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Agnikarma in Ayurved: an Overview

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Agnikarma in Ayurved: an Overview International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research Vol.3; Issue: 1; Jan.-March 2018 Website: www.ijshr.com Review Article ISSN: 2455-7587 Agnikarma in Ayurved: An Overview Dnyaneshwar.K.Jadhav1, Dr.Sushilkumar Jangid2 1 2 Assistant Professor, Kayachikitsa Department, Assi.professor Agadtantra Department, Shri Dhanwantri Ayurvedic Medical College & Research Centre, India - 281401 Corresponding Author: Dnyaneshwar.K.Jadhav ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT the chapter of “DwiVraniyaChikitsa”. (2) Also AgniKarmaused in different Ayurveda is the everlasting supreme science of disease as follow – in Gulmachikitsa; (3) medicine because it deals with promotion of in bhagandar-chikitsaas taildagdha; (4) health and curing the diseases. The aim of in plihodar; (5) in arshachikitsa; (6) in Medical Science is to provide better health to visarpachikitsa; (7) in Arditchikitsa (8) every human being. To achieve this goal the In Sushruta Samhita: Sushruta pathy should be able to eliminate the disease and that to be without any side effects. mentioned the AgniKarma as supreme in Ayurveda have shaman and shodhan chikitsa. all the para surgical procedures. A Varity of medical procedure mentioned in separate chapter in Sutra-Sthana with Ayurved samh it as like ksharkarma, lepanam details about every aspect of etc. AgniKarmais one of the important AgniKarma, denotes its importance in proceduredescribed in Ayurveda. In this fast the treatment, during those period. lifestyle patients need instant result on all pain. Sushruta has referred Agni in AgniKarma is one of the fast procedure to Agropaharaniya, (9) as Upayantra, (10) reduced vedana (pain). Many samhitas have Anushstra (11) description of AgniKarma. From meaning to Ashtang Samgraha: Details indication, contraindication, its superiority all information included in charak, sushrut, Description of AgniKarma found in 40th vagbhat, har it as amhita. Acharya Dalhana chapter of Sutra Sthana of Ashtang have given explanation regarding the shapes of Samgraha. AgniKarma in his commentary. This In Ashtang Hridaya: A detailed AgniKarma is original idea of modern description of AgniKarmais described in cauterization procedure. This review article will 30th chapter of Sutra Sthana of Ashtang help to all to gain best knowledge about Hridaya. AgniKarma. In HaritaSamhita: Acharya Harita has mentioned AgniKarmaas one of the Key Words: AgniKarma, Ayurveda, Review. eight important types of treatment. (12) Beside this, he has also indicated INTRODUCTION AgniKarma in various diseases. Definition of AgniKarma: MATERIALS & METHODS The AgniKarma word made up with For the present Review study combination of two words - Agni and detailed literary study is per formed. The Karma (i.e. fire and procedure). In short we Detail content and references are analysed can said as a procedure done by Agni for from available text. Principal texts referred treating a disease. (1) are Charak, Sushruta, Vagbhatta and harit History of Agnikarma: samhita. Also relevant references are taken In charaka Samhita: Acharya Charaka from books, Thesis & Research articles. give detail description of AgniKarma is comes under 36 Upakramas of Vrana in International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research (www.ijshr.com) 39 Vol.3; Issue: 1; January-March 2018 Dnyaneshwar.K.Jadhav et al. Agnikarma in Ayurved: An Overview Dahnopakarana used for Agnikarma: AgniKarma, it can be classified on various In classics, there are different basis as below: Dahnopakarana, have been described 1 According to type of Dravya: during the descriptions of disease cured by AgniKarmacan be classified into two AgniKarma. Dahnopakarana means groups accessories like drugs, articles and a. SnigdhaAgniKarma:- AgniKarma done substances used for AgniKarma. Each of byMadhu, Ghrita,Taila etc. them is having their own peculiarity in b. RukshaAgniKarma:- AgniKarma done Dahnopakarana. by Pippali, Shalaka, Ajasakrida etc. A list of Dahnopakarana has been 2 According to the Disease: given here as available in texts: There are so many types of AgniKarma eg. Table 1 : showing Dahnopakarana used for AgniKarma. In the disease like Arsha, Kandara Name of Dahnopakarana used for AgniKarma Pipali Loha Suchi Varti Tamra etc. it should be done after surgical excision. Aja Jambavastha Sneha Majja Rajata In Sinus, fistula in ano etc. it should Shakrida Godanta Kshaudra Ghrita YastiMadhu Kansya be done after incision. Shara Madhuchhista Taila Suryakanta In Krimidanta it should be done after Shalaka Jaggery Vasa Hema filing the cavity by Jaggery, Madhuchhista Acharya Sushruta has indicated the etc. materials by name according to thesite of 3 According to Akriti: (13) In regard to Akriti, Acharya Sushruta have AgniKarma: (15) 1. Twakadagdha - Pippali, Ajasakrida, mentioned four types of AgniKarma. Godanta, Shara, Shalaka. I. Valaya(Circular shape) 2. Mamsadagdha – Jambhavsta Shalakla II. Bindu(Dot like shape) and Other Metals. III. Vilekha (Making of different shapes 3. Sira, Snayu, Sandhi and Asthidagdha - by heated shalaka) Madhu, Jaggery and Sneha. IV. Pratisarana (Rubbing at indicated According to Acharya Vagbhata for site by heated Shalaka and there is no Twakadah, Godanta and Suryakanta should specific shape) Acharya Vagbhata has added more three be used. Madhu, Sneha, Jambavastha and (16) Jaggery should be employed for AgniKarma types. of Arsha, Bhagandara, Granthi, Nadivrana I ArdhaChandra (Crescent shape) etc. II Astapada (It is specific shape containing Heating Time of Dahnopakarana used for eight limbs in different directions) Agnikarma: (14) III Swastika (It is specific shape of Swastika Yantra) (17) Table2: Showing heating time of Dahnopakarana used for 4 According to Dhatus: AgniKarma. According to Acharya Sushruta and Instrument of Period of Sr.no Dahandrvya heating heating Vagbhata the AgniKarma should be done as High-pressure 10-15 1 Raupyashlaka per involvement of the Dhatus such as - gas second High-pressure I Twakadagdha 2 suwarnashlaka 10 second gas Ii Sira and Snayudagdha High-pressure 3 suwarnasuchiwashlaka 2-3 second gas Iii Mamsadagdha High-pressure 4 tamrashlaka 6 second Iv AsthiSandhidagdha gas 5 Haridrakhnada candle 40 second Sign AND Symptoms Produced After (18) 6 Lendipipli Candle 50 second Agnikarma as Per Dhatus 7 Gajapipali Candle 60 second 8 Aja skhrut candle 55 second A) TwakaDagdha:- Classification of Agnikarma: When the Twaka is cauterised, There is no direct description burning is attended with a crackling sound, available regarding classification of bad odour, and contraction of the skin. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research (www.ijshr.com) 40 Vol.3; Issue: 1; January-March 2018 Dnyaneshwar.K.Jadhav et al. Agnikarma in Ayurved: An Overview B) MamsaDagdha :- Upadamsa, Gulma, Vishuchika, When Mamsa is cauterised, there Alasaka, Vilambika, Sanyasa, Unmada, occurs a pigeon like discolouration of the YakritaPlihodara, SonitaAtiPravriti, part, inflammation, mild pain, lesion get SiraSandhichheda, Visarpa, Sotha. dried up and shrivelled. Contra-indications for Agnikarma: C) SiraSnayuDagdha:- According to sushrut AgniKarma should When the Snayu and Siras are not be done in the Pitta Prakriti, Bhinna cauterised, there occurs black Kostha, Durbalya, Vriddha, Antah discolouration, swelling of the lesion and a Shonita, Anuddhrata Shalya, Bala, cessation of discharge (including that of Bhiru, A person afflicted with a large blood). number of Vranas, A person who is D) Sandhi and AsthiDagdha :- forbidden for Swedana. (21) When Asthi and the Sandhis are According to Charaka AgniKarma cauterised there occursdryness, redness, should not be done in the Vrana of hardness and fixity of the lesion. Snayu, Marma, Netra, Kushtha and Indications of Agnikarma : Vrana with Visha and Shalya. (22) A number of diseases and conditions According to Ashatgsangrha have been explained in text where AgniKarma should not be done in the AgniKarma as therapeutic measure has been patient who take virechana, suffering indicated as below: from atisaar (dirrorheoa), who has Acc.sushrut: (19) If there is excessive shalya in his body, who has boils on pain (Due to vataprakopa) in twak body, who is contraindicated for (skin), mansa (musules), sira (veins), ksharkarma. (23) snayu, sandhi (joints), asthi (bones) ; Suitable Season for Agnikarma: Grahnthi (lymphnodes), arsh (piles), AgniKarmacan be done during all bhagandara (fistula in ano), apache the seasons except Grishma and Sharada. (lymphadenitis), shlipad (filreasis), Even in these Seasons, during emergency chrmakil (warts), tilkalaka (pigmented States amenable only to cautery, it may be moles), antravrudhi (inguinoscrotal used after taking appropriate counter hernia), excessive bleeding from sandhi measures against them. (24) (joints), siracheda (cutting of veins), Procedure of Agnikarma: nadivrana(sinus ). The detailed description of Acc.to other samhitas: (20) Shiroroga, procedure of AgniKarma is available in Ardhavbhedaka, Bharu-lalataVedana, AstangSamgraha VartmaRoga, PakshamaKopa, Alaji, AgniKarma Methodology includes three Arbuda, Puyalasa, Abhisyanda, steps: Adhimantha, Lagana, MedajaOsthaRoga, DantaNadi, 1. PurvaKarma (Pre-procedure of KrimiDanta, Adhidanta, SheetaDanta, AgniKarma) DantaVidhradhi, Jalarbuda, Arsha Pre AgniKarma Diet: (25) In all diseases (Vataja-Kaphaja), Lingarsha, and during all seasons, the AgniKarma Yonyaarsha, Bhagandar, Chippa, can be done after feeding the patient Kunakha, Kadara, Balmika,
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