ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 71 (3): 201–229 (2020) doi: 10.18942/apg.202002
Fifteen New Species of Angiosperms from Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Southern Highlands of Vietnam
1,* 2 2 3 Shuichiro Tagane , Nguyen Van Ngoc , Hoang Thi Binh , Ai Nagahama , 3 4 4 5 Meng Zhang , Truong Quang Cuong , Le Van Son , Van-Son Dang , 6 7 8 Hironori Toyama , Natsuki Komada , Hidetoshi Nagamasu and 9 Tetsukazu Yahara
1The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. *[email protected] (author for correspondence); 2Faculty of science, Dalat University, 01 Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Dalat City, Lam Dong, Vietnam; 3Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; 4Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Lam Dong, Vietnam; 5The VNM Herbarium, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vast, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 6Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan; 7Laboratory of Forest Resources and Society, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; 8The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; 9Kyushu Open University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Fifteen new species of angiosperms, Ilex bidoupensis, I. hongiaoensis (Aquifoliaceae), Mastixia hongiaoensis (Cornaceae), Daphniphyllum hongiaoense (Daphniphyllaceae), Platea hongiaoensis (Icacinaceae), Neolitsea bidoupensis, N. hongiaoensis (Lauraceae), Nyssa bidoupensis, N. hongiaoensis (Nyssaceae), Eriobotrya hongiaoensis, Prunus hongiaoensis (Rosaceae), Luvunga hongiaoensis (Ruta- ceae), Illicium viridiflorum (Schisandraceae), Symplocos hongiaoensis (Symplocaceae) and Alpinia hongiaoensis (Zingiberaceae), from the Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, in the southern highlands of Vietnam, are described and illustrated.
Keywords: Angiosperms, flora, Indochina, new species, taxonomy, Vietnam
Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, established in located on a mountain ridge that suddenly de- 2004 and covering ca. 70,038 ha of Langbian Pla- scends towards South China Sea at the eastern teau, is located in Lam Dong Province, in the edge of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park. The dis- central highlands of Vietnam (Fig. 1). The eleva- tance between Hon Giao and the sea is about 50 tion of the area varies from 800 m to 2,287 m at km. Warm moist air from the sea results in a high the peak of Mt. Bidoup. The area is thickly cov- amount of rainfall that supports thick, montane ered with subtropical evergreen rainforests and evergreen broad-leaved forests (Vu & Xia 2011) low montane subtropical forests and is famous for and primary broad-leaved, evergreen, humid its high species diversity (Bidoup-Nui Ba Nation- montane forests (Duy & Averyanov 2015) domi- al Park 2018). The flora is composed of a mixture nated by species of trees of Araliaceae, Clusia- of Himalayan, Chinese, Indochinese and Malay- ceae, Cornaceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoli- sian elements (Averyanov et al. 2003), including aceae, Myrtaceae, Nyssaceae and Symplocaceae. valuable and rare species and genetic resources The unique flora has attracted many botanists. (Ban et al. 2007, Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park Recent botanical inventories of the area have re- 2018). sulted in the discovery eight new species of vas- Hon Giao area (elevation 1,630–2,050 m) is cular plants endemic to Hon Giao and adjacent 202 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Materials and methods
To verify that the species were distinct, we consulted herbarium specimens at BKF, FOF, FU, HNL, KAG, KYO, RAF, TI, TNS and VNM, specimen images on the web (e.g. JSTOR Global Plant, https://plants.jstor.org/), taxonomic litera- ture on particular groups and regional floras, in- cluding the Illustrated Flora of Vietnam (Hô 1999–2003), the Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Aubréville et al. 1960–present), the Flora of China (Wu et al. 1994–2013) and the Flora of Thailand (Smitinand & Larsen et al. 1970–present). Voucher specimens have been de- posited in the herbaria of Dalat University, Dalat (DLU), Kyushu University, Fukuoka (FU), some in the Forest Herbarium, Bangkok (BKF), some in the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshi- ma (KAG) and in the Kyoto University Museum (KYO).
Taxonomic treatments Fig. 1. Location of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park. Aquifoliaceae areas: Adinandra hongiaoensis Son & L. V. Dung Ilex bidoupensis Yahara & Tagane, sp. nov. — (Pentaphylacaceae, Son & Dung 2014), Billolivia Fig. 2A–D. kyi Luu & G. Tran (Gesneriaceae, Luu et al. Ilex bidopuensis resembles Ilex chevalieri Merr. but dif- 2015), Bulbophyllum bidoupense Aver. & N. V. fers in having fewer secondary veins (3–5 pairs vs. 6–7 Duy (Orchidaceae, Duy & Averyanov 2015), pairs), longer petioles [(0.8–)1–1.6 cm long vs. 0.5–0.9 cm Dendrobium trankimianum T. Yukawa (Orchida- long)] and glabrous calyx lobes (vs. puberulent). Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui ceae, Yukawa 2004), Garcinia hopii H. Toyama Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, & V. S. Dang (Clusiaceae, Toyama et al. 2017), 1,620 m elev., 12°11′14.83″N, 108°42′52.20″E, 22 Apr. Magnolia bidoupensis Q. N. Vu (Magnoliaceae, 2019, T. Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komada, H. Vu & Xia 2011), Nianhochloa bidoupensis H. N. V. Thanh V9851 [fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!, KAG!). Nguyen & V. T. Tran (Poaceae, Nguyen & Tran Trees, evergreen, to 10 m tall with GBH (girth at 2012) and Siliquamomum oreodoxa N. S. Lý & breast height) 23.5 cm. Young twigs greenish in Škorničk. (Zingiberaceae, Lý et al. 2010). vivo, dark reddish brown when dry, glabrous, old Since 2011, we conducted field surveys to as- twigs grayish brown, with minute lenticels. Stip- sess the plant diversity in Bidoup-Nui Ba Nation- ules triangular, 0.5–0.7 mm long, glabrous. al Park (Tagane et al. 2017, Toyama et al. 2017, Leaves alternate; blade 2.4–6.8 × 1.2–2.9 cm, Binh et al. 2018, Nagahama et al. 2019) and col- thinly leathery, greenish, drying dark reddish lected 3,468 specimens. In this study, we describe brown adaxially, dull grayish yellow abaxially, 15 new species in 11 families based on collections glabrous on both surfaces, punctate abaxially, from Hon Giao. apex acuminate to caudate, acumen to 1.3 cm long, base broadly cuneate, acute, or rounded, October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 203
Fig. 2. Ilex bidoupensis Yahara & Tagane (A–D). A: Flowering branch. B: Lower leaf surface. C: Leafy twig. D: Staminate inflorescence.Ilex hongiaoensis Tagane (E–I). E: Fruiting twig. F: Lower leaf surface. G: Fruit. H: Transverse section of fruit. I: Fruit pericarp removed showing pyrenes. Photographs A, B & D from Yahara et al. V9851 taken on 22 Apr. 2019; C from Yahara et al. V8650 taken on 18 June 2018; E–I from Tagane et al. V9412 taken on 1 Oct. 2019; all taken by Shu- ichiro Tagane. 204 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 margin entire, slightly recurved when dry, midrib Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam sunken or prominent only in basal ca. 1/3 adaxi- Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in montane evergreen forest, 1,533 m elev., 12°10′34.7″N, ally, prominent abaxially, secondary veins 3–5 108°41′08.4″E, 21 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et al. V3999 [ster.] pairs, invisible adaxially, faintly visible abaxial- (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, ly, tertiary veins invisible on both surfaces; peti- 108°42′51.0″E, 18 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8650 [ster.] ole (0.8–)1–1.6 cm long, glabrous. Staminate in- (DLU, FU); —Khanh Hoa Province: Mt. Hon Ba, 1,498 m florescences 2–5-flowered in simple cymes or elev., 12°07′08.64″N, 108°56′51.99″E, 18 July 2013, S. Tagane et al. V308 [ster.] (FU, VNM, the herbarium of sometimes in compound cymes; peduncle 3–6 Hon Ba Nature Reserve); same locality, 17 July 2014, S. mm long, glabrous; bracts narrowly triangular, Tagane et al. V1732 [young fr.] (FU, VNM, herbarium of ca. 0.5 mm long. Staminate flowers whitish, Hon Ba Nature Reserve). 4-merous; calyx lobes 4 or rarely 5, broadly trian- gular to transversely triangular, ca. 0.3 mm long, glabrous, margin ciliolate; petals 4, ovate-oblong, Ilex hongiaoensis Tagane, sp. nov. —Fig. 2E–I. ca. 1.5 mm long, white, glabrous on both surfac- Ilex hongiaoensis is most similar to I. chapaensis Merr. es, connate at base; stamens 4, ca. 1.8 mm long; of northern Vietnam and China but differs in having few- filaments ca. 1 mm long, glabrous; anthers ca. 0.8 er secondary veins (5–8 pairs in I. hongiaoensis vs. 8–10 mm long; rudimentary ovary conical, ca. 0.4 mm pairs in I. chapaensis), prominent and distinct tertiary in height; pedicel 3–4 mm long, glabrous; bracte- veins on the lower leaf surface (vs. not prominent) and shorter petioles (0.5–1.2 cm long vs. 1.2–3 cm long). oles triangular, ca. 0.2 mm long, glabrous. Pistil- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province: Bidoup-Nui late inflorescences not seen. Infructescence Ba National Park, Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, (young), simple cymes, with 1–3-fruits; peduncle 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 1 Oct. 2018, 2–4 mm long, glabrous. Young fruits subglobose, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, M. Zhang, K. Tsuchiya, T. ca. 2.5 mm in diam., glabrous, green in vivo, red- Nguyen, C.T. Nguyen V9412 [fr.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!, KAG!). dish brown when dry, calyx persistent, shallowly lobed, stigma columnar, persistent, ca. 1 mm Trees, to 12 m tall, GBH 32.6 cm. Young twigs long; fruiting stalk 2.6–6 cm long, glabrous. green in vivo, reddish brown when dry, glabrous, with small lenticels, old twigs grayish brown. Distribution. Vietnam (Khanh Hoa and Lam Stipules triangular, ca. 0.4 mm long. Leaves al- Dong provinces). ternate, often crowded on spur branches; petiole 0.5–1.2 cm long, glabrous; blade broadly elliptic Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- to elliptic, (2.4–)4.2–8.2 × (1.2–)1.6–4.7 cm, thin- lected in April and fruiting in July. ly coriaceous, dark grayish brown to dark dull yellowish green adaxially, dull brownish yellow Note. Ilex bidoupensis is characterized by rel- abaxially, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acumi- atively longer petioles, ovate-elliptic leaves with nate, rarely acute, base cuneate, margin crenu- caudate to acuminate apex, and 3–5 pairs of in- late-serrulate, midrib sunken adaxially, promi- visible or faintly visible secondary veins on both nent abaxially, secondary veins 5–8 pairs, promi- surfaces. It is most similar to Ilex chevalieri, of nent abaxially, tertiary veins reticulate, promi- which the type specimen (A. Chevalier 38688, P) nent and distinct abaxially. Inflorescences and was collected from Mt. Hon Ba, at 1,000 m elev.; flowers not seen. Fruits globose, 1.2–1.4 cm in it is distinguished by the above diagnosis. We col- diam., glabrous, green in vivo, reddish brown and lected both species on Mt. Hon Ba. Ilex chevalieri ribbed when dry, calyx persistent, explanate, was in an evergreen forest on a hill at 1,204 m lobes 6 or 7, broadly ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm elev. (voucher specimen: S. Tagane et al. V476); I. long, margin ciliolate, stigma columnar, persis- bidoupensis was in a montane evergreen forest tent, ca. 1.2 mm long; fruiting stalk 0.7–0.9 cm near the summit of Mt. Hon Ba, at 1,498 m elev. long, glabrous. Pyrenes 6, oblong, ca. 11 mm (S. Tagane et al. V308 & V1732). long, 5 mm wide, 4 mm thick, glabrous, abaxially October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 205
3-striate, 2-sulcate, laterally 1 or 2 striate and sul- Trees, evergreen to 9 m tall, GBH 23 cm. Young cate, striae yellowish brown, sulci reddish brown. twigs dark olive (yellowish green), glabrous, old twigs grayish or yellowish brown. Leaves spirally Distribution. Vietnam (Khanh Hoa and Lam arranged; petiole 1–4.3 cm long on saplings, Dong provinces). (0.5–)0.8–2.5(–4.3) cm long on adult trees, gla- brous, concave near base adaxially, dark dull red Phenology. Fruiting specimens were collect- in vivo, dark brown in sicco; blade oblong-ellip- ed in June and October. tic, obovate-oblong, 9.8–16.2 × 3.8–8 cm on sap- lings, (1.5–)5–10.8(–16.2) × (0.7–)1.3–5.6(–8) cm Note. While Ilex chapaensis is in sparse, at mature trees, leathery, revolute, pale yellowish mixed forests in the mountains at an elevation of green or pale brown adaxially, pale green abaxi- 500–3,000 m in China (Fujian, Guangdong, ally, glabrous, apex acute to rounded, base cune- Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, SE Yunnan) and ate, margin entire, revolute, midrib sunken in dis- northern Vietnam (Hô 2003, Chen et al. 2008), I. tal 3/4, prominent in basal 1/4 adaxially, promi- hongiaoensis occurs in wet evergreen forests at nent abaxially, secondary veins 7 or 8 pairs, an elevation of 1,354–1,807 m in central to south- sunken adaxially, prominent abaxially, tertiary ern Vietnam. It is also similar to Ilex macrocarpa veins scalariform-reticulate, prominent abaxially. Oliv., but distinguishable by its 5–8 pairs of sec- Inflorescences terminal, corymbose cymes, 2.7– ondary veins (vs. 8–10 pairs in I. macrocarpa) 4.5 cm long, 2–4 branched, puberulent distally; and 6 pyrenes per fruit (vs. 7–9). peduncle 1.2–1.5 cm long; bracteoles triangular,
Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Khanh 2–3 mm long, puberulent outside, glabrous in- Hoa Province. Hon Ba Nature Reserve: 1,498 m elev., side, apex acute. Flowers 5-merous, sessile; calyx 12°07′08.64″N, 108°56′51.99″, 17 July 2013, T. Yahara et tube broadly obconical, 2 mm long, 2.8–3.2 mm al. V145 [ster.] (FU, VNM, herbarium of Hon Ba Nature in diam., densely appressed hairy outside, lobes Reserve); same locality, 1,336 m elev., 12°07′11.42″N, 108 5, triangular, 1.6–2 mm long, appressed hairy 57′25.76″E, 26 Nov. 2014, H. Toyama et al. V2276 [ster.] (FU, TAI, VNM, herbarium of Hon Ba Nature Reserve). near base outside, glabrous inside; petals 5, trian- —Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: gular, ca. 3 mm long, dark dull red near base, dull Hon Giao, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′ grayish green apically, appressed hairy outside, 51.0″E, 17 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8532 [ster.] (DLU, glabrous inside; stamens 5, alternate petals, fila- FU); same locality, 18 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8629 ments ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, anthers ca. 1.8 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, same date, T. Yahara et al. V8655 [fr.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1807 m elev., mm long, 2-locular; disc oblate, ca. 1.1 mm tall, 12°11′28.2″N, 108°42′46.8″E, 27 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et 10-grooved (grooves formed by pressure of al. V4487 [ster.] (DLU, FU, VNM). 2-celled anthers in bud), dark dull red in vivo, gla- brous; style 1.8–2 mm long, glabrous, stigma flat. Immature fruits ellipsoid, ca. 1.6 cm long, ca. 0.9 Cornaceae cm in diam., glabrous; disc persistent, well ex- posed; calyx and style persistent, calyx rim ca. Mastixia hongiaoensis Tagane & Cuong, 1.8 mm tall, pistil ca. 3 mm long. sp. nov. —Fig. 3. Mastixia hongiaoensis is distinguished from all the other Distribution. Vietnam (known only from Hon species of Mastixia by its leathery, glabrous revolute Giao in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). leaves, and 5-merous flowers with dark dull red to dull grayish green petals. Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, lected in December, fruiting specimens in April. 1,643 m elev., 12°11′14.73″N, 108°42′55.46″E, 22 Dec. 2018, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, K. Tsuchiya, Q.T. Cuong Note. Three taxa of Mastixia are in Bidoup- V9610 [fl.] (holo- KYO!; iso- DLU, KAG). Nui Ba National Park: M. eugenioides K. M. Mat- 206 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 3. Mastixia hongiaoensis Tagane & Cuong. A: Flowering branch. B: Lower leaf surface. C: Side view of inflorescence. D: Top view of inflorescences. E: Flower. F: Flowers after anthesis, corolla fallen. G: Portion of inflorescence showing calyx and bracteoles. H; Young fruit. I: Fruiting branch. J: Fruit. Photographs A–H from Tagane et al. V9610 taken on 22 Dec. 2018; I & J from Yahara et al. V9764 taken on 20 Apr. 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 207
Fig. 4. Daphniphyllum hongiaoense Yahara & Tagane. A: Branch with staminate inflorescences. B: Lower leaf surface. C: Branch with pistillate inflorescence. D: Branch with young fruits. E: Apex of branch. F: Portion of staminate inflorescence showing stamens. G: Portion of pistillate inflorescence. H: Young fruits with persistent bilobed stigma at apex. Photographs A, B, E & F from Yahara et al. V8669 taken on 19 June 2018; C & G from Yahara et al. V8550 taken on 17 June 2018; D & H from Tagane et al. V9340 on 24 Sept. 2018; A, B, D–F & H taken by Shuichiro Tagane; C & G taken by Ai Nagahama. 208 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 thew, Mastixia pentandra Blume subsp. cambo- long, apex acute; stamens 6–9 per flower; fila- diana (Pierre) K. M. Matthew and M. hongiaoen- ments ca. 2 mm long, anthers ca. 1.1 mm long; sis. Mastixia pentandra subsp. cambodiana is pedicels ca. 4 mm long. Pistillate inflorescence widely distributed in the park, M. eugenioides racemose with subumbels of up to 12 flowers at and M. hongiaoensis are restricted to Mt. Lang- apex, 1.1–4.2 cm long (4.6–8.7 cm at maturity of bian and Hon Giao, respectively. fruit), in axils of leaves. Pistillate flowers green;
Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam calyx lobes absent; ovary ovoid, ca. 1 mm long, Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, without staminodes; style erect, ca. 1 mm long; in wet evergreen forest, 1,666 m, 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′ stigma bilobed, recurved; pedicel 1.8–3 mm long. 51.0″E, 20 Apr. 2019, T. Yahara et al. V9764 [fr.] (DLU, Young drupe ellipsoid, 3 mm long, blackish gray, FU, KAG); same locality, 17 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. tuberculate, glaucous, with persistent stigma at V8530 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, same date, T. Ya- hara et al. V8568 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, same apex. date, T. Yahara et al. V8677 [ster.] (DLU, FU). Distribution. Vietnam (known only from Hon Giao in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). Daphniphyllaceae Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- Daphniphyllum hongiaoense Yahara & lected in June and young fruits in September. Tagane, sp. nov. —Fig. 4. Daphniphyllum hongiaoense is similar to D. parviflorum Note. Ten taxa including six species and four Quisumb. & Merr. of the Philippines in having leaves less varieties of Daphniphyllum have been recorded than 10 cm long (in adults) and rounded or mucronate at from Vietnam (Hô 2003, Min & Kubitzki 2008). the apex, but differs in having elliptic-oblong leaves (vs. Among them, D. hongiaoense is phenotypically oblong-obovate), longer staminate inflorescences (3.8– similar to D. calycinum Benth. in leaf size and 4.2 cm vs. 1–2.5 cm long), and 5 (rarely 6) calyx lobes in staminate flowers vs( . absent or 2). shape, but D. calycinum differs from D. hon- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui giaoense by the leaves having 8–11 pairs of sec- Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in montane evergreen forest, ondary veins, subsessile anthers and presence of 1666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 17 June 2018, a calyx in pistillate flowers. Daphniphyllum hon- T. Yahara, S. Tagane, M. Zhang, A. Nagahama, K. Tsuchi- giaoense is easily distinguished from all other ya, V.N. Ngoc, H.T. Binh V8550 [pistillate fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!, KAG!). Vietnamese taxa of Daphniphyllum by a combi- nation of the petiole less than 3 cm long, small Trees, to 11 m tall, GBH 35 cm, all parts glabrous. leaves with an elliptic-oblong leaf blade, 2.2–10 × Young twigs drying dark reddish brown, old 0.9–4.3 cm and rounded or mucronate at the apex twigs grayish brown. Leaves simple, clustered at and the fewest secondary veins, 7–9 pairs. apex of twigs; petiole 0.4–2.9 cm long, concave adaxially, rounded abaxially; blade elliptic-ob- Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in long, rarely obovate-oblong or ovate-oblong, 2.2– montane evergreen forest, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 10 × 0.9–4.3 cm, thinly leathery, lustrous and yel- 108°42′51.0″E, 19 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8669 [male lowish green adaxially, light pale green and glau- fl.] (DLU, KAG); same locality, 24 Sept. 2018, S. Tagane cous abaxially, apex rounded, mucronate, base et al. V9340 [young fr.] (DLU, FU, KAG); 1,807 m elev, cuneate, margin entire, recurved, midrib sunken 12°11′28.2″N, 108°42′46.8″E, 23 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et al. V4203 [ster.] (DLU, FU). adaxially, prominent abaxially, secondary veins 7–9 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, tertiary veins reticulate, prominent adaxially. Staminate Icacinaceae inflorescences racemose, with subumbels of up to 7 flowers at apex, 3.8–4.2 cm long, in axils of Platea hongiaoensis Tagane, sp. nov. —Fig. 5. leaves. Staminate flowers light green or yellow- ish; calyx lobes 5, rarely 6, triangular, ca. 0.5 mm Platea hongiaoensis is similar to Platea latifolia Blume, October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 209 but distinguished by its strongly revolute and smaller Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- lamina less than 8.2 cm long (vs. lamina flat and more lected in April and young fruits were collected in than 10 cm long in P. latifolia), greenish lower leaf sur- face (vs. golden brown hairy), fewer secondary veins (5–6 April (but rare) and December. pairs vs. 6–14 pairs), and 1- or 2-flowered pistillate inflo- rescence (vs. 3–5-flowered). Note. Platea is a genus with about six species, Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui distributed from Indochina through Malesia to Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, New Guinea (Sleumer 1971). Only one species, 1,887 m, 12°11′32.16″N, 108°42′41.56″E, 22 Apr. 2019, T. Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komada, H.V. Platea latifolia, is known from Indochina and oc- Thanh V9863 [pistillate fl. & young fr.] (holo- KYO!, iso- curs widely in evergreen forests on hills and in BKF, DLU!, FU!, KAG!, K, P). lower montane forest of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park (e.g. 1,637 m elev., Tagane et al. V9617, FU). Trees, to 12.5 m tall, GBH 70.6 cm. Young twigs On the other hand, Platea hongiaoensis is re- terete, 1.8–2.2 mm in diam., densely covered stricted its distribution in moist evergreen forests with brown stellate scales, soon glabrescent, in Hon Giao. The two species are easily distin- blackish when dry, old twigs blackish, dark gray- guished by the above diagnosis. Platea hon- ish brown or dark reddish brown. Leaves spirally giaoensis is also similar to P. sclerophylla Sleum- arranged; petiole (0.6–)0.8–1.7 cm long, concave er at an elevation of 2,440–2,895 m on Mt. adaxially, terete abaxially, glabrous; blade, coria- Kinabalu (Sleumer 1971). Platea sclerophylla has ceous, strongly recurved, broadly elliptic, ellip- small, coriaceous revolute leaves, but is distin- tic, elliptic-oblong or obovate-elliptic, (1.5–)4.7– guishable by having more secondary veins (6–9 8.2 × (0.8–)3–8.8 cm, drying dark yellowish pairs in P. sclerophylla), more prominent and dis- green or grayish green and lustrous adaxially, tinct tertiary veins on both surfaces, and larger dull brownish yellow abaxially, sparsely covered and more-flowered pistillate inflorescences (pis- with stellate scales when young, soon glabrous on tillate inflorescences (1–)2–3.5 cm long, with both surfaces, apex short acute to rounded, base (1–)2–6 flowers). cuneate, midrib sunken adaxially, prominent ab- axially, secondary veins 5 or 6 pairs, prominent Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam abaxially, tertiary veins finely reticulate, promi- Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, nent on both surfaces. Staminate inflorescences 108°42′41.51.0″E, 17 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8158 not seen. Pistillate inflorescence axillary, 1 or [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,807 m elev., 12°11′ 2-flowered. Pistillate flowers: pedicels 3–4 mm 28.2″N, 108°42′46.8″E, 23 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et al. long, densely covered with brown scales; bracts V4196 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,855 m elev., and bractlets ovate-triangular, ca. 1.8 mm long, 12°10′57.88″N, 108°43′01.88″E, 22 Apr. 2019, T. Yahara et al. V9915 [young fr.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,887 m densely covered with brown stellate scales out- elev., 12°11′32.16″N, 108°42′41.56″E, 26 Dec. 2018, T. side, glabrous inside, margin ciliate, caducous; Yahara et al. V9692 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1891 sepals 5, ovate-triangular, ca. 2 mm, densely cov- m elev., 12°11′38.02″N, 108°42′41.64″E, 27 Feb. 2016, S. ered with brown stellate scales outside, glabrous Tagane et al. V4522 [ster.] (DLU, FU). inside; ovary thick cylindrical, 2.2–4 mm long, 1.5–1.8 mm in diam.; stigma broadly discoid, ca. Lauraceae 2 mm in diam., black when dry. Young fruits el- lipsoid-ovoid, ca. 1.4 cm long, ca. 0.6 cm in diam., Neolitsea bidoupensis Yahara & Tagane, densely covered with stellate scales around basal sp. nov. —Fig. 6A–E. 1/2, sparsely so in upper 1/2, persistent stigma to 3 mm in diam.; fruiting stalk 4 mm long, sepals Neolitsea bidoupensis is similar to N. merrilliana C. K. Allen of Vietnam in having glabrous leaves less than 9.6 persistent. cm long and veinlets finely reticulate and foveolate, but distinguished by its ovate leaves with acuminate leaf apex Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the (vs. elliptic to obovate-elliptic with short acuminate Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). apex), and longer petioles 1–2.2 cm long (vs. 0.8–1 cm 210 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 5. Platea hongiaoensis Tagane. A: Fruiting branch. B: Current year ferruginous twigs (upper 2/3). C: Lower leaf surface. D: Fruit: E: 2-flowered pistillate inflorescence. F: Top view of fruit showing blackish persistent stigma. All photographs from Yahara et al. V9863 taken on 22 April 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. long). forest, 1,807 m elev., 12°11′28.2″N, 108°42′46.8″E, 27 Feb. Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui 2016, S. Tagane, H. Toyama, H. Nagamasu, V.S. Dang, Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in upper montane evergreen V.N. Nguyen, J. Wai V4505 [male fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 211
Fig. 6. Neolitsea bidoupensis Yahara & Tagane (A–E). A: Fruiting branch. B: Lower leaf surface. C: Staminate umbels. D: Sta- minate flower. E: Fruits.Neolitsea hongiaoensis Yahara & Tagane (F–J). F: Branch with pistillate flower. G: Young leaves. H; Portion of lower leaf surface. I & J: Pistillate flowers and buds. Photographs A, B & E from Yahara et al. V9420 taken on 1 Oct. 2018; C from Tagane et al. V4244 taken on 23 Feb. 2016; D from Tagane et al. V4505 taken on 27 Feb. 2016; F–J from Yahara et al. V9714 taken on 26 Dec. 2018; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. 212 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
DLU!, KAG!). lected in February, fruiting in October. Trees, to 9 m tall, GBH 19 cm. Young twigs green Note. Among the species of Neolitsea having in vivo, blackish purple in sicco, glabrous, old lamina less than 10 cm long, N. bidoupensis is twigs grayish brown in sicco. Leaves 4 or 5, sub- similar to N. merrilliana of central Vietnam and verticillate; blade ovate, 4.5–9.6 × 2–5 cm, thinly Hon Ba (V597, V698, V2200, FU) of southern leathery, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acumi- Vietnam. According to a molecular phylogenetic nate, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, midrib tree using MIG-seq (Okabe, in press), however, prominent on both surfaces, basal veins tripli- N. bidoupensis is instead closely related to N. tri- nerved, upper secondary veins 3–5 pairs, promi- plinervia Merr. from Java, which is distinguished nent and distinct on both surfaces, tertiary veins from N. bidoupensis by its oblong-lanceolate scalariform, narrowly spaced, smaller veinlets leaves with an acuminate apex. Neolitsea bi- reticulate and foveolate, distinct on both surfaces; doupensis is also similar to N. reticulata Kos- petiole 1–2.2 cm long, slightly concave adaxially, term. of Thailand in having lamina less than 10 rounded abaxially, glabrous. Staminate umbels cm long, lustrous adaxially, veinlets foveolate 1–3, in leaf axils or on leafless branches, 5-flow- and finely reticulate on both surfaces, but differs ered, subsessile; involucral bracts 4, hemispheri- in its ovate-elliptic lamina (vs. elliptic or elliptic cal, ca. 4 mm long, appressed hairy along mid- oblong), broadly cuneate leaf base (vs. cuneate) vein to glabrescent outside, glabrous inside, with and longer petioles (1–2.2 cm long vs. 0.4–0.9 cm many glands, caducous. Staminate flowers: pedi- long). cel ca. 1.1 mm long, villous; perianth segments 4, ovate to ovate-oblong, 3–4 × 2–2.2 mm, with Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam scattered glands, apex acute, villous on midvein Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, and near base outside, villous near base inside; 108°42′51.0″E, 1 Oct. 2018, S. Tagane et al. V9420 [fr.] fertile stamens 6, 2.4–3 mm long, filaments 1.2– (DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 18 June 2018, T. Yahara 1.5 mm long, hairy, anthers 4-celled, 1.2–1.5 mm et al. V8621 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1763 m elev, long, glabrous, those of 3rd whorl with 2 stipitate 12°11′22.19″N, 108°42′48.65″E, 26 Dec. 2018, T. Yahara glands at base, glands ca. 0.7 mm long; rudimen- et al. V9705 [fl. bud] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,807 m elev., 12°11′28.2″N, 108°42′46.8″E, 23 Feb. 2016, S. tary pistil ca. 2.2 mm long, glabrous, style ca. 1.1 Tagane et al. V4244 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, mm long, glabrous, stigma discoid, ca. 0.6 mm in same date, S. Tagane et al. V4250 [male fl.] (BKF, DLU, diam. Pistillate umbels 1–4, in leaf axils or on FU, K, KAG); same locality, same date, 27 Feb. 2016, S. leafless branches, 3- or 4-flowered, peduncle to Tagane et al. V4516 [pistillate fl.] (DLU, FU). 0.8 mm long, glabrous. Pistillate flowers: pedicels ca. 1.3 mm long, villous; perianth segments 4, Neolitsea hongiaoensis Yahara & Tagane, sp. broadly ovate, 2.5 × 2 mm, villous near base, with nov. —Fig. 6F–J. many gland dots, apex acute; rudimentary sta- mens 2–2.2 mm long, those of 3rd whorl with 2 Neolitsea hongiaoensis is similar to N. cambodiana stipitate glands, glands ca. 0.6 mm long, gla- Lecomte of Cambodia, Laos and China in the densely fer- ruginous-tomentose leaves and stems, but distinguished brous; ovary subglobose, 1 mm in diam., gla- by longer petioles (1.5–2.1 cm long vs. 0.6–1.2(–1.5) cm brous; style ca. 1.1 mm long, glabrous; stigma long in N. cambodiana), triplinerved (vs. penninerved or discoid, ca. 0.3 mm in diam. Fruits globose ca. 8 occasionally subtriplinerved) leaves, glabrous (vs. dense- mm in diam., black when dry, glabrous; fruiting ly ferruginous-tomentose) lateral veins on the lower leaf pedicel ca. 6 mm long; perianth lobes persistent. surface. Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, Distribution. Vietnam (known only from Hon 1,763 m elev., 12°11′22.19″N, 108°42′48.65″E, 26 Dec. Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park) 2018, T. Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, K. Tsuchiya V9714 [pistillate fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!). Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 213
Trees, to 4.5 m tall, GBH to 6.3 cm. Young twigs pa is sister to N. cambodiana. Neolitsea elaeo- densely ferruginous-tomentose. Leaves subverti- carpa is easily distinguished from N. hongiaoen- cillate; petiole 1.5–2.1 cm long, densely ferrugi- sis by smaller lanceolate leaves glabrous on both nous-tomentose; blade ovate-oblong, oblong-el- surfaces. According to the ITS tree of Mitsuyuki liptic, 9–14.5 × 3–5.3 cm, thinly leathery, gla- et al. (2018), the clade that is sister to N. elaeo- brous except margin and midrib, margin and carpa includes N. hongiaoensis (V4208), N. aff. midvein densely ferruginous-tomentose on both umbrosa (T3760), N. alongensis Lecomte (T4432) surfaces when young, later glabrous adaxially, and N. dealbata (R. Br.) Merr. (DQ124277). Ac- apex acuminate, base cuneate, margin entire, cording to the MIG-seq tree (Okabe et al., in midrib prominent on both surfaces, base tripli- prep.), which shows higher resolution than the nerved, with 4 or 5 pairs of lateral veins arising ITS tree, N. aff. umbrosa (T3760) and N. alongen- from above middle of blade, tertiary veins sca- sis (T4432) are placed outside the clade of N. hon- lariform. Pistillate umbels 6 or 7, in leaf axils or giaoensis and N. elaeocarpa. Neolitsea dealbata on leafless branches, sessile, 4- or 5-flowered; in- (DQ124277; Li et al. 2007) is an Australian spe- volucral bracts 4, hemispherical, 3.5–3.8 mm cies with less hairy leaves not ferruginous-to- long, villous or short ferruginous outside except mentose. glabrous on both surfaces to 1 mm from margin, Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam glabrous adaxially, with many glands, caducous Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, at anthesis. Staminate flowers not seen. Pistillate in montane evergreen forest, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, flowers: perianth segments 4, ovate-oblong, ca. 3 108°42′51.0″E, 18 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8618 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 1,807 m elev., 12°11′28.2″N, × 1.5 mm, apex acute, villous outside, glabrous 108°42′46.8″E, 23 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et al. V4208 [ster.] inside; rudimentary stamens 6, filaments 2.5–2.7 (DLU, FU). mm long, glabrous except villous near base, those of 3rd whorl each with 2 stipitate glands at base, glands ca. 0.8 mm long, glabrous; ovary subglo- Nyssaceae bose, villous only near apex; style cylindrical, ca. 1.1 mm long, villous; stigma discoid, ca. 0.6 mm Nyssa bidoupensis Tagane & Yahara, sp. nov. — in diam. Fruits not seen. Fig. 7. Nyssa bidoupensis is distinguished from all other species Distribution. Vietnam (known only from Hon of Nyssa in Asia by a combination of deciduous habit, gla- Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park) brous twigs, leaves and fruits, leaves with 7–9 pairs of secondary veins, peduncles 3.3–6.7 cm long, and sessile drupes 1.8–2.4 cm long. Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui lected in December. Ba National Park: Cong Troi, at edge of evergreen forest, roadside, 1,752 m elev., 12°05′37.3″N, 108°22′38.8″E, 26 Note. According to our unpublished phyloge- June 2018, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, K. Tsuchiya, V.N. netic study of Neolitsea using MIG-Seq (Okabe Ngoc, T.Q Cuong V9097 [fr.] (holo- KYO!, iso- BKF, DLU, FOF!, KAG!). et al. in prep.), N. hongiaoensis is sister to N. el- aeocarpa H. Liou, not to N. cambodiana (H. Trees, deciduous, to 10 m tall, GBH 66.2 cm; Toyama et al. 1656, 4578 and 6305 (FU) from Mt. branches ca. 3.5–5 mm in diam., current year Bokor, Cambodia), although N. cambodiana is re- twigs dark brown or reddish brown when dry, lated to the clade including N. hongiaoensis and glabrous, sparsely lenticellate; old twigs gray or N. elaeocarpa. Neolitsea hongiaoensis (V4208) dark grayish brown. Leaves alternate, crowded was misidentified as N. umbrosa (Nees) Gamble near the end of branches; blade elliptic to ob- in the ITS tree of Mitsuyuki et al. (2018) where N. ovate-elliptic, 7.8–21.5 × 4–9.4 cm, leathery, pale hongiaoensis is sister to N. elaeocarpa, and the green adaxially, dull yellowish green abaxially, clade including N. hongiaoensis and N. elaeocar- covered with minute appressed hairs when young, 214 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 7. Nyssa bidoupensis Tagane & Yahara. A: Fruiting branch. B: Flowering branch. C: Shoot apex showing terminal bud. D: Trunk. E: Lower leaf surface. F: Staminate inflorescence. G: Infructescence. Photographs A, C–E & G fromTagane et al. V9097 taken on 26 June 2018; B & F from Yahara et al. V10064 taken on 24 Apr. 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. soon glabrous on both surfaces, apex short acu- slightly prominent only near base adaxially, minate, acumen to 1 cm long, margin entire revo- prominent abaxially, secondary veins 7–9 pairs, lute when dry, base cuneate, midrib sunken or prominent abaxially, domatia absent, tertiary ad- October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 215
Fig. 8. Nyssa hongiaoensis Tagane & Komada. A: Flowering branch. B: Fruiting branch. C: Current year twigs. D: Young leaves. E: Lower leaf surface. F: Pistillate inflorescence. G: Young pistillate inflorescence with flower buds. H: Pistillate flowers. I: Infructescence. J Fruit and seeds (scale bar = 1 cm). Photographs A, D & F–H from Yahara et al. V9921 taken on 22 Apr. 2019; B & E from Tagane et al. V9416 taken on 1 Oct. 2018; C, I & J from Tagane et al. V9428 taken on 1 Oct. 2018; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. 216 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 axial veins faint, scalariform-reticulate, faintly veys in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, however, visible abaxially; petiole 1.3–3.2 cm long, black- we collected five distinct species of Nyssa: N. bi- ish when dry, glabrous. Staminate inflorescences doupensis, N. bifida, N. hongiaoensis (described globose, 7–8 mm in diam. (not including expand- below), N. javanica and N. sp. (known only from ed stamens), 10–18-flowered; peduncle 1.8–2.5 a single tree and indeterminate due to insufficient cm long, basally terete, slightly flattened toward materials). As noted in the diagnosis above, N. bi- apex, puberulent; bracts distally on peduncle, doupensis is characterized by a combination of ovate-oblong, 1–1.2 mm long, appressed hairy unique traits by which it is clearly distinguished outside, glabrous inside; bracteoles 2, broadly from all other species known from Indochina and ovate, ca. 3 mm long, appressed hairy outside, China. glabrous inside, margin ciliate. Staminate flowers Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam sessile, yellowish green, buds ca. 2 mm long; ca- Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Giang Ly, lyx campanulate, ca. 1 mm long, puberulent, in evergreen forest, 1,460 m elev., 12º11′09.59″N, lobes 4 or 5, broadly triangular, 0.15–0.3 mm 108º40′47.71″E, 21 June 2018, A. Nagahama et al. V8801 [ster.] (DLU, FU); Giang Ly, 1544 m elev., 12°11′14.81″N, long, margin ciliate; corolla light yellowish green, 108°40′24.28″E, 25 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane & J. Wai V4414 glabrous on both surfaces, tube ca. 0.4 mm long, [ster.] (DLU, FU); Cong Troi, in lower montane evergreen lobes 4 or 5, ovate-oblong to oblong, 1.8–2.3 mm forest dominated by Fagaceae, 1,781 m elev., long; stamens 8 or 10, oppositipetalous filaments, 12°05′33.37″N, 108°22′35.62″E, 20 Dec. 2018, T. Yahara ca. 0.6 mm long, alternipetalous filaments 4.2– et al. V9549 [young fl. bud] (DLU, FU); same locality, Cong Troi, 1,866 m elev., 12°06′06.85″N, 108°23′00.32″E, 4.8 mm long, anthers ca. 1.2 mm long. Pistillate 26 June 2018, A. Nagahama et al. V9081 [ster.] (DLU, flowers not seen. Drupes sessile, 1–4 per head, el- FU); same locality, 6 Oct. 2018, S. Tagane et al. V9488 lipsoid, flattened when dry, 1.8–2.4 cm long, 1.2– [ster.] (DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 1,867 m elev., 1.6 cm wide, ca. 7 mm thick, glabrous; persistent 12°06′00.91″N, 108°22′59.28″E, 24 Apr. 2019, T. Yahara calyx ca. 1 mm long; bracteoles 2; peduncle 3.3– et al. V10064 [male fl.] (DALU, FU, KAG); Hon Giao, 1,672 m elev., 12°11′07.8″N, 108°42′57.7″E, 22 Dec. 2018, 6.7 cm long, blackish when dry, glabrous; persis- S. Tagane et al. V9630 [ster.] (DLU, FU). tent bracteoles on peduncle 0–2, narrowly trian- gular, 1.5–2.1 mm long, glabrous. Seeds ellip- soid, flattened, ca. 1.6 cm long, ca. 1 cm wide, ca. Nyssa hongiaoensis Tagane & Komada, sp. nov. 6 mm thick. —Fig. 8. Nyssa hongiaoensis is distinct from all other species of Distribution. Vietnam (Bidoup-Nui Ba Na- Asian Nyssa in its evergreen habit, glabrous twigs and tional Park). leaves, smaller lamina (2–9.8 × 1–4.8 cm in adults), leath- ery leaves and presence of distinct domatia in the abaxial vein axils. Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba lected in April, fruiting in June. National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, 1,855 m elev., 12°10′57.88″N, 108°43′01.88″E, 22 Apr. 2019, T. Ya- Note. The taxonomy of Asian Nyssa has been hara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komada, HV. Thanh confused (Wasscher 1935, 1948, Eyde 1963, V9921 [pistillate fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!, KAG!) Phengklai 1977, 1981, Wen & Stuessy 2003, Qin Trees, evergreen, to 9 m tall, GBH 49.8 cm; & Phengklai 2007, Wang et al. 2012, Tan & Deng branches 2–5 mm in diam., current year twigs 2016; reviewed in the last two references). Qin & blackish when dry, lenticellate, glabrous, old Phengklai (2007) reported seven species from twigs grayish or grayish brown. Leaves alternate, China, but recent morphological and phylogenet- crowded near end of branches; blade obovate-el- ic studies (Wang et al. 2012, Tan & Deng 2016) liptic 6–16.3 × 3.4–7.6 cm in saplings, (2–)4.5–9.8 recognized only three species of Nyssa in China × (1–)2–4.8 cm in adults, coriaceous, brownish, and Vietnam: N. bifida Craib, N. javanica (Blume) lustrous adaxially, grayish brown, glaucous ab- Wangerin and N. sinensis Oliv. In our field sur- axially, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acute to October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 217 rounded, base cuneate, margin entire, revolute T. Yahara et al. V8497 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, when dry, midrib sunken adaxially, prominent same date, T. Yahara et al. V8531 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, same date, T. Yahara et al. V8568 [ster.] (DLU, abaxially, secondary veins 5–8 pairs, sunken ad- FU); same locality, 19 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8684 axially, prominent, with or without domatia in [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, 24 Sep. 2018, S. Tagane each axil abaxially, tertiary veins reticulate, et al. V9341 [young fr.] (DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 1 prominent abaxially; petiole (0.4–)0.8–2.5 cm Oct. 2018, S. Tagane V9416 [fr.] (DLU, FU, KAG); same long, blackish when dry, glabrous. Staminate in- locality, same date, S. Tagane et al. V9428 [fr.] (DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 1,807 m elev., 12°11′28.2″N, florescences not seen. Pistillate inflorescences 108°42′46.8″E, 23 Feb. 2016, S. Tagane et al. V4186 [ster.] heads, 3.3–4.8 cm long, 4–8-flowered; peduncle (DLU, FU, TAI); same locality and date, S. Tagane et al. basally terete, slightly flattened toward apex, gla- V4248 [ster.] (DLU, FU, TAI). brous; bracts caducous, not seen; bracteoles 2, outer one narrowly triangular, 2.8 mm long, apex rounded, inner one depressed ovate, ca. 3 mm Rosaceae long, apex obcordate, glabrous on both surfaces, margin ciliolate. Pistillate flowers sessile, green- Eriobotrya hongiaoensis Yahara & Tagane, sp. ish, ca. 7 mm long; calyx lobes 3, imbricate, nov. —Fig. 9. broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm long, glabrous; corolla Eriobotrya hongiaoensis is distinguished from all other tube cylindrical, ca. 3 mm long, ca. 2.2 mm in species of Eriobotrya in Vietnam and surrounding coun- diam., puberulous outside; corolla lobes 4, ovate- tries by a combination of thickly coriaceous, entire leaves oblong, ca. 2.5 mm long, glabrous, recurved; sta- and densely ferruginous-tomentose inflorescences. Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui minodes 4, filaments ca. 0.7 mm long; sterile an- Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, thers oblong, ca. 0.6 mm long, 2-celled; ovary, 1,887 m elev., 12°11′32.16″N, 108°42′41.56″E, 22 Apr. 1-locular; style ca. 1 mm long; stigma 2-lobed, 2019, T. Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komata, ca. 1.3 mm long. Drupes sessile, 1–4 per head, el- H.V. Thanh V9864 [fl. after anthesis] (holo- KYO!, iso- lipsoid, flattened when dry, 1.5–1.7 cm long, ca. DLU, KAG!). 0.9 cm wide, 5–6 mm thick, glabrous; persistent Trees, to 6.5 m tall, GBH 9.1 cm. Young twigs calyx ca. 0.6 mm long, apical, with 2 bracteoles at densely ferruginous-tomentose, old twigs gray- base. Seeds ellipsoid, laterally flattened, ca. 1.5– ish, glabrescent. Stipules linear, 5–9 × 1–1.3 mm, 1.8 cm long, 0.7–1 cm wide, ca. 5 mm thick, gla- densely ferruginous. Leaves spirally arranged; brous, dark reddish brown when dry. petiole (0.5–)1.7–2.8 cm long, shallowly concave adaxially, rounded abaxially, slightly swollen at Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the base; blade oblong-elliptic, obovate-oblong or Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, rarely ovate-oblong, (4.3–)7.2–19 × (1.6–)3.3–6.1 at 1,600–1,900 m elev.). cm, thickly coriaceous, reddish brown or dark grayish brown adaxially, dull greenish yellow or Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- reddish brown abaxially, ferruginous tomentose lected in April; fruiting in September. when young, later glabrous adaxially, glabrescent abaxially, apex acute to short acuminate, base cu- Note. While N. bidoupensis, N. bifida and N. neate, margin entire, recurved when dry, midrib javanica are widely distributed in Bidoup-Nui Ba sunken adaxially, prominent abaxially, second- National Park at elevations of 1,460–1,900 m, N. ary veins 11–15 pairs, sunken adaxially, promi- hongiaoensis is restricted to Hon Giao where it is nent abaxially, tertiary veins reticulate, slightly locally common in moist evergreen forests at el- prominent abaxially. Inflorescences paniculate, evations of 1,630–1,855 m. terminal, 3.2–9.5 cm long, peduncle 0.8–3.2 cm Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam long, ferruginous-tomentose, bracts linear, 4–6 Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, mm long, densely ferruginous tomentose. Flow- 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 17 June 2018, ers 0.8–1 cm in diam.; pedicels 1–2 mm long, 218 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 9. Eriobotrya hongiaoensis Yahara & Tagane. A: Leafy branch. B: Shoot apex. C: Flowering branch. D: Portion of abax- ial leaf surface. E & F: Flowers. Photographs A & B from Yahara et al. V8593 taken on 18 June 2018; C–F from Yahara et al. V9864 taken on 22 Apr. 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. densely ferruginous tomentose. Hypanthium ob- triangular-ovate, ca. 3 mm long, densely ferrugi- conical, ferruginous tomentose abaxially. Sepals nous tomentose abaxially, apex obtuse. Petals October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 219
Fig. 10. Prunus hongiaoensis Tagane & Yahara. A: Branch with flower buds. B: Portion of abaxial leaf surface showing basal glands. C: Fruiting branch. D: Trunk. E: Inflorescence. F: Infructescence. G. Stipules. H: Side view of flower and flower bud. I: Top view of flower. Photographs A fromTagane et al. V8583 taken on 17 June 2018; B, D, E & G–I from Tagane et al. V8691 taken on 19 June 2018; C & F from Yahara et al. V8540 taken on 24 Sept. 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. 220 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 suborbicular, ca. 3.2 mm long, glabrous, apex ally, yellowish green or pale brown abaxially, gla- emarginate. Stamens 20, filament ca. 3.1 mm brous on both surfaces, apex short acuminate, long, glabrous, anther 1–1.1 mm long. Ovary fer- base cuneate, margin entire, revolute when dry, ruginous tomentose, 5-loculed, with 2 ovules per basal glands 1 or 2 pairs, rarely more, flat or locule; styles 3 or 4, free, basal 1/3 rusty hairy. slightly hollow, midrib sunken adaxially, promi- Fruits and seeds not seen. nent abaxially, secondary veins 6 or 7 pairs, prominent abaxially, tertiary veins scalariform- Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the reticulate, faintly visible on both surfaces. Ra- Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). cemes solitary, mostly at base of young shoots, 1.8–9.6 cm long, with 7–48 flowers per raceme; Phenology. Specimens with flowers just after rachis pubescent; bracts caducous, not seen. anthesis were collected in April. Flowers: pedicels 4–5.6 mm long, pubescent;
Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam Dong bracteoles 1, ovate-triangular, ca. 2.5 mm long, Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet appressed brown hairy outside, glabrous inside, evergreen forest, 1,855 m elev., 12°10′57.88″N, 108°43′01. caducous; hypanthium funnel-shaped, 3.8–4.5 88″E, 22 Apr. 2019, T. Yahara et al. V9912 [fl.] (DLU, FU); mm long, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; se- same locality, 1,666 m, 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 18 pals 5, triangular, ca. 1.3 mm long, appressed June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8593 [ster.] (DLU, FU). brown hairy outside, glabrous inside, margin cili- ate; petals 5, orbicular, ca. 2.8 mm long, white, Prunus hongiaoensis Tagane & Yahara, sp. nov. pubescent outside, glabrous inside, margin cili- —Fig. 10. ate. Stamens 40–46; filaments to 4.2 mm long, Prunus hongiaoensis is clearly distinguished from all white, glabrous; anthers ca. 0.7 mm long, white. other species by a combination of leathery, entire leaves, Ovary subglobose, ca. 1.7 mm in diam., glabrous; 1 or 2 (rarely more) pairs of glands in the axils of the sec- style ca. 1.4 mm long in bud, elongating to 5 mm ondary veins, solitary and simple racemes and glabrous at anthesis; stigma discoid. Infructescences 4.7 ovary and seed coat. Among the species of subgenus Lau- cm long, axis 3.4 cm long, glabrous, grayish rocerasus (Tourn. ex Duh.) Rehder, Prunus hongiaoensis is most similar to Prunus marsupialis Kalkman of the brown. Fruits transversely ellipsoid, flattened, 1.1 Philippines in its entire lamina, 0–2 basal glands, solitary cm long, 1.5 cm in diam., 0.7 cm thick, glabrous; racemes and glabrous seed coat, but differs in having lon- endocarp glabrous; seed coat glabrous; fruiting ger petioles (1.2–1.5 cm vs. 0.5–0.8 cm), glabrous stipules pedicels 2 mm long, glabrous. (vs. hairy on both surfaces), more stamens (40–46 vs. 20– 30(–40)), and glabrous ovary (vs. densely hairy). Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in montane evergreen forest, Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). 1,639 m elev., 12°11′11.25″N, 108°42′54.17″E, 19 June 2018, S. Tagane, T. Yahara, M. Zhang, A. Nagahama, K. Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- Tsuchiya, V.N. Ngoc, H.T. Binh V8691 [fl.] (holo- KYO!, lected in June, fruiting in September. iso- DLU!, FU!, KAG!).
Trees, to 8 m tall, GBH 11.8 cm. Bark pale gray or Note. Prunus hongiaoensis belongs to subge- grayish brown, smooth. Young twigs reddish nus Laurocerasus. According to the revision of brown when dry, glabrous, old twigs grayish Laurocerasus by Kalkman (1965), it is also simi- brown. Stipules linear, 7–16 × 1–1.2 mm, oblique, lar to P. spinulosa Siebold & Zucc. of Japan and glabrous, with a few marginal glands, apex acute, southern China in having leaves without dark margin entire or rarely a few teeth near base. spots abaxially, flat or only slightly hollowed bas- Leaves spirally arranged; petiole 1.2–1.5 cm long, al glands not on the petiole but on the leaf blade, concave adaxially, rounded abaxially; blade solitary and simple racemes, petals distinct from ovate-elliptic, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 5.3–9.2 the sepals, glabrous ovary, and glabrous seed × 2.3–3.9 cm, thinly leathery, pale green adaxi- coat. Prunus hongiaoensis, however, is distin- October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 221 guished from P. spinulosa by its entire leaf mar- long, ca. 1.1 cm long, glabrous; stamens 6, free, gin (vs. undulate, with a few acicular teeth api- equal in length, ca. 1 cm long; filaments oblong- cally from middle to near apex), lamina with 6 or lanceolate, 8 mm long, flattened; anthers 2 mm 7 pairs of secondary veins (vs. 8–14 pairs), and long; disc annular, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., slightly 40–46 stamens (vs. 25–35). The specimens 6-ribbed; ovary 2-locular; ovules 1 per locule, el- V8583, V8691 and V9338 were collected from the lipsoid, 0.5 mm long; style 8 mm long; stigma same tree. capitate, ca. 1 mm in diam.; pedicel 1.5–2 mm
Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam long, glabrous. Fruits not seen. Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in montane evergreen forest, 1,639 m elev., 12°11′11.25″N, Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the 108°42′54.17″E, 17 June 2018, S. Tagane et al. V8583 [fl.] Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park) (BKF, DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 24 Sep. 2018, S. Tagane et al. V9338 [fr.] (DLU, FU, KAG); same locality, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 17 June 2018, Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- T. Yahara et al. V8540 [ster.] (DLU, FU). lected in December.
Note. Three species of Luvunga, L. eleu- Rutaceae therandra (treated as a synonym of L. sarmento- sa in Hô 2003), L. nitida and L. scandens, are Luvunga hongiaoensis Tagane, sp. nov. known from Vietnam (Guillaumin 1946, Hô —Fig. 11. 2003). Among them, L. hongiaoensis is most Luvunga hongiaoensis is similar to L. eleutherandra Dal- similar to L. eleutherandra but easily distin- zell in its elliptic to oblong-elliptic leaflets and free sta- guished by the above diagnosis and from the oth- mens but differs in having smaller leaves (leaflet blades er two by its smaller, thinner leaves (vs. leaf blade 5.6–9.4 cm long, petiole 1.8–3.2 cm long, petiolules 1.5–3 6–24 × 3–7.5 cm, coriaceous) and free stamens mm long vs. leaflets blades more than 8 cm long, petiole (vs. basally connate in L. nitida and basal half 3–3.5 cm long, petiolules 3–5 mm long in L. eleutheran- dra), thinly leathery leaves (vs. leathery), longer petals connate in L. scandens). (ca. 1.1 cm long vs. 0.8 cm long) and 6 stamens (vs. 8). Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, Schisandraceae 1,643 m elev., 12°11′14.73″N, 108°42′55.46″E, 22 Dec. 2018, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, K. Tsuchiya, Q.T. Cuong V9609 [fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, KAG!). Illicium viridiflorum Yahara, A. Nagah. & Tagane, sp. nov. —Fig. 12. Vines, woody, to 10 m long. Young branches yel- lowish green, terete, smooth, glabrous, old twigs Illicium viridiflorum is characterized by its yellowish green flowers less than 1 cm in diam. arising in the axils yellowish brown or grayish brown, with spines. of leaves and on the tree trunk, suborbicular inner tepals, Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate, rarely 1-foliolate; slender peduncle 1.5–2 cm long, stamens 10–15 and car- petiole 1.8–3.2 cm long, glabrous; petiolules 1.5– pels 5–8 per flower. It is most similar to I. oligandrum 3 mm long, glabrous; leaflet blades elliptic to el- Merr. & Chun of China (Guangxi and Hainan) in having liptic-oblong, 5.6–9.4 × 2.4–3.1 cm, thinly leath- fewer than 10 carpels and greenish tepals, but distin- guished by its cauliflorous habit vs( . flowers axillary or ery, dull green adaxially, grayish green abaxially, subterminal only in I. oligandrum), and having longer pe- apex acuminate, base cuneate, margin entire, duncles (1.5–2 cm long vs. 0.9–1.5 cm), more stamens midrib prominent on both surfaces, secondary (10–15 vs. 4–7) and fewer and larger carpels (5–8, 3.5–4.2 veins 5 or 6, faint on both surfaces. Inflorescenc- mm long vs. 8 or 9, 2.5–3 mm long). es axillary, sessile or short pedunculate, 1–3-flow- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, ered. Flowers bisexual; calyx infundibuliform, 1,600 m elev., 12°10′56.24″N, 108°42′35.64″E, 22 Apr. ca. 3.1 mm long, tube ca. 2 mm long, shallowly 2019, T. Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komada, 3-lobed, margin ciliolate; petals 3 or 4, white, ob- H.V. Thanh V9875 [fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU!, FU!). 222 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 11. Luvunga hongiaoensis Tagane. A: Flowering branch. B: Lower leaflet surface. C: Stem showing short recurved axil- lary spines. D & E: Flowers. F: Inflorescence showing side view of flower, and calyx and gynoecium. All photos from Tagane et al. V9609 taken on 22 Dec. 2019; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane.
Tree, 5 m tall. Young twigs green tinged reddish adaxially, prominent abaxially, secondary veins brown, glabrous, old twigs grayish brown. Leaves 8–10 pairs, slightly prominent adaxially, promi- 4–6-subverticillate; petiole 0.8–1.2 cm long, gla- nent or indistinct abaxially, tertiary veins invisi- brous, sulcate adaxially, rounded abaxially; blade ble. Flower buds subglobose, 0.6 cm in diam. oblong to elliptic-oblong, 8.5–13.7 × 2.7–4.6 cm, Flowers in axils of leaves or cauliflorous; pedun- thinly leathery, dark yellowish green adaxially, cle 1.5–2 cm long, glabrous; tepals yellowish pale creamy brown abaxially, glabrous on both green, 12, basal ones smallest, ovate-triangular, surfaces, apex acuminate, base cuneate, margin 1.5 mm long, inner ones larger, suborbicular, 4–6 entire, slightly revolute when dry, midrib sunken mm long, both surfaces glabrous, margin cili- October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 223
Fig. 12. Illicium viridiflorum Yahara, A. Nagah. & Tagane. A: Leafy branch. B: Lower leaf surface. C: Flowers on the trunk. D: Flower in the axils of leaves. E: Bottom view of flower. F & G: Top view of flowers showing each has 10 and 14 stamens. H: Fruit. Photographs A–G from Yahara et al. V9875 taken on 22 Apr. 2019; H from Tagane et al. V9258 on 28 June 2018; A, B, D, F & H taken by Shuichiro Tagane; C, E & G by Ai Nagahama. 224 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 olate; stamens 10–15, 2.2–2.6 mm long, filament blade elliptic to ovate-oblong, (3–)4.5–7.2 × 1.6– 1.2–1.6 mm long, connectives subtruncate, an- 3.6 cm, coriaceous, dark yellowish green adaxi- thers ca. 1 mm long; carpels 5–8, 3.5–4.2 mm ally, dull greenish yellow abaxially, glabrous and long; ovary ovoid, 1.2–2 mm long, style 1.2–2.2 lustrous on both surfaces, apex acuminate or mm long. Fruits with 5–7 follicles, follicles 6–11 acute, base cuneate, margin entire or shallowly mm long, 4–6 mm wide, ca. 3 mm thick, gla- crenate, revolute when dry, midrib prominent on brous. both surfaces, secondary veins 6–8 pairs, promi- nent on both surfaces, tertiary veins reticulate, Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the prominent on both surfaces. Flowers solitary in Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). leaf axils; pedicel ca. 7 mm long; scales (sterile bracts) on pedicel 3–5, ovate-triangular, 1–1.5 Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- mm long, apex acute, pubescent abaxially, gla- lected in April, fruiting in June. brous adaxially, margin ciliate; bracteoles 2, in- serted just below flower, ovate-triangular, ca. 1.5 Note. Hô (1999) recorded 10 species of Illici- mm long, apex acute, pubescent abaxially, gla- um from Vietnam. Among them, I. viridiflorum is brous adaxially, margin ciliate; calyx cupuliform; similar to I. petelotii A. C. Sm. in having relative- tube ca. 2.2 mm long, appressed pubescent; lobes ly fewer floral parts; 10–13 tepals, 9–14 stamens 5, imbricate, suborbicular, ca. 2.5 mm long, ap- and 4–8 carpels (Smith 1947, Xia & Saunders pressed pubescent near base outside, glabrous in- 2008). Illicium viridiflorum is distinguished from side, margin ciliolate; corolla lobes 5, white, I. petelotii by the cauliflorous habit, greenish te- broadly ovate, ca. 5 mm long, apex rounded; sta- pals (vs. dark purple), and suborbicular inner te- mens ca. 82, basally connate into a tube, adnate pals up to 6 mm long (vs. elliptic to obovate, 6–8 to corolla tube; filaments white, free part 2.5–3.7 mm long). mm long, glabrous, anthers light yellow, ca. 0.6
Additional specimen examined. Vietnam. Khanh mm long; disc annular, ca. 0.2 mm tall, villous, Hoa Province. Khanh Vinh District, Son Thai ranger sta- style ca. 2 mm long, stigma capitate. Drupes nar- tion, in wet evergreen forest near stream, 1,537 m elev., rowly obovoid, ca. 1 cm long; calyx lobes persis- 12°11′55.8″N, 108°43′32.1″E, 28 June 2018, S. Tagane et tent, 2 mm long; fruiting pedicels 8 mm long. al. V9258 [fr.] (DLU, FU). Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the Symplocaceae Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park).
Symplocos hongiaoensis Nagam. & Tagane, Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- sp. nov. —Fig. 13. lected in October, fruiting in December. Symplocos hongiaoensis is similar to S. anomala Brand but distinguished by its solitary flowers vs( . many on sim- Note. The prominent midrib on the upper sur- ple racemes or racemes branched at the base in S. anoma- face is a good diagnostic character for Symplocos la) and shorter style, ca. 2 mm long (vs. 4–7 mm long). hongiaoensis. In Indochina, four additional spe- Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui cies share this character: S. anomala, S. lancifo- Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, 1,666 m elev., 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 1 Oct. 2018, lia, S. lucida (S. theifolia s.str.) and S. wikstro- S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, M. Zhang, K. Tsuchiya, N. Thu, emiifolia (Nooteboom & Vidal 1997). Among C.T. Nguyen V9427 [fl.] (holo- KYO!, iso- DLU, KAG!). them, S. anomala is most similar to S. hongiaoen- Trees, evergreen to 8 m tall, GBH 28.6 cm. Young sis in having relatively smaller, glabrous, lustrous twig reddish brown or dark purplish brown, leaves, persistent bracteoles and scales (sterile slightly angled when young, glabrous except near bracts), and an annular, villous disc. Symplocos shoot apex, old twigs grayish brown. Leaves spi- anomala s.lat. is widely distributed in Japan rally arranged; petiole 6–9 mm long, glabrous; (Okinawa), China (type), Indonesia, Malaysia, October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 225
Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam (Wu & Noot- sheaths 7–9, longitudinally striate, dull yellowish eboom 1996) and includes Symplocos chevalieri brown or pale brown; upper leaf sheath tinged Guillaumin and other forms previously described light purplish red, densely minutely pubescent as species or varieties (Nooteboom & Vidal outside, glabrous inside; ligules 0.7–1.1 cm long, 1977). Symplocos hongiaoensis resembles S. che- apex rounded, indumentum same as leaf sheath valieri Guillaumin, the type specimen of which, except villous near margin; petiole 0.8–1.6 cm A.J.B. Chevalier 38805 (P), was collected on Mt. long, minutely hairy, concave adaxially, rounded Hon Ba at 1,000 m elev. ca. 30 km S of Hon Giao. abaxially; lamina oblong-elliptic, 12–18.7 × 3.6– Symplocos hongiaoensis is distinguished from S. 3.8 cm (smallest uppermost leaves), 26–27.5 × chevalieri by its longer petioles, 6–9 mm long (vs. 4.2–4.8 cm (largest leaves), chartaceous, minute- 3–4.2 mm long in S. chevalieri), solitary flowers ly pubescent on both surfaces, deep green adaxi- (vs. 3–8 flowers on a short raceme), and shorter ally, pale green abaxially, apex long-acuminate to style (ca. 2 mm long vs. 3–5 mm long). caudate, acumen to 1.4 cm long, densely ap-
Additional specimens examined. Vietnam. Lam pressed hairy, base acute to cuneate, margin Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, densely ciliate. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, in montane evergreen forest, 1,763 m elev., 12°11′22.19″N, erect, to 11 cm long, 12-flowered; peduncle 5.5–7 108°42′48.65″E, 26 Dec. 2018, T. Yahara et al. V9701 [fr.] cm long, ca. 2 mm in diam., dark red in vivo, red- (DLU, FU, KAG!); same locality, 1,666 m elev., dish brown in sicco, villous; sheathing bracts of 12°11′12.0″N, 108°42′51.0″E, 17 June 2018, T. Yahara et al. V8491 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, same date, T. inflorescence ca. 8 cm long, caducous; rachis 6.5 Yahara et al. V8548 [ster.] (DLU, FU); same locality, cm long, villous. Floral bracts absent. Bracteoles same date, T. Yahara et al. V8574 [fr.] (DLU, FU). tubular, ca. 2 cm long, 0.8–1 cm in diam., (ovate, 2.4 cm wide when opened and flattened), pubes- cent outside, glabrous inside, apical margin Zingiberaceae densely ciliate. Flowers ca. 5 cm long. Pedicels 2–4 mm long, pubescent. Calyx campanulate, 1.8 Alpinia hongiaoensis Tagane, sp. nov. —Fig. 14. cm long, 0.9 cm in diam. at widest point (oblong- Alpinia hongiaoensis is similar to A. newmanii N. S. Lý obovate, ca. 2 cm wide when opened and flat- from Quang Nai Province, southern Vietnam (Lý 2017), in tened), unequally 3-lobed at apex, lobes oblong- having an erect, racemose inflorescence, absence of bracts and presence of bracteoles and yellow labellum tinged ovate, 0.3–0.5 cm long, pubescent outside, gla- with red in the center, but differs in size, to 70 cm tall brous inside, margin densely ciliate, apex mucro- (vs. 1.7 m in A. newmanii), smaller dark green lamina (26– nate, mucro 0.1–0.2 mm long. Floral tube ca. 1.5 27.5 × 4.2–4.8 cm vs. glaucous green lamina adaxially, cm long, widening gradually toward apex, sparse- 34.7–35.5 × 3.8–4.9 cm) and 1 epigynous gland (vs. 2). ly hairy outside, glabrous inside. Dorsal corolla Typus. Vietnam. Lam Dong Province. Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park: Hon Giao, in wet evergreen forest, lobe oblong, 2.3 × 1.7 cm, concave, white, sparse- 1,637 m, 12°11′09.23″N, 108°42′55.46″E, 22 Apr. 2019, T. ly hairy outside, glabrous inside, margin ciliate, Yahara, S. Tagane, A. Nagahama, N. Komada, H.V. apex cucullate. Lateral corolla lobes 2, oblong- Thanh V9886 [fl.] (holo- KYO, iso- DLU, KAG). elliptic, 2.7 × 1.1–1.2 cm, sparsely hairy outside, Herbs, perennial, 70 cm tall. Rhizome creeping, glabrous inside, margin ciliate, apex slightly cu- distance between neighboring leaf shoots 3.5–4 cullate. Labellum broadly ovate, concave at base, cm, 4 mm in diam., reddish brown or yellowish flattened in upper half, ca. 3 × 2.1 cm when flat- brown, sparsely hairy; rhizome scales broadly tened, light yellow with orangish red center in ovate-triangular, 3–4 mm long, glabrous on both vivo, glabrous, margin slightly deflexed near surfaces. Leafy shoots of mature flowering indi- apex, apex bilobed, lobes ca. 2.5 mm long, apex viduals with 9–11 leaves, basal bladeless sheaths obtuse. Lateral staminodes asymmetric, triangu- 2, 9.2–21.6 cm, longitudinally striate, yellowish lar, ca. 4 × 1 mm, with a few hairs along margin. brown or dark reddish brown, densely minutely Stamens attached to floral tube at angle of ca. 180 pubescent outside, glabrous inside; leaf-bearing degree, curved inward, filament ca. 1 cm long, 226 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71
Fig. 13. Symplocos hongiaoensis Nagam. & Tagane. A: Branch with flower. B: Lower leaf surface, C: Solitary flower. D & E: Flower. F. Flower after anthesis, corolla and stamens dropped. G: Fruiting branch. H: Young fruit. Photographs A–F from Tagane et al. V9427 taken on 1 Oct 2018; G & H from Yahara et al. V9701 taken on 26 Dec. 2018; all taken by Shuichiro Tagane. October 2020 Tagane & al. — Fifteen New Species from Southern Vietnam 227
Fig. 14. Alpinia hongiaoensis Tagane. A: Habit. B: Ligule. C: Portion of lower leaf surface. D: Inflorescence with flower buds. E: Front view of flower. F: Side view of flower. All photographs from Yahara et al. V9886 taken on 22 April 2019; all tak- en by Shuichiro Tagane. sparsely hairy, anther 1.3 cm long, short hairy, stigma funnel-shaped, ca. 1 mm in diam., hairy. thecae as long as anther, ca. 1.1 mm wide, gla- Epigynous gland 1, horseshoe shaped, ca. 2.5 mm brous; anther crests absent. Style ca. 4.2 cm long, long, glabrous. Ovary ellipsoid, 3.5 × 2.5 mm, 228 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. Vol. 71 villous, 3-locular, ovules 7–8 per locule; placen- versity of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park. Bidoup-Nui tation axile. Fruits and seeds not seen. Ba National Park, Dalat (In Vietnamese). Binh, H. T., V. N. Ngoc, S. Tagane, H. Toyama, K. Mase, C. Mitsuyuki, J. S. Strijk, Y. Suyama & T. Yahara. Distribution. Vietnam (known only from the 2018. A taxonomic study of Quercus langbianensis Hon Giao area in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park). complex based on morphology and DNA barcodes of classic and next generation sequences. PhytoKeys 95: Phenology. Flowering specimens were col- 37–70. Chen, S. K., H. Ma, Y. Feng, G. Barriera & P.-A. Loizeau. lected in April. 2008. Aquifoliaceae. In: Wu, Z.-Y., P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.), Flora of China, vol. 11, pp. 359–438. Note. Alpinia hongiaoensis belongs to sub- Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis and Sci- sect. Catimbium (Horan.) R. M. Smith, which ence Press, Beijing. comprises about 34 species. The members are Duy, N. V. & L. V. Averyanov. 2015. Bulbophyllum bi- doupense and Schoenorchis hangianae—new spe- characterized by unbranched inflorescences, cies of orchids (Orchidaceae) from southern Vietnam. bracts absent, bracteoles nearly enclosing the Phytotaxa 213: 113–121. flower buds, calyx split unilaterally, showy label- Eyde, R. H. 1963. Morphological and paleobotanical lum usually over 3 cm long and yellowish orange studies of the Nyssaceae. I. A survey of the modern marked with crimson red, staminodes subulate, species and their fruits. J. Arnold Arbor. 44: 1–59. Guillaumin, A. 1946. Rutaceés. In: Humbert, H. & F. and anther ecristate (Smith 1990). In Vietnam, 12 Gagnepain (eds.) Flore Générale de I’Indo-Chine species of subsect. Catimbium have been report- suppl., pp. 593–657. Masson, Paris. ed (Lý 2017); A. hongiaoensis is the 13th. Hô, P. H. 1999. Cay Co Viet Nam: An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam, vol. 1. Published by the author, Montreal. We are grateful to the president of Dalat University and Hô, P. H. 1999–2003. Cay Co Viet Nam: An Illustrated the director and staff of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park for Flora of Vietnam, vol. 1–3. Published by the author, supporting our botanical inventory in the protected area. Montreal. We also thank Thanh Son Hoang (Silviculture Research Hô, P. H. 2003. Cay Co Viet Nam: An Illustrated Flora of Institute, Vietnam) and Ngoc-Sam Ly (Institution of Vietnam, vol. 2. Published by the author, Montreal. Tropical Biology, Vietnam) for their helpful comments on Kalkman, C. 1965. The Old World species of Prunus species identification, and curators of the herbaria BKF, subg. Laurocerasus including those formerly re- FOF, FU, HNL, KAG, KYO, RAF, TI, TNS and VNM for ferred to Pygeum. Blumea 13: 1–115. permitting us to examine specimens in their care. This Li, L., J. Li, J. G. Conran, X.-W. Li. 2007. Phylogeny of study was supported by the Environment Research and Neolitsea (Lauraceae) inferred from Bayesian analy- Technology Development Fund (S9 & 4-1601) of the Min- sis of nrDNA ITS and ETS sequences. Pl. Syst. Evol. istry of the Environment, Japan, and MEXT/JSPS KAK- 269: 203–221. ENHI (Grant Number JP15H02640). Luu, H. T., H. N. Phan, G. Tran, T. T. D. Ngo, N. L. Dinh & T. M. Ton. 2015. Billolivia kyi (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Vietnam. 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Received November 11, 2019; accepted January 6, 2020