DOCSLIB.ORG

Lesij No. Xxvii, Vol. 2/2020 the Regime for the Execution Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lesij No. Xxvii, Vol. 2/2020 the Regime for the Execution Of THE REGIME FOR THE EXECUTION OF PENALTIES BY POLITICAL PRISONERS IN ROMANIA DURING THE COMMUNIST PERIOD Constantin Marc NEAGU∗ Abstract This article analyzes the regime for the execution of penalties by political prisoners in Romania during the communist period (1947-1989). With the benefit of hindsight, one could state that the communist political regime has left its mark, among other things, on the conditions of imprisonment of those convicted of political crimes. Among the most frequent crimes for which the political detainees were convicted we can mention: activity against the working class, the crime of breaching the constitutional order or the crime of conspiracy against the social order. Keywords: penalties; execution regime; political prisoners; communist political regime; political crimes, penitentiary, political detainees. The greatest philosophers of the world socialist movement, experienced in the have envisaged justice as a transposition of USSR, there were two means of the moral principles of justice and equity. manipulation that used lies and violence, ‘When justice disappears,’ wrote Kant, with their multiple forms of manifestation. ‘there is no value for people to live on earth.’ There is an obvious change of perspective In the history of state organization, between Marxist communism and Bolshevik legal systems have reflected the political communism, although both declare the same regimes that have existed and that have ends and have overlaps in most respects. The drawn up the legal norms applicable in the difference is that Marx saw the birth of the respective community, in tune with the proletarian revolution as a natural process development of legal sciences. From this resulting from the crises caused by perspective, the future of legal sciences technological developments, so that the should take into account the past of legal involvement of the political factor was sciences, considering its effects through the somewhat secondary, whereas in the fair or unfair application of justice, including Leninist vision the political revolution is the the totalitarian periods, in which states trigger. Communism in the USSR was having a dictatorial political regime established under the auspices of Lenin and understood to divert the law from its evolved under the relentless leadership of supreme purpose, namely equity and Stalin, who developed repression applied as morality. state policy in the countries that became ‘In the implementation that communist Soviet satellites, after the Second World ideology, rooted in the anarchist and War.’1 ∗ Assistant Lecturer, PhD, Faculty of Law, “Nicolae Titulescu” University (e-mail: [email protected]). 1 https://www.historia.ro/sectiune/general/articol/ Temniţele şi închisorile comuniste din România - câteva referinţe despre numărul lor, activitatea, volumul de încarcerare, capacitatea şi dispunerea lor geografică (Communist Jails and Prisons – some details about their number, activity, number of detainees, imprisonment capacity and their geographical position), article by Stelian Gombos LESIJ NO. XXVII, VOL. 2/2020 Constantin Marc NEAGU 153 In Romania, once the communist Romanian political life, bourgeois, big regime was established as the result of the industrialists and landowners. fraudulent 1946 elections, the new political Between 1947 and 1989, the regime aimed at eliminating the Romanian penitentiaries and labor colonies of Romania political opposition and elite, by abusively represented the places where tens of applying the norms of criminal law. The thousands of people were detained and their regime change in Romania was done only fault was the fact that they did not agree according to the Soviet model and by Soviet with the new political and social order cadres. The Securitate (the Romanian secret imposed by the Romanian Communist Party. police in the communist era), the strong arm These people entered a penitentiary system of the communist party, was doubled by the that considered them even more dangerous Miliție (the name of the police in the than ordinary criminals (due to the stigma of communist era), another repressive being a political prisoner) and they had to institution that, at the level of communes and abide by all harsh rules. At least one criminal villages, took over the prerogatives of the record was drawn up for each political Securitate. In the early years, the Securitate detainee. The penitentiary files / criminal personnel were mostly made up of people registration files with specific details were from the periphery of social life, aided by kept in the archives of the General Soviet advisers. The native cadres who were Directorate of Penitentiaries (today the to apply Soviet policy were trained in National Administration of Penitentiaries) Moscow, where they studied various fields and centralized at the Jilava penitentiary. which they were about to pursue on their A penitentiary file had a standard form, return to Romania. If in between the 1945 which varied depending on the period in and 1960 torture and beatings were the main which this document was drawn up for the tools of the Securitate, later their methods detainees. In fact it was a cardboard sheet, were to be refined, as surveillance and with headings both on the front and on the denunciation became the prevailing back. In addition to the identification data of repressive tools, nonetheless yielding the each person (name, surname, date of birth, same results. place of birth, parents and domicile), as well The Institute for the Investigation of as the administrative ones related to the Communist Crimes and the Memory of conviction (deed and brief description of it Romanian Exile (IICCMER) set up on with the related article, arrest warrant, court November 25, 2009, by merging the Institute decision, duration and type of punishment), for the Investigation of the Crimes of there were also details related to the situation Communism in Romania (IJCCR), of the respective political prisoner established in 2005, with the National (occupation, wealth, social origin and Institute for the Memory of the Romanian political affiliation). The most important Exile (INMER) , founded in 2004, published feature of these files is the division of not only the files of the political detainees, detainee data between the period before and but also information on the penitentiary the period after the installation of the system organized for the political opponents ‘people’s democracy’ regime. who were part of privileged categories, The most frequent texts of law, based namely: ministers, leaders of political parties on which these persons were convicted, are (especially the Liberal Party and the art. 193/I, art. 207 and art. 209 of the National Peasant Party), clerics, Romanian Criminal Code in force at that intellectuals, prominent members of the time. Art. 193/I – activity against the LESIJ NO. XXVII, VOL. 2/2020 154 Lex ET Scientia International Journal working class – was a secret article, initiating, organizing, activating or comprised in decree no. 62/1955 and participating in fascist, political, military or unpublished, which had a very wide scope paramilitary organizations; or, without being and thus any kind of accusation could be members of such organizations, making included here; art. 193 belonged to Part I propaganda or taking action in favor of those (‘High Treason’) of Chapter I (‘Crimes and organizations, their members or the aims Offenses against the External Security of the pursued by them.’ This was the most State’). Another frequently used text of law common classification applied to those was art. 207 – the crime of overthrowing the convicted of political crimes and was constitutional order – and had the following punishable by forced labor from 15 to 25 content: ‘The person who performs violent years and civic degradation from 2 to 10 acts in order to change the constitutional years. form of the People’s Republic of Romania, The files of 35 personalities known to as well as the one who instigates the the general public, who went through inhabitants to rise up against the communist detention, were also published constitutional powers of the Republic, by the Institute for the Investigation of the commits the crime of violating the Crimes of Communism and the Memory of constitutional order and is punished with the Romanian Exile. These are mainly severe detention from 5 to 10 years and civic politicians belonging to the interwar period, degradation from 3 to 5 years.’ Also, for the but also post-communists, intellectuals, anti- conviction of the citizens who fell into the communist fighters and well-known categories that had to be eliminated, art. 209 dissidents, prelates of various of the Romanian Criminal Code was applied denominations and even former communists – crime of conspiracy against the social who fell into disfavor with the regime. In order, which stated as crimes the following: alphabetical order, these people are the ‘preaching orally the change of the following: Arşavir Acterian, Vasile Aftenie, democratic form of government of the State; Aurel Aldea, Valeriu (Bartolomeu) Anania, making propaganda for the violent Maria Antonescu, Constantin Argetoianu, overthrow of the existing social order of the Petre Amăuţoiu, Toma Amăuţoiu, Gheorghe State; forming or organizing secret Arsenescu, Nicolae Balotă, Petre Mihai associations with the purpose described in Băcanu, Ioan Bălan, Ecaterina Bălăcioiu, the previous paragraph, whether or not they Oliviu Beldeanu, Aurelian Bentoiu, Mişu have
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Trials of the War Criminals
    TRIALS OF THE WAR CRIMINALS General Considerations The Fascist regime that ruled Romania between September 14, 1940, and August 23, 1944, was brought to justice in Bucharest in May 1946, and after a short trial, its principal leaders—Ion and Mihai Antonescu and two of their closest assistants—were executed, while others were sentenced to life imprisonment or long terms of detention. At that time, the trial’s verdicts seemed inevitable, as they indeed do today, derived inexorably from the defendants’ decisions and actions. The People’s Tribunals functioned for a short time only. They were disbanded on June 28, 1946,1 although some of the sentences were not pronounced until sometime later. Some 2,700 cases of suspected war criminals were examined by a commission formed of “public prosecutors,”2 but only in about half of the examined cases did the commission find sufficient evidence to prosecute, and only 668 were sentenced, many in absentia.3 There were two tribunals, one in Bucharest and one in Cluj. It is worth mentioning that the Bucharest tribunal sentenced only 187 people.4 The rest were sentenced by the tribunal in Cluj. One must also note that, in general, harsher sentences were pronounced by the Cluj tribunal (set up on June 22, 1 Marcel-Dumitru Ciucă, “Introducere” in Procesul maresalului Antonescu (Bucharest: Saeculum and Europa Nova, 1995-98), vol. 1: p. 33. 2 The public prosecutors were named by communist Minister of Justice Lucret iu Pătrăşcanu and most, if not all of them were loyal party members, some of whom were also Jews.
    [Show full text]
  • Communism and Post-Communism in Romania : Challenges to Democratic Transition
    TITLE : COMMUNISM AND POST-COMMUNISM IN ROMANIA : CHALLENGES TO DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION AUTHOR : VLADIMIR TISMANEANU, University of Marylan d THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FO R EURASIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE VIII PROGRA M 1755 Massachusetts Avenue, N .W . Washington, D .C . 20036 LEGAL NOTICE The Government of the District of Columbia has certified an amendment of th e Articles of Incorporation of the National Council for Soviet and East European Research changing the name of the Corporation to THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR EURASIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARCH, effective on June 9, 1997. Grants, contracts and all other legal engagements of and with the Corporation made unde r its former name are unaffected and remain in force unless/until modified in writin g by the parties thereto . PROJECT INFORMATION : 1 CONTRACTOR : University of Marylan d PR1NCIPAL 1NVEST1GATOR : Vladimir Tismanean u COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 81 1-2 3 DATE : March 26, 1998 COPYRIGHT INFORMATIO N Individual researchers retain the copyright on their work products derived from research funded by contract with the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research . However, the Council and the United States Government have the right to duplicate an d disseminate, in written and electronic form, this Report submitted to the Council under thi s Contract, as follows : Such dissemination may be made by the Council solely (a) for its ow n internal use, and (b) to the United States Government (1) for its own internal use ; (2) for further dissemination to domestic, international and foreign governments, entities an d individuals to serve official United States Government purposes ; and (3) for dissemination i n accordance with the Freedom of Information Act or other law or policy of the United State s Government granting the public rights of access to documents held by the United State s Government.
    [Show full text]
  • INFORMATION to USERS the Quality of This Reproduction Is
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMZ films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter &ce, while others nuy be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the qualityof the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the origina!, b^inning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell ft Howdl Infbnnatioa Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Aitor MI 4SI06-I346 USA 313/761-4700 «00/321-0600 THE PRICE OF DREAMS: A HISTORY OF ADVERTISING IN FRANCE. 1927-1968 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Clark Eric H ultquist, B.A., M.A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Poetry, a Christian Resistance Support in Romanian Prisons
    The poetry, a christian resistance support in Romanian prisons Ana NECHITA Abstract: Documents of special importance for their content, giving the voice of a tumultuous and broken destiny, which marked the young generation of the 1960’s, the poems of communist prisons are a significant sound of experiences had in suffering by those who wrote them. Pages written with blood, these poems by their testimonial value, require from us not to ignore their long sacrificial experience, using the freedom, stolen to these authors, for the rebuilding of the nation and the reconstruction of historical truth. The prison poetry, being between the fighting weapons of spiritual resistance, is located near the divine, tending to transfiguration, thing which is happening not few times. Thus, poetry of the prisons becomes a direct way of communicating of the one behind the bars with God. Endowed with the talent of rhyme and having the conscience of fight for truth, for a Romanian creed, these „angels of pain”, as they were called poets of communist prisons in Romania, assured their spiritual survival by sacrificing the best of them on the country altar, replacing the moments of indignation with life in spirit, and here pain is receiving a salvation sense. The lyrics of the imprisoned poets, springing out from pain and completed through pain, formed bright candles from the overflowing of their hearts for all those which was facing the same situation. In the shadow of the cell, under the lightless Professor of Romanian language and literature at “Ion Holban” Technical College, Iaşi. Romania Ana NECHITA vault of the lead mines, along with prayer, the poetry was a saving word, a flasher that lightened and assuaged in the darkness.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Text At: Arhivele Naţionale Bistrița Năsăud, Fund Comisia De Agricultură a Județului Năsăud 1947, Dossier No
    AIO – XVII Anuarul de istorie orală UNIVERSITATEA „BABEŞ-BOLYAI” CLUJ-NAPOCA FACULTATEA DE ISTORIE ŞI FILOSOFIE INSTITUTUL DE ISTORIE ORALĂ AIO ANUARUL INSTITUTULUI DE ISTORIE ORALĂ XVII ARGONAUT CLUJ-NAPOCA 2016 1 AIO – XVII Anuarul de istorie orală AIO ANUARUL INSTITUTULUI DE ISTORIE ORALĂ COLEGIUL ŞTIINŢIFIC : . Prof.univ.dr. LUCIAN BOIA (Universitatea Bucureşti) Prof. DENNIS DELETANT (Universitatea din Londra) Prof. JOSE M. FARALDO (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) Prof. ALESSANDRO PORTELLI (Universitatea „La Sapientia”, Roma) Prof.univ.dr. DORU RADOSAV – Director Institutul de Istorie Orală (Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, Cluj-Napoca) Acad. ALEXANDRU ZUB (Academia Română, Iaşi) COLEGIUL DE REDACŢIE: . Lect.univ.dr. MARIA ALDEA – Facultatea de Litere - UBB Cercet.dr. ADRIAN BODA – Institutul de Istorie Orală - UBB Conf.univ.dr. IONUŢ COSTEA – Facultatea de Istorie şi Filosofie - UBB Conf.univ.dr. VALENTIN ORGA – Facultatea de Istorie şi Filosofie - UBB Dr. IULIA POP – Institutul de Istorie Orală - UBB CSII dr. LAVINIA S. STAN – Institutul de Istorie Orală - UBB Coordonare volum: Lavinia S. Stan Responsabilitatea conţinutului materialelor aparţine autorilor Traducere & corectură: Thomas Tolnai, Veronica Zaharagiu, Sigrid Crăsnean INSTITUTUL DE ISTORIE ORALĂ – CLUJ-NAPOCA Str. Napoca nr. 11 Tel./Fax: 004-0264-597633 www.istoriaorala.ro e-mail: [email protected] Tehnoredactarea, tiparul şi distribuţia: Editura Argonaut www.edituraargonaut.ro Coperta: arhitect Tiberiu TRENEA __________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • The Life of the Romanian Theologian Antonie Plamadeala As a Runaway from the Secret Police and As a Political Prisoner in Communist Romania
    The Life of the Romanian Theologian Antonie Plamadeala as a Runaway from the Secret Police and as a Political Prisoner in Communist Romania Cristina Plamadeala A Thesis in The Department of Theological Studies Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Theological Studies) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada September 2015 © Cristina Plamadeala, 2015 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Cristina Plamadeala Entitled: The Life of the Romanian Theologian Antonie Plamadeala as a Runaway from the Secret Police and as a Political Prisoner in Communist Romania and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Theological Studies) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final Examining Committee: __________________________________Chair Chair’s name __________________________________Examiner Examiner’s name __________________________________Examiner Examiner’s name __________________________________Supervisor Supervisor’s name Approved by_______________________________________________________ Chair of Department or Graduate Program Director _______2015 _______________________________________________________ Dean of Faculty ii ABSTRACT The Life of the Romanian Theologian Antonie Plamadeala as a Runaway from the Secret Police and as a Political Prisoner in Communist Romania Cristina Plamadeala The present work discusses the life of the Romanian theologian Antonie Plamadeala (1926-2005) in the1940s-1950s. More specifically, it tells the story of his refuge from Bessarabia to Romania, of his run from Romania’s secret police (Securitate) and of his years of incarceration as a political prisoner for alleged ties to the Legionary Movement, known for its Fascist, paramilitary and anti-Semitic activity and rhetoric.
    [Show full text]
  • The “CHRISTIAN NATIONALISM” of Nichifor Crainic
    The “CHRISTIAN NATIONALISM” of Nichifor Crainic reflected in his work from the th4 decade of the 20th century Iuliu-Marius Morariu The “CHRISTIAN NATIONALISM” of Nichifor Crainic reflected in his work from the th4 decade of the 20th century Presa Universitară Clujeană 2020 Referenți științifici: Prof. Univ. Dr. Inocent-Mária Vladimír Szaniszló OP, Universitatea Pontificală Angelicum, Roma Pr. Lect. Univ. Dr. Daniel Aron Alic, Universitatea „Eftimie Murgu”, Reșița Design: Dan G. Văscu © 2020. Autorul volumului. Toate drepturile rezervate. Reproducerea integrală sau parțială a textului, prin orice mijloace, fără acordul autorului, este interzisă și se pedep- sește conform legii. ISBN 978-606-37-0819-0 Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai Presa Universitară Clujeană Director: Codruța Săcelean Str. Hasdeu nr. 51 400371 Cluj-Napoca, România Tel./Fax: (+40) – 264 – 597. 401 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.editura.ubbcluj.ro/ Iuliu-Marius Morariu (hieromonk Maxim) is an Orthodox priest, PhD in Orthodox Theology in “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and a PhD. Candidate in Social Sciences in Angelicum Pontifical University in Rome. He graduated as a vale- dictorian the Faculty of Orthodox Theology from the aforemen- tioned University in Cluj-Napoca (BA in 2014, MA in 2016) and also the Faculty of History and Philosophy there (BA in 2014, MA, 2016). He also graduated the Ecumenical Institute in Bossey, Ge- neva University (2018) and received a MA title in Social Sciences in Angelicum Pontifical University in Rome (2020). He published, edited, coordinated and translated 26 books, more than 300 stud- ies and articles in Romania and abroad and more than 150 book reviews.
    [Show full text]
  • Iuliu Maniu and Corneliu Zelea Codreanu Against King Carol
    Reluctant Allies? Iuliu Maniu and Corneliu Zelea Codreanu against King Carol II of Romania Introduction Iuliu Maniu is today regarded as the principle upholder of democratic and constitutional propriety in interwar Romania. As leader of the Romanian National Peasant Party throughout much of the interwar period and the Second World War, he is generally considered to have tried to steer Romania away from dictatorship and towards democracy. Nevertheless, in 1947 Maniu was arrested and tried for treason together with other leaders of the National Peasant Party by the communist authorities. The charges brought against Maniu included having links to the ‘terrorist’ and fascist Romanian Legionary movement (also known as the Iron Guard). The prosecutors drew attention not only to the entry of former legionaries into National Peasant Party organizations in the autumn of 1944, but also to Maniu’s electoral non- aggression pact of 1937 with the Legionary movement’s leader, Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. The pact had been drawn up to prevent the incumbent National Liberal government manipulating the elections of December 1937. Maniu had subsequently acted as defence a witness at Codreanu’s trial in 1938. 1 Since the legionaries were regarded by the communists as the agents of Nazism in Romania, Maniu was accordingly accused of having encouraged the growth of German influence and fascism in Romania.2 Maniu was sentenced to life imprisonment and died in Sighet prison in 1953. Possibly no single act of Maniu’s interwar career was more condemned within Romanian communist historiography than his electoral pact with the allegedly Nazi- 1 Marcel-Dumitru Ciucă (ed.), Procesul lui Iuliu Maniu, Documentele procesului conducătorilor Partidului Naţional Ţărănesc, 3 volumes, Bucharest, 2001, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Extensions of Remarks E1301 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS
    July 15, 1998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð Extensions of Remarks E1301 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRIBUTE TO ROMANIAN PRESI- mania takes a leadership role in the Partner- eral prominent publications have identified DENT EMIL CONSTANTINESCU ship for Peace collaboration. He helped lead health care as the defining issue of the 1990s. the Romanians in giving U.S. President Bill I agree. In meeting after meeting in southern Clinton in 1997 his biggest reception any- Indiana I have noticed how persistently the HON. MIKE PARKER where up to that time. And the same Roma- question of health care comes forward in dis- OF MISSISSIPPI nians have indicated the highest level of sup- cussions. It is the issue that bubbles and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES port for NATO and partnership with America seethes beneath the surface at all times sim- of any of the peoples of Eastern Europe; Wednesday, July 15, 1998 Met with regional and other world leaders ply because it is the most personal and real to demonstrate his determination to make issue that touches the hopes and fears of Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, for the RECORD every American. I would like to submit a statement of tribute by Romania a peaceful island of stability in the volatile region. His outreach to the Hungar- POPULAR VIEWS ON HEALTH CARE my former House colleague David Funderburk ian minority and to neighboring Hungary as to Romania's President who is visiting Wash- well as to neighboring Ukraine have been I find Hoosiers overwhelmingly want ev- ington this week. models of cooperation in the region; eryone to have access to health care services Helped guide Romania through its most A TRIBUTE TO ROMANIAN PRESIDENT EMIL but they split on how to pay for that access.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Memory and National Identity in Post-Communist Romania: Representations of the Communist Past in Romanian News Media and Romanian Politics (1990 - 2009)
    COLLECTIVE MEMORY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN POST-COMMUNIST ROMANIA: REPRESENTATIONS OF THE COMMUNIST PAST IN ROMANIAN NEWS MEDIA AND ROMANIAN POLITICS (1990 - 2009) A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Constanta Alina Hogea May 2014 Examining Committee Members: Carolyn Kitch, Advisory Chair, Journalism Nancy Morris, Media Studies and Production Fabienne Darling-Wolf, Journalism Mihai Coman, External Member, University of Bucharest © Copyright 2014 by Constanta Alina Hogea All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT My dissertation situates at the intersection of communication studies and political sciences under the umbrella of the interdisciplinary field of collective memory. Precisely, it focuses on the use of the communist past by political actors to gain power and legitimacy, and on the interplay between news media and politics in shaping a national identity in post-communist Romania. My research includes the analysis of the media representations of two categories of events: the anniversaries of the Romanian Revolution and the political campaigns for presidential/parliamentary elections. On the one hand, the public understanding of the break with communism plays an important role in how the post-communist society is defined. The revolution as a schism between the communist regime and a newborn society acts like a prism through which Romanians understand their communist past, but also the developments the country has taken after it. On the other hand, political communication is operating on the public imaginary of the past, the present and the future. The analysis of the political discourses unfolded in the news media shows how the collective memory of the communist past is used to serve political interests in the discursive struggle for power and legitimacy.
    [Show full text]
  • CP-4-2011.Pdf
    Minunea nu poate fi descoperită cu ochiul raţiunii. În Canonul de umilinţă către Mântuitorul Hristos se spune: „Iisuse preadulce, lumina lumii, luminează ochii sufletului meu, ca să Te laud pe Tine, lumina cea neînserată”. El este în noi, în inima noastră, în mintea noastră. Îl vom descoperi acolo, căci ne-a încredinţat: „Eu sunt cu voi în toate zilele, până la sfârşitul veacului”. El trebuie să devină ţelul nostru. Fundaţia „Credinţă şi Creaţie. Acad. Zoe Dumitrescu-Buşulenga – Maica Benedicta” Caietele de la Putna 4, IV – 2011 Apare cu binecuvântarea Înaltpreasfinţitului Pimen, Arhiepiscop al Sucevei şi Rădăuţilor Fertilitatea mitului Comunicări: Dan Hăulică, Alexandru Zub, Alexandrina Cernov, Ştefan Afloroaei, Lucia Afloroaei, Adrian Alui Gheorghe, Mircea Borcilă, Diana Câmpan, Lucia Cifor, Iulian Costache, Mihai Dorin, Violina Galaicu-Păun, Gheorghiţă Geană, Sorin Lavric, Liviu Leonte, Ilie Luceac, Gheorghe Macarie, Ioan Milică, Ion Pop, Ierom. Teofan Popescu, Cassian Maria Spiridon, Carmen-Raluca Şerban-Naclad, Maria Şleahtiţchi, Mihai Şleahtiţchi, Monah Iustin Taban, Florin Ţupu, Cornel Ungureanu Expoziţie de artă plastică: Constantin Flondor ÎNTOARCERE ŞI ASCENSIUNE ISSN 1844–7791 © Fundaţia „Credinţă şi Creaţie. Acad. Zoe Dumitrescu-Buşulenga – Maica Benedicta” Editura Nicodim Caligraful Mănăstirea Putna, 2011 Tel.: 0230 414 055 Fax: 0230 414 119 Argument În perioada 25-28 august 2010 a avut loc la Mănăstirea Putna a patra ediţie a Simpozionului internaţional închinat academicianului Zoe Dumitrescu-Buşulenga – Maica Benedicta. Comunicările acestei ediţii, reunite sub titlul „Fertilitatea mitului”, au avut ca temă raportul societăţii contemporane cu marile evenimente, personalităţi şi construcţii formatoare ale culturii şi spiritualităţii româneşti şi europene. Deschiderea manifestărilor a avut loc miercuri, 25 august 2010, după-amiază, cu un Te Deum oficiat de Înaltpreasfinţitul Arhiepiscop Pimen, urmat de o slujbă de pomenire la mormântul Maicii Benedicta.
    [Show full text]
  • God, Mythology, Nationalism and Romanian Identity
    GOD, MYTHOLOGY, NATIONALISM AND ROMANIAN IDENTITY: THE POST-COMMUNIST TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY by Kenneth Allen Adams A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Spring 2016 Copyright 2016 Kenneth Allen Adams All Rights Reserved Pro Que st Num b e r: 10156501 A ll rig hts re se rve d INFO RMA TION TO A LL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will b e no te d . Also , if m a te ria l ha d to b e re m o ve d , a no te will ind ic a te the d e le tio n. Pro Que st 10156501 Pub lishe d b y Pro Que st LLC (2016). Co p yrig ht o f the Disserta tio n is he ld b y the Autho r. A ll rig hts re se rve d . This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. Pro Q u e st LLC . 789 East Eisenho we r Pa rkwa y P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arb o r, MI 48106 - 1346 GOD, MYTHOLOGY, NATIONALISM AND ROMANIAN IDENTITY: THE POST-COMMUNIST TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY by Kenneth Allen Adams Approved: __________________________________________________________ D. Heyward Brock, Ph.D. Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the Advisory Committee Approved: __________________________________________________________ Jeffrey L.
    [Show full text]