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A Nomenclator of Diplostephium (Asteraceae: Astereae): a List of Species with Their Synonyms and Distribution by Country

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A Nomenclator of Diplostephium (Asteraceae: Astereae): a List of Species with Their Synonyms and Distribution by Country 32 LUNDELLIA DECEMBER, 2011 A NOMENCLATOR OF DIPLOSTEPHIUM (ASTERACEAE: ASTEREAE): A LIST OF SPECIES WITH THEIR SYNONYMS AND DISTRIBUTION BY COUNTRY Oscar M. Vargas Integrative Biology and Plant Resources Center, 1 University Station CO930, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 U.S.A Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Abstract: Since the description of Diplostephium by Kunth in 1820, more than 200 Diplostephium taxa have been described. In the absence of a recent revision of the genus, a nomenclator of Diplostephium is provided based on an extensive review of the taxonomic literature, herbarium material, and databases. Here, 111 species recognized in the literature are listed along with their reference citations, types, synonyms, subspecific divisions, and distributions by country. In addition, a list of doubtful names and Diplostephium names now considered to be associated with other taxa is provided. Resumen: Desde la descripcio´n del genero Diplostephium por Kunth en 1820, mas de 200 nombres han sido publicados bajo Diplostephium. En ausencia de un estudio taxono´mico actualizado, se presenta una lista de nombres de Diplostephium basada en una revisio´n extensiva de la literaura taxono´mica, material de herbario y bases de datos. En este estudio se listan las 111 especies reconocidas hasta ahora, incluyendo informacio´n acerca de la publicacio´n de la especie, tipos, sino´nimos, divisio´n subgene´rica y distribuciones por paı´s. Adicionalmente se provee una lista de nombres dudosos y nombres de Diplostephium que se consideran estar asociados con otros taxones. Keywords: Asteraceae, Astereae, Diplostephium, nomenclator. Diplostephium is a genus of small trees, (ROSMARINIFOLIA,FLORIBUNDA,DENTICU- shrubs, and sub-shrubs that range from LATA,RUPESTRIA, and LAVANDULIFOLIA 5 Costa Rica to northern Chile. Carl Sigis- DIPLOSTEPHIUM) based on leaf and sinflor- mund Kunth published the genus in Nova escence variation. In his second revision Genera et Species Plantarum (1820) with the (1928), Blake recognized 43 species and description of a single species, Diplostephium combined the series RUPESTRIA,FLORIBUN- lavandulifolium Kunth (now Diplostephium DA, and DENTICULATA under RUPESTRIA ericoides (Lam.) Cabrera). The generic name (leaving LAVANDULIFOLIA,ROSMARINIFOLIA, came from the Greek diplos, double, and the and RUPESTRIA). Following Blake, the Span- Greek stefanos, crown, referring to the two- ish botanist Jose´ Cuatrecasas, who largely rowed pappus present on the achenes. After explored the Colombian territory, published the original description, the first authors to more than 90 new taxa in the genus along describe new taxa were Hugh Algernon with two revisions (1943, 1969). In his first Weddell, who described 17 new species in treatment (1943), Cuatrecasas accounted for Chloris Andina (1857) and Georg Hans 64 species and subdivided the genus in two Emmo Wolfgang Hieronymus, who pub- sections based on the stigma form (sect. lished 10 species between 1895 and 1905. EMARGINATUM and BIFIDUM) ignoring the In the twentieth century, Sidney Blake subdivision previously proposed by Blake. In published 28 new taxa and two revisions of his second revision (1969), Cuatrecasas the genus (1922, 1928). In his first treatment studied the 53 Colombian species recognized (1922), Blake subdivided the 40 species at that time and calculated the total number recognized at that time into five series of species to be 90. Additionally, Cuatrecasas LUNDELLIA 14:32–51. 2011 NUMBER 14 VARGAS: DIPLOSTEPHIUM NOMENCLATOR 33 adopted Blake’s 1922 subdivision of the assigned to any series are assigned here). genus into series, omitting the sections he Preliminary data on the phylogeny of the himself previously described (Cuatrecasas genus (Vargas & Madrin˜a´n, data unpub- 1943) and proposed seven new additional lished) suggest the series are not mono- series (CRASSIFOLIA,CORIACEA,HUERTASINA, phyletic, leading to the interpretation of SCHULTZIANA,PHYLICOIDEA,SAXATILIA y the series as artificial subdivisions, which ANACTINOTA) for a total of twelve. This nevertherless are helpful for identifying treatment of the genus was the last effort in species and morphological groups (see publishing a complete study of Diploste- Cuatrecasas 1969, Vargas & Madrin˜a´n phium. Cuatrecasas never explained why he 2006). Authors, books, and journal abbre- eventually preferred using series rather than viations are listed accorded to IPNI, TL-2 sections. Blake, who first described the (Taxonomic Literature, 2nd edition), and stigma types in Diplostephium, concluded BPH-2 (Botanico Periodico Huntianum, that dividing the genus using stigma char- 2nd edition) respectively. Additionally, a acters (as in Cuatresases’ sections) is not list of doubtful names and Diplostephium compatible with a division of the genus names now considered to be associated using foliage and inflorescence traits, and with other taxa is provided in Appendix 1. that the division by series seemed to be the Items capitalized and in bold represent more natural one. It appears that Cuatreca- accepted names, while those in italics sas came to the same conclusion before his represent a synonyms, a nomina nuda, or second revision. a nomina illegitima. Following the extensive work done by Cuatrecasas, four new Colombian species LIST OF ABREVIATIONS have been recently published by Santiago Diaz and collaborators (Dı´az-Piedrahita * : type or series newly assigned in this study. and Restrepo 1994, Dı´az-Piedrahita and Note: designations are made to unas- Mendez-Ramirez 1997, Dı´az-Piedrahita and signed types or series; these do not Morales 2002). Colombia now has 63 represent changes or differences with species described (for a key, see Vargas & previos treatments. Madrin˜a´n 2006), Peru´ 39, Ecuador 26, A: Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum, Venezuela 10, Chile 3, Costa Rica 2, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massa- Bolivia 1. Due to the size of the genus, this chusetts USA. B: Botanischer Garten study is limited to listing the 111 species und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dah- recognized in the literature without evalu- lem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Uni- ating their taxonomic status. This nomen- versita¨t Berlin, Berlin, Germany. BC: clator is the result of the intensive review Institut Bota`nic de Barcelona, Barce- of the published manuscripts, work in lona, Spain. BM: The Natural History herbaria (COL, F, FMB, TEX, US, and Museum, London, England. COL: Her- USM), and information available in differ- bario Nacional Colombiano, Universi- ent databases (cf., IPNI and JSTOR Plant dad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota´, Science). All types deposited in the herbaria Colombia. F: Field Museum of Natural previously mentioned were seen. The list History, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FI: includes information about the biblio- Museo di Storia Naturale, Firenze, Italy. graphical reference of the publication of G: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques the taxa, types with locations and notes, de la Ville de Gene`ve, Gene`ve, Switzer- synonyms, distribution by country, and land. GH: Gray Herbarium, Harvard placement in the subgeneric subdivision University, Cambridge, Massachusetts according to Cuatrecasas’ taxonomic defi- USA. GOET: Universita¨tGo¨ttingen, nition of the series (species not previously Go¨ttingen, Germany. K: Kew Herbari- 34 LUNDELLIA DECEMBER, 2011 um, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, En- I. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. ANACTINOTA gland. LD: Botanical Museum, Lund, Cuatrec., Webbia 24: 190. TYPE: Di- Sweden. LIL: Fundacio´n Miguel Lillo, plostephium anactinotum Wedd. San Miguel de Tucuma´n, Argentina. LP: II. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. CORIACEA Cua- Museo de la Plata, Buenos Aires, trec., Webbia 24: 123. 1969. TYPE: Argentina. M: Botanische Staatssamm- Diplostephium coriaceum Cuatrec. lung Mu¨nchen, Mu¨nchen, Germany. III. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. CRASSIFOLIA MA: Real Jardı´n Bota´nico, Madrid, Cuatrec., Webbia 24: 122. 1969. TYPE: Espan˜a. MEDEL: Universidad Nacional Diplostephium crassifolium Cuatrec. de Colombia - Sede de Medellı´n, IV. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. DENTICULATA Medellı´n, Colombia. MO: Missouri S.F.Blake, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, 24: 69. 1922. TYPE: Diplostephium USA. NY: New York Botanical Garden, ochraceum (Kunth) Nees. Bronx, New York, USA. P: Muse´um V. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. DIPLOSTEPHIUM. National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Diplostephium ser. Lavandulifolia S.F.Blake, France. S: Swedish Museum of Natural Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 24: 69. 1922. History, Stockholm, Sweden. TEX: The TYPE: Diplostephium ericoides (Lam.) University of Texas Herbarium, Austin, Cabrera. Texas, USA. U: National Herbarium of VI. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. FLORIBUNDA the Netherlands, Herbarium Utrecht, S.F.Blake, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. Leiden, Netherlands. UC: University of 24: 69. 1922. TYPE: Diplostephium California, Berkeley, California, USA. floribundum (Benth.) Wedd. UPTC: Herbario de la Universidad VII. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. HUERTASINA Pedago´gica y Tecnolo´gica de Colombia, Cuatrec., Webbia 24: 126. TYPE: Tunja, Colombia. US: United States Diplostephium huertasii Cuatrec. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Insti- VIII. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. PHYLICOIDEA tution, Washington DC, USA. USM: Cuatrec., Webbia 24: 164. TYPE: Dip- Museo de Historia Natural de la Uni- lostephium phylicoides (Kunth) Wedd. versidad Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, IX. DIPLOSTEPHIUM ser. ROSMARINIFOLIA Peru. VALLE: Universidad Nacional de S.F.Blake, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 24: Colombia - Sede Palmira, Palmira, 69. 1922. TYPE: Diplostephium
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