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(CARNIVORA, FELIDAE) in a CERRADO-CAATINGA-ATLANTIC FOREST ECOTONE, BRAZIL Mastozoología Neotropical, Vol

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(CARNIVORA, FELIDAE) in a CERRADO-CAATINGA-ATLANTIC FOREST ECOTONE, BRAZIL Mastozoología Neotropical, Vol Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Oliveira do Nascimento, Fabio; dos Santos Pompeu, Paulo; Passamani, Marcelo RANGE EXTENSION OF THE PANTANAL CAT Leopardus braccatus (CARNIVORA, FELIDAE) IN A CERRADO-CAATINGA-ATLANTIC FOREST ECOTONE, BRAZIL Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 23, núm. 1, 2016, pp. 171-177 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45746645018 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 23(1):171-177, Mendoza, 2016 Copyright ©SAREM, 2016 http://www.sarem.org.ar Versión impresa ISSN 0327-9383 http://www.sbmz.com.br Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 Nota RANGE EXTENSION OF THE PANTANAL CAT Leopardus braccatus (CARNIVORA, FELIDAE) IN A CERRADO-CAATINGA-ATLANTIC FOREST ECOTONE, BRAZIL Fabio Oliveira do Nascimento1, Paulo dos Santos Pompeu2, and Marcelo Passamani2 1 Mastozoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Nazaré 481, CEP 04263-000, Ipiranga, São Paulo, Brazil [Correspondence: Fabio Oliveira do Nascimento <[email protected]>]. 2 Setor de Ecologia, DBI, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. ABSTRACT. The Pantanal cat Leopardus braccatus (Cope, 1889) is a small-sized felid found in the open biomes of Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and northeastern Argentina. We provide a new record for the northeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, based on a road-killed specimen. This is the easternmost known record of the Pantanal cat, extending its range about 310 km, in a Cerrado-Caatinga-Atlantic Forest ecotone. RESUMO. Extensão de distribução geográfica do gato-palheiro Leopardus braccatus (Carnivora, Felidae) em um ecótono Cerrado-Caatinga-Mata Atlântica, Brasil. O gato-palheiro Leopardus braccatus (Cope, 1889) é um felídeo de pequeno porte encontrado nos biomas abertos do Brasil, Bolívia, Paraguai, Uruguai e nordeste da Argentina. Neste trabalho fornecemos um novo registro para o nordeste do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, baseado em um espécime atropelado em uma rodovia. Este é o registro de gato-palheiro mais ao leste conhecido, estendendo sua distribuição em 310 km, em um ecótono de Cerrado-Caatinga-Mata Atlântica. Key words: Minas Gerais. Pampas cat. Road-kill. Sistema Urubu. Palavras-chave: Atropelamento. Gato-palheiro. Minas Gerais. Sistema Urubu. Pantanal cat or pampas cat Leopardus brac- al., 2008; Chebez, 2009; Nascimento, 2010; catus (Cope, 1889) is a small-sized felid Soljan et al., 2010; Barstow and Leslie, 2012; (2.4-4.0 kg) (Nascimento, unpublished data) Queirolo et al., 2013a). Taxonomically, it has found in the open biomes (Cerrado, Pantanal, been regarded either as a subspecies of L. Chaco, Beni savannas and Pampas) of Brazil, colocolo (Molina, 1782) (Cabrera, 1940, 1958; Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and northeastern Ximénez, 1961, 1970; Johnson et al., 1999; Argentina (García-Perea, 1994; Chebez et Sunquist and Sunquist, 2009) or a subspecies Recibido 16 octubre 2015. Aceptado 13 febrero 2016. Editor asociado: F Prevosti 172 Mastozoología Neotropical, 23(1):171-177, Mendoza, 2016 FO Nascimento et al. http://www.sarem.org.ar - http://www.sbmz.com.br of L. pajeros (Desmarest, 1816) (Pocock, 1941; stream. The specimens were found at 07:40, Weigel, 1961). However García-Perea (1994) and the preservation status of the specimens recognized the Pantanal cat as a full species indicated their activity in the area during the in the genus Lynchailurus Severtzov, 1858. dawn period. The characters of the photo- This was followed by Wozencraft (2005), who graphed specimen matches with the description differed from García-Perea only in classifying of the subspecies L. b. braccatus, i.e., it shows the species in the genus Leopardus Gray, 1842. overall ground color of the body uniformly Two subspecies of L. braccatus are currently brown agouti with dark spots and stripes vis- recognized: L. b. braccatus (Cope, 1889), found ible in the venter, but almost fainted, forming in Central Brazil (from Maranhão and Piauí to traces of dark brown rosettes in other parts Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia, and Paraguay of the body, especially in the flank, proximal (García-Perea, 1994; Nascimento, 2010; Barstow stripes of the legs black and feet dorsally and and Leslie, 2012); and L. b. munoai (Ximénez, ventrally black (sometimes the dorsal part of 1961), which occurs in Southern Brazil (south- the feet are less darker than the ventral part), ern part of Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay and the spinal crest little darker than ground color, Northeastern Argentina (García-Perea, 1994; and tail not ringed and with black tip. The Chebez et al., 2008; Nascimento, 2010; Soljan identification of the specimen was based on et al., 2010; Barstow and Leslie, 2012). literature data, in comparison with reference In the present study we report a new local- material housed in scientific collections (e.g., ity record for L. b. braccatus and also provide Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São an updated distribution map based on records Paulo, MZUSP) and also on unpublished data from museum specimens (Nascimento, 2010; from one of us (FON). Nascimento, unpublished data) and literature This new locality extends the geographic (Schwangart, 1941; Silveira, 1995; Santos Filho, distribution of the species about 310 km to 2000; Courtenay, 2002; Bagno et al., 2004; Em- the east and represents the easternmost limit mons et al., 2006; Mamede and Alho, 2006; Cá- for the species range, in a Cerrado-Caatinga- ceres et al., 2007; Machado et al., 2008; Chebez, Atlantic Forest ecotone (Fig. 1). Furthermore, 2009; Rosa and Tolentino, 2009; Godoi et al., the locality is in the Jequitinhonha River Valley, 2010; Luque et al., 2012) (Fig. 1; see Appen- a region characterized by native vegetation of dix 1). Some literature records were excluded different features, with certain particularities, due to dubious and misleading identifications that possesses controversial classification (Car- (for example, Bordignon et al. [2006] identified rara et al., 2013), sometimes being classified as a a feral domestic cat Felis catus as a pampas cat, transition zone between Cerrado and Caatinga which was named in their article as Oncifelis (Fernandes and Bezerra, 1990; Carrara et al., colocolo). Comparing to other species of Neo- 2013) or as an area under influence of Cer- tropical cats, L. braccatus has a small number rado and Atlantic Forest (Carrara et al., 2013; of specimens housed in scientific collections SEMAD, 2015). The region nearby the record (Nascimento, unpublished data), covering (Fig. 3) is located in the Caatinga domain, widely separated geographic areas (Fig. 1), and featured by well-preserved large fragments which results in a lack of knowledge about its of Seasonal Deciduous Forest (Scolforo and individual variation, taxonomy, biogeography Carvalho, 2006). Extensive cattle raising is the and natural history. predominant land use in the region. On May 20th 2015, one of us (PP) found Due to adverse circumstances, unfortunately two road-killed specimens of Pantanal cat the Pantanal cat specimens were neither col- (a male and a female) (Fig. 2) in the federal lected nor measured, but one of them was paved road BR-342, municipality of Araçuaí, photographed (Fig. 2). This photograph was re- northeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil corded under the number UM-2015/05-000.424 (16° 49’ 47.50” S; 42° 00’ 21.35” W) (Figs. 1 and in the database of “Sistema Urubu” (http://cbee. 3). The location is 300 m above sea level, and ufla.br/portal/sistema_urubu/urubu_web.php), 400 m away from the Jequitinhonha River main which is an initiative of “Centro Brasileiro RANGE EXTENSION OF Leopardus braccatus IN BRAZIL 173 Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of L. b. braccatus specimens. The black star refers to the new record (Araçuaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil; 16°49’47.50”S / 42°00’21.35”W) of the specimens showed in the present study. Letters correspond to specimens housed in scientific collections and the numbers refer to the localities taken from literature. See the Appendix 1 for the list of localities. 174 Mastozoología Neotropical, 23(1):171-177, Mendoza, 2016 FO Nascimento et al. http://www.sarem.org.ar - http://www.sbmz.com.br Fig. 2. Road-killed specimen of Pantanal cat, L. b. braccatus (Cope, 1889), from Araçuaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Sistema Urubu, UM-2015/05- 000.424). Photo by Paulo S. Pompeu. de Estudos em Ecologia de Estradas” (CBEE) that compiles, systematizes and provides information on the mortality of wildlife on roads and railways and aims to assist government agencies and road concessionaires in decision mak- ing to reduce these impacts. Even though recent studies have in- creased our knowledge on the fauna of the Jequitinhonha River Valley (Drum- mond et al., 2005), L. braccatus had not been hand, it is possible that the species has always recorded in the region up to now. One possible been present in the area but has never been explanation of the absence of L. braccatus in recorded. Sampling difficulties associated with previous studies is that the species may be ex- the elusive behavior of the animals, problems panding its geographical distribution in recent in identifying the species, and the low popu- years due to changes in landscape, similar to lation density of the species throughout its what happens in southern Brazil, where defor- geographical distribution may be some factors estation in the Atlantic Forest has allowed the that make detection difficult and may result in expansion of open-area animals such as the false absences (Ferreira et al., 2014). A good pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) (Queirolo example of this are the recent records for the et al., 2013b) and maned wolf (Chrysocyon bush dog (Speothos venaticus) in the north of brachyurus) (Paula et al., 2013).
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