AN ALBUM OF | RAILWAY ENGINES!

Issued bg W. D. & H. O. WILLS

BRANCH OF THE IMPeRJAL. TOBACCO COMPANY tOF CRCAT BR4TAJN AND IFt£UU>

PRICE ONE PENNY -5

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "SILVER JUBILEE." London, Midland & Scottish Ely. The interest of this 4-6-0 three-cylinder express passenger engine, completed in May, 1935, centres in the beautiful finish. WILLS'S CIGARETTES The shiny black of the boiler, cab and tendersides is contrasted with the chromium plating adopted for wheels and motion work, steam pipe casings, etc. No. 5552 bears the name "Sil• ver Jubilee" in honour of His late Majesty King George V's Silver Jubilee. She was exhibited at Euston, together with the former L.N.W.R. 4-4-0 engine "Coronation" (built 1911), dur• ing Silver Jubilee Week, May, 1935. On Nov. 6th, 1935, she EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "SILVER JUBILEE." L.M.S.R. worked the honevxnoon special •A conveying the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester from St. Pancras to Kettering. (No. 1)

"PACIFIC" EXPRESS LOCO. " PRINCESS MARGARET ROSE." L.M.S.R. For hauling the most impor• tant Anglo-Scottish expresses W/ILLS-s CIGARETTES over the West Coast route, inclu• ding the "Royal Scot," "Mid• day Scot" and "Night Scot," the L.M.S.R. employs 4-6-2 locomotives of the "Princess Royal" class, each named after a member of the Royal Family, and weighing with tender, in working order, 158 tons 12 cwt. Like the G.W.R. "King" and "Castle" class engines, these engines have four cylinders and a boiler pressure of 250 lb. per sq. in. On such duties as the "Royal Scot" express, these -PACIFIC" EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "PRINCESS MARGARET ROSE," L.M.S.R. engines may work right through between Euston and (401^ miles), or Euston and (3991 miles). (No. 2)

THE "ROCKET" TU RB INE-D RIVEN LOCOMOTIVE, pIONEER of the modern , Stephenson's famous London, Midland & Scottish Rly. " Rocket " was built in 1829, and in October of the same year The familiar exhaust beat of the orthodox steam locomotive at Rainhill, near Liverpool, it rewarded the hopes of its builders is strangely absent when this engine is running, for the drive by moving a load of three times its own weight of 4J tons at an is by turbine and gearing instead of by cylinders and pistons. The average speed of 13*8 m.p.h., and running light at a maximum speed of smooth turning effort imparted to the driving wheels by a turbine 29 m.p.h. Compared with the performance of the modern giants illus• and the very gentle exhaust, thus trated in this Album, these figures seem insignificant, but at that time saving fuel, have long attracted locomotive engineers. Our illus• they were a remarkable revelation of the possibilities of steam traction. tration shows No. 6202, a 4-6-2, which was introduced in 1935, the first of the type to be built by a railway company in Great Brit• ain. The main turbine, used for forward running, develops 2,000 h.p. and is carried under the casingnear the front; a smaller turbine for backward rnnning is on the opposite side. (No. 3) STREAMLINED EXPRESS "CASTLE" CLASS EXPRESS LOCO. "SILVER LINK," LOCO. "WINDSOR CASTLE." London & North Eastern Rly, . Great Britain's first fully- During a visit to the G.W.R. 3^ streamlinedlocomotive, a4-6--2, Works at Swindon in 1924, His 9j was introduced by the L.N.E.r! late Majesty King George V per• s CIGARETTES in 1935 for working the stream• sonally drove this engine and its lined London-Newcastle express train from the Works to Swindon "The Silver Jubilee," so named Station; a brass plate commem• in honour of His late Majesty orating the event has since been King George V's Silver Jubilee. The distance of 268-3miles, with carried on the cab side. It was one stop at Darlington, is cov• singularly appropriate that the ered in 4 hours. On an experi• same engine should be used to mental run on September 27th, draw the Royal Funeral Train 1935, "Silver Link" twice bearing the body of the late King reached a maximum speed of from Paddington to Windsor 112^ m.p.h. To minimize wind on January 28th, 1936. The resistance, the engine and cab "Castle" class of four-cylinder fronts and the sides of the train ••CASTLE" CLASS EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE - WINDSOR CASTLE, y. have been specially shaped. 4-6-0 express engines is world S "Silver Link" is one of four renowned for speed, being used similar engines built for this on the famous "Cheltenham popular service. (No. 4J Flyer" express. (No. 7)

STREAMLINED EXPRESS PARTIALLY-STREAMLINED LOCO. "COCK O'THE LOCO. "MANORBIER CASTLE," NORTH." L.N.E.R. Great Western Railway. • ESEb The G.W.R. recently applied The first eight-coupled loco• y. casings of special contour to the motive built for express passen• 'ILLS'S CIGARETTES smoke-box front, over the cylin• WILLS'S CIGARETTES ger service in Great Britain, this ders and behind the chimney and three-cyUnder 2-8-2 engine was also the first ordinary-type safety valves, on "King Henry engine on a home railway to have VII" of the "King" class, and a streamlined contour. This class " Manorbier Castle " (4-6-0) of is employed on " The Flying the "Castle" class. At the same Scotsman" and other expresses time the cab fronts were fitted between Edinburgh and Aber• with'' V"-shaped casings and the deen. In 1934 No. 2001 was tender similarly cased in to tested on the French locomotive the line of the cab roof. This was testing plant at Vitry, near Paris. in order to test out the advan• Special features include the tages of partial streamlining in double blast-pipe and the two reducing wind resistances on chimneys set one behind the express locomotives, thus effect• STREAMLINED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE •COCK OTHE NORTH." L.N.E.R. other within the same casing, PARTIALLY STREAMLINED LOCOMOTIVE "MANORBIER CASTLE." G.W.R. r and poppet-valves. In working ing economies in coal consump• order "Cock o'the North" weighs tion. Our illustration shows the llOi tons, and the tender 55i altered appearance of "Manor• tons. (No. 5} bier Castle." (No. 8)

"PACIFiC" EXPRESS "KING" CLASS EXPRESS LOCO, " PAPYRUS." LOCO. "KING GEORGE V," Lottdon & North Eastern Rly. Great Western Railway. For its principal heavy ex• This four-cylinder 4-6-0 presses, the L.N.E.R. uses a WILLS-s CIGARETTES 4-6-2 or "Pacific" type three- engine belongs to the principal cylinder engine. The latest class of G.W.R. express locomo• w'eigh, with corridor tender, 158 tives, and is employed in such tons 13 cwt., and the majority services as the "Cornish Riviera bear names of racehorses. No. Limited" express. No. 6000 was 2750, "Papyrus," became worid- exhibited in America in 1927 farnous on March 5th, 1935, at the Baltimore & Ohio Rail• when, after having already run road Centenary celebrations. 392,853 miles since being built Her clean Hnes and the high in 1928, she attained a then l)ower developed for her size world record maximum speed considerably impressed Ameri• for steam of ICS m.p.h., and can engineers, and several covered 12-3 miles at an average designs incorporating the neat of 100-6 m.p.h. With her load of British outlines have since been 216| tons, "Papyrus" ran from built for American railwavs. CLASS EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE " KING GEORGE V.' G.W.R. s King's Cross to Newcastle and Before her return, the B. &'0. back (536-6 miles) in a total authorities presented No. 6000 running time of 7 hrs. 48 mms, with an American locomotive 2ZEP 55 sees., and for 300 miles aver• bell, which is carried on the front aged SO m.p.h. (No. 6) above the buffer beam. (No. 9) "LORD NELSON" CLASS EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. EXPRESS LOCO. "LORD Great Southern Rlys., Ireland. HAWKE." Southern Railway. Belonging to a class first intro• duced in 1916 on the former The Southern Railway routes from Loudon, over which the Great Southern & Western Rail• Dover and Folkestone Contin• way, now part of the Great ental boat trains, such as the Southern Railways' system. No. "" Pullman ex• 402, together with others of the press, are worked, are by no class, has been altered from a means easy for the locomotives. four- to a two-cylinder design; There are numerous grades and they now weigh 121^ tons with curves, while near London delays then: 48-ton tenders. These 5 ft. are often experienced from the dense suburban traffic. The 3 in.-gauge 4-6-0 engines are "Lord Nelson" four-cylinder employed on such services as the 4-6-0 express locomotives, English mail trains between named after famous seamen, are Dublin and Cork. No. 402 has used on these workings and also worked a three-coach special on the "Atlantic Coast" and over the 165-3 miles from Cork other expresses to and from to Dubhn non-stop in 2 hrs. 27 Waterloo, Western Section. In mins., and covered 106-9 miles working order they each weigh 83i tons, and their eight-wheeled of this distance at an average of tenders 56 tons 14 cwt. (No. 10) 73-7 m.p.h. (No. 13)

DRUMM BATTERY TRAIN. "SCHOOLS" CLASS Great Southern Rlys., Ireland. LOCO. " LEATHERHEAD, " SoutJtern Railway. A great deal of interest was aroused in railway circles when For working moderately- it became known that an electric WILLS'S CIGARETTES heavy trains on which the larger battery had been invented which six-coupled express engines are notrequired, ortheuseofwhichis could be re-charged much more deemed unsuitable by weight or quickly than the usual type. The other restrictions, the Southern Great Southern Railways of Ire• Railway has a class of three- land installed these batteries cylinder, four-coupled (constructed under patentsof the engines, named after public inventor, Dr. J. J. Drumm) in schools. The most powerful two two-car units, each equipped 4-^-0 type engines in Europe, with electric motors on the they are employed on express middle bogie and working on services on the London-Hastings the same principle as an electric and London-Portsmouth routes, train, but without requiring side and elsewhere. They haul loads rail or current of ten and eleven coaches, weigh• ing, with passengers, little short transmission along the track. of 400 tons in all, at high speeds These trains work between over hilly roads, and have shown Dublin (Amiens Street) and themselves capable of fast work. Bray, one set performing a total •ST' (No. 11) of 1,000 miles a week. (No. 14)

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "KESTREL," "REMEMBRANCE," Great Northern Railway, Ireland. Southern Railway. This 4-4-0 engine is one of a Between 1914 and 1922 the class of five three-cylinder com• London, Brighton & South Coast WILLS-s CIGARETTES pound express locomotives WILLSS CIGARETTES Railway built and placed in ser• placed in service on the 5 ft. vice seven express passenger 3 in.-gauge lines of the Great tank locomotives, having six Northern Railway in 1932, and coupled wheels and a four- representing a considerable wheeled bogie at each end. When advance in power compared with built, these 98^-ton engines were earlier engines on this Hne. The the heaviest tank locomotives class is employed on the express in Great Britain, and were used services between Dublin and for their line's fastest and Belfast, and at one time was heaviest expresses. The last of booked between Dublin and the class to be built was named Dundalk at an average of 60 "Remembrance" in memory of m.p.h. These engines have put employees of the L.B. & S.C.R. up some excellent performances who fell in the Great War. Fol• with 300-ton trains on this EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE -REMEMBRANCE,- SOUTHERN RAILWAY lowing the extension of electri• EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE •KESTHEL.- GREAT NORTHERN RLY.. IRELAND 112i-mile undulating route. The fication, these engines have been original black Uvery has recently converted into 4-6-0's and sup• given place to the more hand• plied with tenders to make them EST some colouring shown here. suitable for work over longer (No. 15) distances. (No. 12) EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE SUBURBAN TANK LOCO.. "DUKE OF ABERCORN." Eastern Railway, France. N.C.C. (L.M.S.R.), Ireland. A unique feature of Paris The nucleus of the Northern suburban train working is the Counties Committee system was employment on some sections of the former Belfast & Northern Wl LLS'S CIGARETTES powerful steam tank locomo• CIGARETTES Counties Railway, which was tives, which alternately puU and, bought by the Midland Railway, for the return journey, push their England, in 1903. The system trains of heavy all-steel coaches, thus passed eventually into weighing over 400 tons. By this L.M.S.R. ownership, on the absorption of the Midland Rail• method the trains can be re• way into that group. Thus the versed at the termini with the characteristics of L.M.S.R. loco• minimum of delay. When the motive design are to be found on engine is pushing, the driver the N.C.C. Our subject, a 2-6-0, works the controls through is one of a class recently built at special gear from a compart• the L.M.S.R. works at for ment at what is then the front express passenger service on the of the train. The design illus• 5 ft. 3 in.-gauge N.C.C. lines. trated is a three-cylinder 2-8-2 EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE - DUKE OF ABERCORN." N.C.C. (L.M.S.R.). IRELAND SUBURBAN TANK LOCOMOTIVE. EASTERN RAiLWAY. FRANCE The trains worked include the type weighing about 1051 tons, "North Atlantic Express" and and used by both the Eastern S the "Portrush Flyer,'' between and the French State Railways Portrush and Belfast (65i miles). {No. 16) in the Paris area. (No. 19) 5Sr

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, Madrid, Zaragoza & Alicante Paris-Orleans-Midi Railways, Railway, Spain. France. The main lines in Spain, as in s A good illustration of the high Portugal, are laid to a gauge of CIGARETTES efficiency of modern steam 5 ft. 5| in. The gradients as a WILLS'S -CIGARETTE engines is given by this 4-8-0 rule are heavy, so that although French engine, originally built trains are comparatively light, in 1907 as a 4-6-2 type. In 1931 large and powerful engines must it was considerably modified by be used for the principal ex• the addition of a fourth pair of presses. In recent years such engines have been constructed coupled wheels, a smaller fire• in Spain, though many of the grate, new cylinders and special older and smaller types still in valves, a double blast-pipe and service are British-built. This chimney to suit, an increased twO'Cylinder 4-8-2 or "Moun• boiler pressure and higher steam tain" type is the principal temperature, shaking grate, etc. express engine of the Madrid, These alterations have produced Zaragoza and Alicante Railway, EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, PARIS-ORLEANS-MIDI RAILWAYS. FRANCE a machine capable of hauling and weighs, complete with ten• EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. MADRID. ZARAGOZA St ALICANTE RLY., SPAIN der, in working order, about 160 loads of 700-800 tons over the tons. This type is used on such hilly Vierzon-Toulouse line at a lines as the Madrid, Barcelona, high average speed, and with a and Valencia sections. (No. 20) striking economy in fuel. (No. 17)

HEAVY FREIGHT LOCO., STREAMLINED EXPRESS P.L.M. Railway, France. LOCOMOTIVE. For handling the heaviest Belgian National Railways. freight traffic between Paris and These 4-6-2 express passenger the south by the heavily-graded locomotives weigh, with their Bourbonnais route, the Paris, 82i-ton tenders, a total of 204^ Lyons and Mediterranean Rail• tons and, with theirclouble chim• way has introduced this new neys and the streamlining of the design of four-cylinder com• front and boiler top, very much pound goods engine. An inter• resemble in appearance the esting and novel feature of this "Cock o'the North" type of the 2-10-2 locomotive is that the L.N.E.R. Fitted with four cyl• couphng rods between the second inders, working non-compound, and third coupled axles are their equipment includes a feed- arranged inside the framing on water pump and heater to raise crank axles, as insufficient room the temperature of the water is available outside on account before it enters the boiler; part of the position of the high- of this apparatus is visible along• pressure cylinders. Attached to side the boiler, above the fram• HEAVY FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. its tender (not shown here) and ing. All the engine non-coupled in working order, the locomo• wheels and the tender wheels tive complete weighs just under have roller-bearing axle-boxes. 182 tons. Two of these engines This class is employed on heavy i 2ZtP have mechanical stokers. express duties of the Belgian (No. 18) National Railways. (No. 21) HEAVY FREIGHT TANK ELECTRIC PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE, & FREIGHT LOCO., Netherlands Railways. Swiss Federal Railways. This 7,500 h.p. single-phase d2za These 4 ft. 81 in.-gauge 4-8-4 employed on tank engines, each weighing 124^ the St. Gotthard line of the Swiss tons in working order, are among WILLS-a CIGARETTES the heaviest tank locomotives at Federal Railways, is the most work in Europe. The cylinders, powerful electric locomotive in boilers, and certain other parts Europe. .'Although running as one are identical with corresponding unit in service, it really consists parts on the 4-6-0 four-cylinder of two identical halves, each hav• - I, -Tinr express passenger engines used ing its own driving compart• on the Netherlands Railwaj-'s, ment. One of these double loco• The vertical plates near the front motives is sufficient for the are used to produce an upward heaviest express passenger current of air which will carry trains, in place of two of the the exhaust steam and smoke previous type employed. It can higher over the boiler, and so haul a 600-ton passenger trahi clear of the cab windows. To give sufficient braking power, at 38 m.p.h. up a 1 in 37 gra• ELECTRIC PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. SWISS FEDERAL RLYS. these engines have compressed- dient, and a 750-ton goods train air brakes working on the bogie at 30 m.p.h., the maximum as well as the coupled wheels. speed of the locomotive being (No. 22) fixed at 62 m.p.h. (No. 25)

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, German State Railways. Austrian Federal Railways. This 4-6-2 locomotive is simi• In 1929 the Austrian Federal lar to the principal express type Railways in troduced two experi• mental eight-coupled engines, WILLS'S CIGARETTES used for hauling the most s important heavy long-distance having the 2-8-4 wheel arrange• express "D" and "FD" trains ment, for express passenger in Germany. Alloy steels have traflic. Otherwise gcnerahy simi• lar, one engine had three cylin• been used in the construction of ders, the other two. Further the boilers for this and a sister engines of the two-cylinder type engine, which work at a steam have since been added, and they pressure of 355 lb. per sq. in., as are used on the principal inter• against 227 lb. per sq. in. in national expresses over the numerous other engines which heavily-graded 196 miles be• are otherwise generally similar. tween Vienna and Salzburg. For These new engines have four an express engine design, these cyhnders working on the com• locomotives share a common pound principle, and an inter• characteristic with other Central EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. GERMAN STATE RAILWAYS s esting feature incorporated in European engines in having two the design is the provision of small wheels leading, which are connected in the form of a truck electric light at various points with the front pair of coupled to facilitate night overhauling. wheels. (No. 26) (No. 23)

HEAVY FRETGHT LOCO., 2 FT. 6 m. GAUGE German State Railways. LOCOMOTIVE, These large 2-10-0 freight Lithuanian State Railways. locomotives, weighing, with Despite the total weight (with their tenders, about 186^ tons in LLS'S CIGARETTES working order, are the heaviest tender) of 63 tons and an overall at present employed on the Ger• length of 51 ft., this 0-10-0 loco• man State Railways. A pressure motive runs on a gauge measur• of 335 lb. per sq. in. is used, and ing only 2 ft. 6 in. It has been de• there are four cylinders, working signed to haul loads of 300 tons on the compound principle. up 1 in 62 grades, with curves, These engines work in heavily- at 12i m.p.h., or 200 tons at graded districts. They are 25 m.p.h. on straight 1 in 200 capable of a maximum speed of grades. The fire-box is designed 50 m.p.h. and represent an to burn mixed fuel of wood and increase in power of from 10 to coal. The Lithuanian State Rail• 15 per cent, over the standard ways own about 300 miles of goods locomotives of the Ger• 2 ft. 6 in.- and 2 ft.-gauge lines, 2 FT. 6 IN. GAUGE LOCOMOTIVE. LITHUANI/ man State Railways. A complete in addition to the 4 ft. 8J in.- s electric lighting system is used gauge railways which replaced to assist the enginemen to oil the 5 ft.-gauge lines laid down and inspect the various working under the previous Russian parts during darkness. (No. 24) ownership. (No. 27) EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE HEAVY FREIGHT LOCO., "MOHAMED ALI EL KEBIR." U.S.S.R. Railways. Locomotives of the same Egyptian State Railways. power and of a similar weight, For some years past the Egyp• but designed with fewer axles tian State Railways' 4 ft. 8| in.- than this 4-14-4 locomotive, are gauge e.xpress services have been WILLS-s CIGARETTES CIGARETTES N in use in the U.S.A. But those scheduled at running speeds of responsible for this enormous 48 m.p.h., and the principal engine found that to get the trains, weighing 400 to 500 tons, power required and the necessary have been worked by "Atlantic" flexibility, and without strength• type 4-4-2 engines. Recent ening the existing road, the acceleration to a running speed weight of the engine would have of 56 m.p.h. for these trains has to be distributed over no fewer called for improved accelerative than eleven axles. This engine, which was built for heavy coal power from the locomotives. To trafhc in the Donetz Basin, runs meet this demand some of the on the 5 ft. gauge, is just under "Atlantics" have been rebuilt 110 ft. 9 in. long with tender with six coupled wheels as the EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE " MOHAMED ALI EL KEBIB." EGYPTIAN STATE RLYS. HEAVY FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. U.S.S.R. RAILWAYS and, in working order, weighs 4-6-0 type illustrated, and the S (with tender), 327^ tons. It is boiler steam pressure raised. required to move 2,500-ton loads These engines are named after over heavy grades. (No. 28) Egyptian Royalty. (No. 31)

FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, ARTICULATED LOCO. Turkish State Railways. •'EMIR OF KATSINA." In the design of these 2-10-2 Nigerian Government Railway. locomotives, a large number of These Beyer-Garratt 4-6-2 + standardized components com• 2-6-4 articulated locomotives, mon to certain locomotives of the WILLS'S CIGARETTES German State Railways have which bear the names of Nigerian been embodied by their German chiefs, have then: weight of 11IJ- builders, in order to reduce the tons spread over twelve axles variety in stocks of necessary because of the very light rails and spare parts, and make those parts bridges on certain sections over interchangeable with existing which they have to run. They Turkish locomotives. In working are handled entirely by African order, these engines weigh 148 natives, and during the six tons (with tender), and are built months heavy export season are to the standard 4 ft. 8i in. gauge used on the Jebba-I\linna sec• for service both on the Haidar tion. For the rest of the year Pasha-Ankara line and on sec• they are employed on through ondary lines. Although the weight on any one pair of wheels runs with passenger trains be• does not exceed 13 tons 6 cwt., tween the port of Lagos and ARTICULATED LOCOMOTIVE •'EMIR OF KATSINA." NIGERIAN GOVT. RLY. these locomotives are capable of Kano, a distance of 700 miles. hauling loads of 470 to 490 tons Each engine was shipped in three up gradients of 1 in 67 at 12^ parts from the builders in Eng• m.p.h. (No. 29) land. (No. 32)

PASSENGER 8c FREIGHT ARTICULATED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. LOCOMOTIVE, Kenya & Uganda Railways. t£!ZE Algerian Railways. These Darlington-built 2-8-2 One hardly expects to find the engines weigh 90J tons, have WILLS'S CIGARETTES latest types of steam locomotives 6.5i-ton tenders and 4 ft. 6 in. in Northern Africa, but the 3971- coupled wheels; they are among ton 4-6-2-I-2-6-4 engine illus• the biggest ordinary-type metre- trated is a modern articulated gauge passenger engines in the Beyer-Garratt designed for haul• ing fast trains of all-steel pas• world. Their duties include haul- senger coaches, and is one of ing the mail trains running several at work on the Algiers- between Nairobi (5,400 ft. above Oran and Algiers-Constantine sea level) and the coast, a dis• lines. Sections of these lines are tance of 330 miles. With a break very hilly, and there are many of about 5 hours before the curves, while on other portions return, the round trip of 660 the grades are easy and speeds miles occupies 42 hours with trains weighing 400 to 500 tons. up to 75 m.p.h. may be worked. PASSENGER a FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, KENYA St UGANDA RAILWAYS ARTICULATED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. ALGERIAN RAILWAYS The size of this four-cyhnder, On the mail service a relief crew y. 4 ft. 8^ in.-gauge locomotive is is carried on the train, the emphasized by this view, show• change-over being made after ing the cylindrically-shaped each ten hours, which consti• revolving coal bunker. (No. 30) tutes a working day. (No. 33) EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. South African Government Rlys. Bengal'Nagpur Railway, India. Although generally conform• These new "16 E" class 4-6-2 ing in detail to the Indian State "Pacific" type locomotives are Railways' largest standard claimed to be the largest of their express locomotives of the same WILLS-s CIGARETTES at work on gauge and wheel arrangement, the 3 ft. 6 in. gauge. They have these big 5 ft. 6in.-gauge Bengal- coupled wheels 6 ft. in diameter, Nagpur Railway locomotives are and the centre hne of the very designed on the De Glehn com• large boiler is 9 ft. 3 in. above the pound system. They are 4-6-2's rail level. In working order, with employed on the heaviest pas• their 67|-ton tenders, complete senger traffic, including the Cal• with 12 tons of coal and 6,000 cutta-Bombay Mails, which they gallons of water, these locomo• work over the section between tives weigh 166^ tons. They are Howrah station, Calcutta, and built for working express trains, Nagpur. Steam is first used in a including the "Union Lhnited," pair of high-pressure cylinders over the 617-mile Beaufort West, outside the frames, then passes EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. SOUTH AFRICAN GOVhRNMENT RAILWAYS Kimberley and Johannesburg to the large low-pressure cylin• section. The "Union Limited" ders arranged between the covers the journey of 900 miles frames. In working order, one of between Cape Town and Johan• these engines weighs 105 tons, nesburg in 28 hours. (No. 34) and the tender (loaded), 65* tons. (No. 37)

ARTICULATED HEAVY DIESEL-ELECTRIC PAS• FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. SENGER LOCOMOTIVE, South African Government Rlys. Royal Siamese State Railways. A product of , this The Iieavy-oU engine is being Beyer-Garratt 4-8-2+2-8-4 increasingly used in rail service, CIGARETTES type weighs 214 tons complete, and in addition to many railcars is about 90 ft. in length and the and high-speed light-weight largest 3 ft. 6 in.-gauge engine in Diesel trains, there are to-day the world. The principal duties Diesel locomotives of consider• are the hauling of heavy freight able size and powder at work. The trains, weighing up to 1,200 tons, example illustrated is employed over a 38-mile grade of 1 in 66 in on main-line service in Siam. It Natal, and their use has enabled weighs 87 tons and replaces a train loads to be doubled. The steam locomotive and tender of great power of these locomotives, about the same total weight. The which really consist of two service worked is the Siamese engines articulated together, is section of the Bangkok-Singa• due to the fact that the separate pore International express, eight-wheel-coupled units at hitherto requiring four loco• each end have their own sets of motives for the various sections, DIESEL-ELECTRIC PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE. ROYAL SIAMESE STATE RLYS. cylinders and motion, power but now worked right through IN being supplied by the very large between Bangkok and the border boiler arranged between the two at Padang Besar by the one oil- engine units. (No. 35) engined locomotive. (No. 38)

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, MIXED-TRAFFIC LOCO., North Western Railway, India. Canton-Hankow Rly., China. This -built 5 ft. Though it may be thought that 6 in.-gauge 4-6-2 locomotive is the locomotives used on the rail• one of four four-cylinder non- ways of far-off China are not compoimd express locomotives. representative of the most up- Compared with the very similar to-date types, such is far from two-cylinder engines which form being the case. The product of a the standard for the fastest and British firm, and designed for heaviest express passenger the 4 ft. 8^ in. gauge, this duties, such as the Lahore- thoroughly modern 4-8-4 engine Karachi Mail on the North alone weighs just under 116 tons Western and on other Indian in working order. The tender, State-owned lines, these engines weighing 77 tons complete, car• represent an advance in power, ries 111 tons of coal and 6,600 and they vary somewhat in gallons of water. These engines, which are handled entirely by detail design, particularly in the Chinese, have been built for use of poppet-valves. In work• working between Canton and ing order, engine and tender Hankow, a distance of approxi• weigh 172i tons. The coal-burn• mately 670 miles, and some have ing engines of this and similar been loaned for service on the types in India are handled by a Nanking-Shanghai Railway. crew of three. (No. 36) (No. 39) ' EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. Imperial Govt. Rlys. of Japan. Canadian Natiofial Railways. Among the highest scheduled Although not the largest speeds in the world on the 3 ft. pxpress engines on the Canadian 6 in. gauge are those of the National Railways, this type s Tokio-Kobe expresses of the does a great deal of useful work CIGARETTES WILLS-s CIGARETTES y Japanese Imperial Government on both main line long-distance Railways. The best trains in• passenger and on freight traffic, clude dining and observation particularly on the more easily- cars by day, and sleeping cars graded sections of the system. by night. R'uns of 115 miles are These 4-6-4 engines have done covered non-stop at an average excellent work with the "Inter• speed as high as 46 m.p.h. This national Limited" express. This Japanese-built 4-6-2 engine is train runs between Montreal, one of the latest "C53" class three-cylinder non-compound Canada, and Chicago, U.S.A., "Pacifies," with 5 ft. 9 in.- and except for the short elec• diameter coupled wheels, and trically-hauled section under the weighs (with tender) 128 tons. river between Sarnia and Huron, Some of the Japanese expresses is steam-hauled throughout. EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. I LWAYS OF JAPAN bear picturesque names, the These engines are mechanically EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS English translations being "The fired and, with their tenders, s Cherry Flowers," "The Swallow in working order, weigh about Limited," etc. (No. 40) 330 tons. (No. 43)

HEAVY PASSENGER 8: HEAVY PASSENGER LOCO. FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, "SIR GEORGE MURRAY." Canadian Pacific Railway. South Australian Govt. Rlys. This powerful oil-burning cczn An interesting feature of these 2-10-4 two-cylinder locomotive large Enghsh-built, mechanic• s WlLLS-s CIGARETTES is one of a series used for hauling ally-fired 4-8-4 locomotives is WILLS-s CIGARETTES that although constructed for the Canadian Pacific's heavy 5 ft. 3 in.-gauge service, they passenger and freight trains over have been so designed to allow the mountain sections in West• of conversion to 4 ft. 8J in. ern Canada. With tender com• gauge should this be required. plete, in working order, this class When new they had only two weighs 336 tons, and as many as small wheels under the cab end, four of these engines may be but this has been altered to a used at intervals on a 3,500- four-wheeled truck to which a ton freight train along the 20 or small auxiliary engine miles of 1 in 40 grades up to has been applied to give greater Glacier Summit. A slightly power for starting and at low heavier version of this class, con - HEAVY PASSENGER LOCO. -SIR GEO, MURRAY." S. AUSTRALIAN GOVT. RLYS. speeds. These engines as altered sisting so far of one locomotive HEAVY PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. CANADIAN PACIFIC RLY. weigh 232 tons, including an 84- only. No. 8000 is a three-cylin• y ton tender. Their duties include der compound and uses steam the hauling of the Adelaide- at 850 lb. pressure. (No. 44) Melbourne expresses. (No. 41)

ARTICULATED HEAVY FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, New Zealand Government Rlys. Northern Pacific Rly., U.S.A. Since 1932, provision has been Claimed to be the largest made for the construction of a locomotive in the world, this total of thirty of these 3 ft. 6 in.- remarkable 2-8-8-4 125-ft. WILLS'S CIGARETTES y gauge 4-8-4 engines at the New engine, having sixteen coupled Zealand Government Railways' wheels, weighs (with its 179-ton workshops. One such engine tender) a total of 498i tons. It weighs, complete with 51-ton has a pair of cylinders on the tender, a total of just under 138 leading end of each of the two tons, .and develops about 85 per flexible engine units upon which cent, more power than the pre• the boiler, smoke-box and cab vious standard"' Paci fie'' passen - section rest, in accordance with ger engine. Wherever two the Mallet principle of articu• engines together were previous! v lated construction. This huge required, one of these new "K" engine was designed to haul class locomotives handles the freight trainsof4,000 tons weight traffic unaided. They have over the heavy 216-raiIe section proved themselves very econoni - between Mandan, North Dakota ARTICULATED ical and, with their 4 ft. 6 in. y REIGMT LOCO,. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY. U.S.A.' and Glendive, Montana. The coupled wheels, well suited to the heavily-graded sections of m'-.chanical stoker can feed 20 the North Island main trunk tons of coal au hour. (No. -15) route. (.\'o. 42) EXPRESS PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE. Northern Pacific Rly., U.S.A. BSD For working heavy through passenger and special trains over WILLS-S CIGARETTES the 906 miles between James• town, N.D., and Missoula, Mont. —one of the longest runs in the world on which the same steam locomotive is used throughout, and including some heavy moun• ARTICULATED EXPRESS tain grades—the Northern LOCOMOTIVE, Pacific Railroad uses these 180- San Paulo (Brazilian) Railway. ton 4~8~4 engines, which have Employed on the principal 3SS 173-ton tenders. Firing is by expresses between San Paulo means of a mechanical stoker and Jundiahy, these 185-ton WILLS'S CIGARETTES capable of feeding approxi• Beyer-Garratt 4-6-2-t-2-6-4 mately Hi tons of coal an hour engines were the first of their on to the US-sq. ft. grate. The type to be employed for express EXPRESS PASSENGER LOCO.. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY. U.S.A. main framing of these engines, passenger work. They have together with the two cyhnders coupled wheels 5 ft. 6 in. in and certain other details, con• diameter, and a separate pair of sists of a single casting weighing cylinders driving on to each of i just over 35 tons. (No. 46) •zap the two swiveUing engine units, between which the boiler is car• ried. The 40-mile journey, in• cluding 1 in 40 grades and sharp STREAMLINED LOCOMOTIVE curves, is completed in a booked "COMMODORE VANDERBILT," time of 60 mins., with trains of N.Y.C. Railroad, U.S.A. steel coaches weighing up to 500 ARTICULATED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. SAN PAULO (BRAZILIAN) RAILWAY tons. These large engines, run• s One of the well-known "Hud• ning on the 5 ft. 3 in. gauge, WILLS'S CIGARETTES son" type 4-6-4 express loco• work with equal facility in either motives of the New York Central direction without being tiirned. Lines has been covered with a (No. 49) streamline cowling., At speeds of 70 to 90 m.p.h. it is calculated that the streamlining decreases the air resistance by about 30 per cent. In addition, enclosing the cylinders and pipes gives protection from heat losses, an important consideration in the HEAVY FREIGHT LOCO.. severe weather experienced in Buenos Ayres & Pacific North America. Roller bearings Railway, Argentina, are used extensively in this These powerful 2-8-2 eight- engine, which is employed on coupled, heavy-duty "Mikado" STREAMLINED LOCO. " COMMODORE VANDERBILT. " N.Y.C. RAILROAD, U.S.A. the crack "Twentieth Century locomotives have the distinctioa y r Limited," an express operating Of being the biggest ordinary- WILLS-S CIGARETTES on a 16^-hour schedule between type engines in South America. New York and Chicago (960 In working order they weigh, miles). (No. 47) with their 86i-ton tenders carry• ing 7,700 gallons of water and 15 tons of fuel, a total of 205 tons. They run on the 5 ft. 6 in. gauge, hauUng freight trains of 1,600 DIESEL-ELECTRIC TRAIN tons over the heavily-graded sec• "BURLINGTON ZEPHYR." tion of the B.A.P. main line C.B. &Q. Railroad. U.S.A. between La Paz and Justo In order to recapture long• Daract, a stretch of 167 miles. distance traffic from road and air To assist the fireman in keeping S'^ CIGARETTES transport, and to effect more the fire-grate adequately fed economical operation, the rail• with fuel, a pusher device is used HEAVY FREIGHT LOCO., BUENOS AYRES & PACIFIC RLY., ARGENTINA ways of the U.S.A. are acquiring on the tender, which moves the streamlined Diesel trains. coal forward to the shovel-plate Examples are the stainless steel opening on the foot-plate. "Zephyrs" on the Chicago, Bur• (No. 50) lington and Quincy Railroad, two of which work a double trip per day each between Chicago and St. Paul, a round distance of 862 miles. Other Diesel trains are at work in the U.S.A., Germany, Italy, France, DIESEL-ELECTRIC TRAIN "BURLINGTON ZEPHYR.' C.B. & Q, RAILROAD. U.S.A. Denmark, Belgium and Holland. A top speed of 120 m.p.h. is credited to a Diesel train, and in Germany they regularly rua at 100-104 m.p.h. (No. 48)