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Dakwah Kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur Novita Siswayanti1

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Dakwah Kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur Novita Siswayanti1 Novita Siswayanti : Alkultural Sunan … 1 Dakwah Kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur Novita Siswayanti1 Abstrak Sunan Sendang Duwur salah seorang waliyullah yang peranannya disejajarkan dengan Walisongo dalam menyiarkan Islam di Tanah Jawa. Sunan Sendang berdakwah secara kultural mengakulturasikan budaya yang mentradisi di Desa Sendang Duwur dan menginternalisasikan nya dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Ajarannya tentang “mlakuho dalan kang benar, ilingo wong kang sak burimu” (berjalanlah di jalan yang benar, dan ingatlah pada orang yang ada di belakangmu) hingga kini masih relevan yang berakulturasi dengan budaya setempat adalah tradisi selametan dan sedekahan yang diisi dengan pembacaan tahlil dan bancaan. Selain itu Masjid Sendang Duwur yang arsitekturnya vulnavular Joglo dan berakulturasi dengan budaya Hindu Jawa juga merupakan jejak dakwah kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur. Dalam penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengkaji dakwah kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur yang penuh kedamaian di mana salah satu metode dakwahnya adalah tut wuri handayani lan tut wuri hangiseni. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sejarah dengan melihat dan mengkaji seluruh aspek kehidupan sang tokoh. Dengan perspektif ini, diharapkan dapat diungkap keseluruhan sosok Sunan Sendang Duwur, mulai dari latar belakang keluarga, latar sosial, pendidikan, peranannya dalam dakwah kultural di Desa Sendang Duwur Paciran Lamongan yang hingga kini dakwahnya masih terimplimentasi dan diterapkan dalam kehidupan tradisi dan budaya masyarakat Sendang Duwur. Kata kunci: Dakwah Kultural, Sunan Sendang Duwur Abstract Sunan Sendang Duwur one Waliyullah whose role is aligned with the broadcast Walisongo Islam in Java. Sunan Spring preaching culturally mengakulturasikan mentradisi culture in the village of Spring Duwur and internalize it with Islamic values. His doctrine of "mlakuho role in kang true, ilingo wong kang sak burimu" (walk on the right path, and remember the people who were behind) are still relevant acculturated to the local culture is a tradition selametan and sedekahan filled with readings tahlil and bancaan. Besides the mosque Spring Duwur whose architecture vulnavular Joglo and acculturated by Javanese Hindu culture is also a cultural propaganda trail Sunan Spring Duwur. In this study sought to examine the cultural propaganda Sunan Spring Duwur peaceful where one method of preaching is wuri Handayani lan tut tut wuri hangiseni.Metode in this study is a qualitative method approach by looking at the history and examines all aspects of the life of the hero. With this perspective, is expected to reveal the overall figure of Sunan Sendang Duwur, ranging from family background,social background,education, its role in preaching the cultural village Spring Duwur Paciran Lamongan, which till now his preaching had done implementation and applied in the life of the tradition and culture of the people Sendang Duwur. Key Words: Cultural Broadcast, Sunan Sendang Duwur 1 Puslitbang Lektur dan Khazanah Keagamaan. 2 Al-Turāṡ: Vol. XXI, No. 1, Januari 2015 A. Pendahuluan dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Sunan Kalijaga Para penyebar Islam pada awal menanamkan nilai-nilai agama Islam perkembangannya di Jawa disebut dalam pertunjukan wayang kulit yang dengan panggilan Sunan. Para Sunan diiringi gamelan, masyarakat bisa dikenal sebagai waliyullah pembangun memperoleh hikmah sekaligus tetap karakter bangsa yang berbudi pekerti menjaga kebudayaan asli Jawa. luhur mulia, lemah lembut, berjiwa Sedangkan Sunan Bonang sosial, pengayom dan tidak suka menggunakan alat musik Bonang yang disertai dengan tembang Jawa yang konfrontatif dalam berdakwah 4 menyebarluaskan agama Islam. Para syarat akan dakwah Islam Walisanga menyebarkan Islam Sunan menyebarluaskan Islam di Pulau Jawa dengan penuh kedamaian, mereka dengan cara damai, mereka berdakwah mengaplikasikan nilai-nilai Islam ke melalui empat cara, yaitu pertama, cara dalam bahasa yang mudah dimengerti pendekatan kepada masyarakat; kedua, dan dipahami oleh masyarakat tut wuri handayani lan tut wuri setempat. Mereka berdakwah secara hangiseni kepada masyarakat; ketiga, persuasif dan penuh kebijaksanaan mengubah atau menghilangkan secara menyesuaikan diri dengan alam pikiran perlahan-lahan adat yang tidak sesuai serta adat kebiasaan yang berlaku, dengan Islam dan keempat, mengakulturasikan antara nilai-nilai menghindarkan cara keras dalam Islam dengan budaya setempat.2 menyiarkan Agama Islam dengan prinsip mengambil ikan tanpa Para Sunan penyebar Islam pandai 5 memilih dan menentukan hari-hari mengeruhkan airnya. khusus kegiatan upacara ataupun Sunan Sendang Duwur salah selamatan yang pada dasarnya masih seorang Waliyullah yang memiliki bersifat Hinduisme. Kemudian upacara karamah dan kemuliaan yang tersebut diisi dengan nilai-nilai Islam peranannya disejajarkan dengan sehingga masyarakat menjadi gembira Walisongo dalam menyiarkan Islam di dan semakin mendekat. Cerita-cerita Tanah Jawa. Sunan Sendang Duwur wayang kulit yang ada dimasuki unsur- yang memiliki nama asli Raden Noer unsur Islam, sehingga dalam sasaran Rahmat seorang ulama kharismatik dakwah menyampaikan materi Al- yang dihormati keturunan blasteran Qur’an dan Hadis dapat diserap dan Baghdad dan Jawa Timur. Ia seorang pemuda murid Sunan Drajat penebar diterima dengan enak dan efektif oleh masyarakat melalui media wayang kulit kedamaian di Bukit Amitunon yang taat 3 beribadah, sakti, dan berperan penting tersebut. Seperti halnya strategi dakwah yang dalam menyebarkan dakwah Islam di diterapkan oleh Walisongo khususnya Lamongan. Sunan Kudus maupun Sunan Kalijaga Sunan Sendang Duwur seorang yang menyiarkan Islam tidak secara Sunan yang bersahabat, ramah, dan puritan tetapi sinkretisme familiar dengan alam dan tradisi mengakulturasikan tradisi-budaya Hindu masyarakat sekitarnya. Ayahnya Syeh Abdul Qahar bin Abdul Malik seorang 2 alim ulama dari Negeri Baghdad dan Nursaid, Jejak Perjuangan Sunan Kudus dan ibunya Dewi Sukarsih puteri Membangun Karakter Bangsa, (Bandung: Brillian Media Utama, 2012), h. 67. 3 Achmad Chambali, Perjuangan Wali Songo, 4 Darori Amin, Islam dan Kebudayaan Jawa, (Surabaya: Kalindo Citra Selaras, 1996), h. (Yogyakarta: Gama Media, 2002), h. 278-279. 28-29. 5 Chambali, Perjuangan Wali Songo, h. 94-95. Novita Siswayanti : Alkultural Sunan … 3 Tumenggeng Sedayu Gresik. Sunan kepada Sang Maha Pencipta dan Sendang Duwur yang bernama asli menjalin silaturahmi persaudaraan antar Raden Noer Rahmat seorang pemuda sesama manusia. Hingga kini salah satu yang taat beribadah kepada Allah. Ia ajaran Sunan Sendang yang masih juga patuh dan taat kepada ibundanya, relevan dan terlestari adalah “mlakuho Sehari-hari Raden Noer Rahmat dalan kang benar, ilingo wong kang sak bercocok tanam, berkebun dan beternak. burimu” (berjalanlah di jalan yang Ia dikenal sebagai pemuda yang ramah benar, dan ingatlah pada orang yang dan santun, sehingga orang-orang ada di belakangmu). Ajaran sunan ini simpatik dan senang berkomunikasi menghimbau pada seseorang agar dengannya. berjalan di jalan yang benar dan kalau Sunan Sendang Duwur berdakwah sudah mendapat kenikmatan, jangan menyebarkan Islam di Tanah Jawa lupa sedekah.7 melalui pendekatan persuasif kepada Dakwahnya mendekatkan diri masyarakat. Berinteraksi dengan dengan kepada masyarakat dengan penuh bijaksana, menyesuaikan dirinya menggunakan simbol-simbol tradisi dan dengan tradisi masyarakat setempat dan kepercayaan hingga sekarang masih menginternalisasikan tradisi yang ada tampak terlihat dan terlestari di Desa dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Dengan Sendang Duwur. Konstruksi bangunan keahlian dan kecakapannya di bidang masjid Sendang Duwur yang berdiri pertanian, Sunan Sendang kokoh di Bukit Amtunon memperkenalkan Islam sebagai ajaran mengisyaratkan akulturasi gaya rahmatan lil-alamin, cinta damai, penuh arsitektur Hindu-Islam. Selain itu kasih sayang dan tidak memaksa. Ia masyarakat sekitar hingga kini tetap berdakwah dengan konstruktif tanpa melaksanakan tradisi bancaan, kekerasan, mengajak kepada kebaikan, sekatenan, ruwatan, shalawatan, mem budayakan nilai-nilai Islam sejalan tahlilan, dan haulan Sunan Sendang dengan tradisi sepanjang tidak Duwur maupun peringatan hari-hari bertentangan dengan syariat. Sehingga besar Islam yang diisi dengan nuansa dengan demikian Islam mudah diterima Islami.8 tanpa menimbulkan pergolakan atau Jejak dakwah kultural Sunan kekacauan.6 Sendang Duwur yang berakulturasi Sunan Sendang berdakwah dengan dengan budaya dan tradisi setempat pendekatan kultural mengamati nilai- dengan cara damai menarik untuk dikaji nilai budaya masyarakat setempat dan dan ditelaah. Hingga kini jejak mengadopsi nilai-nilai tersebut sebagai dakwahnya pun masih terlestari di Desa media dakwah, yang kemudian Sendang Duwur. Oleh karena itu artikel memasukkan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam ini akan mengkaji lebih detail tentang bentuk budaya yang mentradisi di Desa bagaimana dakwah kultural Sunan Sendang Duwur Paciran Lamongan. Sendang Duwur di Lamongan. Kesuksesan dakwah Sunan Sendang melalui pendekatan kultural Sunan Sendang berdakwah dengan mengikuti tradisi masyarakat yang gemar mengadakan selamatan/kendurian sebagai perwujudan doa dan rasa syukur 7 Wawancara dengan Masrur Hasan tanggal 25- 31 Mei 2015 di Sendang Duwur. 6 Wawancara dengan Anshory tanggal 25-31 8 Wawancara dengan Ali Qasim tanggal 25-31 Mei 2015 di Sendang Duwur. Mei 2015 di Sendang Duwur. 4 Al-Turāṡ: Vol. XXI, No. 1, Januari 2015 Rumusan Masalah Sunan Sendang Duwur tidak bisa Berdasarkan uraian permasalahan dilepaskan dari kisah dakwah Sunan kajian di atas, sebagai
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