Physiographic and Geological Setting of the Colombian Territory
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U-Pb LA-ICP-MS GEOCHRONOLOGY
Boletín de Geología Vol. 32, N° 2, julio-diciembre de 2010 U-Pb LA-ICP-MS GEOCHRONOLOGY AND REGIONAL CORRELATION OF MIDDLE JURASSIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS FROM THE GARZON MASSIF, UPPER MAGDALENA VALLEY AND CENTRAL CORDILLERA, SOUTHERN COLOMBIA Camilo Bustamante1, Agustín Cardona1, Germán Bayona2, Andrés Mora3, Víctor Valencia4, George Gehrels5, Jeff Vervoort6 ABSTRACT New U-Pb zircon geochronology from four granitic units sampled along a southeast-northwest transect between the Garzón Massif and the Serranía de las Minas (Central Cordillera), records a Middle Jurassic magmatic activity with two different spatio-temporal domains at ca. 189 Ma and 180-173 Ma. Reconnaissance data suggest that the four granitoids are characterized by mineralogical and geochemical characteristics akin to a continental magmatic arc setting. The new results suggest that the southern Colombian continental margin includes remnants of tectono- magmatic elements formed by the subduction of the Farallon plate under the South American continental margin. This Middle Jurassic arc magmatism is part of the broader Andean scale arc province, and is significant for understanding the tectonic and paleogeographic scenario that characterized the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Northern Andes. Key words: U-Pb geochronology, Colombia, Jurassic, Intrusive rocks, Garzón Massif, Central Cordillera. GEOCRONOLOGÍA U-Pb LA-ICP-MS Y CORRELACIÓN REGIONAL DE LAS ROCAS INTRUSIVAS DEL JURÁSICO MEDIO DEL MACIZO DE GARZÓN, VALLE SUPERIOR DEL MAGDALENA Y LA CORDILLERA CENTRAL, SUR DE COLOMBIA RESUMEN Se presentan nuevas edades U-Pb en circones de cuatro unidades graníticas muestreadas a lo largo de una transecta SE-NW entre el Macizo de Garzón y la Serranía de las Minas (Cordillera Central), las cuales registran una actividad magmática en el Jurásico Medio en dos dominios espaciales y temporales diferentes: 189 Ma y 180 a 173 Ma. -
Ethnobotany of the Sierra Nevada Del Cocuy-Güicán: Climate Change and Conservation Strategies in the Colombian Andes
Rodríguez et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2018) 14:34 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-018-0227-6 RESEARCH Open Access Ethnobotany of the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy-Güicán: climate change and conservation strategies in the Colombian Andes Mireia Alcántara Rodríguez1 , Andrea Angueyra2, Antoine M. Cleef3 and Tinde Van Andel4,5* Abstract Background: The Sierra Nevada del Cocuy-Güicán in the Colombian Andes is protected as a National Natural Park since 1977 because of its fragile páramo ecosystems, extraordinary biodiversity, high plant endemism, and function as water reservoir. The vegetation on this mountain is threatened by expanding agriculture, deforestation, tourism, and climate change. We present an ethnobotanical inventory among local farmer communities and discuss the effects of vegetation change on the availability of useful plants. Methods: We used 76 semi-structured, 4 in-depth interviews, and 247 botanical collections to record the ethnoflora of the farmers and surveyed from the high Andean forest to the super-páramo, including native and introduced species. We organized 3 participative workshops with local children, high school students, and campesinos’ women to share the data we acquired in the field and empower local plant conservation awareness. Results: We encountered 174 useful plants, most of them native to the area (68%) and almost one third introduced (32%). The Compositae was the most species-rich family, followed by Lamiaceae, Poaceae, and Rosaceae. The majority of plant species were used as medicine, followed by food, firewood, and domestic tools. Local farmers reported declining numbers of páramo species, which were now only found at higher altitudes than before. -
Aeromagnetic Patterns in Southern Uruguay
Aeromagnetic patterns in Southern Uruguay: Precambrian-Mesozoic dyke swarms and Mesozoic rifting structural and tectonic evolution Pablo Demarco, Henri Masquelin, Claudia Prezzi, Tahar Aifa, Rossana Muzio, Judith Loureiro, Elena Peel, Nestor Campal, Leda Sánchez Bettucci To cite this version: Pablo Demarco, Henri Masquelin, Claudia Prezzi, Tahar Aifa, Rossana Muzio, et al.. Aeromagnetic patterns in Southern Uruguay: Precambrian-Mesozoic dyke swarms and Mesozoic rifting structural and tectonic evolution. Tectonophysics, Elsevier, 2020, 789, pp.228373. 10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228373. insu-02878330 HAL Id: insu-02878330 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02878330 Submitted on 23 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Aeromagnetic patterns in Southern Uruguay: Precambrian-Mesozoic dyke swarms and Mesozoic rifting structural and tectonic evolution Pablo Demarco, Henri Masquelin, Claudia Prezzi, Tahar Aifa, Rossana Muzio, Judith Loureiro, Elena Peel, Nestor Campal, Leda Sánchez Bettucci To cite this version: Pablo Demarco, Henri Masquelin, Claudia Prezzi, Tahar Aifa, Rossana Muzio, et al.. Aeromag- netic patterns in Southern Uruguay: Precambrian-Mesozoic dyke swarms and Mesozoic rifting struc- tural and tectonic evolution. Tectonophysics, Elsevier, In press, 10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228373. -
A Global Overview of Protected Areas on the World Heritage List of Particular Importance for Biodiversity
A GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF PROTECTED AREAS ON THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE FOR BIODIVERSITY A contribution to the Global Theme Study of World Heritage Natural Sites Text and Tables compiled by Gemma Smith and Janina Jakubowska Maps compiled by Ian May UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre Cambridge, UK November 2000 Disclaimer: The contents of this report and associated maps do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP-WCMC or contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP-WCMC or contributory organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 1.0 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................1 2.0 ISSUES TO CONSIDER....................................................................................................................................1 3.0 WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?..............................................................................................................................2 4.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................3 5.0 CURRENT WORLD HERITAGE SITES............................................................................................................4 -
Administracion Conservacion Manejo Y Proteccion Del Sistema De Parques Nacionales De Colombia
Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia 1. NOMBRE DEL PROYECTO ADMINISTRACION CONSERVACION MANEJO Y PROTECCION DEL SISTEMA DE PARQUES NACIONALES DE COLOMBIA. Código Bpin: 0024001669999 Fuente: Parques Nacionales. PNN Corales de Profundidad. 2. COHERENCIA DEL PROYECTO FRENTE A: a) Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND): Capítulo IV Sostenibilidad Ambiental y prevención del Riesgo. Gestión Ambiental Integrada y Compartida: Un Enfoque Sectorial para el Desarrollo Sostenible y la Gestión del Riesgo: Biodiversidad y sus Servicios Eco sistémicos b) Plan de Acción del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible: Áreas Protegidas. 3. ANTECEDENTES El presente proyecto se viene ejecutando desde el año de 1996 y su desarrollo le ha permitido a la entidad, entre otras acciones: Administrar y hacer presencia institucional en todas las áreas del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales. Realizar labores de protección, control y vigilancia en todas las áreas del Sistema. Definir y aplicar la política de participación social en la conservación. Definir y aplicar metodologías y protocolos para la formulación y puesta en aplicación de los planes de manejo formulados en el 2005. Acompañar y direccionar la formulación de estos planes de manejo en los niveles local y territorial para todas las áreas del Sistema. Formular, actualizar y mejorar los planes de manejo para todas las áreas del Sistema. Iniciar el proceso de implementación de estos planes de manejo. Fortalecer la capacidad del recurso humano y tecnológico de Parques Nacionales Naturales. Definir metodologías y formular el plan estratégico de la entidad, con la amplia participación de todos los funcionarios de los tres niveles de gestión. Comenzar el proceso de armonización y puesta en aplicación del plan estratégico institucional. -
Mapa Geologico Del Departamento De Boyaca
MAPA GEOLOGICO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE BOYACA Memoria explicativa Elaborado por: ANTONIO JOSÉ RODRÍGUEZ PARRA ORLANDO SOLANO SILVA Enero DEL 2000 REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA MINISTERIO DE MINAS Y ENERGÍA INSTITUTO COLOMBIANO DE GEOLOGÍA Y MINERÍA MAPA GEOLOGICO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE BOYACA Memoria explicativa Elaborada por: ANTONIO JOSÉ RODRÍGUEZ PARRA ORLANDO SOLANO SILVA MINISTERIO DE MINAS Y ENERGIA INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN GEOCIENCIAS, MINERIA Y QUIMICA “INGEOMINAS” Enero del 2000 i CONTENIDO RESUMEN .................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCCION.................................................................................................... 2 2. ASPECTOS FISICOS Y SOCIALES DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE BOYACA ......... 3 2.1 LOCALIZACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA Y FISIOGRAFÍA............................................ 3 2.2 HIDROGRAFIA ..................................................................................................... 7 2.3 CLIMA.................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 SUELOS Y VEGETACION .................................................................................... 8 2.5 POBLACION - ACTIVIDAD ECONOMICA ....................................................... 12 2.6 VIAS Y TRANSPORTE....................................................................................... 12 2.7 METODOLOGIA - FUENTES DE INFORMACION ........................................... 13 3. ESTRATIGRAFIA -
A Nomenclator of Diplostephium (Asteraceae: Astereae): a List of Species with Their Synonyms and Distribution by Country
32 LUNDELLIA DECEMBER, 2011 A NOMENCLATOR OF DIPLOSTEPHIUM (ASTERACEAE: ASTEREAE): A LIST OF SPECIES WITH THEIR SYNONYMS AND DISTRIBUTION BY COUNTRY Oscar M. Vargas Integrative Biology and Plant Resources Center, 1 University Station CO930, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 U.S.A Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Abstract: Since the description of Diplostephium by Kunth in 1820, more than 200 Diplostephium taxa have been described. In the absence of a recent revision of the genus, a nomenclator of Diplostephium is provided based on an extensive review of the taxonomic literature, herbarium material, and databases. Here, 111 species recognized in the literature are listed along with their reference citations, types, synonyms, subspecific divisions, and distributions by country. In addition, a list of doubtful names and Diplostephium names now considered to be associated with other taxa is provided. Resumen: Desde la descripcio´n del genero Diplostephium por Kunth en 1820, mas de 200 nombres han sido publicados bajo Diplostephium. En ausencia de un estudio taxono´mico actualizado, se presenta una lista de nombres de Diplostephium basada en una revisio´n extensiva de la literaura taxono´mica, material de herbario y bases de datos. En este estudio se listan las 111 especies reconocidas hasta ahora, incluyendo informacio´n acerca de la publicacio´n de la especie, tipos, sino´nimos, divisio´n subgene´rica y distribuciones por paı´s. Adicionalmente se provee una lista de nombres dudosos y nombres de Diplostephium que se consideran estar asociados con otros taxones. Keywords: Asteraceae, Astereae, Diplostephium, nomenclator. Diplostephium is a genus of small trees, (ROSMARINIFOLIA,FLORIBUNDA,DENTICU- shrubs, and sub-shrubs that range from LATA,RUPESTRIA, and LAVANDULIFOLIA 5 Costa Rica to northern Chile. -
Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia
Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 846 Prepared in coopeTation ·with the lnstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico-MineTas under the auspices of the Government of Colombia and the Agency for International Development) United States DepaTtment of State Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia By EARL M. IRVING GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 846 Prepared in cooperation ·with the lnstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico-Min eras under the auspices of the Government of Colombia and the Agency for International Development) United States Department of State An interpretation of the geologic history of a complex mountain system UNITED STATES GOVERNlVIENT PRINTING OFFICE, vVASHINGTON 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Irving, Earl Montgomery, 1911- Structural evolution of the northernmost Andes, Columbia. (Geological Survey professional paper ; 846) Bibliography: p Includes index. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16:846 1. Geology-Colombia. 2. Geosynclines----Colombia. I. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico Mineras.. II. Title. III. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper ; 846. QE239.175 558.61 74-600149 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $1.30 (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-02553 CONTENTS Page Pasre Abstract ---------------------------------------- -
2 0 Set. 2006 & 0 13 1
I REPUBLICA DE COLOMBIA MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE, VIVIENDA Y DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL UNIDAD ADMINISTRATIVA ESPECIAL DEL SISTEMA DE PARQUES NACIONALES NATURALES 2 0 SET. 2006 resoluciOn numero ( & 0 13 1 ) TOR LA CUAL SE ADOPTAN LAS TARIFAS APLICABLES EN LAS AREAS DEL SISTEMA DE PARQUES NACIONALES NATURALES DE COLOMBIA” La Directora General de la Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales, en uso de sus facultades legales, en especial, las conferidas en los Articulos 24° y 13° numerales 14 y 16 del Decreto 622 de 1977 y el artlculo 19 Numeral 5° del Decreto Ley 216 de 2003 y CONSIDERANDO Que la Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales hace parte de la estructura organica del Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial y se define en el artlculo 19 del Decreto Ley 216 de 2003, como una dependencia con autonomia administrativa y financiera, que tiene a su cargo el manejo y administracion del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales. Que el Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia se encuentra conformado por un conjunto de areas que en consideracion a sus caracterlsticas naturales, culturales e historicas ban sido reservadas en procura de salvaguardar bienes excepcionales del Estado, en beneficios de sus ciudadanos. Que el acceso a las areas que integran el Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia, tanto a nacionales como extranjeros, se encuentra sujeto a las reglas de administracion y uso definidos por la Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales, tal y como se desprende del articulo 13 numeral 14 del Decreto 622 de 1977, Que el articulo 19 del Decreto Ley 216 de 2003 sehala las funciones de la Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales, entre las cuales se encuentra liquidar, cobrar y recaudar conforme a la ley, los derechos, tasas, multas, contribuciones y tarifas que se derivan del uso y aprovechamiento de los bienes y servicios ambientales asociados a las areas del Sistema. -
The Mineral Industry of Colombia in 2013
2013 Minerals Yearbook COLOMBIA U.S. Department of the Interior September 2016 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF COLOMBIA By Susan Wacaster The geology of Colombia encompasses five major structural extraction and output from mines and quarries nonetheless provinces, which are, from east to west, the Amazonian increased by 5.4% to $19.5 billion. Paleoproterozoic continental lithospheric province, the In 2013, the value contributed to the GDP from the Mesoproterozoic Grenvillian continental lithospheric province, exploitation of mines and quarries was about $20.3 billion, the Arquia Neoproterozoic oceanic lithospheric province, the which accounted for 7.7% of the GDP (the same percentage western Cretaceous oceanic lithospheric province, and the as in 2012). Production of mineral fuels, including crude La Guajira Cretaceous oceanic lithospheric province. Colombia petroleum, thorium, and uranium, was valued at $14.7 billion has three well-defined mountain ranges (cordilleras). More compared with $14.1 billion in 2012; production of coal was than 200 emerald deposits and occurrences have been located valued at $3.7 billion compared with $4.0 billion in 2012; in narrow stretches on both sides of the Cordillera Occidental, production of metallic minerals was valued at $1.2 billion which is the easternmost of the mountain ranges. Colombia has compared with $1.3 billion in 2012; and production of been a significant gold-producing country; production has come nonmetallic minerals was valued at $863 million compared from placer, vein, and lode deposits related to porphyry copper with $813 million in 2012. The supply of electricity, gas, and systems. Continental rifting created basins where sediments water contributed about $939 million to the GDP in 2013 rich in organic material became the source of the country’s compared with $930 million in 2012 and accounted for 3.6% of petroleum reserves. -
Topographic Response to Neogene Variations in Slab Geometry, Climate And
Topographic response to Neogene variations in slab geometry, climate and drainage reorganization in the Northern Andes of Colombia Nicolás Pérez-Consuegra1*, Richard F. Ott2, Gregory D. Hoke1, Jorge P. Galve3, Vicente Pérez-Peña3 1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Syracuse University. Syracuse, USA 2. German Centre for Geoscience Research, Potsdam, Germany 3. Departamento de Geodinámica, Universidad de Granada. Granada, Spain *corresponding author. Email: [email protected] This is a non-peer reviewed preprint and has been submitted to Global Planetary Change (Special Issue). Keywords: River capture, surface uplift, knickpoint migration, tropics, biodiversity 1 Abstract The tropical Northern Andes of Colombia are one the world's most biodiverse places, offering an ideal location for unraveling the linkages between the geodynamic forces that build topography and the evolution of the biota that inhabit it. In this study, we utilize geomorphic analysis to characterize the topography of the Western and Central Cordilleras of the Northern Andes. We supplement our topographic analysis with erosion rate estimates based on gauged suspended sediment loads and river incision rates from volcanic sequences. In the northern Central Cordillera, an elevated low-relief surface (2,500m in elevation, ~40x110 km in size) with quasi-uniform lithology and surrounded by knickpoints, indicates a recent increase in rock and surface uplift rate. Whereas the southern segment of the Central Cordillera shows substantially higher local relief and mostly well graded river profiles consistent with longer term uplift-rate stability. We also identify several areas of major drainage reorganization, including captures and divide migrations that are supported by our erosion and incision rate estimates. -
Geology of the Frontino- Morrogacho Gold Mining District and This Work Is Distributed Under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
Boletín Geológico, 48(1), 7-47, 2021 https://doi.org/10.32685/0120-1425/bol. geol.48.1.2021.500 Geology of the Frontino- Morrogacho Gold Mining District and This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. metallogeny of the El Cerro Igneous Received: May 15, 2020 Revised: July 4, 2020 Complex Accepted: December 17, 2020 Published online: July 12, 2021 Geología del Distrito minero aurífero Frontino-Morrogacho y metalogenia del Complejo Ígneo El Cerro Felipe Arrubla-Arango1 and Sergio Silva-Sánchez2 1 Consultant, Bogotá, Colombia 2 Ingetec SAS, Bogotá, Colombia Corresponding author: Sergio Silva-Sánchez, [email protected]; Felipe Arrubla-Arango, [email protected] Abstract The Frontino-Morrogacho gold district is located on the western flank of the Western Cordillera, NW of Antioquia Province. Gold mineralizations in the area are spatially and genetically associated with the cooling of three mid- to late-Miocene age intrusive cen- ters in the form of stocks and dikes (12-9 Ma): Cerro Frontino, La Horqueta and Morrogacho (El Cerro Igneous Complex). These composite magmatic pulses, with ultramafic to intermediate compositions, vary into diorite-, gabbro- and monzonitic-bearing phases. Mineralization in the complex is present as several structurally controlled fault veins, shear-related veins, sheeted quartz extension veins and quartz-carbonate tabular extension veins, with the development of swarms and nests of veins-veinlets, brec- cias and stockworks. Structures range from centimeter-wide individual veinlets to several meter-wide swarms of veins developed within broad mineralized structural corridors, with a metallic signature that consists of Au + Ag + Cu + Zn + Pb + As (± Te ± Bi ± Sb ± Hg ± W) assemblages.