To Williamsport 30 P and Hagerstown Blue Ridge Summit 116 Culpeper 663 O

16 (Monterey Pass) 116 15 T Gettysburg 29 16 O Boonsboro 65 Washington 40 60 M Monument 494 58 11 418 140 3 95 30 29 A Campaign Site Leitersburg Emmitsburg 610 C Antietam Crossing Manchester 522 Turner’s Gap (Union Encampment) 194 15 R Trent House National 17 the Mason 60 Smithsburg 140 (Pipe Creek I New Kent Driving Route V V E R 33 Court House Battlefield Keedysville 70 Clear Spring 63 and Dixon Cavalry Battle Right Flank) Germanna Wilderness Battlefield E R I 249 15 Taneytown Union Mills Ford Exhibit Shelter R Antietam 40 Hagerstown (Stuart Encampment) Information or Shielding 64 S Station 70 68 77 Thurmont Fredericksburg E Fox’s Gap the Army 140 M 60 ALT Welcome Center Middleburg 27 Seven 97 20 3 A Ferry 40 Battle Of Funkstown (Pipe Creek Left Flank) 617 Pines Williamsport J Hill 806 612 67 Battle of 66 Old Frederick Road 77 Orange Todd’s 895 30 Grove Farm Falling Waters Shepherdstown Wagoners (Loy’s Station) Tavern Spotsylvania Battlefield (C&O Canal NHP Catoctin Furnace 613 60 Union Uniontown Westminster 522 17 Boteler’s Ford Central Tow Path Access Only) 70 Spotsylvania Court House Original Site Heritage League Bridge 31 Campaign Site 15 Jones’ 651 Historic District Massaponax Church 5 Campaign Site 15 612 608 Rumsey Christ Crossroads New Windsor Zion Methodist Church Surrender of Gen. Richard S. Ewell’s Corps Lewistown Guinea Station/ 295 Monument Reformed Braddock 40 Frederick Meade’s 140 Plantations on Driving Route of Battle of 17 Heights Battle of Falling Waters Stonewall Jackson Shrine at Sailor’s Creek, by Alfred R. Waud. Driving Route Church (Original Site) HQ Battle of 40 27 Gordonsville Guinea Station Road Shepherdstown Crampton’s Gap 550 Lt. Col. Charles L. 60 Lee’s Retreat 70 11 65 Boonsboro 31 Meade’s HQ 194 Bowling 64 Y Information or 34 620 669 Chandler rallying the 81 at Turner’s Gap Richfield Bethel Green 60 O 144 Martinsburg 32 208 638 2 Driving Route of R ALT 97 Church 24 Welcome Center Burkittsville 40 Libertytown 15 57th Massachusetts K Moler 355 67 26 613 15 A 60 17 45 605 New Store Wilson-Kautz Raid Crossroads Rose Hill 22 Infantry at Ox Ford, P R Boteler’s Ford Central Maryland 26 Court House 24

Back Door to Monocacy Manor Milford P Redoubt 12 I Heritage League 75 Louisa 1 Complex and 45

V Harpers Ferry National Battlefield Shepherdstown Trevilian Station Station Old Star Hotel May 24, 1864. Painting Clifton O Information or E WEST Amelia Wren Braddock Frederick (Multiple Trails sites) Lee’s Rear 636 M R 17 by Donna Neary. Guard Court Welcome Center Building Heights 207 Double A Gloucester Prospect 70 House Fort 230 Mount Airy 208 653 Bridges Lockett Deatonville Amelia T To Richmond Magruder Point Hall Carmel Appomattox House 360 T O 67 Jefferson New Market Pine Grove Chapel Sykesville 656 Cumberland Church Springs X Lebanon 230 85 67 Church Quarterpath Urbana 340 Battle of Church Yorktown Waterfront WEST High Holt’s 38 R 295 Road Williamsburg 238 (Landon House) 684 Appomattox 671 I R Line 652 Bridge Corner V E Petersburg VIRGINIA 85 99 2 Station 460 Farmville 153 80 460 National Yorktown 340 15 Cooksville 522 North Anna Battlefield Park Jetersville 623 Battlefield 156 Endview CHESAPEAKE Brunswick 40 Marshall’s Lee Hall P O 64 33 Crossroads T O 355 Hanover Junction Cavalry Battle Hillsman Sutherland South Side Buckeystown Park Charlestown Harpers Ferry M R 464 270 Skiffes Creek BAY 15 A C at High Bridge House Station Station National Historical Park I 30 Rice’s Point of Rocks Mangohick Church Namozine 708 Prince George Battle of V 54 Depot 460 360 153 Battle of R 95 Church Court House Lee’s Mill Dam No. 1 340 E Harpers Ferry 355 671 E J V 270 R Burkeville Petersburg I National Historical Park 109 27 97 33 A Warwick R 28 615 Crewe 460 17 47 Ford’s Depot 460 M 340 Pamplin Park Court House H Carrollton Manor Ashland 54 Nelson’s Burkeville Nottoway A Barnesville 15 Civil War Site 95 E O Hyattstown Crossing 360 Junction 156 Young’s Stephenson Depot Monocacy 360 Court House D 108 Five Forks Major General Major General S Mill General Robert E. Lee Aqueduct Yellow Tavern Enon N 671 Unit/PNB 109 (J.E.B. Stuart Church 10 R Causey’s Mill A 28 355 Saint John Bankhead Magruder George Brinton McClellan Brookeville Monument) Haw’s Shop General Ulysses S. Grant Blackstone N 9 Totopotomoy Mark’s Battle of I 15 Meherrin Station Dinwiddie Court House Ream’s E Sugarloaf Mountain

V Creek 40 Store Nottoway H Winchester 270 Gaithersburg Station E The Mariners’ 107 28 250 295 Polegreen Church Black’s and R Museum 64 S P Comus (Summit White’s Station O 7 Charlotte Keysville 1 85 T Poolesville Hall Farm) 49 40 60 Hampton O M Meadow Court House Stony A Monocacy Darnestown Park 59 40 “Battle between the Ironclads” C Leesburg 370 Bridge Old Cold Creek Fort Boykin R River Ford Drakes Fort Monroe I 50 Harbor Crossroads 40 46 619 Bridge 60 VE VIRGINIA 28 360 Branch 95 15 109 81 J A M E Cold Harbor 628 Fort Wool S Hanover Park Kenbridge 40 Monitor- R Edwards 112 15 Rockville 613 Carrington’s Mill (Saxe) St. Luke’s Merrimack Monocacy Aqueduct 17 Ferry 249 47 Sappony Church 360 St. John’s Church Church Congress & Overlook Barnesville Goose Creek RICHMOND 28 Bridge 734 Danieltown Cumberland 15 7 Rowser’s Ford 64 Roanoke Station Mulberry Hill 49 712 Overlook VIRGINIA (Seneca) Long Bridge Upperville R Smoky Double 564 Guilford Signal Station I Staunton River 522 5 Ordinary Bridges 109 V Battlefield State Park Wylliesburgh White’s Ford 190 Mt. Horeb St. John’s Church Middleburg Campaign Site E 60 608 258 10 460 R 609 Church-Skirmish (original site) Mt. Zion Church 360 664 Aldie Mill 360 106 and Cemetery Gosport 606 Herndon Driving Routes of 10 295 1 Navy Yard Front Royal Chase City 138 46 17 7 Wilcox’s 47 619 95 Beallsville 626 Union Army Landing 15 (Christiansville) 58 107 28 Campaign Site 344 264 9 Vienna 92 Emporia 32 66 Driving Routes of 618 49 White’s Ferry Hopewell North 5 Poolesville Bel Air A 1 95 7 28 66 Timothy O’Sullivan photograph P Bend Driving Route 464 Mile Hill 234 Confederate Army P 301 South Boston O M Baylor’s Farm Boyd Tavern 64 of a Union high command meeting A Petersburg 639 460 495 Flowerdew Hundred 58 Loudoun Information or T National Battlefield 36 Information or 58 107 at Massaponax Church. Grant is T Boydton 85 58 Museum O X R I V E R 609 Welcome Center 1 The Confederate army crosses the Welcome Center Clarksville leaning over a church pew confer- Prince George Court House 10 Leesburg 29 into Maryland. Petersburg 17 7 Manassas Junction ring with his commanders. 85 156 301

January 11–March 14 Burnside Expedition, N.C. September 4–19 Antietam Campaign, Va., Md., W.Va. May 4–June 20 Overland Campaign, Va. January 15 Surrender of Fort Fisher, N.C. April 12 Shots fired at Fort Sumter, Charleston, S.C. February 8 Battle of Roanoke Island, N.C. September 14 Battle of South Mountain, Md. May 5–6 Battle of the Wilderness, Va. February 1–April 26 Sherman’s Carolinas Campaign, S.C. and N.C. April 15 President Abraham Lincoln calls for volunteers to suppress “insurrection” March 14 Battle of New Bern, N.C. September 17 , Md. May 8–19 Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, Va. March 19–21 Battle of Bentonville, N.C. April 17 Virginia secedes March 9 Battle of Hampton Roads (Monitor vs.Virginia), Va. December 13 Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. May 1–3 Battle of Chancellorsville, Va. May 31–June 12 Battle of Cold Harbor, Va. April 1 Battle of Five Forks, Va. April 19 Baltimore Riots March 23–June 9 Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign, Va. May 10 Death of Stonewall Jackson, Va. June 15 Siege of Petersburg begins, Va. September 29 Battle of Chaffin’s Farm and April 2–3 Fall of Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Lee’s Retreat Begins, Va. New Market Heights, Va. April 27 Lincoln suspends writ of habeas corpus in parts of Maryland April 4–June 25 Peninsula Campaign, Va. June 9 Battle of Brandy Station, Va. June 30 Battle of the Crater, Va. April 6 Battle of Sailor’s Creek, Va. 1861 June 10 Battle of Big Bethel, Va. June 26–July 1 Seven Days’ Battles, Va. 1863June 10–July 14 Gettysburg Campaign, Va., Md., Pa. June 22–30 Wilson-Kautz Raid, Va. 1865April 9 Robert E. Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House, Va. July 21 First Battle of Manassas, Va. August 8 Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va. July 1–3 Battle of Gettysburg, Pa. June 23–July 12 Early’s Washington Raid, Va. and Md. April 10 Last Confederate Cabinet Meeting, Danville, Va. September 12–17 Federal government arrests “disloyal” Md. legislators August 28–30 Second Battle of Manassas, Va. October 14 Battle of Bristoe Station, Va. May 2–October 19 Shenandoah Valley Campaigns, Va. April 14 John Wilkes Booth assassinates President Abraham Lincoln, flees through Southern Maryland October 21 Battle of Ball’s Bluff, Va. May 15 Battle of New Market, Va. September 19 Third Battle of Winchester, Va. April 26 Gen. Joseph E. Johnston surrenders near Durham, N.C. May 26–June 21 Hunter’s Raid, Va. October 19 Battle of Cedar Creek, Va. April 26 John Wilkes Booth killed near Port Royal, Va. VIRGINIA-MARYLAND 1862 1864 ★★★★★★ WAR IN THE MID-ATLANTIC ★★★★★★ ★★★★THE CIVIL WAR REVISITED ★★★★ Follow this sign to discover How to Use this Map-Guide more than 700 Civil War The Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina sites along ten breathtaking rom the beginning of the Civil War until its end, the proximity of the national capitals in the capital and at Petersburg. The USCTs Contact the following for more travel information and visitor services along the Trails. Civil War Trails programs invite you to explore both well-known and less-familiar trails. Hundreds of sites of Washington, D.C., and Richmond, Virginia, made the Eastern Seaboard a center fought valiantly in several battles, especially sites associated with America’s greatest are accessible to the public of military activity. Union blood was first shed in the Baltimore Riots of April 19, 1861, the Battle of the Crater in Petersburg and VIRGINIA MARYLAND drama. Together, more than 700 places tell for the first time. and some of the last Confederate casualties fell just before Gen. Joseph E. Johnston the Battle of New Market Heights east of the epic and heartfelt stories of civilians Fsurrendered in North Carolina on April 26,1865. During those four years, the earth of Virginia, Virginia Tourism Corporation Roanoke Valley CVB Maryland Office of Carroll Co. Visitor Center Richmond. Fourteen black soldiers received and soldiers who experienced triumph Maryland, and North Carolina became the bloodiest in America, as the war swept through Medals of Honor for their bravery in the 901 East Byrd St. 1-800-635-5535 Tourism Development 1-800-272-1933 and tragedy during the war. again and again. latter engagement. Richmond, VA 23219-4048 www.visitroanokeva.com 217 East Redwood St., 9th Floor www.carrollcountytourism.org This map-guide identifies more than Caught between Virginia, which seceded In mid-1864, Gen. Philip H. Sheridan led 1-800-VISIT VA Shenandoah Co. Tourism Baltimore, MD 21202 Harford Co. Tourism Council 500 sites throughout Virginia and Mary- land. Each site is interpreted and accessi- in April 1861, and Maryland, which was leaning a railroad raid to Trevilian Station, and Gens. www.Virginia.org 1-888-367-3965 1-888-CIVIL WR 1-800-597-2649 www.visitmaryland.org ble and encourages you to explore diverse toward secession, President Abraham Lincoln James H. Wilson and August V. Kautz tore up www.ShenandoahTravel.org www.harfordmd.com BALTIMORE TIDEWATER VIRGINIA settings where America’s destiny was simply had to keep Maryland in the Union. tracks in Southside Virginia but failed to burn Staunton CVB Howard Co. Tourism forged. Entire Trails and regions can be Chesapeake Conventions The National Museum of the Civil War Soldier, Pamplin WESTERN MARYLAND After secessionists fueled the Baltimore Riots the Staunton River Bridge. In the Shenandoah 1-800-342-7982 1-800-288-Trip explored at your own pace, and many WASHINGTON, D.C. & Tourism Historical Park, along the Route of Lee’s Retreat. Allegany Co. Dept. of Tourism by attacking Massachusetts troops en route to Valley, a succession of Union commanders www.staunton.va.us www.visithowardcounty.com sites offer other historical and recreational 1-888-889-5551 1-800-425-2067 Waynesboro opportunities. Enjoy one of the numerous Washington, D.C., Lincoln declared martial law, pressed Confederate forces and laid waste to SOUTHERN MARYLAND www.visitchesapeake.com Visit Fairfax Richmond www.mdmountainside.com walking tours available in many communi- suspended habeas corpus in certain areas, and the “Breadbasket of the Confederacy.” Federal 1-866-253-1957 95 Gloucester Parks, Recreation 1-800-732-4732 1-888-Richmond Garrett Co. Chamber Charles Co. Office of Tourism ties. Solicit the services of an outfitter for imprisoned Maryland Confederates. The state Third Battle of Winchester, September 19, 1864 Gen. David Hunter burned Virginia Military www.waynesboro.va.us & Tourism www.visitfairfax.org www.visit.richmond.com of Commerce 1-800-766-3386 a once-in-a-lifetime adventure through the remained strongly Unionist in the west while Nineteenth-century print by Kurz & Allison Institute in Lexington and then marched on Winchester-Frederick Co. CVB 1-866-Visitus City of Fairfax Spotsylvania Co. 1-888-387-5237 www.VisitCharlesCounty.com scenic and historic countryside. Shop at RICHMOND southeastern Maryland became a secessionist Lynchburg, where Gen. Jubal A. Early turned 1-877-871-1326 www.gloucesterva.info 1-800-545-7950 1-800-654-4118 www.visitdeepcreek.com St. Mary’s Co. Tourism one of hundreds of antique and specialty hotbed of spies and smugglers along the Chesa- him back. Early then marched north through the Valley and attacked the defenses of Washington, www.VisitWinchesterVa.com shops, dine in 19th-century taverns and Hampton CVB www.fairfaxva.gov www.spotsylvania.va.us Hagerstown-Washington Co. 1-800-327-9023 “Attack on the Massachusetts 6th at Baltimore, peake Bay. The state did not secede. D.C. Eventually Gen. Philip H. Sheridan swept the Shenandoah clear of Confederates. In south- Wytheville inns, or simply walk amid the serenity of 1-800-800-2202 Loudoun Co. Stafford Co. Tourism 1-888-257-2600 www.stmarysmd.com/tourism 85 April 19th, 1861” Drawn by William Bomberger In Virginia, Confederate President Jeffer- western Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina, Union cavalry raided saltworks 1-877-347-8307 a preserved battlefield and let the stories and engraved by George E. Perine. www.hamptoncvb.com 1-800-752-6118 1-800-325-2059 www.marylandmemories.com son Davis directed a defensive war at first. and railroads. Gen. William T. Sherman, in the Deep South, first captured Atlanta and then www.VisitWytheville.com EASTERN SHORE you’ve discovered ignite your imagination Newport News CVB www.visitloudoun.org www.TourStaffordVa.com as you envision how now-peaceful land- When U.S. forces marched into northern Vir- marched to the sea, occupying Savannah. Next, the Carolinas, South and North, felt the weight CAPITAL REGION 1-888-493-7386 Mosby Heritage Area Caroline Co. Office of Tourism SOUTHSIDE VIRGINIA scapes were once the scenes of the dead- RALEIGH ginia to attack Manassas Junction in July 1861, the result was a stunning Confederate victory. of Sherman’s boot early in 1865. Fort Fisher, the “Gibraltar of the South” that protected the www.newport-news.org 1-540-687-6681 SHENANDOAH VALLEY Tourism Council of Frederick Co. 1-410-479-0655 liest battles known to man. The Federals fared better along the northeastern coast of North Carolina, which Gen. Am- blockade-running capital of Wilmington, North Carolina, fell in mid-January, cutting the supply & SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA Virginia’s Retreat 1-800-999-3613 www.tourcaroline.com Norfolk CVB www.mosbyheritagearea.org For more detailed travel information, 1-800-6-RETREAT www.fredericktourism.org brose E. Burnside secured despite resistance from Confederate gunboats and land forces. lifeline to Lee in Virginia. Shenandoah Valley Cecil Co. Tourism visit any Virginia, Maryland, or North © 2005 Inc. Trails, Virginia Civil War Brochure Design by Communication Design, Inc., Richmond, VA 1-800-368-3097 www.varetreat.com Gen. George B. McClellan led a massive U.S. army up the Peninsula against Richmond in Grant, meanwhile, forced Lee’s lines west- At Appomattox, Va., on April 9, 1865, Robert E. Lee, CENTRAL VIRGINIA Travel Association Montgomery Co. CVB 1-800-Cecil95 Carolina Welcome Center or local Visitor commanding general of the Army of Northern Virginia, www.norfolk.va.us the spring of 1862, but Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee repulsed it near the city limits in the ward around Petersburg until they finally broke at 1-800-VisitSV Danville Tourism Division 1-800-925-0880 www.seececil.org Center, or contact any of the organiza- surrendered his men to Ulysses S. Grant and the Portsmouth CVB Charlottesville-Albemarle CVB VIRGINIA TRAILS INFORMATION 1-434-793-4636 www.visitmontgomery.com tions listed in this guide. For additional Seven Days’ Battles in June. In the Shenandoah Valley, meanwhile, Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Five Forks on April 1, 1865, a week and a half after Armies of the Potomac and the James. 1-877-386-1103 www.VisitShenandoah.org Dorchester Co. 1-800-Portsva www.visitdanville.com Civil War Trails information, visit Jackson defeated several Union armies before joining Lee at Richmond. Together, the generals Sherman had almost crushed Johnston at Ben- www.SoVeryVirginia.com Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Prince George’s Co. CVB 1-800-522-Tour www.visitportsva.com www.civilwartrails.org. . . marched north and bested another Union force under Gen. John Pope at the Second Battle tonville, North Carolina. Lee evacuated Petersburg Foundation Lynchburg 1-888-925-8300 www.tourdorchester.org Suffolk Div. of Tourism Culpeper 1 888 CIVILWAR of Manassas in August. Lee then invaded Western Maryland, hoping to rally Confederate sup- and Richmond and marched his dwindling army 1-540-740-4545 1-434-845-5966 www.visitprincegeorges.com 1-866-See-Sufk 1-888-Culpeper Kent Co. Tourism Dev. Office www.shenandoahatwar.org www.lynchburgchamber.org www.civilwartrails.org port, resupply his army, and gain foreign recognition for the Confederacy. His hopes were west, hoping to turn south and join Johnston. Grant www.Suffolk-Fun.com www.visitculpeperva.com 1-410-778-0416 South Hill Chamber CENTRAL MARYLAND ★★★ dashed at Antietam Creek on September 17, 1862, the bloodiest day in American history, and blocked his way, however, and cornered him at Fredericksburg Bedford www.kentcounty.com Williamsburg of Commerce Annapolis & Anne Arundel Co. CVB he retreated to Virginia. Appomattox Court House, where Lee surrendered 1-800-678-4748 1-877-Hi-Peaks Queen Anne’s County MARYLAND TRAILS INFORMATION 1-800-368-6511 1-800-524-4347 1-888-302-2852 In 1863, following Lee’s victory at Chancellorsville in May, he again marched north through on April 9. The Confederate government fled south www.visitfred.com www.visitbedford.com Office of Tourism www.VisitWilliamsburg.com www.southhillchamber.com www.visitannapolis.org the Shenandoah Valley, the avenue of invasion. This time he reached Pennsylvania and con- through North Carolina. In Washington, Lincoln Hopewell Front Royal-Warren 410-604-2100 Baltimore Area CVA . . fronted Union Gen. George G. Meade’s army at Gettysburg. Once again the Confederate tide planned for the swift reunion of North and South, NORTHERN VIRGINIA 1-800-863-Tour Visitors Center www.discoverqueenannes.com 1-877-Baltimore 1 888 CIVILWR 1-800-338-2576 was turned back. In Maryland and Virginia, freed and escaped slaves flocked to the Union but John Wilkes Booth altered the path of reconcil- Alexandria CVA www.ci.hopewell.va.us Talbot Co. Office of Tourism www.ci.front-royal.va.us www.baltimore.org www.visitmaryland.org colors and joined regiments of United States Colored Troops (USCTs). Underground Railroad iation on April 14 at Ford’s Theater. The assassin 1-800-388-9119 Orange Co. 1-410-770-8000 Follow these signs ★★★ “conductor” Harriet Tubman led many north to freedom from Maryland’s Eastern Shore. escaped the capital and fled through southeastern www.funside.com 1-540-672-1653 Harrisonburg Tourism www.tourtalbot.org to more than 700 Civil War sites In the spring of 1864, Union commander-in-chief Gen. Ulysses S. Grant launched simultane- Maryland to Virginia, where he was shot and killed www.visitocva.com 1-540-432-8935 Worcester Co. Tourism Arlington CVS in Virginia, Maryland, NORTH CAROLINA TRAILS INFORMATION HarrisonburgTourism.com A detailed exhibit at 1-800-852-0335 ous attacks against the Confederates throughout the South. He accompanied Meade’s army on April 26. On that same day, at Bennett Place near 1-800-677-6267 Petersburg and North Carolina in Virginia during the bloody Overland Campaign battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court Raleigh, North Carolina, Johnston surrendered www.stayarlington.com 1-800-368-3595 Lexington-Rockbridge Co. the National Museum www.visitworcester.org . . House, and Cold Harbor, maneuvering Lee ever closer to Richmond and finally besieging him to Sherman, essentially ending the Civil War. www.petersburg-va.org 1-877-453-9822 of Civil War Medicine, 1 800 VISIT NC www.lexingtonva.com Frederick, Md. Travelers enjoy one of the colorful

Massaponax Church along the Lee vs. Grant Trail. Photography by Mark Mitchell along the Lee vs. Grant Trail. Massaponax Church interpretive markers along the trail. www.visitnc.com