40 eternal Son of God came to die in order Volume I: 978-1-57075-396-1 600pp pbk $34 to call a purified people unto the triune God himself. Only as a consequence do Redeeming the Past sociopolitical and socioeconomic patterns My Journey from Freedom Fighter to Healer emerge, which then challenge various ills MICHAEL LAPSLEY with of an empire or a civil government. STEPHEN KARAKASHIAN Yes, we must sharply distinguish Foreword by ARCH. DESMOND TUTU an empire’s globalized agenda and Jesus’ kingdom of a purified people. An Anglican missionary priest survives a letter But Stutzman’s sociopolitical, virtually bomb and begins a new ministry. atheological version of Jesus’ kingdom (as “A wonderful testament . . . .” —Rowan Williams helpful as his nine appeals on pp. 158–66 978-1-57075-992-5 240pp hc $25.00 are) appears to be no lasting match for our current, empire-like globalization, which Stutzman so ably defines. From your bookseller or direct Provided we uphold as foundational ORBIS BOOKS the biblical basis of God’s redemptive Follow us Maryknoll, NY 10545 1-800-258-5838 work through his eternal Son, Jesus Christ, www.maryknollmall.org Stutzman’s treatment gives many important

January 2013 51 Many of his shorter writings, however, with a confidence in the ultimate triumph Future of Missions and the Mission of the have been largely inaccessible. We owe of grace. Selections included also provide Future,” a lecture delivered in May 1889 this present collection to Salvationist fresh understanding of his postmillennial in Exeter Hall, London, sets out Booth’s historians Andrew Eason, director of perspective. understanding of missional imperatives. the Center for Salvation Army Studies Readers will find the chapters on The final chapter, “Relationship to the at Booth University College, Winnipeg, “Female Ministry” instructive in under- Church,” introduces the issue of the Army’s Canada, and Roger Green, chair of biblical standing the provenance of the Army’s position on sacramental observance. studies at Gordon College, Wenham, position and practice. “Salvation for This attractively produced volume Massachusetts. The authors’ arrangement Both Worlds,” an 1889 article published includes copious footnotes, resources of articles highlights key distinctives of in All the World, reveals Booth’s heart for for further study, and an index. Here is Salvationist history, faith, and practice. the poor and powerless. He insisted that heart-stirring reading, particularly for The editors set the articles in context the Gospel provided deliverance not only those who share a passion for the Army’s while exploring their contemporary from an inner hell, but also from an “outer mission. One hopes that a less expensive significance. hell” of poverty, drunkenness, slavery, edition will make it available to a much Booth was a Wesleyan through and war, and oppression. wider audience. through. He believed in salvation full and The chapter titled “Missions and —Paul A. Rader free, a faith that fueled his passion for Missionaries” includes his 1886 message souls. Chapters on salvation and holiness to the “Officers and Soldiers of the Indian Paul A. Rader was the international leader of the bring together vital elements of Booth’s Salvation Army,” in which he called for Salvation Army (1994–99). He and his wife, Kay, soteriology. He was an apostolic optimist cultural adaptation and sacrifice. “The served as missionaries in Korea from 1961 to 1983.

Dreams and Visions in Islamic Toward Respectful Understanding Societies. and Witness among Muslims: Essays in Honor of J. Dudley Edited by Özgen Felek and Alexander D. Woodberry. Knysh. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press, 2012. Pp. xi, 322. $80; paperback $24.95. Edited by Evelyne A. Reisacher, Joseph L. Cumming, Dean S. Gilliland, and Charles E. Dreams and Visions in Islamic Societies, with ogy (184, 216), sectarian dogma (e.g., the Van Engen. Pasadena, Calif.: William Carey fifteen chapters and contributors, makes uncreatedness of the Quran, 36), para- Library, 2012. Pp. 317. Paperback $20.99. a helpful contribution to classical Islamic dise (193), Shariah (128–29, 173), revival studies and diverse Sufi experiences. The (265), martyrdom (145), apocalyptic and This Festschrift faithfully reflects the introduction discusses the role of dreams conquest themes (54), and visions of seminal vocation and work of J. Dud- within Muslim communities: “The Prophet Allah (54, 202–3) and Muhammad (42). ley Woodberry, dean emeritus at Fuller is quoted as declaring that with his death The dreams are judged to have created Theological Seminary’s School of Intercultural Studies. Woodberry, a ‘the glad tidings of prophecy’ would cease, spiritual and emotional bonds in society missionary kid, a missionary himself whereas ‘true dreams’ would endure. . . . (160). The study reaffirms safeguards to in several Muslim contexts (including One Western scholar says dreams and Muslim orthodoxy in that “all dreams Pakistan and Saudi Arabia), professor visions are, ‘A form of divine revelation are basically ascribed to God, except for of missions, and administrative dean and a chronological successor to the those in which Satan exercises his influ- at Fuller Seminary, is praised not only Koran’” (2). In principle, “each good ence” (289). for his evangelical commitment to Muslim could expect guidance from God All the dreams discussed or inter-preted engaging Muslims and his active in dreams” (2). This makes the role of in the book strengthen some aspect of the Christian scholarship on Islam, but also dreams all the more enticing for Muslims Muslim faith. Dreams that lead people as a generous and well-liked teacher and friend. He is remembered as a and for Christian missionaries interested away from Islam, however, are widely “contemporary Samuel Zwemer” (7) with in their use and interpretation in Muslim reported, so their omission from a book an indefatigable spirit, a careful scholar lives as messages from God. that deals with dreams and visions in in “seeking to understand Islam” (25), In her chapter “Dreaming the Truth Islamic societies suggests a lack of intel- and a “teller of tales” (23). Contributors in the Sira of Ibn Hisham,” Sarah Mirza lectual rigor. Dreams in which Muslims to this work consist of former students— assesses the fifteen distinct dream encounter Jesus and that lead to conver- now living and working around the narratives found in Ibn Hisham’s Sira sion to Christianity would seem to require world—teaching colleagues, and fellow (a.d. 833), the earliest extant biography some sort of treatment in a book such as Islamicists, including the eminent of Muhammad. Mirza summarizes the this. The book is an interesting venture Kenneth Cragg and David W. Shenk. It is clear that many others were excluded dreams’ central themes: “the favored into the dream genre; however, it should from contributing simply due to page nature of the Prophet’s lineage, the be considered more a devotional treatise limitations. miraculous protection of the Prophecy, of belonging to confessional movements Under the heading Toward Respectful and the Muslim community falling within in which the authors participate, rather Understanding, the volume is a compila- the Abrahamic line” (15). “All of the than a solid and rigorous scholarly survey tion of research on a variety of topics in the dreams are assumed to be prophetic by of its topic. fields of Christian witness among Muslim their hearers and acted on as such” and —Joshua Lingel communities, Christian-Muslim relations “are communal experiences that serve to and dialogue, and Christian scholar- activate the community” (15). Joshua Lingel, President of i2 Ministries (Islamic ship on Islam. Section 1, “Encouraging The dreams covered in the book reveal Initiative; www.i2ministries.org), is coeditor of Friendly Conversation,” demonstrates diverse and sometimes contradictory Chrislam: How Missionaries Are Promoting an an evangelical concern to be “clear and themes: personal piety (46), epistemol- Islamized Gospel (i2ministries, 2011).

52 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 forthright . . . and yet also demonstrate[s] over 15 million users, is arguably the promote national unity, as well as to draw kindness, love, compassion, and grace” most widely spoken language in Central Christian believers and churches closer (26). Section 2, “Christian Scholarship,” Africa. These users include not only the together. (5) Finally, having theological provides chapters by Christian scholars vast majority of Malawians, but also people students and pastors and other academics and missionaries seeking to understand in large parts of neighboring Zambia and as collaborators should enhance the status Islam accurately and fairly. Finally, section Mozambique, as well as many in Zimba- of this language as an academic language 3, “Christian Witness,” reviews different bwe and even South Africa and further and as a counter to the academic domi- contemporary methods of missionary afield. (2) By empowering its users, the nance of Western languages. activity among Muslim peoples. language itself can be empowered to take a —C. Martin Pauw The title mentions “witness among Mus- rightful place on the regional, continental, lims,” a theme that will be appreciated and international scenes. (3) By drawing C. Martin Pauw is Professor Emeritus of Missiology by those involved in direct Christian mis- together various dialectic traditions (hence in the Faculty of Theology at the University of sionary activity, as well as by Christian the double nomenclature), it transcends Stellenbosch, South Africa. He formerly served scholars of world religions and Islam. ruralism, tribalism, traditionalism, and with churches in Malawi and Zambia (1965–83). Two important scholarly contributions are nationalism. (4) Thus, it can also serve to provided by David L. Johnston, “Squeez- ing Ethics out of Law: What Is Shari‘a Anyway?” (59–70), and Rick Brown, “Who Was ‘Allah’ before Islam? Evidence That the Term ‘Allah’ Originated with Jewish and Christian Arabs” (147–78). Lamin Sanneh —David D. Grafton Foreword by KELEFA SANNEH David D. Grafton is Associate Professor of Islamic Studies and Christian-Muslim Relations at the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. He served in the Middle East (1998–2007) with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Summoned from the Margin Dictionary / Mtanthauziramawu: Chichewa / Chinyanja–English, English–Chichewa/Chinyanja. HOMECOMING 3rd ed. OF AN AFRICAN By Steven Paas. Nürnberg: VTR Publications, 2012. Pp. 886. €35 / SFr 45 / $48.

This Dictionary / Mtanthauziramawu, with “Professor Sanneh’s personal journey from childhood roots in Gambia over 43,000 entries, is the result of a team is told with refreshing delight in a wonderfully kaleidoscopic account effort by the Dutch author (at one time of people and places along the way. . . . A truly captivating read.” seconded to teach theology in Malawi) and Malawian collaborators. It seeks to address — Dr. John Sentamu the challenges both for newcomers having to learn a new language and for Malawians needing to recognize and reestablish the “Disarmingly honest and instructive . . . A really well-written auto- relevance of their own language in the face biography.” —Philip Jenkins of the domination of foreign languages. Several editions preceded this combined third edition. “A riveting modern-day Pilgrim’s Progress by a leading world Christian The work draws from a long tradition intellectual — eloquent but not verbose, profound but not obscure, of missionary linguistic publications— beginning with the dictionary of Johannes lucid but not clichéd. Rare is the memoir that engages its reader from Rebmann in the mid-nineteenth century beginning to end. Lamin Sanneh’s is one of those.” (see the bibliography in Appendix 2, — Jonathan J. Bonk pp. 876–81)—which helped to establish Chichewa/Chinyanja as a lingua franca in Central Africa. One such volume of missionary scholarship, the Dictionary of ISBN 978-0-8028-6742-1 · 299 pages · paperback · $24.00 the Nyanja Language (1929) by Alexander Hetherwick et al., which established a linguistic benchmark, was itself based on At your bookstore, an earlier work by David C. Scott. or call 800-253-7521 2567 The publication under review, continu- www.eerdmans.com ing this tradition, is significant in several respects. (1) Chichewa/Chinyanja, with

January 2013 53 Mission History and Mission the Board of Missions, one for the archives Archives. of the Board, and one for the archives of the Dutch mission schools. Together Edited by Huub Lems. Utrecht: Stichting de the archives total some 300 meters. The Zending der Protestantse Kerk in Nederland, mission archives date from 1797 to 1999, 2011. Pp. 304. €15. when the Board of Missions ceased to exist. The church records housed at the This book grew out of a seminar held devoted to Indonesia, and part 3 to Europe. Utrecht Archives date up to the formation in April 2010 to mark the transfer of the An appendix includes introductions to of the Protestant Church in the Nether- archives of the Board of Missions of the the various archival collections that were lands in 2004. Protestant Church in the Netherlands and added to the Utrecht Archive, now avail- Huub Lems, the editor, served as a its predecessor bodies and other mission able to the public. The articles are all in missionary in Indonesia and is now the societies from the Mission House in Oegst- English. Some of contributions discuss administrator of the Mission Foundation of geest to the Utrecht Archive, which is the the use and limitations of archival materi- the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. official repository for church archives in als. Others identify archival collections This book will be of particular inter- the Netherlands. Participants in the semi- that are available for specific countries est to historians of Dutch missions and to nar included missiologists, historians, and churches. those seeking archival resources for the and archivists from the Netherlands and The seminar marked the completion churches to which those missionaries went. partner churches. Most of the contribu- of a major effort to integrate the mission —Paul F. Stuehrenberg tors were Protestants, with one Roman archives into the existing collections at the Catholic and one Muslim. Section 1 of the Utrecht Archive. Three inventories were Paul F. Stuehrenberg is Divinity Librarian, Yale book includes papers about archives in carried out as a part of the project: one for University Divinity School Library, New Haven, South Africa, Ghana, and Egypt. Part 2 is the archives of the legal predecessors of Connecticut.

Soul, Self, and Society: A The Development of Russian Postmodern Anthropology for Evangelical Spirituality: A Study Mission in a Postcolonial World. of Ivan V. Kargel (1849–1937).

By Michael Rynkiewich. Eugene, Ore.: Cascade By Gregory L. Nichols. Eugene, Ore.: Pickwick Books, 2012. Pp. xv, 280. Paperback $33. Publications, 2011. Pp. xiii, 381. Paperback $44. Those of us who regularly attend their mutual interdependence during anthropology conferences recognize a the colonial era, embracing the human Gregory Nichols has written not just a dramatic disciplinary change in recent condition, yet failing to reduce the effects splendid book, but an exemplary one. years. So also in mission the changes are of neocolonialism, and diverging in Given the multilingual sources and dramatic—missionaries come from the postcolonialism (chap. 10). He concludes archives he taps into, I suspect he might world at large, and former sending nations with good advice: understand people be one of the few who could have written have themselves become “mission fields.” as they are, and celebrate a culturally it. While this quite technical Baptistic book Michael Rynkiewich highlights these fulfilled lifestyle while anticipating is not for everyone, its clear organization changes and encourages missionaries Christ’s presence among them—an would be good for every author to follow. and anthropologists alike to use their anthropology of Christianity (chap. 13). At the end of each chapter the author respective disciplines to realize God’s Rynkiewich’s narrative is filled provides a “Conclusion” (which would be concern for human souls in the context of with stories from personal experience, better captioned “Summary”), by means their sociocultural environment. as well as from his students. He of which one can easily digest the core of Rynkiewich presents his case in brings a keen sense of anthropological the book in fifteen minutes or so. thirteen chapters, beginning with awareness, mission experience, and In addition to this helpful format, the definitions of anthropology, theology, cross-cultural understanding gained content is full of nuanced analysis, pho- and missiology (chap. 1) and describing from consulting and teaching around tographs, an especially helpful timeline, radical post­–World War II paradigm the world. He weaves a wealth of annotated footnotes that could feed five shifts (chaps. 2–3). While anthropology biblical references with well-researched thousand, and a fine bibliography that embraced postmodernity, missiology history, missiological perspective, and cites books I shall yet consult. In short, embraced anthropology as it had been. theological application manifest in because of all these features, the reader will Therein resides the thesis of the book: plentiful footnotes and an extensive have complete confidence that the author has two disciplines going in different bibliography. I look forward to utilizing done his homework. American Baptists who directions despite their common interest this readable and engaging work with my digest the book will be happy to discover in humanity with all its diversity (chap. students in order to avoid past mistakes that they have had no corner on denomi- 9), transnational migration (chap. 11), and to realize the reality of God’s national divisions. By changing a few names and globalization (chap. 12). Utilizing presence among the nations (Rev. 7:9). here and there, one might think the author standard anthropological subsystems of —R. Daniel Shaw was writing about the General Association social structure (chap. 4), kinship (chap. of Regular Baptists, the Conservative Bap- 5), economics (chap. 6), political organiza- R. Daniel Shaw is Professor of Anthropology and tist Association, and the Southern Baptist tion (chap. 7), and religion (chap. 8), Translation at the School of Intercultural Studies, Convention, to name just a few. Rynkiewich contrasts the two disciplines. Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, California. Ernest Sandeen’s 1970 classic The Roots Anthropologists and missionaries have He served with the Summer Institute of Linguistics of Fundamentalism pleasantly comes to mind long stereotyped each other, ignoring in Papua New Guinea (1969–81). as Nichols, like Sandeen, portrays the major

54 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 roots of Russian evangelicalism in England’s they should force the missional community American missional efforts, attention Keswick movement and America’s Ira D. to ask probing questions about the local should be given to the growing interest in Sankey and Dwight L. Moody revivals. community before taking photographs understanding the local community’s voice Good and useful as it is, the book is there. as expressed through the photographs they not inerrant. Nichols refers to Kargel’s The book features more than seventy take, analyze, and share with the public. trips to Israel before Israel even existed. photographs, lithographs, and illustrations Overall, this volume makes a In places, better proofreading would have depicting the life, culture, and religious necessary contribution to a developing avoided confusing formatting errors. Yet experience of missionaries and their host field; it is well worth reading. these quibbles pale when placed next to his communities. The lack of photographs —Gabriel B. Tait striking (to me) revelation that there was taken by local African photographers, ­ a First Baptist Church in Tiflis, Georgia, however, is to be regretted. While the Gabriel B. Tait is a Ph.D. candidate in the Inter- where Joseph Stalin attended seminary. photographic records included are cultural Studies program at Asbury Theological —James Lutzweiler useful for documenting both British and Seminary, Wilmore, Kentucky.

James Lutzweiler is Archivist, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, Wake Forest, North Carolina.

Light on Darkness? Missionary Photography of Africa in the series Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Prophetic Christianity Centuries.

By T. Jack Thompson. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012. Pp. x, 286. Paperback $45.

T. Jack Thompson, a father of missionary photography research, takes a focused look at missionary photography in Africa during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. His book Light on Darkness? is part of the Studies in the History of Christian Missions series, published by Eerdmans. Shalom and the Featuring seven chapters plus a comprehensive introduction, Thompson chronicles the development of photo- Community of Creation graphy, beginning in the first half of the nineteenth century, and its parallels with missional enterprises on the continent of Africa during the same time. Exploring An Indigenous Vision themes such as the visual representation of Africans (18), the building and reinforcement of African stereotypes Randy S. Woodley through communication strategies (135), the power of the camera to bring about social change (165), and the need for “So many books simply rehash the same things. But this one by Randy Woodley missions to view its developing story through the eyes of the local community offers so much that is fresh and unique — and forgotten and under-appreciated (239), this well-researched work should too. I wish that every thoughtful Christian on the continent would read this wise serve as a useful introduction for any class and well-written book. . . . Enthusiastically recommended!” that explores missionary photography or — Brian McLaren visual representation in cultural studies. Touting the “millions” of missionary “Shalom and the Community of Creation is like a breath of fresh air. . . . Woodley’s (and colonial government) photographic innovative Native American, biblical approach is bound to provoke and awaken records from the nineteenth and early the environmental consciousness that is so vitally needed in today’s world.” twentieth centuries that are currently — Celia Deane-Drummond being collected, Thompson highlights the fact that many of these photographs have previously been examined “uncritically” ISBN 978-0-8028-6678-3 • 197 pages • paperback • $25.00 (3). Attempting to reorient his readers, he asks key questions such as: Who is the At your bookstore, Wm. B. Eerdmans photographer? Why were the photographs Publishing Co. taken? and How did the African subjects or call 800-253-7521 2579 2140 Oak Industrial Dr NE react to being photographed? (5). These www.eerdmans.com Grand Rapids, MI 49505 questions are the jewels of the book, and

January 2013 55 Introducing World Christianity. has more recently been given cogency by missiologists and historians such as Dana Edited by Charles E. Farhadian. Malden, Robert, Philip Jenkins, and Lamin Sanneh. Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. Pp. xii, 280. This term helps to call attention not only $84.95 / £55 / €63.40; paperback $39.95 / to the missionary realities of Christian £19.99 / €23. faith but also, when employed broadly, to the historical breadth and depth of “What difference has Christianity made in three paradigms in the interpretation Christianity as a social movement. the world?” is the driving question of this of Christianity. The editor cites a first Two chapters that stand out are book. The authors of this interdisciplinary paradigm that surfaced by the early “Middle Eastern and North African introduction use this question to twentieth century—that is, a kind of Christianity,” by Heather Sharkey, and focus on social, cultural, and political mapping of Christianity worldwide, as “Christianity in North America: Changes transformations caused by Christianity. As was done at the 1910 Edinburgh World and Challenges in a Land of Promise,” such, the book is a broad comprehensive Missionary Conference, where the by Kevin Christiano. Sharkey provides overview of Christianity around the world, stress was on Western-initiated mission especially useful brief references to region by region, that rings true in an age of movements and Christian interpretation. reasons for Christian attrition (11) and globalization and information technology. A second paradigm emerged in the an assessment of Islamic anger (13); The book is focused on the nature of social, last decades of the twentieth century Christiano’s sensitivity to different cultural, political, and religious realities, that interpreted world Christianity as conceptions of Christianity in the United not theology or biblical scholarship. It polycentric in nature. The name and States and Canada is impressive. conveys a deep respect for the complexity scholarship of Andrew Walls loom In the conclusion, Robert Woodberry of indigenous Christianities worldwide, large here. Finally, Farhadian’s volume offers a balanced and measured summary which is reflected in the diversity of contributes to the third paradigm, of an array of civil and cultural interactions. authors. Two suppositions do seem to carry building on earlier approaches and He concludes that the relationships the book: (1) Christianity is “inherently offering widening interpretation that between Christianity and other religions missionary,” and (2) the movement or flow draws connections among social, cul- may be as peaceful as they are susceptible of Christianity is “unified worldwide not tural, political, religious, and historical to violence. by political, economic, cultural, linguistic, forces. —Rodney L. Petersen or geographical commonalities, but by It is important to note that this communities of faith responsive to God’s book understands itself as investigating Rodney L. Petersen is Executive Director, Boston forgiveness through Jesus Christ” (1). Christianity as “world Christianity,” a Theological Institute, and Adjunct Instructor, This introduction to world Christianity term that we are told by sociologist Robert Boston University School of Theology, Boston, situates itself in what it calls the third of Wuthnow reaches back to 1929, although it Massachusetts.

A Jesuit in the Forbidden City: contemporaries to survive or to flourish, Matteo Ricci, 1552–1610. and of the life of struggle, setback, and intellectual ambiguity that underlay the By R. Po-chia Hsia. Oxford: Oxford Univ. experience of even the most favored. Press, 2010. Pp. xiv, 359. £40 / $57.50; —Chloë Starr paperback £19.99 / $35. Chloë Starr is Assistant Professor of Asian Theology With more than a dozen journal reviews scholarship in languages to explore the at Yale Divinity School, New Haven, Connecticut. in print, R. Po-chia Hsia’s biography of texts and their import for readers. China’s most famous missionary lives up The lessons are gained easily in this to its status as the most reviewed book of highly readable account. A portrait of Ricci the year on a Jesuit topic. Matteo Ricci’s as both scholar and shrewd politician, life and scholarship are well known, and the book pays a welcome amount of this volume explores Ricci’s long journey attention to Ricci’s early life, weaving to the Chinese court and life of dialogue in detail on the Roman Catholic renewal Indigenous Christianity in with Confucian scholars by following and the continued rise of the Jesuit order Madagascar: The Power to Heal in Ricci’s city stops en route north toward that propelled Ricci eventually to China. Community. the capital. The first eight or nine chapters Hsia’s biography sheds light on the form a biography from Macerata, Italy, debates and personalities in the mission By Cynthia Holder Rich. New York: Peter Lang, to Beijing, and the final three chapters field—on Italian grievances against the 2011. Pp.188. $76.95 / €59.20 / £47 / SFr 72. of the volume concentrate on Ricci’s Portuguese, for example—while making writings, including his seminal The True broader connections for readers with the Indigenous Christianity in Madagascar is Meaning of the Lord of Heaven (1595). As trading and political environment of the another contribution to the history of both an apologist and a leading scientist late sixteenth century, as well as life in the church in Madagascar. It helps us to in China (Ricci concentrated more on the higher echelons of Chinese society. understand one side of the important role math than theology in the Jesuit colleges For an audience with a particular interest of the church in general, and the Malagasy he attended and was the first to translate in mission, Hsia’s account reminds just Lutheran church in particular, within the Euclid into Chinese), Ricci, through his how rare the success of a Ricci was: community on this island. The author, writings, engendered a significant field of of the personal cost and dedication Cynthia Holder Rich, served as an adjunct cross-cultural scholarship that still bears through which early modern mission professor in a Reformed theological school fruit. To our benefit, Hsia has the requisite grew, of the failure of so many of Ricci’s of the Church of Jesus Christ in Mada-

56 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 gascar (FJKM) situated in Fianarantsoa, in the context of African Christianity as Church, and Amos Kasibante provide south of the capital city, Antananarivo. a whole. insider views of its impact. In this era of globalization and Most of the contributors, whether Ken Farrimond, Cynthia Hoehler- technology, faith still has a peculiar impact Africans or non-Africans, come from Fetton, Simon Barrington-Ward, Birgitta on the life of the people of Madagascar. As outside the communities affected by the Larson, John Karanja, Esther Mambo, and the author clearly points out, the church revival. Understandably, the chapters Nick Godfrey give perspectives on the East is still heard and taken seriously by the differ widely in approach and scope. A African Revival that reflect either work wider society. The book even argues that good number are articulate presentations experiences or past research studies. Derek the church offers the ultimate solution for of empirical research; others appear to rely Peterson offers an interesting view of the Malagasy society and can give answers to more heavily on personal observation. revival, one not as frequently considered, all important issues that arise. Indeed, the For example, Kevin Ward and Emma as politically energizing. Terry Barringer late former president of the FJKM, Joseph Wild-Wood cover the historical origin and discusses ways that the Joe Church papers Ramambasoa (1972–92), stated that only context of the revival; John Gatu, John remain a useful research resource. the church is able to save the country. Holder Rich tries to analyze and explain such a claim. This book shows how the Malagasy church lives out Jesus’ command to his disciples to go to the world and heal. S TUDIES IN THE H ISTORY Unfortunately, the book has some OF C HRISTIAN M ISSIONS factual errors. For example, FJKM is a united (not federated) church founded in 1968 (not 1950). The first missionaries from the London Missionary Society arrived in The Spiritual in the Secular Madagascar in 1818 (not 1820). There are some other minor errors. Even so, Holder Rich’s work enables readers to understand Missionaries and Knowledge about Africa the strength of the Gospel’s impact within Malagasy society, reaching all the way Patrick Harries to the country’s leaders. I believe that this volume presents a beginning for and wider study of the power of the church in Madagascar. David Maxwell —Lala H. Rasendrahasina E DITORS

Lala H. Rasendrahasina, an ordained minister, is President of the Church of Jesus Christ in Mada- “Serious scholarship has long gascar (FJKM). moved past the stereotype of mis- sionaries as bumbling colonialists mindlessly serving the interests of hegemonic imperialism. But not until this book has the signifi cant The East African Revival: History contribution of missionaries to and Legacies. careful scientifi c investigation Edited by Kevin Ward and Emma Wild-Wood. been properly probed. Backed by unusually careful research, these chap- Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2012. Pp. xiii, 235. ters show how missionary mastery of local knowledge has contributed $99.95. signifi cantly to a wide range of sciences — geology, ethnography, social anthropology, linguistics, and more.” This book, a collection of sixteen papers — MARK A. NOLL on the East African Revival, originated from a conference that marked the place- ment of the papers of Joe Church, a found- “Patrick Harries, David Maxwell, and their fellow authors explore how ing father of the East African Revival, in missionaries made unique contributions to scientifi c knowledge about the archives of the Henry Martyn Centre, Africa but have been given little credit for doing so. The Spiritual in the Cambridge. Overall, the book is a study of Secular succeeds in fi nally setting the record straight.” how the East African Revival has revital- ized African Christianity, showing that — DANA L. ROBERT the revival has made a positive mark on the people in the region of East Africa and that it offers valuable lessons for the ISBN 978-0-8028-6634-9 · 355 pages · paperback · $45.00 wider church. The contributors are well informed on the topic, through either research or extended direct participation. The papers At your bookstore, or call 800-253-7521 fall into two sections. The first one outlines 2540 the historical origins of the East African www.eerdmans.com Revival; the second offers testimonies and personal perspectives on the revival

January 2013 57 While this book does not fully sat- community made with itself in the 1960s at the same time act as adversaries of isfy the quest for a more thematically to hold the line to those states that already world order. coherent book on the East African Revival, possessed nuclear weapons—but which Turkey is an outward-looking mem- theologians, historians, sociologists, would now be expected to reduce their ber of the international system, is therefore, and students of the revival will find it arsenals—and to require all others to under the theory, eligible for peaceful a useful resource. I recommend it to all forswear the acquisition of such weapons. nuclear energy, and is presumed not to students and readers in modern African The NPT’s weak point was the relative ease be a seeker of weapons. But Turkey has Christianity. with which civilian use of nuclear energy, not been successful in gaining access to —Alex Kagume Mugisha which the treaty permitted, can be secretly civilian nuclear technology because of shifted to weapons production. allegations that it sought help from Paki- Alex Kagume Mugisha is Deputy Vice-Chancellor It is clear that there are legitimate and stan in modifying peaceful technology for for Academic Affairs, Uganda Christian University, worthy programs to produce the energy weapons production. Mukono, Uganda. needed to cope with rapid economic Saudi Arabia has a legitimate need growth. Gulf states such as Abu Dhabi for peaceful nuclear energy, just as do “do not aspire to retire in peace after their the Gulf states, and the United States oil and gas reserves are exhausted; they has committed itself to help such Saudi aim instead at developing diversified development. The concern in this case economies which will . . . let them be is that Iran’s drive for nuclear weaponry The Nuclear Question in the counted among the advanced countries will compel the Saudis to convert peaceful Middle East. of the world” (84). technology to military use as a matter of A theory is advanced: “inward- self-defense. The recent perception that Edited by Mehran Kamrava. New York: looking” states are likely to want nuclear the United States is stepping away from Columbia Univ. Press, 2012. Pp. xi, 297. $40. weapons, while the outward-looking regional involvement could cause the are constrained from pursuing that goal. Saudis to make this dangerous decision. This book carries one clear message: the This is to say that most Middle East states Two nuclear programs stand out Middle East is going nuclear, like it or not. accept and try to abide by the norms of the as differing from this regional picture. The backdrop to all the book’s articles is international state system, but a few “rogue The article on Israel describes in riveting the nonproliferation treaty (NPT), which states,” such as Saddam’s Iraq, Qaddafi’s detail the evolution of a nuclear policy nowhere in this volume is fully explained. Libya, and today’s Islamic Republic of Iran, of ambiguity, vagueness, opacity, and The NPT is the deal the international while wanting to be treated as legitimate, secrecy. From the founding of the state,

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58 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 the imperative for a nuclear weapons This unresolved tension and scores way of teaching history—from Western capability to offset the determination of the of others across the Middle East make it normative to global narrative—must Arab-Islamic world to eradicate Israel was clear that the idea of a regional nuclear- develop, and Antoinette Burton’s Primer obvious. The conclusion here, however, is weapons-free zone, addressed near the is a great place to start. The ten principles that Israel’s strategic and moral logic has end of this volume, is unrealistic. she has developed (“not the ten design rendered Israel’s nuclear weapons “truly —Charles Hill principles”) have emerged from over unusable” (222), even in retaliation after twenty years of teaching in collaboration taking a devastating first strike. Charles Hill is the Brady-Johnson Distinguished with colleagues. The communal and global The article on Iran, by the director of Fellow in Grand Strategy, International Security project that she presents is as much a way an institute in Tehran, is a superficially Studies Program, Yale University, New Haven, to understand the global human story as plausible presentation of Iran’s benign Connecticut. it is a way to teach history as a service to intentions and a call for a “win-win” the larger public. U.S.-Iran agreement that would enable This tightly worded volume is laid its peaceful-uses program to proceed out in three sections, plus a helpful with the approval of all. This presenta- introduction, “Why Design?” The first part tion, however, is at odds with years of gives four foundational design options evidence that Iran has been pursuing A Primer for Teaching World for organizing a world history course nuclear weapons as rapidly as possible. History: Ten Design Principles. according to timing, connectivity (space), The volume’s coverage of Egypt women and the body, and histories from unfortunately has been overtaken by By Antoinette Burton. Durham, N.C.: Duke below. The second part discusses ways to events. The new duopoly in which the Univ. Press, 2012. Pp. xiii, 154. Paperback operationalize these foundational design military—an outward-looking institution $21.95. options. What she means by this is how that has ruled out nuclear weapons— to think about strategies to teach through shares authority with a president from the The globalization of all education in the the foundational grids. In this section she Muslim Brotherhood, which has declared past few decades has created a dilemma discusses event, genealogy, and empire its readiness “to starve in order to own a for scholars in the West. We have a pretty as teaching tools. Part 3 presents three nuclear weapon that . . . will be decisive good idea of how to teach history as teaching technologies: “digital narratives,” in the Arab-Israeli conflict” (72), means Western Civilization in a term or two, but global archive stories, and testing for the that one or the other position will have what in the world are we to do when we global. This slim volume thus becomes a to give way. now have to cover all of the globe? A new type of thick description of teaching world

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January 2013 59 history, ranging at the upper end from how found the brief epilogue (“Never Done”) in effect, is the story I wish to be heard? to conceive of something so large down to, a wonderful way to think about teaching Is the design of my course enabling that at the lower end, how to communicate and and about continuing to develop new story and its counterhistories?” (6). These test for learning. skills for the art. are some of the basic questions that this As a Christian historian, I found this For those writing, teaching, or read- book will help us answer before we step volume challenging and inspiring. In an ing about global Christian history, there is in front of the classroom or sit in front of effort to learn more and more about the much of value in Burton’s volume, and yet the computer or face the camera. global church, I often set aside equally it is not just about Christianity. She raises —Scott W. Sunquist important concerns such as how to significant issues of meaning, value, communicate connections between Asian and connection (all of them important Scott W. Sunquist is Dean of the School of and European and African empires, and concerns for the historian) without con- Intercultural Studies and Professor of World how to lift up threads such as the place of cluding what must or should be taught. Christianity, Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, women and the making of history from the She opens a number of doors for global California. He is the coauthor, with Dale T. Irvin, of margins. The chapter on use of technology historical scholarship, but each writer the two-volume History of the World Christian (“Teaching ‘Digital Narratives’”) is and teacher must decide which ones Movement (Orbis Books, 2001–12). thought provoking and realistic. I also to enter, and to what purpose. “What

Faith in Objects: American The Colonisation of Time: Missionary Expositions in the Ritual, Routine, and Resistance Early Twentieth Century. in the British Empire.

By Erin L. Hasinoff. New York: Palgrave By Giordano Nanni. Manchester: Manchester Macmillan, 2011. Pp. xiv, 269. $85 / £55. Univ. Press, 2012. Pp. xvii, 254. £70.

Missiologists are generally familiar with were taken to the AMNH by Franz Boas The Colonisation of Time is the latest the Ecumenical Missionary Conference until 1911, when they were transferred to volume in the remarkable Studies in held at Carnegie Hall in New York Boston for the exposition. There 400,000 Imperialism series, founded nearly City in April 1900, attended by up to visitors, with the assistance of 20,000 stew- twenty years ago by John MacKenzie 200,000 people over a ten-day period and ards, were treated to displays, exhibits, and now approaching its hundredth addressed by President William McKinley pavilions, pageants, demonstrations, and volume. This not uncontroversial but and former president Benjamin Harrison. illustrated lectures of living conditions and always lively series has changed the way But how many know about “The World religions in countries where missionar- historians look at imperialism, especially in Boston,” a twenty-four-day exhibition ies were working around the world, all through its emphasis on imperialism as a held in the Mechanics Building in 1911? to show the progress of the missionary cultural phenomenon that impacted the It was “America’s First Great Missionary enterprise and to encourage support and metropoles as much as the settler and Exposition,” modeled after a similar participation in it. colonized societies. The series as a whole display in London in 1908 called “Orient Following World War I there was no has given due attention to missions and in London.” The latter inspired a series longer much interest in such large-scale churches. of U.S. denominational expositions, missionary expositions. “‘The World in This volume, by Giordano Nanni, an including the 1919 Methodist missionary Boston’ was boxed up and shelved at Australian Research Council fellow in the exposition in Columbus, Ohio, described the AMNH . . . and the collection would School of Social and Political Sciences at as the Methodist World’s Fair, which remain in storage” (147). the University of Melbourne, is no excep- attracted over one million visitors. This is a fascinating study of a tion. As MacKenzie writes in his general Such exhibitions are the focus of movement in missionary education that editor’s introduction, “Europeans saw the this volume by Erin L. Hasinoff, a fellow is hard to imagine today. introduction of Western concepts of time in museum anthropology at the Bard —Gerald H. Anderson . . . as part of their necessary reforma- Graduate Center and in the Division of tion of the world, a reformation that was Anthropology of the American Museum Gerald H. Anderson, a senior contributing editor, is indeed moral as well as practical in its of Natural History (AMNH), both in New Director Emeritus of the Overseas Ministries Study import. . . . Missionaries constituted the York City. The author treats the Boston Center, New Haven, Connecticut. shock troops of such colonial conver- exposition as “a lens for understanding sions. . . . Protestant missions, particu- the way in which many Americans larly those with a Calvinist theology, tacitly apprehended their collective were more or less obsessed with the contributions to evangelism through the significance of the Sabbath and with the Please beware of bogus renewal material culture of mission,” described essential character-forming value of time notices. A genuine IBMR renewal as an “ethnology of collecting” (4). Her discipline” (xi–xii). notice will have a return address analysis of the Boston exposition shows Nanni discusses “the everyday strug- of Denville, NJ 07834 on the outer how “domestic and foreign evangelism gles and negotiations which occurred envelope, and the address on the was imagined and participated in through during the colonial encounter as regards reply envelope will go to PO Box the material culture of missions, and its the dominant perception of time in 3000, Denville, NJ 07834-3000. interactions with early twentieth-century society” (4). Chapter 1 introduces the Please e-mail [email protected] anthropology, then defined by museum- subject in terms of the “clocks, Sabbaths or call (203) 624-6672, ext. 309, with based research” (5). and seven-day weeks” that dominated any questions. Thank you. Many of the objects first displayed in nineteenth-century Britain. Subsequent 1900 at the New York missionary exhibit chapters are concerned not only with the

60 International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 37, No. 1 way in which administrators, employ- (222). Europeans “were emissaries of a ers, and missionaries imposed their Western time-consciousness to the rest of understanding and regulation of time but the world[, and] . . . missionaries them- also with the way in which indigenous selves were undoubtedly among its most peoples in Victoria, Australia, and Cape active and effective propagators” (223). Colony resisted, subverted, and lived This is a rich volume that provokes to other rhythms. Chapter 6 focuses on much reflection on the nature of mission missionary schools in Southern Africa, and inculturation and especially on power especially Lovedale. These chapters relations in mission and, ultimately, on make for compelling reading—a judi- the meaning of time itself. cious blend of narrative, illustrations, —Terry Barringer and just enough theorization. It is hard to disagree with any of Nanni’s conclu- Terry Barringer is an independent scholar and sions, including his comment that “the bibliographer associated with the Henry Martyn histories of Western time and European Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom. colonisation are inextricably connected” Plan Your 2013 Summer Sabbatical at OMSC Celebrating a Century of Efficiency to three-bedroom. For Ecumenism: Exploring the summer rates and reservations, e-mail Achievements of International Dialogue. a request with your choice of dates to Judy C. Stebbins, [email protected] Edited by John A. Radano. Grand Rapids: Overseas Ministries study Center Eerdmans, 2012. Pp. xxv, 330. Paperback $40. www.omsc.org/summer Are you interested in learning about the Was there cross-fertilization as major steps taken in the past one hundred Roman Catholics participated in numer- years toward the reconciliation of divided ous bilateral dialogues? I found little evi- Christians? Do you share with the authors dence of it. Ecumenical discussions and a desire “to ascertain what has been agreements, however, had notable impact achieved so as to be able to build on these upon the progress of bilateral conversa- CIRCULATION STATEMENT Statement required by the act of August 12, 1970, section developments in the continuing quest for tions, such as that published as Baptism, 3685. Title 39, United States Code, showing ownership, Christian unity” (xviii)? If so, this book Eucharist, and Ministry (Geneva, 1982). management, and circulation of InternatIonal BulletIn is for you. The coverage of this volume is of MIssIonary research. Published 4 times per year at 490 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511. The book originated in a 2010 con- restricted to bilateral conversations in Publisher: Jonathan J. Bonk, Overseas Ministries Study ference on the title theme held in St. Paul, which the Roman Catholic Church has Center, 490 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511. Editor: Jonathan J. Bonk, Overseas Ministries Study Center, 490 Minnesota, and with papers presented participated since Vatican II. Other bilat- Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511. Senior Associ- there. Of the fifteen authors, ten have eral conversations also, however, have ate Editor, Dwight P. Baker; Associate Editor, J. Nelson served both in bilateral dialogues between contributed to improved understandings Jennings; Managing Editor, Daniel J. Nicholas; Overseas Ministries Study Center, 490 Prospect Street, New Haven, communions and in ecumenical Faith and and, in several cases, to full communion Connecticut, 06511. The owner is Overseas Ministries Study Order discussions. Three cochaired the between churches. Another restriction is Center, 490 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511. international bilateral dialogues about The known bondholders, mortgagees, and other secu- that, with the exception of assessment of rity holders owning or holding one percent or more of total which they write, and five participated in Roman Catholic–Orthodox discussions amounts of bonds, mortgages or other securities are: None. multiple phases of the dialogues. in North America, the volume does not The range of dialogues analyzed is cover bilateral conversations at national Column A Column B Average no. of Actual no. of outstanding for a single volume presen- or regional levels. copies each issue copies of single issue tation. Part 1 contains four evaluations of I would have appreciated a con- during preceding published nearest to the World Council of Churches’ vision and cluding chapter summarizing what has 12 months filing date achievements for Christian unity. To this, been achieved, with implications for the A B the work of Faith and Order, in which the ongoing quest for Christian unity in the Total no. copies printed 4,038 3,905 Paid circulation: sales Roman Catholic Church has been an active twenty-first century. Fortunately, indi- through dealers, carriers, participant, has been central. Part 2 con- vidual authors contribute their evaluations street vendors, and tains essays on eleven bilateral dialogues of specific bilateral dialogues, suggesting counter sales 0 0 Mail subscriptions 2,643 2,484 that the Roman Catholic Church has held next steps. It can only be hoped that this Total paid circulation 2,643 2,484 with a variety of other communions—from volume will encourage others to join in the Free distribution 795 915 Total distribution 3,438 3,399 Eastern and Oriental Orthodox to evan- noble quest to make visible and tangible Copies not distributed: 503 479 gelicals and Pentecostals. the answer to Jesus’ prayer “that they may office use, left over, Roman Catholic participants’ sen- be one” (John 17:11). unaccounted, spoiled after printing sitivity and flexibility in dialogue with —Norman E. Thomas Returns from news agents 0 0 diverse communions is impressive. The Total 3,941 3,878 Percent Paid and/or stated goal of their dialogues with Angli- Norman E. Thomas is Professor Emeritus of Requested Circulation 76.9% 73.1% can and Orthodox churches has been to World Christianity at United Theological I certify that the statements made by me above are reestablish full communion, whereas with Seminary, Dayton, Ohio. He is author of correct and complete. (signed) Pentecostal leaders the intent has been to Missions and Unity: Lessons from History, Jonathan J. Bonk, Editor foster respect and understanding. 1792–2010 (Cascade Books, 2010).

January 2013 61 The Origins of the Baptist the trials and opportunities the Baptist Movement among the Hungarians: movement faced and how it withstood A History of the Baptists in the local opposition, shed new light on the Kingdom of Hungary from 1846 to pioneering figures and their faithful 1893. missionary service. The final chapter is a brief account of the social ministries of By G. Alexander Kish. Leiden: Brill, 2012. Hungarian Baptists. Pp. ix, 487. €109 / $149. The author argues that the two attempts should not be seen as separate, The Origins of the Baptist Movement among mission fail, despite the availability of but as interconnected phases of the same the Hungarians is a work of solid scholar- resources and good planning? And why narrative history of church planting. New ship and will be hailed as a groundbreaking was the German-led attempt in 1873 suc- waves of nationalism rekindled aspira- narrative history of Baptist mission work cessful, despite its lack of resources and tions for Hungarian church autonomy in continental Europe. Church historian planning? in the late nineteenth century. Credit and political scientist G. Alexander Kish Divided into five chapters, the book therefore belongs not only to the leaders presents the story of Baptist origins in sets the origins of Hungarian Baptists who scored the goal in 1873, but also to the Hungary in terms of two overlapping within the political and ecclesiastical pioneers who first passed the ball in 1846. narratives. The first begins in 1846, when context of nineteenth-century continental Kish’s volume is richly researched Johann Rottmayer returned to Hungary Europe. The first two chapters focus on the and splendidly written. It is a welcome from Germany and started working among pioneering mission activities of Rottmayer addition to the growing interest in ethnic Hungarians. The second narrative and Meyer. The chapters also highlight the narrative missionary history. begins in 1873, when Heinrich Meyer story of young Hungarian students at the —Caleb O. Oladipo also returned from Germany and started Baptist seminary in Hamburg who, on their Baptist congregations in Budapest. return to Hungary, tried unsuccessfully to Caleb O. Oladipo, from Nigeria, is the Duke K. Dominating the book are two related break away from Heinrich Meyer in the McCall Professor of Mission and World Christianity questions—why did the Hungarian-led interests of Hungarian Baptist autonomy. at the Baptist Theological Seminary at Richmond, initiative in 1846 to establish a Baptist Chapters 3 and 4, besides dealing with in Richmond, Virginia.

Dissertation Notices

Anderson, Daniel R. Esler, John Theodore. “Soli Dei Gloria: A Doxological “Movements and Missionary Agencies: Hermeneutic of Mission in Emerging A Case Study of Church Planting Ministries in the Evangelical Lutheran Missionary Teams.” Church in America.” Ph.D. Pasadena, Calif.: Fuller Theological Ph.D. St. Paul, Minn.: Luther Seminary, Seminary, 2012. 2012. Everett, David LaMar. “A Future Horizon for a Prophetic Tradition: A Missional, Hermeneutical, and Pastoral Leadership Approach to Education and Black Church Civic Engagement.” Ph.D. St. Paul, Minn.: Luther Seminary, 2012.

Dick, Randal Glen. Kim, Dae Sung. “The Impact of Human Patterned “The Very End of the Earth: An Behaviors on the Mission of the American Protestant Missionary Church: An Application of the Elliott Understanding of Korea in the 1880s.” Wave Principle.” Ph.D. Evanston, Ill.: Garrett-Evangelical Ph.D. Pasadena, Calif.: Fuller Theological Theological Seminary, 2012. Seminary, 2011. Kowalski, Rosemarie Linda Daher. Duerksen, Darren Todd. “‘Whom Shall I Send? And Who Will “Ecclesial Identities in a Multi-Faith Go for Us?’ The Empowerment of Context: Jesus Truth-Gatherings (Yeshu the Holy Spirit for Early Pentecostal Satsangs) Among Hindus and Sikhs in Female Missionaries.” Northwest India.” Ph.D. Springfield, Mo.: Assemblies of God Ph.D. Pasadena, Calif.: Fuller Theological Theological Seminary, 2012. Seminary, 2011.

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