DOCSLIB.ORG

Mississippi Washington Winterville Site Pill

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mississippi Washington Winterville Site Pill Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Mississippi COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Washington INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM ENTRY DATE (Type all entries complete applicable sections) Winterville Site AND/OR HISTORIC: •; ;^.-^^.:^^^-^^^^:;^^^^^ ••:.-^^^^:.^^^^^S^^^+^^S-<^^SS^^~;/SS?. •V.V.W.*X.K-tt*VAV.-Vf.^^^^^^^ CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS ACCESSIBLE (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC Z D District Q Building 1 1 Public Public Acquisition: ["% Occupied Yes: o S Site Q Structure D Private Q In Process r-j Unoccupied 3 Restricted D Object 09 Both Q Being Considered Q preservation work D Unrestricted in progress ' —' ^° u PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) ^fC\\ I In7v>\ [j Agricultural 1 1 Government PC Park [ | Transportation^^ yHlJ Cojkmeitt/^/\ Of. n Commercial D Industrial Q Private Residence |~1 Other (Soec/toP/ PfPrM/rfl V^ H C] Educational D **i "tary |~~1 Reliaious /~^/ ^^ 1 * iy/j ^ 1~1 Entertainment CD ^useum [~] Scientific /"Nj ..^..... ~j ——————-i.r Z ^^^Pi^^M^^§ii;::li| \- OWNER'S NAME: V\ REGISTER , I^Ts^issippi STATE' Mississippi Park Lommission Vxs. ^/ STREET AND NUMBER: ^X/V \\ LU 717 Robert E. Lee Building ^^EEIi^^ CITY OR TOWN: STATE: 1ODF Tackdon ';.!,: ;.!|!!:;:i:!ijii|:.0:.!.!.;?a l^s^jyii^iSfe^^kipSSIS*^ COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: COUNTY:1 Washington County Courthouse Washin STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE t/q r+ O areenville •&- Mississippi 38701 28 pill ^^oFsuRVEY^Archaeo logical Survey ••^^•^^^^^^^^•MiM ENTR ••••••§1940-47 ^^^^^^™ Tl DATE OF SURVEY: 194C 0 -47 D Federal Q State Q County Q Lo" g NUMBERY TO DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: G* Z TJ >eabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology K C en STREET AND NUMBER: "! m \ O \ r~Z CITY OR TOWN: STATE: CODE Cambridge Massachusetts 02134 20 DATE Form 10-300a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Mississippi NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Washington INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Continuation Sheet) (Number all entries) 4. John Bridges East of Old Hwy 1 Winterville, Mississippi 38782 H. B. Crosby % Commercial National Bank Post Office Box 777 Greenville, Mississippi 38701 CIBA Geigy Chemical Corporation Attn: David Austin Post Office Box 186 Winterville, Mississippi 38782 1 NATIONS? REGISTER GP 0 921-724 (Check One) Q Excellent Good Fair Deteriorated Q Ruins Q Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (Check One) Altered Q Unaltered Moved j£] Original Site DESCRIBE TWgL'PRESENT AND ORI GIN Al_ (it known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Winterville is a large Mississitfpian Period ceremonial site. The original site plan was ai/oval formation of temple mounds. The largest mound, which was fifty-five feet high, divided the oval into two plazas. The earliest mention of the Winterville site was made in 1852 by Mr. Tellinghast Ireys, founder of the Washington County Historical Society, who observed sixteen or seventeen well pre­ served mounds. At that time, they had not been cleared of their natural vegetative covering which consisted mostly of cane. Ephraim Squier, an archaeologist of the Smithsonian Institution, noted, in 1860 that all of the mounds were well preserved and re­ marked on their regularity of outline. Evidently much of the site was obscured by vegetation during these earlier visits for Jeffrey Brain recorded twenty-three mounds during his investiga­ tion at the site in 1967. m From what was almost perfect condition in 1860, the site rn deteriorated with considerable erosion of the mounds being caused by cattle and farming operations. In 1939 the City of Greenville acquired forty-two acres of the site or about eighty per cent of its total area. The deed specified that the land would always be used as a park. The TO Greenville Garden Club was given responsibility for park beauti- c. fication and development. In 1960 the park was conveyed to the n Mississippi State Park Commission. A museum and recreational facilities have been constructed and a program of mound restora­ tion and preservation initiated. Unfortunately, the approximately twenty per cent of the site remaining in private possession has been largely destroyed. Mounds, M-R, U, V, and W have either been completely destroyed or consist only of low remnants hardly distinguishable from a distance. ._ ;rv JUN 1 2 1973 H NATIONAL •fe REGISTER PERIOD (Check One or More aa Appropriate) g| Pre-Columbian | D 16th Century D 18th Century 20th Century n 15th Century D 17t" Century n 19th Century SPECIFIC DATE(s) (If Applicable and Known) AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More aa Appropriate) Abor iginal I | Education . Q Politico I II Urban-Planning |C] Prehistoric [~1 Engineering • Q Religion/Phi- D Other (Specify.)! O Historic | | Industry - r \ i lo^ophy I 1 Agriculture I I Invention D Science I | Architecture II Landscape I I Sculpture D Art Architecture I I Social/Human­ I 1 Commerce I | Literature itarian [ | Communications n Military Q Theater I | Conservation D Music I | Transportation STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Winterville Site has been characterized by Dr. Jeffrey Brain, Archaeologist at the Peabody Museum, as representing the zenith of prehistoric developments in that part of the Missis­ sippi Valley. It was here that the initial contact occurred Mississippianization The bulk of mound construction at Winterville is thought to have been accomplished in a fairly short period of time somewhere between 1200-1400 A.D. The absence of any appreci­ able amound of living debris indicated that the site was used primarily as a ceremonial center. Excavations by Dr. Brain in1967 suggested that culture change at Winterville was considerably different from that-£>f- other Mississippian centers in the area. According to him, it was achieved through the religious conversionr of lopal people by a small group of missionaries from Cahokia', the huge Mississippian site near present day St. Louis, Missouri.,,,,, , Ceramic studies indicate that the£nitial occupation at the Winterville Site was of the Plaque^ne Culture, more specifically a component of the Crippen Point phase, and that this settlement represented the northernmost outpost of Plaquemine. The next component at the site was of the Winter­ ville phase, which represents the Cahokian contact. This con­ tact is documented by the presence of Cahokian ceramic types which are said to be totally foreign to the area. Some of the vessels were evidently manufactured at Cahokia and transported directly to Winterville while others were made locally but with definitely new ideas. The Cahokia traits continue in the local ceramics, becoming blended with local traditions. This, toget­ her with the fact that the great majority of mound building was accomplished during the contact period, indicates that the proselytical purpose of the Cahokia people was accomplished. Brain, Jeffrey.?. 1970. Winterville: A Case Study of Prehistoric Cull ture Con- tact in the Lower Mississippi Valley (Phd. di« >serta- tion Yale University, 1969). McCain, William D. and Charlotte Capers eds. 1954. Memoirs of Henry Tellinghast Ireys. Papers of the Wash- ington County Historical Society 1910-1915. 3t ickson, Mississippi. LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES LATITUDE AND LONGIJ-JDE C O_O_RJDJ N A T.ES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY ' 3 DEFINING THc. CtNTER POINT OF A PWOPERTY ROF LES_S THAN TEN ACRES ———————— ———————————————————————— ——————————————————————— | CORNER LATITUDE | LONGITUDE LATITUDE . - ^ Qt«IGITUDE ' D^M^BMMMBMMB|^B^^^^^^^^B^BfiaB^ . Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees ft >inutes Seconds NW i ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 0 i • o v f ; » • •.. ^ x 1 > N f . i APPROXIMATE ACREAGEO^NOMINATED PROPERTY^^H HHHV , • ; A ^ // J->N , |LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR CO^kTX BOUtj^^ljfl •-.x>\ m STATE: CODE COUNTY -~. '^^/A /^ ^ CODE -/ Jfy ^ ^ m STATE: > CODE COUNTY: '^^\ T^Af. J9?1p - CODE \ V , , -*, ^V~*/ ^Af ,=L^*1 STATE: CODE COUNTY: \>' ,\ ^ £"/?" 'X/ CODE fxX STATE: CODE COUNTY: ^ -.' I I P \ \\x^ CODE ^^^^^^i^i^^il^^^^^^^n^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M^^^^^^^^Mmmiillllillllli NAME AND TITLE: Samuel 0. McGahey, Archaeologist n ORGANIZATION DATE Mississippi Department of Archive* FT Hi"«t<vry"' Ma7 3,1 , 1973 STREET AND NUMBER: ' Dost Office Box 571 i ;.;,:. „ .. .L CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Jackson -'•'•''• •'" "« Mississippi 39205 -----28.. •wPSifeSfcra*:^^f^i^mmmmm : wzmmm As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na­ I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion National Register. x-~> in the National Register and certify that it has been f ts / \C ^/ / evaluated according ;to the c-iteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. The recommended Director, Office of Archeology and Hiatorti Preservation level of significance of this nomination is: f . National Qt State D Local Q v ; ' Date //7/ 73 R. A. McLemore ] '•'- ATTEST:, f , /J '~/L/.-.,« . TitieDirector , Miss. Dept. of ld*/l/kt*Zt Archives and History Keeper of/Th/ National Regisger ~~~ n *^ ^ / Date May 31, 1973 Date *MS /A/ t^ ^if •>( I V^ / GPO 931-894 Form 10-300o UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 'Sfilsissippi NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTYWashington . INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM _______ FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRYC-KJ n NUMBER (Continuation Sheet) (Number all entries) 8. The end of the Winterville phase is marked by a large fire. Evidently the mound top structures were ritually cleansed before the fire so it seems to have been peaceful in nature. During the subsequent Deer Cpeek phase, the only surviving traits are of Mis- sissippian culture and acculturation thus seems to have been com­ pleted. The conflagration is interpreted as possibly marking the end of an old cycle and the beginning of a new one. The population is thought to have decreased during the Deer Creek phase and mound building ceased. A possible reason for this slackening of activit) is that people moved out of Winterville" during this time to set up secondary mound centers.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Many-Storied Place
    A Many-storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator Midwest Region National Park Service Omaha, Nebraska 2017 A Many-Storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator 2017 Recommended: {){ Superintendent, Arkansas Post AihV'j Concurred: Associate Regional Director, Cultural Resources, Midwest Region Date Approved: Date Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set. Proverbs 22:28 Words spoken by Regional Director Elbert Cox Arkansas Post National Memorial dedication June 23, 1964 Table of Contents List of Figures vii Introduction 1 1 – Geography and the River 4 2 – The Site in Antiquity and Quapaw Ethnogenesis 38 3 – A French and Spanish Outpost in Colonial America 72 4 – Osotouy and the Changing Native World 115 5 – Arkansas Post from the Louisiana Purchase to the Trail of Tears 141 6 – The River Port from Arkansas Statehood to the Civil War 179 7 – The Village and Environs from Reconstruction to Recent Times 209 Conclusion 237 Appendices 241 1 – Cultural Resource Base Map: Eight exhibits from the Memorial Unit CLR (a) Pre-1673 / Pre-Contact Period Contributing Features (b) 1673-1803 / Colonial and Revolutionary Period Contributing Features (c) 1804-1855 / Settlement and Early Statehood Period Contributing Features (d) 1856-1865 / Civil War Period Contributing Features (e) 1866-1928 / Late 19th and Early 20th Century Period Contributing Features (f) 1929-1963 / Early 20th Century Period
    [Show full text]
  • Households and Changing Use of Space at the Transitional Early Mississippian Austin Site
    University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2019 Households and Changing Use of Space at the Transitional Early Mississippian Austin Site Benjamin Garrett Davis University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Davis, Benjamin Garrett, "Households and Changing Use of Space at the Transitional Early Mississippian Austin Site" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1570. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1570 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOUSEHOLDS AND CHANGING USE OF SPACE AT THE TRANSITIONAL EARLY MISSISSIPPIAN AUSTIN SITE A Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Mississippi by BENJAMIN GARRETT DAVIS May 2019 ABSTRACT The Austin Site (22TU549) is a village site located in Tunica County, Mississippi dating to approximately A.D. 1150-1350, along the transition from the Terminal Late Woodland to the Mississippian period. While Elizabeth Hunt’s (2017) masters thesis concluded that the ceramics at Austin emphasized a Late Woodland persistence, the architecture and use of space at the site had yet to be analyzed. This study examines this architecture and use of space over time at Austin to determine if they display evidence of increasing institutionalized inequality. This included creating a map of Austin based on John Connaway’s original excavation notes, and then analyzing this map within the temporal context of the upper Yazoo Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500)
    The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Master's Theses Fall 2017 A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500) Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Guest, Stephanie Leigh-Ann, "A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500)" (2017). Master's Theses. 315. https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/315 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A MICRODEBITAGE ANALYSIS OF THE WINTERVILLE MOUNDS SITE (22WS500) by Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School, the College of Arts and Letters, and the Department of Anthropology and Sociology at The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts August 2017 A MICRODEBITAGE ANALYSIS OF THE WINTERVILLE MOUNDS SITE (22WS500) by Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest August 2017 Approved by: ________________________________________________ Dr. Homer E. Jackson, Committee Chair Professor, Anthropology and Sociology ________________________________________________ Dr. Marie E. Danforth, Committee Member Professor, Anthropology and Sociology ________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Athens, Georgia
    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 ATHENS, GEORGIA BULLETIN 59 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Meeting Organizer: Edited by: Hosted by: Cover: © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN……………………………………………………...……………………..…... PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………….…..……. LIST OF DONORS……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..……. SPECIAL THANKS………………………………………………………………………………………….….....……….. SEAC AT A GLANCE……………………………………………………………………………………….……….....…. GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE…………………….……………………..…………... PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26…………………………………………………………………………..……. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27……………………………………………………………………………...…...13 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28TH……………………………………………………………….……………....…..21 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29TH…………………………………………………………….…………....…...28 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION ENTRIES…………………………………………………………………..………. ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIA AND PANELS……………………………………………………………..…………….. ABSTRACTS OF WORKSHOPS…………………………………………………………………………...…………….. ABSTRACTS OF SEAC STUDENT AFFAIRS LUNCHEON……………………………………………..…..……….. SEAC LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS FOR 2016…………………….……………….…….…………………. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 ConferenceRooms CLASSIC CENTERFLOOR PLAN 6 73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia EVENT LOCATIONS Baldwin Hall Baldwin Hall 7 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeologists Solve a 40-Year-Old Mystery? 2 Lay of the Land
    INTERPRETING MISSISSIPPIAN ART • CONFRONTING A CONUNDRUM • JEFFERSON’S RETREAT american archaeologyFALL 2005 a quarterly publication of The Archaeological Conservancy Vol. 9 No. 3 MesaMesa VVerde’serde’s ANCIENTANCIENT WAWATERWORKSTERWORKS $3.95 Archaeological Tours led by noted scholars Invites You to Journey Back in Time Jordan (14 days) Libya (20 days) Retrace the route of Nabataean traders Tour fabulous classical cities including Leptis with Dr.Joseph A.Greene,Harvard Magna,Sabratha and Cyrene,as well as the Semitic Museum.We’ll explore pre-Islamic World Heritage caravan city Gadames,with ruins and desert castles,and spend a Sri Lanka (18 days) our scholars.The tour ends with a four-day week in and around Petra visiting its Explore one of the first Buddhist adventure viewing prehistoric art amidst tombs and sanctuaries carved out of kingdoms with Prof.Sudharshan the dunes of the Libyan desert. rose-red sandstone. Seneviratne,U.of Peradeniya. Discover magnificent temples and Ancient Capitals palaces,huge stupas and colorful of China (17 days) rituals as we share the roads Study China’s fabled past with Prof. with elephants and walk in Robert Thorp,Washington U., the footsteps of kings. as we journey from Beijing’s Imperial Palace Ethiopia and Eritrea (19 days) and Suzhou’s exquisite Delve into the intriguing history of gardens to Shanghai.We’ll Africa’s oldest empires with Dr. visit ancient shrines,world-class Mattanyah Zohar,Hebrew U.Visit ancient museums,Xian’s terra-cotta Axumite cities,Lalibela’s famous rock-cut warriors and the spectacular churches,Gondar’s medieval castles,and Longman Buddhist grottoes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Common Field Mississippian Site(23SG100), As Uncovered by the 1979 Mississippi River Flood Richard E
    The Common Field Mississippian Site(23SG100), as Uncovered by the 1979 Mississippi River Flood Richard E. Martens Two of the pictures I took during an early visit to the he Common Field site occurs near the bluffs in the site are shown in Figure 1. The first shows Mound A, the TMississippi River floodplain 3 km south of St. Gen- largest of the six then-existing mounds. The nose of my evieve and approximately 90 km south of St. Louis. It is brand-new 1980 Volkswagen parked on the farm road is a large Mississippian-period site that once had as many as in the lower right corner of the picture. The second photo eight mounds (Bushnell 1914:666). It was long considered shows the outline of a burned house structure typical of to be an unoccupied civic-ceremonial center because very many evident across the site. Although it has been noted few surface artifacts were found. This all changed due that many people visited the site shortly after the flood, I to a flood in December 1979, when the Mississippi River did not meet anyone during several visits in 1980 and 1981. swept across the Common Field site. The resulting erosion I subsequently learned that Dr. Michael O’Brien led removed up to 40 cm of topsoil, exposing: a group of University of Missouri (MU) personnel in a [a] tremendous quantity of archaeological material limited survey and fieldwork activity in the spring of 1980. including ceramic plates, pots and other vessels, articu- The first phase entailed aerial photography (black-and- lated human burials, well defined structural remains white and false-color infrared) of the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippian Architecture: Temporal, Technological, and Spatial Patterning of Structures at the Toqua Site (40M R6) Richard R
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-1985 Mississippian Architecture: Temporal, Technological, and Spatial Patterning of Structures at the Toqua Site (40M R6) Richard R. Polhemus University of Tennessee - Knoxville Recommended Citation Polhemus, Richard R., "Mississippian Architecture: Temporal, Technological, and Spatial Patterning of Structures at the Toqua Site (40M R6). " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1985. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/3320 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Richard R. Polhemus entitled "Mississippian Architecture: Temporal, Technological, and Spatial Patterning of Structures at the Toqua Site (40M R6)." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Charles H. Faulkner, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Gerald F. Schroedl, Jefferson Chapman Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official student records.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Richard R. Polhemus entitled 11Mississippian Architecture: Temporal , Technolog ical, and Spatial Patterning of Structures at the Toqua Site ( 40MR6) •11 I have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts , with a major in Anthropology.
    [Show full text]
  • A Spatial and Elemental Analyses of the Ceramic Assemblage at Mialoquo (40Mr3), an Overhill Cherokee Town in Monroe County, Tennessee
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-2019 COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE Christian Allen University of Tennessee, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Recommended Citation Allen, Christian, "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/5572 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Christian Allen entitled "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Kandace Hollenbach, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Gerald Schroedl, Julie Reed Accepted for the Council: Dixie L.
    [Show full text]
  • Monks Mound—Center of the Universe? by John Mcclarey
    GUEST ESSAY Monks Mound—Center of the universe? By John McClarey hyperbole or a facsimile? I think the case can be made that Monks Mound and the entire Alayout of this ancient metropolis in the H American Bottom near East St. Louis was a facsimile or model of Cahokia’s place in the cosmos, similar to the Black Hills as a “mirror or heaven” or the heart of all that is.” These are good metaphors to describe Cahokia’s center in the three-layer cake concept of the universe—the Underworld, the Earth, and the Sky. Cahokia by the 12th century B.C.E., was the place for people to connect with the spirits of this sacred sphere. In this article I will identify the sacred elements that made this place special to local and non-local populations and the role of the Birdman chiefs, priests, and shamans to interpret this unique place as a center in a larger world. Additionally, I identify the similarities of Cahokia as a a sacred place to other societies at different times and places. My fascination with Cahokia Mounds developed over a period of time with many visits from the early 1970s to the present. Briefly, Cahokia was the largest America city north of Mexico before the coming of the Europeans in the 15th cen- tury. It is believed that Cahokia was a political, religious, and economic center for perhaps as many as 500,000 Indians in the Mississippi Valley. It was a planned city with everything the world and in all religions, but the focus here is on the laid out on the cardinal points on the compass, Monks Cahokia Mounds in southern Illinois and cross culture Mound, the largest mound at the center, served as the official comparisons, Cahokia’s unique story includes the cruciform residence of the Great Sun god or Birdman deity.
    [Show full text]
  • Archeology of the Funeral Mound, Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia
    1.2.^5^-3 rK 'rm ' ^ -*m *~ ^-mt\^ -» V-* ^JT T ^T A . ESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE Clemson Universii akCHEOLOGY of the FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE NATIONAL MONUMENT, GEORGIA TIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 3ERAL JCATK5N r -v-^tfS i> &, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary National Park Service Conrad L. Wirth, Director Ihis publication is one of a series of research studies devoted to specialized topics which have been explored in con- nection with the various areas in the National Park System. It is printed at the Government Printing Office and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price $1 (paper cover) ARCHEOLOGY OF THE FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE National Monument, Georgia By Charles H. Fairbanks with introduction by Frank M. Settler ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR • WASHINGTON 1956 THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM, of which Ocmulgee National Monument is a unit, is dedi- cated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and his- toric heritage of the United States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. Foreword Ocmulgee National Monument stands as a memorial to a way of life practiced in the Southeast over a span of 10,000 years, beginning with the Paleo-Indian hunters and ending with the modern Creeks of the 19th century. Here modern exhibits in the monument museum will enable you to view the panorama of aboriginal development, and here you can enter the restoration of an actual earth lodge and stand where forgotten ceremonies of a great tribe were held.
    [Show full text]
  • Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site Access Road for the Large Central Tract of Land (Area of (United States of America) 54;2 Ha)
    Furthermore, the 1981 map left off a small sliver of land along the eastern boundary of the site, containing the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site access road for the large central tract of land (area of (United States of America) 54;2 ha). This small and narrow strip (0.06 ha) had a different parcel identification number, which led to the No 198 Bis cartographer leaving it off by mistake (modification no. 2). Modification Modification no. 1 does not reduce the actual size of the property. It is merely the correction of a cartographic error 1 Basic data on the original map. Modification no. 2 includes an access road which has always formed part of the property from State Party the outset. The increase in size of the property is only United States of America marginal. Name of property The revision proposal presented in the request for the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site minor modification of boundaries thus accurately reflects the land owned by the State of Illinois when the property Location was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1982. The Collinsville (Illinois), some 13 km north-east of St Louis correction does not change the total area of the property (Missouri) declared at the time of inscription (and does not at the present time concern the additional land acquired by the Inscription State of Illinois since the date of inscription). 1982 As clearly stated, the boundary correction is more an Brief description informational than a substantive issue, as it is the result Cahokia Mounds, some 13 km north of St Louis, Missouri, of a cartographic error.
    [Show full text]
  • National Historic Landmark
    WELCOME TO AZTALAN NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK Indian peoples occupied this area off and on for many years before a new group of Indian people arrived who built the large mounds and other prehistoric features that now characterize Aztalan, a federally-designated National Historic Landmark. The people who inhabited the prehistoric village of Aztalan (ca. A.D. 1100 - 1250) hailed from the major Mississippian town of Cahokia, located near present-day St. Louis. Aztalan is one of Cahokia’s northernmost settlements. Why the people of Aztalan chose this location and why they later abandoned it is unclear. However, the location did provide an important transportation route (with access to Cahokia via the Crawfish, Rock, and Mississippi Rivers) as well as abundant local plant, animal, and other resources. In addition to hunting and gathering, the people grew corn, squash, sunflower and tobacco. Trading with other resident Indian communities also likely occurred. Kenosha PublicKenosha artist: Museum; Rob Evans This vibrant community built ceremonial and burial mounds, houses, stockades, fish weirs, garden beds, and other features. In its heyday, several hundred Indian people called Aztalan home. Aztalan National Historic Landmark SITE MAP The people who built and occupied the prehistoric village of Aztalan N (ca. A.D. 1100 – 1250) replicated major features found at the much W E larger Middle Mississippian site of Cahokia near modern day St. Louis. S 2 An outer stockade with bastions surrounded the 22 acre enclosure, with two additional stockade systems inside the enclosure. It is not known if all of these walls were standing at the same time.
    [Show full text]