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Aus Dem Institut Für Veterinär-Anatomie Des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin Der Freien Universität Berlin

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Aus Dem Institut Für Veterinär-Anatomie Des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin Der Freien Universität Berlin Aus dem Institut für Veterinär-Anatomie des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Anatomische und histologische Untersuchungen des Verdauungstrakts des Grünflossenbuntbarsches Amatitlania nigrofasciata Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Carsten Hopperdietzel Tierarzt aus Berlin Berlin 2017 Journal-Nr.: 3927 II Gedruckt mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek Erster Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Johanna Plendl Zweiter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Franz-Viktor Salomon Dritter Gutachter: PD Dr. Kerstin Müller Deskriptoren (nach CAB Thesaurus): Amatitlania nigrofasciata, animal anatomy, histology, body parts, digestive system, serosa, mucosa, digestive tract mucosa, eosinophils, effects, body weight, diet, food restriction, intestines, basement membrane (MeSH) Tag der Promotion: 17.01.2017 III “Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” Albert Einstein IV Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Vorstellung des Fisches................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Der Grünflossenbuntbarsch als Aquarienfisch ....................................................... 1 1.1.2 Der Grünflossenbuntbarsch als Modelltier ............................................................. 2 1.2 Der Verdauungstrakt .................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Zielsetzung ................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 Angewandte Methoden .............................................................................................. 4 2 Publikationen ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Gross morphology and histology of the alimentary tract of the convict cichlid Amatitlania nigrofasciata .......................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Materials and methods .......................................................................................... 8 2.1.3.1 Macroscopic examination ................................................................................ 8 2.1.3.2 Light microscopic examination ........................................................................ 8 2.1.3.3 SEM examination ............................................................................................ 9 2.1.4 Results .................................................................................................................10 2.1.4.1 Gross morphology determined by macroscopic examination ..........................10 2.1.4.2 Histology determined by light microscopy and SEM examination ...................12 2.1.5 Discussion ............................................................................................................20 2.1.6 References ...........................................................................................................25 2.2 Distribution pattern of eosinophilic granular cells in the intestine of convict cichlid Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Günther, 1867). ................................................... 33 2.2.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................34 2.2.2 Introduction ...........................................................................................................34 2.2.3 Material and methods ...........................................................................................35 V 2.2.4 Results .................................................................................................................36 2.2.5 Discussion ............................................................................................................39 2.2.6 References ...........................................................................................................40 3 Diskussion ........................................................................................................................ 44 3.1 Segmentierung des Verdauungstrakts von Amatitlania nigrofasciata anhand morphologischer Aspekte ....................................................................................... 44 3.1.1 Besonderheiten des Oesophagus .........................................................................44 3.1.2 Besonderheiten des Magens ................................................................................45 3.1.3 Besonderheiten des Darmes ................................................................................45 3.2 Vorkommen und Verteilung eosinophiler Granularzellen im Darm von Amatitlania nigrofasciata ........................................................................................ 46 3.2.1 Segmentierung des Darmes von Amatitlania nigrofasciata anhand der Verteilung intestinaler eosinophiler Granularzellen .........................................................................46 3.2.2 Zusammenhang zwischen der Verteilung intestinaler eosinophiler Granularzellen und der Ausprägung der mukosalen Basalmembran .....................................................47 3.2.3 Zusammenhang zwischen dem Fütterungsregime und der Verteilung intestinaler eosinophiler Granularzellen ...........................................................................................47 3.3 Studienübergreifende Interpretation der intestinalen Segmentierung von Amatitlania nigrofasciata ........................................................................................ 48 4 Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................... 50 5 Summary “Anatomical and histological examinations of the alimentary tract in ................. 52 convict cichlid Amatitlania nigrofasciata” ............................................................................. 52 6 Literaturverzeichnis der Einleitung und Diskussion ........................................................... 53 7 Publikationsliste ................................................................................................................ 61 7.1 Originalartikel ........................................................................................................... 61 7.1.1 Beteiligung der Autoren an den Originalartikeln ....................................................61 7.2 Weitere Originalartikel .............................................................................................. 62 7.3 Kongressbeiträge ..................................................................................................... 63 VI 7.3.1 Vorträge ................................................................................................................63 7.3.2 Poster ...................................................................................................................63 8 Danksagung ..................................................................................................................... 65 9 Selbständigkeitserklärung................................................................................................. 66 Einleitung 1 1 Einleitung 1.1 Vorstellung des Fisches Amatitlania nigrofasciata, der Grünflossenbuntbarsch oder Zebrabuntbarsch (Synonym), ist ein Vertreter aus der Familie der Buntbarsche (Cichlidae) (Schmitter-Soto, 2007). Als Süßwas- serbewohner kommt er in verschiedenen Fließgewässern des nördlichen Mittelamerikas vor. Männliche Tiere haben eine Durchschnittsgröße von ca. 6,3 – 6,6 cm Standardlänge (Länge des Fisches exklusive Schwanzflosse). Weibliche Tiere erreichen in der Regel nicht diese Größe sondern bleiben mit 4,2 – 5,5 cm etwas kleiner (Wisenden, 1995). Ein Geschlechts- dimorphismus ist besonders bei adulten Tieren ausgeprägt. Während die männlichen Tiere auf ihrem grauen Grundton eine schwarze Streifung der gesamten lateralen und ventralen Körperwand aufweisen (daher auch die Namensgebung Zebrabuntbarsch), zeigen weibliche Exemplare im ventrolateralen Bereich zusätzlich eine orangefarbige Pigmentierung. Männli- che Tiere haben zudem längere Flossen und können mit zunehmendem Alter einen Stirnbu- ckel entwickeln (Wisenden, 1995). Die Tiere werden durchschnittlich bis zu 11 Jahre alt (Bar- low, 2002), sind mit ca. 6 Monaten geschlechtsreif und leben in der Regel monogam (Arnott & Elwood, 2009). Ein besonderes Merkmal ist ihr ausgeprägtes Revierverhalten sowie eine durch beide Geschlechter betriebene Brutpflege (Gumm & Itzkowitz, 2007). In seinem natürli- chen Lebensraum ernährt sich der Grünflossenbuntbarsch als omnivore Fischart von kleinen Krebsen, Fischen, Insekten sowie Algen und Pflanzenmaterial (Winemiller et al., 1995). 1.1.1 Der Grünflossenbuntbarsch als Aquarienfisch In Deutschland wurde im Jahr 2015 die Anzahl der Aquarien laut Zentralverband Zoologischer Fachbetriebe Deutschland
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