The Dilemma of the Nile Perch

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Dilemma of the Nile Perch Africa ECOLABELLING The Dilemma of the Nile Perch Ecolabelling could be a strategy to secure long-term market access of a fishing sector that secures the livelihoods of around 150,000 fishers in the Nile-perch fishery he Deutsche Gesellschaft für Tech- ous ups and downs since its introduc- nische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) tion in the 1990s. Consumer opinion TGmbH is an international co-op- shifted between ‘fish of the month’ and eration enterprise for sustainable de- an ‘African nightmare’, based on the velopment, with worldwide operations. documentary film Darwin’s Nightmare, GTZ is a German federal enterprise, and which, due to a very negative presenta- supports the German government in tion of the Nile-perch industry and the 10 achieving its development-policy ob- region, raised a lot of concerns. This jectives. The German Federal Ministry article clarifies certain problems, and for Economic Co-operation and Devel- proposes ecolabelling as a strategy to opment (BMZ) is one of its main clients. secure long-term market access for a Currently, GTZ is involved in a pilot sector that, at present, secures the live- project in Tanzania to introduce ecocer- lihoods of approximately 150,000 local tification in the fishing industry around fishers. the Nile perch (Lates niloticus), and is A lot has been published on the ef- fects of the Nile perch’s introduction into Lake Victoria, most of it controver- sial due to a sudden intense predation The current discussion about Nile perch is clearly and reduction of the unique, indig- dominated by a ‘European’ point of view, that is, one enous cichlid stocks. focused on pure nature and species conservation. Therefore, opinions range, in gener- al, from criticism as an ecological catas- trophe to the appraisal as an economic success story, based on the significance conducting a feasibility study in Sene- of the fishery for local incomes, em- gal about the possibility of ecocertifica- ployment and export revenue for the tion. In October 2006, GTZ organized a riparian States of Kenya, Tanzania and regional workshop in Nairobi to explo- Uganda. The latter comprised approxi- re the possibility of ecolabelling in Lake mately US$250 mn in 2004. Representa- Victoria. GTZ is also promoting respon- tives of the African States repeatedly sible aquaculture, inter alia, through refer to these facts to stress the impor- the introduction of environmental and tance of the Nile-perch fishing sector. social standards and guidelines for product certification. For example, with Chemical use the support of GTZ, Naturland initiated During recent years, cases of This article by Uwe Scholz (uwe.scholz@GTZ. their first pilot project for the organic contamination of fish consignments, de), Programme Adviser, Deutsche Gesellschaft für production of shrimp in Ecuador. the outbreak of a local cholera plague, Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), was earlier The German market for Lake Victo- and the alleged use of chemicals during published in Eurofish Magazine 6/2006 and also ria Nile perch has gone through numer- fishing operations led to import bans in Globefish (http://www.globefish.org/index. php?id=3513) SAMUDRA REPORT NO.48 ECOLABELLING into the European Union, resulting animal-rights viewpoint. A similar dis- in local unemployment and a huge cussion in relation to a proposed cull- loss of foreign exchange. A detailed ing of dangerous elephants in Malawi analysis of all the published pros and led a Chief of the Angoni to make the cons related to the introduction of following statement: “They (the Euro- the Nile perch would be very time- peans) love animals more than us.” consuming. Therefore, the following In a region where the survival of statements should be sufficient. Since the population is dependent on fishing, its introduction into Lake Victoria, the and issues like social security or com- species has established itself well and pensation for loss of earnings are non- has become part of the fish fauna. It existent, people see no direct benefit in can no longer be removed or controlled a fanatic protection of, for example, in- to such an extent that the indigenous digenous cichlids. For that to occur, in- cichlids will not be subject to predation. come from aquarium-fish trade (which The full history of the introduction is still has still to be established) or ‘cichlid a bit vague, as the only documentation tourism’ should exceed income from available concerns the release of a Nile-perch fishing, which is unlikely to limited amount of perch in February be the case. 1954 into Lake Kyoga, which is located A complete ban of the Nile-perch downstream of Lake Victoria—at this fishery, as demanded by the environ- time still separated by the Owen Falls. mental organization Greenpeace, is not Today, Nile perch accounts for about 50 a solution, because the fish has estab- per cent of the landings, followed by the lished itself firmly in the ecosystem, and lake sardine (Rastrineobola argentea, should rather be fished and consumed. locally named dagaa or omena) and It thus makes more sense to make use larger cichlid species such as the of the species, while, at the same time, 11 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a paying attention to social and environ- species that was also introduced during mental aspects and, in doing so, trying the 1960s. Lake sardines are today the to improve the livelihoods and living major staple source of protein supply conditions of the local population. To for the local population, while tilapia do this, local initiatives for better fish- are the preferred fish species for eries management at the village level consumption in urban centres. In other (beach management groups) and the words, the fish fauna of the lake is not, regional Lake Victoria Fisheries Or- as is often stated, entirely depleted of ganization (LVFO), which co-ordinates all species except the Nile perch. A lot of indigenous fish species have found GTZ long-term protection in the rocky shores or overgrown shallow waters of the lake. The current discussion about Nile perch is clearly dominated by a ‘Euro- pean’ point of view, that is, one focused on pure nature and species conserva- tion. Stated facts are often similar to the dialogue concerning animal protec- tion in African nature reserves, in par- ticular, the militant rejection of partly necessary cutback of abundant species that become destructive for people and the environment, for example, elephants. Debates and controversies are both useful and essential, since they draw attention, and may lead to an increased support for African coun- tries in their attempts to cope with the problems. However, the deliberations Nile perch accounts for about 50 per cent of the landings from Africa’s Lake Victoria are often dominated by an inflexible NOVEMBER 2007 A F R ICA the management efforts of the fisheries initiatives are welcome, and will be departments, should be supported. supported by the States concerned, as transparency, good fisheries manage- ment and labelling are seen as tools for An additional prerequisite would be that consumers in long-term market access of Nile perch Europe are prepared to pay a premium for ecolabelled fisheries products to the important Eu- ropean markets. They are also seen as Nile perch, and that fishermen involved in better fisheries- being of benefit to the population liv- management practices would benefit from this added ing around the lake, which sometimes value. hardly has any alternative to fishing. In this regard, GTZ will co-finance a MSC pre-assessment of Lake Victoria, Ecolabelling aims at producing and together with the German processors marketing fish in an ecological and so- and importers association, Bundes- cially compatible way. In the case of verband der deutschen Fischindustrie Lake Victoria perch, a labelling process und des Fischgroßhandels e.V. All par- such as that of the Marine Stewardship ties have agreed to participate, and the Council (MSC) would be a suitable tool, project will commence once the admin- but it would have to be modified to the istrative handling is arranged. conditions of the African small-scale Since March 2007 a pilot project fishery in conjunction with capacity de- for ecolabelling the Nile-perch fish- velopment of accredited local certifiers. ery in Lake Victoria has been running An additional prerequisite would be in Bukoba, Tanzania, in order to gain that consumers in Europe are prepared some first-hand experiences about the to pay a premium for ecolabelled Nile bottlenecks. Partners in this process 12 perch, and that fishermen involved in are the European importer, Anova, the better fisheries-management practices local Processor, Vicfish, and the certi- would benefit from this added value. fier, Naturland. The first results are not The prerequisite of the price premium expected before end 2007. seems to be, meanwhile, accepted, In recent months, GTZ has also pro- as more and more trade chains and vided backstop for an MSC initiative in wholesalers have reacted to consumer Senegal. In May 2007, a feasibility study pressure by offering a variety of MSC- for the MSC on Senegalese small-scale certified products. fisheries was commissioned. This study GTZ has gained a lot of experience is currently in the validation process, with development co-operation projects and findings will be announced in due For more in the fisheries sector worldwide. In co- course. operation with MSC and other partners gtz.de/en/presse/18444.htm like the Food and Agriculture Organiza- GTZ Press Release on Certification tion of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), GTZ www.anovafood.com/page.asp?lStrId=6 is currently in the process of develop- 3&lStrArtNr=5.3.&lIntMenuStyle=5&lIn ing a concept for an increased support tLevel=11&lStrLang=EN&lStrBuyer=&lS of the Developing World Programme trPagePath=Sustainability%20%3E%20 of the MSC, which also targets tropical Naturland small-scale fisheries like the Lake Victo- Towards Naturland Certification ria Nile perch fishery.
Recommended publications
  • Fishing Gear in the Sondu-Miriu River: Level of Use, Preference and Selectivity Waswala-Olewe M
    Fishing Gear in the Sondu-Miriu River: Level of Use, Preference and Selectivity Waswala-Olewe M. Brian, Okot-Okumu James and Abila O. Richard Waswala- Olewe M. Brian Okumu James Abila o. Richard Abstract: Artisan fishers of Osodo beach of Sondu-Miriu River (Kenya) use both traditional and modern gear to catch riverine fish species. This study, conducted between August 2006 and July 2007, revealed that fishers most predominantly used gear were the seine nets (42%) and the gill nets (28%). Other used gear include long lines (14%); fish baskets (9%) and weirs (7%). The selectivity of this fishing gear varied with the developmental stages of the fish to be caught. Non- selective gear caught both targeted and non-targeted species irrespective of size and development stages. The ranking of selective to non-selective fishing gear was the long lines, fish baskets, weirs, gill nets and beach nets at 2%, 11%, 16%, 24% and 32%, respectively. The non-selective fishing gear may have negative impacts on the riverine fish by reducing spawning biomass and lacustrine fish recruitment. These findings underscore the need for greater appreciation, research, and adaptation of appropriate fishing gear to ensure sustainable utilization of the riverine fisheries in Sondu-Miriu River. Key words: Sondu-Miriu River, Osodo beach, riverine fish, lacustrine fish, fishing gear Introduction Nile Perch (Lates nilotica) (Ogutu-Ohwayo & Balirwa ish plays an important role in both the aquatic 2006). Fecosystem and to the human population. They are Rivers are crucial breeding and nursery grounds for good indicators of environmental health within rivers the riverine fish species which later repopulate the lakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Lates Niloticus) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Nile Perch (Lates niloticus) Ecological Risk Screening Summary Web Version – September 2014 Photo: © Biopix: N Sloth 1 Native Range, and Status in the United States Native Range From Schofield (2011): “Much of central, western and eastern Africa: Nile River (below Murchison Falls), as well as the Congo, Niger, Volga, Senegal rivers and lakes Chad and Turkana (Greenwood 1966 [cited by Schofield (2011) but not accessed for this report]). Also present in the brackish Lake Mariot near Alexandria, Egypt.” Lates niloticus Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Web Version - 8/14/2012 Status in the United States From Schofield (2011): “Scientists from Texas traveled to Tanzania in 1974-1975 to investigate the introduction potential of Lates spp. into Texas reservoirs (Thompson et al. 1977 [cited by Schofield (2011) but not accessed for this report]). Temperature tolerance and trophic dynamics were studied for three species (L. angustifrons, L. microlepis and L. mariae). Subsequently, several individuals of these three species were shipped to Heart of the Hills Research Station (HOHRS) in Ingram, Texas in 1975 (Rutledge and Lyons 1976 [cited by Schofield (2011) but not accessed for this report]). Also in 1975, Nile perch (L. niloticus) were transferred from Lake Turkana, Kenya, to HOHRS. All fishes were held in indoor, closed-circulating systems (Rutledge and Lyons 1976).” “From 1978 to 1985, Lates spp. was released into various Texas reservoirs (Howells and Garrett 1992 [cited by Schofield (2011) but not accessed for this report]). Almost 70,000 Lates spp. larvae were stocked into Victor Braunig (Bexar Co.), Coleto Creek (Goliad Co.) and Fairfield (Freestone Co.) reservoirs between 1978 and 1984.
    [Show full text]
  • Barramundi – the Next Big Global Marine Finfish
    Barramundi – the next big global marine finfish Dean Jerry Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture James Cook University Australia Presentation outline . Global changes in food commodity consumption . Barramundi as the gap filler . Biological attributes of barramundi . Broodstock management . Hatchery production . Challenges to farming . Potential in Brazil Changing populations with changing diets 27% Cereals 58% 28% Fruit and vegetables 18% Sugars and 30% alcohol Meat, fish 27% 6% and other 7% products Developing Developed Changing populations with changing diets 27% Cereals 58% 28% Fruit and vegetables 18% Sugars and 30% alcohol Meat, fish 27% 6% and other 7% products Developing Developed Changing populations with changing diets The portfolio gap The portfolio gap What is barramundi? Species: Lates calcarifer Snooks (Americas) Nile perch (Africa) Centropomus sp. Lates niloticus Distribution of barramundi/seabass Australia vs SEAsiaBarramundi vs Australia Australia Indonesia - KM Indonesia - SW SE Asia SE Vietnam Cambodia Philippines Catadromous and protandrous life-history Catadromous - live in fresh water but migrate to marine waters to breed Protandrous Hermaphodite – born males and change sex into females later in life Attractiveness for farming Euryhaline (wide salinity tolerance): Cultured in fresh, brackish or seawater Fast growth: 1 kg in 1 year Accept well artificial food: wean onto pellets early, specialised diets available Good Feed Conversion Ratio FCR = < 1.5 :1 (Kg feed : Kg fish) Hardy: up to 100 kg / m3, 50t/ha Food conversion efficiency Strong consumer preference Versatility of farming systems Freshwater/brackish ponds Sea Cages Intensive raceways RAS Production Statistics - Global Production Statistics - Australia Production Statistics - Australia Broodstock management . Require saltwater (28-35ppt) for final gonadal maturation .
    [Show full text]
  • NILE PERCH Biodiversity As a Spinoff of Btb Control Will Then Be Lost
    of problem organisms is refl ected in the effort of commu- Atkinson, I. A. E., and E. K. Cameron. 1993. Human infl uence on the nity groups working on private and public lands to remove terrestrial biota and biotic communities of New Zealand. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12: 447–451. pests and weeds and to restore and replant native species. Fukami, T., D. A. Wardle, P. J. Bellingham, C. P. H. Mulder, D. R. Towns, However, this more aggressive stand toward invasive spe- G. W. Yeates, K. I. Bonner, M. S. Durrett, M. N. Grant-Hoffman, cies, especially mammals, can lead to polarized attitudes and W. M. Williamson. 2006. Above- and below-ground impacts of introduced predators in seabird-dominated island ecosystems. Ecology within local communities. For example, the control of Letters 9: 1299–1307. possums and associated by-kill of deer spawned a coor- Hosking, G., J. Clearwater, J. Handisides, M. Kay, J. Ray, and N. Simmons. dinated campaign against compound 1080 and the agen- 2003. Tussock moth eradication: A success story from New Zealand. International Journal of Pest Management 49: 17–24. cies that use it; this has even included threats to sabotage King, C. M., ed. 2005. The Handbook of New Zealand Mammals, 2nd ed. conservation sites through the deliberate release of pests. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Furthermore, within Auckland, attitudes to the spread of McDowall, R. M. 1994. Gamekeepers for the Nation: The Story of Btk against introduced moths differed between suburbs, New Zealand’s Acclimatisation Societies, 1861–1990. Christchurch: Canterbury University Press. with orchestrated campaigns of resistance to its use in west- Montague, T.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 African Parks (Ethiopia) Nechsar National Park
    AFRICAN PARKS (ETHIOPIA) NECHSAR NATIONAL PARK PROJECT Sustainable Use of the Lake Chamo Nile Crocodile Population Project Document By Romulus Whitaker Assisted by Nikhil Whitaker for African Parks (Ethiopia), Addis Ababa February, 2007 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The consultant expresses his gratitude to the following people and organizations for their cooperation and assistance: Tadesse Hailu, Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Office, Addis Ababa Assegid Gebre, Ranch Manager, Arba Minch Crocodile Ranch Kumara Wakjira, Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Office, Addis Ababa Abebe Sine Gebregiorgis, Hydraulic Engineering Department, Arba Minch University Arba Minch Fisheries Cooperative Association Melaku Bekele, Vice Dean, Wondo Genet College of Forestry Habtamu Assaye, Graduate Assistant, WGCF; Ato Yitayan, Lecturer, WGCF Abebe Getahun, Department of Biology, Addis Ababa University Samy A. Saber, Faculty of Science, Addis Ababa University Bimrew Tadesse, Fisheries Biology Expert, Gamogofa Zonal Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Bureau of Agriculture & Natural Resources Development, Southern Nations Nationalities and People’s Regional Government Abdurahiman Kubsa, Advisor, Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) Bayisa Megera, Institute for Sustainable Development, Arba Minch Jason Roussos, Ethiopian Rift Valley Safaris Richard Fergusson, Regional Chairman, IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group Olivier Behra, IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group Fritz Huchzermeyer, IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group In African Parks: Jean Marc Froment Assefa Mebrate Mateos Ersado Marianne van der Lingen Meherit Tamer Samson Mokenen Ian and Lee Stevenson Jean-Pierre d’Huart James Young Plus: Boat Operators Meaza Messele and Mengistu Meku, Drivers and Game Scouts, all of whom made the field work possible and enjoyable. 2 AFRICAN PARKS (ETHIOPIA) NECHSAR NATIONAL PARK PROJECT Sustainable Use of the Lake Chamo Nile Crocodile Population Project Document INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND I visited Lake Chamo in June, 2006 during the making of a documentary film on crocodiles.
    [Show full text]
  • Who's Got the Biggest?
    WHO’S GOT THE BIGGEST? Rom Whitaker and Nik Whitaker [Adapted by inclusion of additional images from article in Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter 27(4): 26-30] The fascination for ‘fi nding the biggest’ is deeply engrained, and when fi lm producer Harry Marshall at Icon Films (UK) offered a chance to search for the world’s largest crocodilian - who could refuse? Claims of giant crocodiles are as wild as those for outsize fi sh and snakes. “It was longer than the boat”, has been earnestly related in a dozen languages, from the Rift Valley lakes of Figure 2. Alistair Graham with skull of 6.2 m (20’) long C. Ethiopia to the mighty Fly River in Papua New Guinea. And porosus from the Fly River, Papua New Guinea (see Fig. the Fly River is where this ‘skull quest’ (for that’s what it’s 1). Photograph: Rom Whitaker. become) began. Largest Crocodile with Photographic Documentation The note that Jerome published on this fi nd (Montague 1983) didn’t exactly shake the world. People were (and still are) quite In 1980 I (RW) was working for the United Nations crocodile convinced that C. porosus well over 20’ long are on record. program in Papua New Guinea as ‘Production Manager’; the But when the quest for the biggest started to get serious, it second author (NW) was also there, see illustration. Along was soon obvious that these ‘records’ are mostly anecdotes with UN volunteer Jerome Montague, also a biologist, we with no solid evidence. Some colleagues are ready to accept went off on patrol down the Fly River, checking on the anecdotal total lengths - we are much more skeptical.
    [Show full text]
  • Aspects of the Biology of Juvenile Barramundi Lates Calcarifer (Bloch
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Barlow, Christopher G. (1998) Aspects of the biology of juvenile barramundi Lates calcarifer (Bloch) relevant to production for recreational fisheries and farming, with a note on the proposal to introduce Nile perch Lates niloticus (L.) to Australia. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24097/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24097/ Aspects of the biology of juvenile barramundi Lates calcarifer (Bloch) relevant to production for recreational fisheries and farming, with a note on the proposal to introduce Nile perch Lates niloticus (L.) to Australia Thesis submitted by Christopher G. BARLOW BSc (JCUNQ) MSc (UNSW) in January 1998 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Zoology at qvR cv4.7-vee- James Cook University of North Queensland STATEMENT ON ACCESS I, the undersigned, the author of this thesis, understand that James Cook University of North Queensland will make it available for use within the University Library and, by microfilm or other means, allow access to users in other approved libraries. All users consulting this thesis will have to sign the following statement: `In consulting this thesis I agree not to copy or closely paraphrase it in whole or in part without the written consent of the author; and to make proper written acknowledgement for any assistance which I have obtained from it.' Beyond this, I do not wish to place any restriction on access to this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • TEXAS PEACOCK BASS and NILE PERCH: STATUS REPORT by WILLIAM P
    TEXAS PEACOCK BASS AND NILE PERCH: STATUS REPORT by WILLIAM P. RUTLEDGE Heart of the Hills Fisheries Research Station Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Ingram, Texas 78025 and BARRY W. LYONS Texas Parks and Wildlife Department San Antonio, Texas 78216 ABSTRACT Texas has 37 man-made reservoirs used to cool electro-power plants and several more are in the construction and/or planning phases. Managing the sport fishery in these reservoirs is difficult because temperate predators are unable to compete with overabundant rough fish populations characteristic in the warmed water ofthese impoundments. Nile perch (Lates sp. )and peacock bass (Cichla temensis) are two tropical predators under investigation for possible introduction into power plant reservoirs. Small stocks of these fishes are being maintained in closed-recirculation systems at the Heart of the Hills Fisheries Research Station, Ingram, Texas. Fishes will be reared to sexual maturity, spawned., and the young used in temperature and salinity tolerance tests. Information gained in these tests will playa significant role in the selection ofstudy reservoirs. INTRODUCTION The State of Texas has 37 man-made reservoirs used to cool electro-power plants, with nine additional warmed-water impoundments scheduled for completion by 1977. Managing the sport fishery in these reservoirs is complicated by large areas of water maintained at or near tropical temperatures for the entire year. Temperate predatory fish species are unable to sustain adequate populations to utilize the overabundant "rough" fishes characteristic in these heated reservoirs. Personnel of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, in conjunction with Dr. Clark Hubbs of The University of Texas, began investigating the possibility of introducing tropical predatory fish species into heated reservoirs for rough fish control.
    [Show full text]
  • An Assessment of the Effect of the Closed Seasons on Abundance of the Silver Cyprinid, Rastrineobola Argentea, in Lake Victoria
    ununftp.is Final Project 2012 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THE CLOSED SEASONS ON ABUNDANCE OF THE SILVER CYPRINID, RASTRINEOBOLA ARGENTEA, IN LAKE VICTORIA Robert Wanyama Ministry of Fisheries Development Nairobi, Kenya [email protected] Supervisors: Hreidar Thor Valtysson [email protected] Hlynur Ármannsson [email protected] ABSTRACT Lake Victoria is currently dominated by the introduced Nile perch, (Lates niloticus), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the endemic cyprinid Rastrineobola argentea. R. argentea is second only to Nile perch in terms of commercial importance. With the recent declining trends in the catches of Nile perch and most other fish species in the lake, interest has gradually been shifting to the exploitation of R. argentea. From time to time Lake Victoria partner states have been implementing management measures aimed at ensuring sustainable utilization of the fisheries. One such measure was to implement a yearly closed season for fishing of R. argentea for four months period, starting in 2001. However this ban was only implemented by Kenya. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of the closed seasons in the Kenyan part of the lake on the abundance of R. argentea. Catch, CPUE and biomass data were analysed to establish trends between 1999 and 2011, for the Kenyan and Ugandan portions as well as the entire lake. The results indicated an increased biomass not only on the Kenyan side, where closed seasons are implemented, but also in the entire lake. This indicates that factors other than fishing, such as environmental and ecological changes play a crucial role in the fluctuations of R.
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Days of Fish Stocking and the Formation of the TFSS[12675]
    The Early Days of Fish Stocking and the formation of the Tableland Fish Stocking Society By Alf Hogan Fish stocking has a long history on the Atherton Tablelands. The first pioneers tried to stock rainbow and brown trout carried in milk cans way back in the 1880’s. No wonder they tried to stock fish, because as far as I can ascertain, the only fish in the Barron River were eels, rainbowfish and purple- spotted gudgeons. In 1949, Ernie Fong On and a few other keen anglers formed the Tableland Fish Acclimatisation Society. I still have all their meeting minutes and correspondence and it makes interesting reading. This group was responsible for establishing bony bream, archer fish, sleepy cod, mouth almighty, banded grunter, eel-tailed catfish and hardyheads, all from the Mitchell River, and khaki bream from the Tully River. The group also tried unsuccessfully to introduce brown and rainbow trout plus sooty grunter into Tinaroo not long after it was built. In all, this society tried to stock 19 species. This lack of success in establishing a larger angling species led to the demise of the Acclimatisation Society. Incidentally, Fong On Bay was named in recognition of Ernie’s efforts to stock fish into Tinaroo. All of Queensland’s dams, including Tinaroo, were seen as aquatic deserts as far as angling species were concerned. This led to the push to import Nile perch, a fish closely related to barramundi but known to breed in lakes, unlike the saltwater spawning barramundi. Leading the push was Hamar Midgley, a keen angler and amateur naturalist.
    [Show full text]
  • Whole Body and Egg Amino Acid Composition of Nile Perch, Lates Niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Prediction of Its Dietary Essential Amino Acid Requirements
    African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(100), pp. 16615-16624, 13 December, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJB12.2076 ISSN 1684–5315 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Whole body and egg amino acid composition of Nile perch, Lates niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and prediction of its dietary essential amino acid requirements Namulawa, V. T.1*, Rutaisire, J.1 and Britz, P. J.2 1Aquaculture Research and Development Center. P. O. Box 530, Kampala, Uganda. 2Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. Accepted 5 October, 2012 Eggs and tissue of Nile perch juveniles were analysed in order to derive the essential amino acid dietary requirements for Nile perch larvae and juveniles, using the A/E ratio. Results revealed the presence of both essential and non-essential amino acids in Nile perch. A significant difference (p < 0.05) between the amino acids (AA) composition in the eggs and tissue and amongst the four class sizes of juveniles was observed. Estimates of the amino acid dietary requirements revealed that Nile perch has high arginine, leucine, threonine, valine and isoleucine dietary requirements. Key words: Nile perch, amino acids, dietary requirements, larvae, juveniles. INTRODUCTION Nile perch (Lates niloticus) is a freshwater carnivorous weight gain (Martinez-Palacios et al., 2007; Zuanon et al., fish and a couple of authors have reported its predatory 2009). Amino acid assays have been widely done to effect on several indiginous fish species (Goldschmidt et accurately determine the protein requirements for the al., 1993; Ogutu-Ohwayo, 1993). However, this fish is aquaculture of different fish species (Kaushik, 1998; currently of great social economic importance in the East Conceição et al., 2003), to reduce wastage and pollution African region (Gumisiriza et al., 2009; Beuving, 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • The Market for Nile Perch Nile for Market The
    GLOBEFISH RESEARCH PROGRAMME The Market for Nile Perch The Market Volume 84 for Nile Perch Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fishery Industries Division Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy Tel.:+39 06 5705 5074 Fax: +39 06 5705 5188 www.globefish.org Volume 84 The market for Nile Perch by Helga Josupeit GLOBEFISH (April 2006) The GLOBEFISH Research Programme is an activity initiated by FAO's Fishery Industries Division, Rome, Italy and financed jointly by: - NMFS, (National Marine Fisheries Service), Washington, DC, USA - FROM, (Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación), Madrid, Spain - Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Copenhagen, Denmark - European Commission, Directorate General for Fisheries, Brussels, Belgium - NSEC, (Norwegian Seafood Export Council), Tromsoe, Norway - OFIMER, (Office National Interprofessionnel des Produits de la Mer et de l’Aquaculture), Paris, France - VASEP, (Viet Nam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers), Hanoi,Viet Nam - ASMI, (Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute), Juneau, USA - Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), Canada Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, GLOBEFISH, Fishery Industries Division Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy – Tel.: (39) 06570 56244/06570 54759 – E-mail: [email protected] - Fax: (39) 0657055188 Web:www.globefish.org Photograph : courtesy of Hector Lupin (FAO) The designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]