Inventions, Inventors & Years

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Physics Inventions

Invention Inventor Year Air Brake George Westinghouse 1869 Air conditioner Willis Carrier 1902 Air Pressure Evangelista Torricelli/Gasparo Berti 1643 Airplane Wright Brothers 1903 Ammeter Friedrich Dexler 1884 Amplitude Modulation Reginald Fessenden mid-1870s Anemometer Leon Battista Alberti 1450 Anode Rays Eugen Goldstein 1886 Atomic bomb Robert Oppenheimer 1945 Atomic Nucleus Ernest Rutherford 1911 Automobile Karl Benz 1885/1886 Battery Alessandro Volta 1800 Calorimeter Antoine Lavoisier 1782-83 Camera Nicéphore Niépce 1816 Carburetor Enrico Bernardi 1882 Cathode Ray Tube Karl Ferdinand Braun 1897 Celsius Anders Celsius 1742 Cosmic Rays Victor Hess 1912 Diesel Engine Rudolf Diesel 1890 Dynamite Alfred Nobel 1867 Dynamometer Edme Regnier 1798 Electric Generator Michael Faraday 1831-1832

Electric Light Bulb Thomas Edison 1879 Electricity Benjamin Franklin — Electromagnet William Sturgeon 1825 Electromagnetic Michael Faraday 1831 Induction Military Submarine David Bushnell 1775 Fuel Cell William Grove 1839 Galvanometer Johann Schweigger 1820 Gamma Rays Paul Villard 1898-1900 www.practicemock.com 2 [email protected] 011-49032737 Inventions, Inventors & Years Gravity Sir Isaac Newton 1687 Helicopter Igor Sikorsky 1939 Hubble Space Telescope Edwin Hubble 1990 Inclinometer Captain William Abney — Induction Motor Galileo Ferraris 1885 Jet Engine Frank Whittle 1941 Thomas A. Edison and William Kinetoscope 1891 Dickson Large Hadron Collider CERN 2008 Laser Theodore H. Maiman 1960 Laser Printer Gary Starkweather 1971 LCD ILIXCO 1971 LED Nick Holonyak 1962 Machine Gun Hiram Maxim 1884 Magnetic Tape Fritz Pfleumer — Magnetometer Sheldon Breiner – Mercury Thermometer Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1714 Microscope Zacharias Janssen 1590 Mobile Phone Martin Cooper 1973 Neon lamp Georges Claude 1910 Nuclear Reactor Enrico Fermi 1942

Printing Press Johannes Gutenberg — Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Quantum mechanics 1925 Pascual Jordan Radar Sir Robert Watson-Watt 1935 Radio Guglielmo Marconi Railway Engine George Stephenson 1825 Refrigerator Oliver Evans 1805 Rocket Engine Robert H. Goddard 1926 Safety Elevator Elisha Otis 1852 Seismograph Chang Heng 132 A.D Steam engine Thomas Savery 1698 Steam Turbine Charles Parson 1884 Submarine Cornelius Drebbel 17th century Telegraph Samuel Morse 1830s and 1840s Telephone Antonio Meucci 1849 Telescope Hans Lippershey 1608 www.practicemock.com 3 [email protected] 011-49032737 Inventions, Inventors & Years John Logie Baird/Philo Taylor Television 1927 Farnsworth Thermometer Galileo Galilei 1593 Ottó Bláthy, Miksa Déri, Károly Transformer 1885 Zipernowsky

John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and Transistor 1947 William Shockley Typewriter Christopher Latham Sholes 1878 Vernier Caliper Pierre Vernier 1631 Video Games Ralph Baer 1972 Watch Abraham-Louis Perrelet 1770 Wave mechanics Erwin Schrödinger 1926

Chemistry Inventions

Invention Inventor Year Eric Fawcett and Reginald Polythene 1933 Gibson Osmosis Jean Antoine Nollet 1748 Electrons J.J. Thomson 1897 Neutrons James Chadwick 1932 Protons Ernest Rutherford 1920 Inert Gases Sir William Ramsay 1894-1898 Radioactivity Henri Becquerel 1896 Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev 1869 Oxygen Joseph Priestley 1774 Hydrogen Henry Cavendish 1766 Atoms John Dalton 1803 Neon Georges Claude Around 1902 Acid Albert Hofmann 1938 Ionic Bonds Svante August Arrhenius 1884 Covalent Bonds Gilbert Newton Lewis 1916 Charles Martin Hall and Paul L. Aluminum 1886 T. Héroult www.practicemock.com 4 [email protected] 011-49032737 Inventions, Inventors & Years Dynamite Alfred Nobel 1867 pH meter Arnold O. Beckman 1934 Polyvinyl Chloride Eugen Baumann 1872 Synthetic Rubber Fritz Hofmann 1909 Titanium William Gregor 1791 Radium Marie and Pierre Curie 1898

Biology Inventions

Invention Inventor Year 5 kingdom classification Robert H. Whittaker 1969 Allopathy Samuel Hahnemann 1842 Amoeba August Johann Rösel von Rosenhof 1755 Anesthesia Thomas Green Morton 1846 Animal electricity Luigi Galvani — Anthrax Vaccine Louis Pasteur 1881 Aspirin Felix Hoffman 1899 Automated DNA Sequencer Lloyd M. Smith 1987 Bacteria Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1676 BCG Vaccine Albert Calmette and Camille Guerin 1921 Binomial nomenclature Carolus Linnaeus 1707 Blood Group Karl Landsteiner 1900-1901 Calcium Sir Humphry Davy 1808 Cancer Hippocrates — Cell Robert Hooke 1665 Cell Nucleus Robert Brown 1831 Theodor Schwann and Matthias Cell Theory 1830 Jakob Schleiden Chloroplast Konstantin Mereschkowski 1905 Cholera Vaccine Waldemar Haffkine 1892 Chromosomes Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli 1842 CT scan Godfrey Hounsfield & Allan Cormack 1972 DDT Paul Hermann Müller 1939 Rosalind Franklin and Maurice DNA — Wilkins www.practicemock.com 5 [email protected] 011-49032737 Inventions, Inventors & Years DNA Fingerprinting Dr. Alec Jeffreys 1984 James Watson, Francis Crick, DNA Structure Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind 1962 Franklin ECG Willem Einthoven 1903 Enzyme Anselme Payen 1833 Christiaan Barnard, Norman Heart transplantation Shumway and Richard Lower First test tube baby Robert Edward and Patrick Steptoe 1978 Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich J. Genetic code 1961 Matthaei Genetic drift Sewall Wright 1929 Heart Transplantation Dr. Christiaan Barnard 1967

Hepatitis – B Vaccine Pablo DT Valenzuela 1981 Hepatitis B Virus Dr. Baruch Blumberg 1967 HIV Luc Montagnier 1983 Homeopathy Samuel Hahnemann 1796 Wm. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Hormone 1902 Starling Frederick Banting and medical Insulin 1921 student Charles H. Best Jarvik-7 (first artificial heart) Robert Koffler Jarvik 1982 Kidney Dialysis Dr. Willem Kolff 1943 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Raymond Damadian 1977 (MRI) Malaria Parasite Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran 1880 Meiosis Oscar Hertwig 1876 Robert Hooke and Antoni van Microbes 1665 Leeuwenhoek Mitochondria Carl Benda 1898 Mitosis Walther Flemming — Thomas Hunt Morgan and Lilian Mutations — Vaughan Morgan Nucleoplasm van Beneden — Nucleus Robert Brown 1875