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Introduction to the Classical Era

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Introduction to the Classical Era Introduction to the Classical Era Instructions: Read the article “Classical Era Music: A Beginner’s Guide.” If you are using the link, you ​ do NOT have to read the section called “Classical Music Pieces.” The text of the article is below the ​ ​ assignment, along with YouTube links for examples if you wish to hear them. Google Classroom Code = nbovxxs *Note: For each YouTube link, you do not have to listen to the entire song (although if you would like to, ​ ​ feel free!). Just the first minute will give you an example of what the article is talking about. https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/periods-genres/classical/classical-music-beginners-guide/ Once you have read the article, answer the following questions using complete sentences: 1. When did the Classical era begin? ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. Identify the name of the era before the Classical era: _________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. The article describes Classical era music as no longer using “polyphony.” Define the term “polyphony,” and describe what the opposite of polyphony would be: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Describe what you think the article means by a “hummable” melody: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Explain why the piano took over from the harpsichord in the Classical era: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 6. Identify which family of instruments got their own section in an orchestra for the first time, making the orchestra bigger as a result: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Classical era music: a beginner's guide As the Classical period took over in the mid-1700s and the Baroque era was winding down, a few defining characteristics emerged. Where the music of the Baroque period was ordered, efficient and complex, the new sound of the classical period tended to focus on simplifying things a little bit, but also making them bigger. Confused? Let our guide show you which pieces to listen to. Classical Period Sound On a purely musical level, there was simply more to hum along to in the Classical period. Melodies and plain-old good tunes took over from complex polyphony (everything playing at once), and composers like Haydn and Mozart flourished because they were so good at writing them. Just think about how many Mozart tunes you know without realising it - it's all down to the melody. What about Eine Kleine Nachtmusik? ​ ​ https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=o1FSN8_pp_o&feature=emb_logo It's a classic tune from the Classical period. Listen to how the melody sits perfectly on top of the lower strings - it's eminently hummable. When it comes down to it, that's what defined the classical period's sound. It was the first time when melody really became the most important thing to get right. Classical Period Instruments The instruments of the Classical period were constantly changing and evolving as various bright sparks came up with handy innovations and grab ideas, but there are two main developments that we can point to - first, the piano. Previously, the harpsichord's twangy sound was all over the place in the Baroque period, but it gradually became replaced by the piano because of its ability to play much more softly and subtly than the harpsichord. The second major development in sound in the Classical period was the expansion of the orchestra. In the Baroque period you could expect modest strings-only orchestras with occasional woodwind accompaniment and a harpsichord, but as woodwind instruments (clarinet, flute, horns, oboe etc) got better and more versatile, they managed to bag their very own section in a standard orchestra. And with huge numbers of symphonies now being composed, the orchestra started to resemble the orchestras we see in concert halls today. Other developments included the emergence of the string quartet (Haydn was the real pioneer here), but the real meat was coming from the orchestra. Have a listen: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=-hJf4ZffkoI&feature=emb_logo .
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