DOCSLIB.ORG

Recommendation: Comprehensive Conservation Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recommendation: Comprehensive Conservation Plan Site to be managed CHAPTER 2: SITE TO BE MANAGED 2.1 HAMPI WORLD HERITAGE SITE AS INSCRIBED Country and State Party: INDIA State: KARNATAKA Name of the World Heritage Property: GROUP OF MONUMENTS AT HAMPI Important Dates: First nomination by the State Party: 1982 Inscription on the World Heritage List: 1986 Inscription on the List of World Heritage in Danger: 1999 Removal from the List of World Heritage in Danger: 2006 Criteria for Inscription: Cultural Criteria I, III and IV Justification for Inclusion in the World Heritage List as a Cultural Property: “The most magnificent, extensive and varied ruins of a metropolis [Vijayanagara]. A richly constituted military, civil, religious, residential and secular remains amidst the most picturesque hills and river setting. Architecture, sculpture, painting and stucco are all integrated in the remains.” (Source: http://whc.unesco.org/p_dynamic/sites/passfile.cfm?filename=241&filetype=pdf&category=nominations, pg 8, as downloaded on 11 July 2006) Statements of Authenticity and Integrity: There are no Statements of Authenticity or Integrity available since the time of the inscription. Threats to the Property Causing its Endangering: “The inclusion of the Groups of Monuments at Hampi on the List of World Heritage in Danger was By Prof. Nalini Thakur, Dept. of Architectural Conservation, School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi 1 Integrated Management Plan for Hampi World Heritage Site May 2007 prompted by the construction of two suspension bridges which dominate the natural environment and threaten the World Heritage Site's integrity. The construction of a road towards one of the bridges will result in a major increase in heavy goods traffic and has already resulted in the dismantling and reconstruction of an important historic monument – a mandapa (a pillared stone rest house) within the borders of the site. This dislocation signifies serious problems in the implementation of cultural heritage policies and regulations.” (Source: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/241, as downloaded on 11 July 2006) Justification for Removal of Hampi from the List of World Heritage in Danger: “Reductions in motor traffic and the decision to change the location of a planned shopping centre enabled the [World Heritage] Committee to determine that the Group of Monuments at Hampi, inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1986 and on the Danger List in 1999, was no longer under threat” (Source: http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/264 uploaded 11 July 2006, as downloaded on 11 July 2006) NOTE: Henceforth, the IMP adopts the following benchmarks for management purposes: 1. Hereafter, the inscribed site of Hampi shall be referred to as ‘Hampi World Heritage Site’ (or HWHS) in lieu of ‘Group of Monuments at Hampi.’ 2. The extents of the property as identified in Map 2 shall be considered towards the scope of the implementation of the IMP since the same was endorsed by the ASI in the August 2005 meetings and by Mr Francesco Bandarin, Director, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, in his correspondence dated 6 September 2005. 2 Prepared for Archaeological Survey of India Site to be managed 2.2 SITE IDENTIFICATION 2.2.1 Location of Hampi World Heritage Site Hampi World Heritage Site is spread over the two districts of Bellary and Koppal in the South Indian State of Karnataka.. In particular, it falls within the Hospet taluk of Bellary district and Gangawati taluk of Koppal district. Refer Map 1. Table 1: Geographical Co-ordinates for Hampi World Heritage Site (Source: http://whc.unesco.org/archive/periodicreporting/cycle01/section2/241.pdf, pg 3, as downloaded on 11 July 2006) Reference on Site Monument Latitude Longitude Centre Point Mahanavami Dibba 15º18’52” N 76º28’18” E 2nd Coordinate Virupaksha Temple 15º20’12” N 76º27’12” E 3rd Coordinate Pattabhirama Temple 15º18’30” N 76º29’15” E 2.2.2 Extents of Hampi World Heritage Site The extents of Hampi World Heritage Site/ Core Zone/ the inscribed site are presently identified as per the 1988 Gazette notification of the Government of Karnataka.1 Refer Map 2 2. The same is identified as the Core Zone under the Hampi World Heritage Area Management Authority Act, 2002 (HWHAMA Act, 2002), a Karnataka State Act especially formulated for management of this site as a heritage area under the Hampi World Heritage Area Management Authority (HWHAMA or Authority) established for these purposes. In accordance with Articles 103 and 104 of the Operational Guidelines, the HWHAMA Act, 2002 provides for a buffer to the Core Zone that is sub-classified into Buffer and Peripheral3 Zones. Refer Map 2. This Act further declares the entire area under the Core, Buffer and Peripheral zones collectively as Hampi World Heritage Area (HWHA) for conservation and management under the Authority. The present demarcation of boundaries, as per Map 2, is rationalized along individual property lines for grounding on site. However, it does not coincide with local governance and administrative jurisdictions on site, thus creating a disparity that adversely affects establishment 1 Under Subsection 3 of Section 19 of the Karnataka Ancient and Historical Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1961 (henceforth KAHMASR Act, 1961) vide notification No. ITY 137 KMU 84. 2 The present official base map is not geo-referenced and is highly inaccurate. 3 The Operational Guidelines do not recognize any nomenclature as Peripheral. By Prof. Nalini Thakur, Dept. of Architectural Conservation, School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi 3 Integrated Management Plan for Hampi World Heritage Site May 2007 and functioning of effective management mechanisms on the ground. To overcome the above, the IMP Volume 1, submitted in August 2005, had recommended rationalization of boundaries along village administrative divisions as per planning principles.4 However, in the August 2005 meeting of the UNESCO Mission, it was decided to limit such a rationalization action to the buffer boundary only and to leave the Core Zone boundaries unchanged. Accordingly, the HWHAMA has carried out this exercise and is presently in the process of notifying the new rationalized limits for management purposes. Refer Map 3. Once notified, this Map should be submitted to WHC as soon as possible. 2.2.3 Area of Hampi World Heritage Site Table 2: Area Calculation for Hampi World Heritage Area, Map 3 (Source: Hampi World Heritage Area Management Authority Act 2002, pg 11) Core Zone/ HWHS/ Inscribed Area 41.8 sq kms Buffer Zone 53.0 sq kms Peripheral Zone 31.0 sq kms TOTAL 125.8 sq kms After the new boundaries of HWHA are notified as per Map 4, the buffer area shall increase to 194.66 sq kms and the total area of HWHA to 236.46 sq kms. (Source: Draft Master Plan for Hampi Local Planning Area, Provisional Report 2006, pg 4). 2.3 SITE DESCRIPTION The inscribed site of Hampi represents the erstwhile capital and metropolis of the Vijayanagara5 Empire (14th-16th century CE) that was known by the same name. The site, popularly known as Hampi after the highly revered Hindu Goddess Hampadevi/ Pampadevi, remains one of the most outstanding places in the world with widespread archaeological remains of the erstwhile metropolis within a spectacularly beautiful natural setting characterized by boulder landscape and the meandering river Tungabhadra. Refer plate 1. 4 Besides being appropriate for planning, this rationalization afforded a better expression and comprehension of the OUVs, Authenticity and Integrity of the inscribed property in consonance with Articles 99 and 100 of the Operational Guidelines. 4 Prepared for Archaeological Survey of India Site to be managed 2.3.1 Currently Inscribed Information The Description and Inventory Section of the inscribed information gives a building level account of the following monuments, deemed of high architectural and sculptural values, thus proclaiming them as World Heritage. These include the Pampapati Temple/ Virupaksha Temple6, Hampi Bazaar, as ‘an important thoroughfare of the ancient city of Vijayanagara’ 7, Hazara Rama Temple, Pattabhirama Temple, Vitthala Temple and the Citadel Area with fortifications and civil constructions. The Citadel area itself includes the Queen’s Bath, the King’s Palace Enclosure, the Lotus Mahal, the Mint, Dandanayakl’s Enclosure, The Zanana Enclosure, The Water Pavilion and the Elephant Stables. Refer plate 2 Refer Issue 1: ‘Anomalies in the Inscribed Information’ in Chapter 3. The focus on individual monuments as reminders of the accomplished Vijayanagara metropolis is insufficient to provide a comprehensive explanation of the OUVs, Authenticity and Integrity of the site as laid down in the Justification, and therefore, contrary to the spirit of Articles 85, 88 and 89 of the Operational Guidelines. 2.3.2 Studies by the IMP Team 8 The foremost conclusion after conducting the site studies in 2003 was that there was a need to redefine the site in accordance with Articles 85, 88 and 100 of the Operational Guidelines to be able to explain its OUVs, and attributes of Authenticity and Integrity comprehensively for management purposes. Refer IMP Volume I – Integrated Management Plan for Hampi; IMP Volume II – Laying the Foundation, for summaries of surveys and studies carried out by the Team on site; and IMP Volume III – Cultural Resource Redefinition and Its Management Implications for the details of the entire range of cultural resources on the site that have been identified by the Team. This was based on the realization that the Vijayanagara metropolis of the 16th century CE had left behind a much greater range of heritage resources, tangible and intangible, spread over a very much larger area. Collectively, these resources give a comprehensive understanding and holistic vision of the glorious Vijayanagara metropolis that was, which is the basic premise of Hampi’s inscription as a World Heritage Property. Further, it was clear that a satisfactory 5 English translation ‘City of Victory’.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 11.13 Karnataka
    11.13 KARNATAKA 11.13.1 Introduction Karnataka, the seventh largest State of the country, with a geographical area of 1,91,791 sq km accounts for 5.83% of the geographical area of the country. The State is located in the south western region of India and lies between 11°30' N to 18°30' N latitudes and 74°00' E to 78°30' E longitudes and is bordered by Maharashtra and Goa in the North, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh in the east, Kerala & Tamil Nadu on the South and the Arabian Sea on the West. The State can be divided into two distinct physiographic regions viz the 'Malnad' or hilly region comprising Western Ghats and 'Maidan' or plain region comprising the inland plateau of varying heights. The average annual rainfall varies from 2,000 mm to 3,200 mm and the average annual temperature between 25°C and 35°C. The Western Ghats, which has an exceptionally high level of biological diversity and endemism, covers about 60% of forest area of the State. East flowing rivers in Karnataka mainly Cauvery & Krishna along with its tributaries drain into Bay of Bengal and west flowing rivers mainly Sharavathi & Kali drain into Arabian Sea. The State has 30 districts, amongst which 5 are tribal and 6 are hill districts. As per the 2011 census, Karnataka has a population of 61.13 million, which is 5.05% of India's population. The rural and urban populations constitute 61.43% and 38.57% respectively. Tribal population is 6.96% of the State's population.
    [Show full text]
  • World Heritage Sites in India
    World Heritage Sites in India drishtiias.com/printpdf/world-heritage-sites-in-india A World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by UNESCO for its special cultural or physical significance. The list of World Heritage Sites is maintained by the international 'World Heritage Programme', administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972. India has 38 world heritage sites that include 30 Cultural properties, 7 Natural properties and 1 mixed site. Watch Video At: https://youtu.be/lOzxUVCCSug 1/11 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization It was founded in 1945 to develop the “intellectual and moral solidarity of mankind” as a means of building lasting peace. It is located in Paris, France. Cultural Sites in India (30) Agra Fort (1983) 16th-century Mughal monument Fortress of red sandstone It comprises the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas Ajanta Caves (1983) Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (2016) Remains of a monastic and scholastic institution dating from the 3 rd century BCE to the 13th century CE. Includes stupas, shrines, viharas (residential and educational buildings) and important artworks in stucco, stone and metal. Considered to be the most ancient university of the Indian Subcontinent.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Ghats & Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot
    Ecosystem Profile WESTERN GHATS & SRI LANKA BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT WESTERN GHATS REGION FINAL VERSION MAY 2007 Prepared by: Kamal S. Bawa, Arundhati Das and Jagdish Krishnaswamy (Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology & the Environment - ATREE) K. Ullas Karanth, N. Samba Kumar and Madhu Rao (Wildlife Conservation Society) in collaboration with: Praveen Bhargav, Wildlife First K.N. Ganeshaiah, University of Agricultural Sciences Srinivas V., Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning incorporating contributions from: Narayani Barve, ATREE Sham Davande, ATREE Balanchandra Hegde, Sahyadri Wildlife and Forest Conservation Trust N.M. Ishwar, Wildlife Institute of India Zafar-ul Islam, Indian Bird Conservation Network Niren Jain, Kudremukh Wildlife Foundation Jayant Kulkarni, Envirosearch S. Lele, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment & Development M.D. Madhusudan, Nature Conservation Foundation Nandita Mahadev, University of Agricultural Sciences Kiran M.C., ATREE Prachi Mehta, Envirosearch Divya Mudappa, Nature Conservation Foundation Seema Purshothaman, ATREE Roopali Raghavan, ATREE T. R. Shankar Raman, Nature Conservation Foundation Sharmishta Sarkar, ATREE Mohammed Irfan Ullah, ATREE and with the technical support of: Conservation International-Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Assisted by the following experts and contributors: Rauf Ali Gladwin Joseph Uma Shaanker Rene Borges R. Kannan B. Siddharthan Jake Brunner Ajith Kumar C.S. Silori ii Milind Bunyan M.S.R. Murthy Mewa Singh Ravi Chellam Venkat Narayana H. Sudarshan B.A. Daniel T.S. Nayar R. Sukumar Ranjit Daniels Rohan Pethiyagoda R. Vasudeva Soubadra Devy Narendra Prasad K. Vasudevan P. Dharma Rajan M.K. Prasad Muthu Velautham P.S. Easa Asad Rahmani Arun Venkatraman Madhav Gadgil S.N. Rai Siddharth Yadav T. Ganesh Pratim Roy Santosh George P.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Sporadic Prevalence of DF/DHF in the Nilgiri and Cardamom
    Sporadic Prevalence of DF/DHF in the Nilgiri and Cardamom Hills of Western Ghats in South India: Is it a Seeding from Sylvatic Dengue Cycle – A Hypothesis Nand Lal Kalra* and Chusak Prasittisuk**# *A-38, Swasthaya Vihar, Vikas Marg, Delhi – 110 092 **Regional Office for South-East Asia, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India Abstract The Western Ghats of south India, encompassing the Nilgiri and Cardamom hills, are the wettest region of the country. Hills rising upto 3,000 metres receive over 200 cm of rainfall from both the south-west monsoon (June to September) and north-eastern monsoon (October to January). The eastern slopes of the Nilgiri Hills (200-500 metres) are bounded by Coimbatore and Erode districts of Tamil Nadu; whereas the western slopes of the Nilgiri and Cardamom hills are in the state of Kerala. The countryside has rich forests of teak and sandalwood, interspersed by groves of coconut, rubber, pepper, cardamom and banana plantations. Apart from the rich flora, monkeys Macaca( radiata) maintain a strong association in orchards with humans competing for food. The emergence of DF/DHF in this hilly region is a recent occurrence. An epidemiological team from the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) investigated the first-ever reported outbreak in Coimbatore in 1998. In all, 20 serological positive (IgM) cases were recorded by the city corporation. Five cases came from urban towns and 15 cases from rural areas of the two districts of Coimbatore and Erode. Rural cases were scattered in distantly located villages. Pyramid characterization and clustering of cases was conspicuously absent.
    [Show full text]
  • The High Deccan Duricrusts of India and Their Significance for the 'Laterite
    The High Deccan duricrusts of India and their significance for the ‘laterite’ issue Cliff D Ollier1 and Hetu C Sheth2,∗ 1School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009, Australia. 2Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India. ∗e-mail: [email protected] In the Deccan region of western India ferricrete duricrusts, usually described as laterites, cap some basalt summits east of the Western Ghats escarpment, basalts of the low-lying Konkan Plain to its west, as well as some sizeable isolated basalt plateaus rising from the Plain. The duricrusts are iron-cemented saprolite with vermiform hollows, but apart from that have little in common with the common descriptions of laterite. The classical laterite profile is not present. In particular there are no pisolitic concretions, no or minimal development of con- cretionary crust, and the pallid zone, commonly assumed to be typical of laterites, is absent. A relatively thin, non-indurated saprolite usually lies between the duricrust and fresh basalt. The duricrust resembles the classical laterite of Angadippuram in Kerala (southwestern India), but is much harder. The High Deccan duricrusts capping the basalt summits in the Western Ghats have been interpreted as residuals from a continuous (but now largely destroyed) laterite blan- ket that represents in situ transformation of the uppermost lavas, and thereby as marking the original top of the lava pile. But the unusual pattern of the duricrusts on the map and other evidence suggest instead that the duricrusts formed along a palaeoriver system, and are now in inverted relief.
    [Show full text]
  • Carnatic Music Theory Year I
    CARNATIC MUSIC THEORY YEAR I BASED ON THE SYLLABUS FOLLOWED BY GOVERNMENT MUSIC COLLEGES IN ANDHRA PRADESH AND TELANGANA FOR CERTIFICATE EXAMS HELD BY POTTI SRIRAMULU TELUGU UNIVERSITY ANANTH PATTABIRAMAN EDITION: 2.6 Latest edition can be downloaded from https://beautifulnote.com/theory Preface This text covers topics on Carnatic music required to clear the first year exams in Government music colleges in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Also, this is the first of four modules of theory as per Certificate in Music (Carnatic) examinations conducted by Potti Sriramulu Telugu University. So, if you are a music student from one of the above mentioned colleges, or preparing to appear for the university exam as a private candidate, you’ll find this useful. Though attempts are made to keep this text up-to-date with changes in the syllabus, students are strongly advised to consult the college or univer- sity and make sure all necessary topics are covered. This might also serve as an easy-to-follow introduction to Carnatic music for those who are generally interested in the system but not appearing for any particular examination. I’m grateful to my late guru, veteran violinist, Vidwan. Peri Srirama- murthy, for his guidance in preparing this document. Ananth Pattabiraman Editions First published in 2009, editions 2–2.2 in 2017, 2.3–2.5 in 2018, 2.6 in 2019. Latest edition available at https://beautifulnote.com/theory Copyright This work is copyrighted and is distributed under Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. You can make copies and share freely.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Carnivores of Karnataka: Distribution and Sight Records1
    Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 104 (2), May-Aug 2007 155-162 SMALL CARNIVORES OF KARNATAKA SMALL CARNIVORES OF KARNATAKA: DISTRIBUTION AND SIGHT RECORDS1 H.N. KUMARA2,3 AND MEWA SINGH2,4 1Accepted November 2006 2 Biopsychology Laboratory, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, Karnataka, India. 3Email: [email protected] 4Email: [email protected] During a study from November 2001 to July 2004 on ecology and status of wild mammals in Karnataka, we sighted 143 animals belonging to 11 species of small carnivores of about 17 species that are expected to occur in the state of Karnataka. The sighted species included Leopard Cat, Rustyspotted Cat, Jungle Cat, Small Indian Civet, Asian Palm Civet, Brown Palm Civet, Common Mongoose, Ruddy Mongoose, Stripe-necked Mongoose and unidentified species of Otters. Malabar Civet, Fishing Cat, Brown Mongoose, Nilgiri Marten, and Ratel were not sighted during this study. The Western Ghats alone account for thirteen species of small carnivores of which six are endemic. The sighting of Rustyspotted Cat is the first report from Karnataka. Habitat loss and hunting are the major threats for the small carnivore survival in nature. The Small Indian Civet is exploited for commercial purpose. Hunting technique varies from guns to specially devised traps, and hunting of all the small carnivore species is common in the State. Key words: Felidae, Viverridae, Herpestidae, Mustelidae, Karnataka, threats INTRODUCTION (Mukherjee 1989; Mudappa 2001; Rajamani et al. 2003; Mukherjee et al. 2004). Other than these studies, most of the Mammals of the families Felidae, Viverridae, information on these animals comes from anecdotes or sight Herpestidae, Mustelidae and Procyonidae are generally records, which no doubt, have significantly contributed in called small carnivores.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Use Change Increases Wildlife Parasite Diversity in Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, 2 India
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/645044; this version posted May 22, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Land Use Change Increases Wildlife Parasite Diversity in Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, 2 India 3 Debapriyo Chakraborty1,2, D. Mahender Reddy1, Sunil Tiwari1, Govindhaswamy 4 Umapathy1* 5 1 CSIR-Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, Centre for Cellular and 6 Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500048, India 7 2 Present address: EP57 P C Ghosh Road, Kolkata 700048, India 8 *[email protected] 9 10 ABSTRACT 11 Anthropogenic landscape change such as land use change and habitat fragmentation are 12 known to alter wildlife diversity. Since host and parasite diversities are strongly connected, 13 landscape changes are also likely to change wildlife parasite diversity with implication for 14 wildlife health. However, research linking anthropogenic landscape change and wildlife 15 parasite diversity is limited, especially comparing effects of land use change and habitat 16 fragmentation, which often cooccur but may affect parasite diversity substantially 17 differently. Here, we assessed how anthropogenic land use change (presence of plantation, 18 livestock foraging and human settlement) and habitat fragmentation may change the 19 gastrointestinal parasite diversity of wild mammalian host species (n=23) in Anamalai hills, 20 India. We found that presence of plantations, and potentially livestock, significantly 21 increased parasite diversity due possibly to spillover of parasites from livestock to wildlife. 22 However, effect of habitat fragmentation on parasite diversity was not significant.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of the Temple Plan in Karnataka with Respect to Contemporaneous Religious and Political Factors
    IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 22, Issue 7, Ver. 1 (July. 2017) PP 44-53 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org The Evolution of the Temple Plan in Karnataka with respect to Contemporaneous Religious and Political Factors Shilpa Sharma 1, Shireesh Deshpande 2 1(Associate Professor, IES College of Architecture, Mumbai University, India) 2(Professor Emeritus, RTMNU University, Nagpur, India) Abstract : This study explores the evolution of the plan of the Hindu temples in Karnatak, from a single-celled shrine in the 6th century to an elaborate walled complex in the 16th. In addition to the physical factors of the material and method of construction used, the changes in the temple architecture were closely linked to contemporary religious beliefs, rituals of worship and the patronage extended by the ruling dynasties. This paper examines the correspondence between these factors and the changes in the temple plan. Keywords: Hindu temples, Karnataka, evolution, temple plan, contemporary beliefs, religious, political I. INTRODUCTION 1. Background The purpose of the Hindu temple is shown by its form. (Kramrisch, 1996, p. vii) The architecture of any region is born out of various factors, both tangible and intangible. The tangible factors can be studied through the material used and the methods of construction used. The other factors which contribute to the temple architecture are the ways in which people perceive it and use it, to fulfil the contemporary prescribed rituals of worship. The religious purpose of temples has been discussed by several authors. Geva [1] explains that a temple is the place which represents the meeting of the divine and earthly realms.
    [Show full text]
  • Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, New Delhi, India 1
    Indira Gandhi National Centre For the Arts, New Delhi, India 1 ARCHITECTURE ARTICLES Alexander Mack, The Temple district of Vitthalapura, New light on Hampi- Recent reseaches at Vijayanagara, Eds. John M. Fritz and George Michell, Marg Publications, Bombay, 2001, pp. 24-39. This article deals with Vitthalapura, a suburb of Vijayanagara, which served as centre of pilgrimage, and also as a day to day business centre for local residents. The boundaries and features of Vitthalapura, the Alvar temples which are architecturally very significant are discussed. The residents and their structural remains are also noted. The busy bazaars and the agricultural activities extended around the Vitthala Temple. Anila Verghese, Mandapas in Vijayanagara Temples, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay, 7 ( New Series). * * * Anila Verghese and Dieter Eigner, A Monastic Complex in Vitthalapura, Hampi – Vijayanagara, Journal of South Asian Studies, Vol. 4, 1998, pp. 127-140. * * * Anila Verghese, Krishnadevaraya’s Monument of Victory, the Krishna Temple at Vijayanagara, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay, 71 (New Series), 197-207, 1996c. * * * Anila Verghese, The Tiruvengalanatha Temple in Krishnapura, Vijayanagara, Progress of Research 1988-91, Eds. D.V Devraj and Channabasappa, S. Patil, Directorate of Archaeology and Museums, Mysore, 1996 a, pp. 179-191. This article speaks about the Tiruvengalanatha temple situated near the Uaddana Virabhadra Temple at Krishnapurapete. This was built in 1545 A.D. Its architecture, sculpture and iconography are explained. The evolution of temple architecture and the religious situation prior to and after the destruction of the city of Vijayanagara are discussed here. Anila Verghese, The Virupaksa Temple of A.D.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Conservation Report Regarding Progress So Far Made with Regard to the Recommendations of the World Heritage Committee in Decision 37COMB.61
    Name of the Property: Group of Monuments at Hampi (India) (C 241) State of Conservation report regarding progress so far made with regard to the recommendations of the World Heritage Committee in Decision 37COMB.61. 1. Response from the State Party to the World Heritage Committee’s Decision, 37 COM 7B.61 , paragraph by paragraph A. Removal of debris of the collapsed bridge and the relocation of the vehicular bridge outside of the property; The Public Works Department of Government of Karnataka, has resumed the work of removing the remaining part of the collapsed bridge viz., debris, columns and carriageway, without disturbing the nearby cultural resources, by adopting state of the art technology and the work is almost complete. As regards the relocation of the vehicular bridge, cultural impact assessment study has been completed and location of the vehicular bridge as recommended in the impact assessment study has been identified. B. Completed Integrated Management Plan together with a synthesis and a prioritisation of existing recommendations and intentions, for review by the World Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies - The Integrated Management Plan (draft already submitted to the WHC in 2006) gives an overall framework for the Management & protection of Hampi World Heritage Site. It is reiterated that as per the draft IMP recommendations the following actions have been implemented since January 2006 by Government of Karnataka and Archaeological Survey of India. Sno IMP recommendation Agency 1 Preparing a official Base Map HWHAMA
    [Show full text]
  • Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage
    Sustaining Landscapes of Cultural Heritage: The Case of Hampi, India Final Report to The Global Heritage Fund Produced by Morgan Campbell 2012 Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage This report is the result of the Global Heritage Fund’s 2011 Preservation Fellowship Program. Research was undertaken by Morgan Campbell, a PhD student of Urban Planning and Public Policy at Rutgers University, during the summer of 2012. Global Heritage Fund Morgan Campbell 625 Emerson Street 200 [email protected] Palo Alto, CA 94301 www.globalheritagefund.org Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage ii Dedication I am incredibly grateful to numerous people for a variety of reasons. My time in Hampi during the summer of 2012 was one of the most significant experiences in my life. First, I dedicate this work to the Global Heritage Fund for providing me with the support to pursue questions of participatory planning in Hampi’s World Heritage Area. I thank James Hooper, whose earlier research in Hampi provided me with a good foundation and Dan Thompson who was incredibly understanding and supportive. Second, I’m deeply indebted to Shama Pawar of The Kishkindra Trust in Anegundi. Easily one of the most dynamic people I’ve ever met, without her assistance—which came in the form of conversations, tangible resources, and informal mentoring—I would have never been able to undergo this research project. It was because of Shama that I was able to experience and learn from Hampi’s living heritage. This report is about people, people who live in a heritage landscape. The residents of Hampi’s World Heritage Area are spread across time and space, so that when I say residents, I am referring to those living in the present and those who have lived in the past.
    [Show full text]