International Convention on the Protection of the Rights Of
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UNITED NATIONS CMW International Convention Distr. on the Protection of the GENERAL Rights of All Migrant CMW/C/ECU/1 Workers and Members 24 January 2007 of Their Families ENGLISH Original: SPANISH COMMITTEE ON THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF ALL MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 73 OF THE CONVENTION Initial reports of States parties due in 2004 ECUADOR* * In accordance with the information transmitted to States parties regarding the processing of their reports, the present document was not formally edited before being sent to the United Nations translation services. GE.07-40215 (E) 190407 190407 CMW/C/ECU/1 page 2 CONTENTS Paragraphs Page Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 - 7 7 I. INFORMATION OF A GENERAL NATURE ................................... 8 - 102 8 A. General population and unemployment data .............................. 8 - 16 8 1. Population size and growth ............................................... 8 - 10 8 2. Unemployment .................................................................. 11 - 16 9 B. Quantitative and qualitative information on the characteristics and nature of the migration in which the State party is involved ...................................................................................... 17 - 32 11 1. Migration indicators .......................................................... 17 - 18 11 2. Immigration ....................................................................... 19 - 24 12 3. Emigration ......................................................................... 25 - 32 13 C. Description of the constitutional, legislative, legal and administrative framework governing the implementation of the Convention and of bilateral, regional or multilateral agreements relating to migration ................................................ 33 - 79 15 1. General legislative framework for the protection of human rights ...................................................................... 33 - 70 15 2. Summary of Ecuadorian legislation on migration ............. 71 24 3. Regional agreements on migration .................................... 72 - 75 25 4. Bilateral instruments .......................................................... 76 - 79 26 D. Description of the actual situation as regards the practical implementation of the Convention in the reporting State and the circumstances affecting the fulfilment of the obligations of the reporting State under the Convention ............ 80 - 85 29 E. Information on measures taken by the State party for the dissemination and promotion of the Convention and on cooperation with civil society in order to promote and respect the rights contained in the Convention ........................... 86 - 102 30 CMW/C/ECU/1 page 3 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page II. INFORMATION IN RELATION TO EACH OF THE ARTICLES OF THE CONVENTION ..................................................................... 103 - 442 33 Articles 1 (para. 1) and 7: Non-discrimination ................................... 104 - 107 33 Article 83: Right to an effective remedy ............................................. 108 - 113 34 Article 84: Obligation to implement the provisions of the Convention ........................................................................................... 114 - 118 35 Part III of the Convention: Human rights of all migrant workers and members of their families .............................................................................. 119 - 304 35 Article 8: Right to leave and enter any State, including one’s State of origin ....................................................................................... 119 - 137 35 Article 9: Right to life ......................................................................... 138 - 143 41 Articles 10 and 11: Prohibition of torture; prohibition of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; prohibition of slavery and servitude ............................................................................ 144 - 149 42 Articles 12, 13 and 26: Freedom of expression; freedom of thought, conscience and religion; right to join freely any trade union ............................................................................................ 150 - 164 43 Articles 14 and 15: Prohibition of arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy, family, home, correspondence or other communications; prohibition of arbitrary deprivation of property ......................................................................... 165 - 172 45 Articles 16 (paras. 1-4), 17 and 24: Right to liberty and security of person; protection from arbitrary arrest and detention; recognition as a person before the law ................................ 173 - 188 46 Articles 16 (paras. 5-9), 18 and 19: Right to liberty and security of person and right to procedural guarantees ......................... 189 - 204 48 Article 20: Prohibition of imprisonment, deprivation of authorization of residence and/or work permit and expulsion merely on the ground of failure to fulfil a contractual obligation ........................................................................... 205 - 208 51 CMW/C/ECU/1 page 4 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page Articles 21 and 23: Protection from confiscation and/or destruction of identity and other documents; protection against collective expulsion; right to recourse to consular or diplomatic protection ....................................................................... 209 - 238 51 Articles 25, 27 and 28: Principle of equality of treatment in respect of: remuneration and other conditions of work and terms of employment; social security; and right to receive urgent medical care .............................................................................. 239 - 278 58 Articles 29, 30 and 31: Right of a child of a migrant worker to a name, registration of birth and nationality; access to education on the basis of equality of treatment; respect for the cultural identity of migrant workers and members of their family ........................................................................................... 279 - 293 64 Articles 32 and 33: Right to transfer earnings, savings and personal belongings; right to be informed ............................................ 294 - 304 67 Part IV of the Convention: Other rights of migrant workers and members of their families who are documented or in a regular situation ..................... 305 - 383 69 Article 37: Right to be informed before departure of the conditions of admission in the State of employment and their remunerated activity ..................................................................... 305 - 330 69 Articles 38 and 39: Right to be temporarily absent without effect on authorization to stay or to work; right to liberty of movement in the State of employment and freedom to choose residence there ...................................................................................... 331 - 334 73 Articles 40, 41 and 42: Right to form associations and trade unions; right to participate in public affairs of the State of origin and to vote and stand for election in that State; procedures or institutions taking care of the needs of migrant workers and possible enjoyment of political rights in the State of employment ...................................................................................... 335 - 343 73 Articles 43, 54 and 55: Principle of equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in relation to the issues indicated; equality of treatment with regard to protection against dismissal, unemployment benefits and access to public work schemes and alternative employment; equality of treatment in the exercise of a remunerated activity .......................... 344 - 365 74 CMW/C/ECU/1 page 5 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page Articles 44 and 50: Protection of the unity of the families of migrant workers and reunification of migrant workers with their families; consequences of the death of a migrant worker or dissolution of marriage ........................................................ 366 - 372 78 Articles 45 and 53: Enjoyment of equality of treatment by members of the families of migrant workers in relation to the indicated aspects and measures taken to guarantee integration of children of migrant workers in the local school system; right of members of families of migrant workers freely to choose a remunerated activity .................................. 373 79 Articles 46, 47 and 48: Exemption from import and export duties and taxes in respect of personal effects; right to transfer earnings and savings from the State of employment to the State of origin or any other State; imposition of taxes and avoidance of double taxation ......................................................... 373 - 378 79 Articles 51 and 52: Right of migrant workers who are not permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity to seek alternative employment in case of termination of the remunerated activity for which they were admitted; conditions and restrictions for migrant workers who have the right freely to choose their remunerated activity ............................................................................. 379 - 381 80 Articles 49 and 56: Authorization of residence and authorization to engage in a remunerated activity; general prohibition and conditions of expulsion