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Subhash Chandra Bose
Subhash Chandra Bose drishtiias.com/printpdf/subhash-chandra-bose-3 Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was a fierce nationalist, whose defiant patriotism made him one of the greatest freedom fighters in Indian history. He was also credited with setting up the Indian Army as a separate entity from the British Indian Army - which helped to propel the freedom struggle. Life Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose. After his early schooling, he joined Ravenshaw Collegiate School. From there he went to join Presidency College, Calcutta and was expelled due to his nationalist activities. Later, he went to University of Cambridge, U.K. In 1919, Bose headed to London to give the Indian Civil Services (ICS) examination and he was selected. Bose, however, resigned from Civil Services as he believed he could not side with the British. He was highly influenced by Vivekananda's teachings and considered him as his spiritual Guru. His political mentor was Chittaranjan Das. In 1921, Bose took over the editorship of the newspaper 'Forward', founded by Chittaranjan Das's Swaraj Party. In 1923, Bose was elected the President of the All India Youth Congress and also the Secretary of Bengal State Congress. He was also sent to prison in Mandalay in 1925 due to his connections with revolutionary movements where he contracted Tuberculosis. During the mid-1930s Bose travelled in Europe. He researched and wrote the first part of his book, The Indian Struggle, which covered the country’s independence movement in the years 1920–1934. -
Subhash Chandra Bose and His Discourses: a Critical Reading”, Thesis Phd, Saurashtra University
Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93) Thanky, Peena, 2005, “Subhash Chandra Bose and his discourses: A Critical Reading”, thesis PhD, Saurashtra University http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu/id/827 Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Saurashtra University Theses Service http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu [email protected] © The Author SUBHASH CHANDRA BOSE AND HIS DISCOURSES: A CRITICAL READING A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy IN ENGLISH Supervised by: Submitted by: Dr. Kamal Mehta Mrs. Peena Thanky Professor, Sainik School, Smt. H. S. Gardi Institute of Balachadi. English & Comparative (Dist. Jamnagar) Literary Studies, Saurashtra University, Rajkot. 2005 1 SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE 1897 - 1945 2 SMT. H. S. GARDI INSTITUTE OF ENGLISH & COMPARATIVE LITERARY STUDIES SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT (GUJARAT) CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the work embodied in this thesis entitled "Subhash Chandra Bose and His Discourses : A Critical Reading" has been carried out by the candidate Mrs. Peena Thanky under my direct guidance and supervision for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Faculty of Arts of Saurashtra University, Rajkot. -
Contributions of Lala Har Dayal As an Intellectual and Revolutionary
CONTRIBUTIONS OF LALA HAR DAYAL AS AN INTELLECTUAL AND REVOLUTIONARY ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF ^ntiat ai pijtl000pi{g IN }^ ^ HISTORY By MATT GAOR CENTRE OF ADVANCED STUDY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2007 ,,» '*^d<*'/. ' ABSTRACT India owes to Lala Har Dayal a great debt of gratitude. What he did intotality to his mother country is yet to be acknowledged properly. The paradox ridden Har Dayal - a moody idealist, intellectual, who felt an almost mystical empathy with the masses in India and America. He kept the National Independence flame burning not only in India but outside too. In 1905 he went to England for Academic pursuits. But after few years he had leave England for his revolutionary activities. He stayed in America and other European countries for 25 years and finally returned to England where he wrote three books. Har Dayal's stature was so great that its very difficult to put him under one mould. He was visionary who all through his life devoted to Boddhi sattava doctrine, rational interpretation of religions and sharing his erudite knowledge for the development of self culture. The proposed thesis seeks to examine the purpose of his returning to intellectual pursuits in England. Simultaneously the thesis also analyses the contemporary relevance of his works which had a common thread of humanism, rationalism and scientific temper. Relevance for his ideas is still alive as it was 50 years ago. He was true a patriotic who dreamed independence for his country. He was pioneer for developing science in laymen and scientific temper among youths. -
Nationalism in India Lesson
DC-1 SEM-2 Paper: Nationalism in India Lesson: Beginning of constitutionalism in India Lesson Developer: Anushka Singh Research scholar, Political Science, University of Delhi 1 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Content: Introducing the chapter What is the idea of constitutionalism A brief history of the idea in the West and its introduction in the colony The early nationalists and Indian Councils Act of 1861 and 1892 More promises and fewer deliveries: Government of India Acts, 1909 and 1919 Post 1919 developments and India’s first attempt at constitution writing Government of India Act 1935 and the building blocks to a future constitution The road leading to the transfer of power The theory of constitutionalism at work Conclusion 2 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Introduction: The idea of constitutionalism is part of the basic idea of liberalism based on the notion of individual’s right to liberty. Along with other liberal notions,constitutionalism also travelled to India through British colonialism. However, on the one hand, the ideology of liberalism guaranteed the liberal rightsbut one the other hand it denied the same basic right to the colony. The justification to why an advanced liberal nation like England must colonize the ‘not yet’ liberal nation like India was also found within the ideology of liberalism itself. The rationale was that British colonialism in India was like a ‘civilization mission’ to train the colony how to tread the path of liberty.1 However, soon the English educated Indian intellectual class realised the gap between the claim that British Rule made and the oppressive and exploitative reality of colonialism.Consequently,there started the movement towards autonomy and self-governance by Indians. -
The Khilafat Movement in India 1919-1924
THE KHILAFAT MOVEMENT IN INDIA 1919-1924 VERHANDELINGEN VAN HET KONINKLIJK INSTITUUT VOOR T AAL-, LAND- EN VOLKENKUNDE 62 THE KHILAFAT MOVEMENT IN INDIA 1919-1924 A. C. NIEMEIJER THE HAGUE - MAR TINUS NIJHOFF 1972 I.S.B.N.90.247.1334.X PREFACE The first incentive to write this book originated from a post-graduate course in Asian history which the University of Amsterdam organized in 1966. I am happy to acknowledge that the university where I received my training in the period from 1933 to 1940 also provided the stimulus for its final completion. I am greatly indebted to the personal interest taken in my studies by professor Dr. W. F. Wertheim and Dr. J. M. Pluvier. Without their encouragement, their critical observations and their advice the result would certainly have been of less value than it may be now. The same applies to Mrs. Dr. S. C. L. Vreede-de Stuers, who was prevented only by ill-health from playing a more active role in the last phase of preparation of this thesis. I am also grateful to professor Dr. G. F. Pijper who was kind enough to read the second chapter of my book and gave me valuable advice. Beside this personal and scholarly help I am indebted for assistance of a more technical character to the staff of the India Office Library and the India Office Records, and also to the staff of the Public Record Office, who were invariably kind and helpful in guiding a foreigner through the intricacies of their libraries and archives. -
History, Amnesia and Public Memory the Chittagong Armoury Raid, 1930-34
History, Amnesia and Public Memory The Chittagong Armoury Raid, 1930-34 Sachidananda Mohanty In this essay, I reconstruct the main It is impossible to think of the 1905.The chief architect of this phase outline of the Chittagong Armoury Chittagong movement without the was Sri Aurobindo, then known as Raid and the uprising against the intellectual, political and martial Aurobindo Ghosh. His maternal British at Chittagong (former East leadership of Surjya Sen. During his grandfather, Rajnarayan Bose, had Bengal, now Bangladesh) between college days, he came under the in 1876 formed a secret society called 1930 and 34. I also explore the reasons influence of the national movement Sanjibani Sabha of which several that might help explain the erasure of and vowed to dedicate his life to members of the Tagore family were this significant episode from public national liberation. According to other members. In a series of articles in memory in India as well as accounts, Surjya Sen, Ambika Induprakash, a weekly from Bombay Bangladesh. I rely, in the main, on Chakraborty and others were initiated edited by KG Deshpande, Sri available historical evidence including into the movement by Hemendra Aurobindo severely criticised the Manini Chatterjee’s well documented Mukhoti, an absconder in the Barisal Congress policies for sticking to non- volume Do and Die: The Chittagong Conspiracy Case. violence. He sent a Bengali soldier of Uprising 1930 and 34 (Penguin The Chittagong group’s early the Baroda army, named Jatin Books, India, 1999). I supplement this inspiration came from the Bengal Banerjee to Bengal with the objective with information based on a recent visit revolutionaries who came into of establishing a secret group to to Bangladesh and my conversations prominence especially during the undertake revolutionary propaganda Partition of Bengal Movement in and recruitment. -
The Great Calcutta Killings Noakhali Genocide
1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE 1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE A HISTORICAL STUDY DINESH CHANDRA SINHA : ASHOK DASGUPTA No part of this publication can be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the author and the publisher. Published by Sri Himansu Maity 3B, Dinabandhu Lane Kolkata-700006 Edition First, 2011 Price ` 500.00 (Rupees Five Hundred Only) US $25 (US Dollars Twenty Five Only) © Reserved Printed at Mahamaya Press & Binding, Kolkata Available at Tuhina Prakashani 12/C, Bankim Chatterjee Street Kolkata-700073 Dedication In memory of those insatiate souls who had fallen victims to the swords and bullets of the protagonist of partition and Pakistan; and also those who had to undergo unparalleled brutality and humility and then forcibly uprooted from ancestral hearth and home. PREFACE What prompted us in writing this Book. As the saying goes, truth is the first casualty of war; so is true history, the first casualty of India’s struggle for independence. We, the Hindus of Bengal happen to be one of the worst victims of Islamic intolerance in the world. Bengal, which had been under Islamic attack for centuries, beginning with the invasion of the Turkish marauder Bakhtiyar Khilji eight hundred years back. We had a respite from Islamic rule for about two hundred years after the English East India Company defeated the Muslim ruler of Bengal. Siraj-ud-daulah in 1757. But gradually, Bengal had been turned into a Muslim majority province. -
Dictionary of Martyrs: India's Freedom Struggle
DICTIONARY OF MARTYRS INDIA’S FREEDOM STRUGGLE (1857-1947) Vol. 5 Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu & Kerala ii Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 5 DICTIONARY OF MARTYRSMARTYRS INDIA’S FREEDOM STRUGGLE (1857-1947) Vol. 5 Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu & Kerala General Editor Arvind P. Jamkhedkar Chairman, ICHR Executive Editor Rajaneesh Kumar Shukla Member Secretary, ICHR Research Consultant Amit Kumar Gupta Research and Editorial Team Ashfaque Ali Md. Naushad Ali Md. Shakeeb Athar Muhammad Niyas A. Published by MINISTRY OF CULTURE, GOVERNMENT OF IDNIA AND INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH iv Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 5 MINISTRY OF CULTURE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA and INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH First Edition 2018 Published by MINISTRY OF CULTURE Government of India and INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH 35, Ferozeshah Road, New Delhi - 110 001 © ICHR & Ministry of Culture, GoI No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-81-938176-1-2 Printed in India by MANAK PUBLICATIONS PVT. LTD B-7, Saraswati Complex, Subhash Chowk, Laxmi Nagar, New Delhi 110092 INDIA Phone: 22453894, 22042529 [email protected] State Co-ordinators and their Researchers Andhra Pradesh & Telangana Karnataka (Co-ordinator) (Co-ordinator) V. Ramakrishna B. Surendra Rao S.K. Aruni Research Assistants Research Assistants V. Ramakrishna Reddy A.B. Vaggar I. Sudarshan Rao Ravindranath B.Venkataiah Tamil Nadu Kerala (Co-ordinator) (Co-ordinator) N. -
Pan-Asianism: Rabindranath Tagore, Subhas Chandra Bose and Japan’S Imperial Quest
Karatoya: NBU J. Hist. Vol. 11 ISSN: 2229-4880 Pan-Asianism: Rabindranath Tagore, Subhas Chandra Bose and Japan’s Imperial Quest Mary L. Hanneman 1 Abstract Bengali intellectuals, nationalists and independence activists played a prominent role in the Indian independence movement; many shared connections with Japan. This article examines nationalism in the Indian independence movement through the lens of Bengali interaction with Japanese Pan-Asianism, focusing on the contrasting responses of Rabindranath Tagore and Subhas Chandra Bose to Japan’s Pan-Asianist claims . Key Words Japan; Pan-Asianism; Rabindranath Tagore; Subhas Chandra Bose; Imperialism; Nationalism; Bengali Intellectuals. Introduction As Japan pursued military expansion in East Asia in the 1930s and early 1940s, it developed a Pan-Asianist narrative to support its essentially nationalist ambitions in a quest to create an “Asia for the Asiatics,” and to unite all of Asia under “one roof”. Because it was backed by military aggression and brutal colonial policies, this Pan- Asianist narrative failed to win supporters in East Asia, and instead inspired anti- Japanese nationalists throughout China, Korea, Vietnam and other areas subject to Japanese military conquest. The Indian situation, for various reasons which we will explore, offered conditions quite different from those prevailing elsewhere in Asia writ large, and as a result, Japan and Indian enjoy closer and more cordial relationship during WWII and its preceding decades, which included links between Japanese nationalist thought and the Indian independence movement. 1 Phd, Modern East Asian History, University of Washington, Tacoma, Fulbright –Nehru Visiting Scholar February-May 2019, Department of History, University of North Bengal. -
Morley Minto Reforms to Civil Disobedience Movement Indian Councils Act(1909) - Minto- Morley Reforms
Morley Minto Reforms to Civil Disobedience Movement Indian Councils Act(1909) - Minto- Morley Reforms ● Act increased the number of elected members in the imperial & provincial legislative councils. ● 1st attempt at introducing a representative & popular element: Direct election for some seats along with nominations for the others. ● At least 1 Indian in the Viceroy’s Executive Council ( Satyendra Sinha was the 1st to be appointed as the law member ). Separate Electorate ● Reforms introduced the system of separate electorates. ● Act ‘legalised communalism’ & Minto came to be known as the Father of Communal Electorate. Delhi Darbar(1911) ❑ Set up to welcome King George V. ❑ Decisions taken during this were: ❑ Annulment of Partition of Bengal but Separation of Bihar & Orissa from Bengal ❑ Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912 The Ghadr ❑ The Ghadr Party was a revolutionary group organized around a weekly newspaper. ❑ The Ghadr had its headquarters at San Francisco. ❑ These revolutionaries included mainly ex-soldiers & peasants who had migrated from the Punjab in search of better employment opportunities. Continued… ❑ They were based in the US & Canadian cities along the western (Pacific) coast. ❑ To carry out revolutionary activities, the earlier activists had set up a 'Swadesh Sevak Home' at Vancouver & 'United India House' in Seattle. ❑ Tarak Nath Das, an Indian student started a paper called Free Hindustan. Where were the Ghadr revolutionaries , who became active during the outbreak of the World War I based? (a) Central America (b) North America (c) West America (d) South America Komagata Maru incident ❑ Komagata Maru was the name of a ship which was carrying 376 passengers, mainly Sikh & Punjabi Muslim would-be immigrants, from Hongkong to Vancouver. -
South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 9 | 2014 Art of Bangladesh: the Changing Role of Tradition, Search for Identity and Gl
South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal 9 | 2014 Imagining Bangladesh: Contested Narratives Art of Bangladesh: the Changing Role of Tradition, Search for Identity and Globalization Lala Rukh Selim Electronic version URL: https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3725 DOI: 10.4000/samaj.3725 ISSN: 1960-6060 Publisher Association pour la recherche sur l'Asie du Sud (ARAS) Electronic reference Lala Rukh Selim, “Art of Bangladesh: the Changing Role of Tradition, Search for Identity and Globalization”, South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal [Online], 9 | 2014, Online since 22 July 2014, connection on 21 September 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3725 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/samaj.3725 This text was automatically generated on 21 September 2021. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Art of Bangladesh: the Changing Role of Tradition, Search for Identity and Gl... 1 Art of Bangladesh: the Changing Role of Tradition, Search for Identity and Globalization Lala Rukh Selim Introduction 1 The art of Bangladesh embodies the social and political changes that have transformed the country/region through history. What was once a united state of Bengal is now divided into two parts, the sovereign country of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India. The predominant religion in Bangladesh is Islam and that of West Bengal is Hinduism. Throughout history, ideas and identifications of certain elements of culture as ‘tradition’ have played an important role in the construction of notions of identity in this region, where multiple cultures continue to meet. The celebrated pedagogue, writer and artist K. -
Nationalism and Internationalism (Ca
Comparative Studies in Society and History 2012;54(1):65–92. 0010-4175/12 $15.00 # Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 2012 doi:10.1017/S0010417511000594 Imagining Asia in India: Nationalism and Internationalism (ca. 1905–1940) CAROLIEN STOLTE Leiden University HARALD FISCHER-TINÉ Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich What is this new cult of Asianism, at whose shrine more and more incense is being offered by vast numbers of thinking Asiatics, far and near? And what has this gospel of Asianism, rightly understood and properly interpreted, to do with the merely political cry of ‘Asia for the Asiatics’? For true it is, clear to all who have eyes to see and ears to hear, that Asia is fast developing a new consciousness of her specific mission, her orig- inal contribution to Euro-America. ———Nripendra Chandra Banerji1 INTRODUCTION Asianisms, that is, discourses and ideologies claiming that Asia can be defined and understood as a homogenous space with shared and clearly defined charac- teristics, have become the subject of increased scholarly attention over the last two decades. The focal points of interest, however, are generally East Asian varieties of regionalism.2 That “the cult of Asianism” has played an important Acknowledgments: Parts of this article draw on a short essay published as: Harald Fischer-Tiné, “‘The Cult of Asianism’: Asiendiskurse in Indien zwischen Nationalismus und Internationalismus (ca. 1885–1955),” Comparativ 18, 6 (2008): 16–33. 1 From Asianism and other Essays (Calcutta: Arya Publishing House, 1930), 1. Banerji was Pro- fessor of English at Bangabasi College, Calcutta, and a friend of Chittaranjan Das, who propagated pan-Asianism in the Indian National Congress in the 1920s.