100 Part 213—Track Safety Standards
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Relative Train Length and the Infrastructure Required to Mitigate Delays from Operating Combinations of Normal and Over-Length F
Original Article Proc IMechE Part F: J Rail and Rapid Transit 0(0) 1–12 Relative train length and the ! IMechE 2018 Article reuse guidelines: infrastructure required to mitigate sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/0954409718809204 delays from operating combinations journals.sagepub.com/home/pif of normal and over-length freight trains on single-track railway lines in North America C Tyler Dick , Ivan Atanassov, F Bradford Kippen III and Darkhan Mussanov Abstract Distributed power locomotives have facilitated longer heavy-haul freight trains that improve the efficiency of railway operations. In North America, where the majority of mainlines are single track, the potential operational and economic advantages of long trains are limited by the inadequate length of many existing passing sidings (passing loops). To alleviate the challenge of operating trains that exceed the length of passing sidings, railways preserve the mainline capacity by extending passing sidings. However, industry practitioners rarely optimize the extent of infrastructure investment for the volume of over-length train traffic on a particular route. This paper investigates how different combinations of normal and over-length trains, and their relative lengths, relate to the number of siding extensions necessary to mitigate the delay performance of over-length train operation on a single-track rail corridor. The experiments used Rail Traffic Controller simulation software to determine train delay for various combinations of short and long train lengths under different directional distributions of a given daily railcar throughput volume. Simulation results suggest a relationship between the ratio of train lengths and the infrastructure expansion required to eliminate the delay introduced by operating over- length trains on the initial route. -
216 Part 218—Railroad Operating Practices
Pt. 217, App. A 49 CFR Ch. II (10–1–12 Edition) APPENDIX A TO PART 217—SCHEDULE OF CIVIL PENALTIES 1 Willful viola- Section Violation tion 217.7 Operating rules: (a) ............................................................................................................................................ $2,500 $5,000 (b) ............................................................................................................................................ $2,000 $5,000 (c) ............................................................................................................................................ $2,500 $5,000 217.9 Operational tests and inspections: (a) Failure to implement a program ........................................................................................ $9,500– $13,000– 12,500 16,000 (b) Railroad and railroad testing officer responsibilities:. (1) Failure to provide instruction, examination, or field training, or failure to con- duct tests in accordance with program ................................................................. 9,500 13,000 (2) Records ............................................................................................................... 7,500 11,000 (c) Record of program; program incomplete .......................................................................... 7,500– 11,000– 12,500 16,000 (d) Records of individual tests and inspections ...................................................................... 7,500 (e) Failure to retain copy of or conduct:. (1)(i) Quarterly -
Operation of Points
9100-000-007 Safeworking Rules and Procedures PUBLIC TRANSPORT AUTHORITY SAFEWORKING RULES AND PROCEDURES 9012 OPERATION OF POINTS 9012 Operation of Points Rev1.00 Date: 01 November 15 Page 1 of 18 9100-000-007 Safeworking Rules and Procedures CONTENTS 1. Purpose ................................................................................................................. 3 2. General .................................................................................................................. 3 3. Setting Points ........................................................................................................ 4 3.1. Indications of Points Setting ......................................................................... 4 3.2. Restoration of Points .................................................................................... 4 4. Movement over Points ........................................................................................... 5 4.1. Rail Traffic .................................................................................................... 5 4.2. Competent Workers ..................................................................................... 5 4.3. Trailing Points .............................................................................................. 5 5. Damaged Points .................................................................................................... 6 6. Failed Electrically Operated Points ....................................................................... 6 -
Volume I Restoration of Historic Streetcar Service
VOLUME I ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT RESTORATION OF HISTORIC STREETCAR SERVICE IN DOWNTOWN LOS ANGELES J U LY 2 0 1 8 City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering Table of Contents Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................. ES-1 ES.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... ES-1 ES.2 Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................................................... ES-1 ES.3 Background ............................................................................................................................................................ ES-2 ES.4 7th Street Alignment Alternative ................................................................................................................... ES-3 ES.5 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................................ ES-7 ES.6 Construction .......................................................................................................................................................... ES-7 ES.7 Operations and Ridership ............................................................................................................................... -
Two Bells October 26, 1925
I £ PEDRO ■■■ n 0 s BELLS VoL. VI OCTOBER 26. 1925 No. 22 A Herald of Good Cheer and Cooperation Published by and for Employes of the Los Angeles Railway Edited by J. G. JEFFERY, Director of Public Relations Community Chest Drive Outlined Billy Snyder, Married Division 1 Makes G. B. A. BACK 20 Consecutive Y ears, NINE MAJORS Given Suprise Party 99 Percent Mark In Association FROM EAST IN celebration of the twentieth wed- FOR SECOND ding anniversary of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Snyder, an enthusiastic but or- DIVISION One has set a high derly party of supervisors and dis- mark in the Wives' Death WITH NEW patchers descended upon the family benefit branch of the Coopera- CHARITY home at 1104 West Thirty-eighth tive Association. Ninety-nine street October 17, as unexpectedly as per cent of the men under Su- a prohibition enforcement raiding perintendent E. C. Williams who squad, and proceeded to "throw a are eligible to participate in this IDEAS party." Mr. Snyder has been with the branch of the Association have APPEAL Los Angeles Railway 23 years, and is filed the necessary cards. now assistant director of traffic. The Wives' Death benefit Organization of the various depart- George Baker Anderson, manager of The big moment of the evening branch is intended to increase transportation, and R. B. Hill, super- came when W. B. Adams, director of ments of the Los Angeles Railway for the value of the Association. An participation in the second annual intendent of operation, have returned traffic, presented Mr. and Mrs. -
High Voltage Direct Current Transmission – Proven Technology for Power Exchange
www.siemens.com/energy/hvdc High Voltage Direct Current Transmission – Proven Technology for Power Exchange Answers for energy. 2 Contents Chapter Theme Page 1 Why High Voltage Direct Current? 4 2 Main Types of HVDC Schemes 6 3 Converter Theory 8 4 Principle Arrangement of an HVDC Transmission Project 11 5 Main Components 14 5.1 Thyristor Valves 14 5.2 Converter Transformer 18 5.3 Smoothing Reactor 20 5.4 Harmonic Filters 22 5.4.1 AC Harmonic Filter 22 5.4.2 DC Harmonic Filter 25 5.4.3 Active Harmonic Filter 26 5.5 Surge Arrester 28 5.6 DC Transmission Circuit 31 5.6.1 DC Transmission Line 31 5.6.2 DC Cable 32 5.6.3 High Speed DC Switches 34 5.6.4 Earth Electrode 36 5.7 Control & Protection 38 6 System Studies, Digital Models, Design Specifications 45 7 Project Management 46 3 1 Why High Voltage Direct Current? 1.1 Highlights from the High Voltage Direct In 1941, the first contract for a commercial HVDC Current (HVDC) History system was signed in Germany: 60 MW were to be supplied to the city of Berlin via an underground The transmission and distribution of electrical energy cable of 115 km length. The system with ±200 kV started with direct current. In 1882, a 50-km-long and 150 A was ready for energizing in 1945. It was 2-kV DC transmission line was built between Miesbach never put into operation. and Munich in Germany. At that time, conversion between reasonable consumer voltages and higher Since then, several large HVDC systems have been DC transmission voltages could only be realized by realized with mercury arc valves. -
MÁV Central Rail and Track Inspection Ltd
MÁV Central Rail and Track Inspection Ltd. PATER TRACK DIAGNOSTIC EXPERT SYSTEM Besides the knowledge of quality the safe and economical maintenance of railway tracks plays an increasingly impor- tant role these days. The „PATER” track diagnostic ex- pert software is intended to fulfil this task. PATER is a computer program that keeps records of rail- way tracks, monitors their condition and performs mainte- nance planning duties. Its purpose is to assist track mainte- nance professionals in managing the data of the technical and measurement systems, presenting the condition of the track, planning track maintenance jobs depending on track conditions, selecting the appropriate technology and per- forming cost estimates. Rail defects revealed by various inspections This is a client-server based program that ensures that data and their qualification stored in the database can be accessed from anywhere and client users can use them through the internet in case of sufficient authorisation. This model makes it possible that all data is stored and updated in one location therefore the data available to users is always up-to-date. In the engineering practice the val- ues of the isolated defects and gen- eral qualifying indices are analyzed and these values are sufficient to judge the traffic safety and quality. Nowadays we use track geometri- cal, vehicle dynamical, ultrasonic, Space and time based graphical analysis Head Checking, rail profile and rail of track geometry data corrugation measuring devices. The PATER program adapts to the re- quirements of any railway company: unlimited new measuring system, parameter, measuring limit etc. can be integrated quickly and easily. -
the Swindon and Cricklade Railway
The Swindon and Cricklade Railway Construction of the Permanent Way Document No: S&CR S PW001 Issue 2 Format: Microsoft Office 2010 August 2016 SCR S PW001 Issue 2 Copy 001 Page 1 of 33 Registered charity No: 1067447 Registered in England: Company No. 3479479 Registered office: Blunsdon Station Registered Office: 29, Bath Road, Swindon SN1 4AS 1 Document Status Record Status Date Issue Prepared by Reviewed by Document owner Issue 17 June 2010 1 D.J.Randall D.Herbert Joint PW Manager Issue 01 Aug 2016 2 D.J.Randall D.Herbert / D Grigsby / S Hudson PW Manager 2 Document Distribution List Position Organisation Copy Issued To: Copy No. (yes/no) P-Way Manager S&CR Yes 1 Deputy PW Manager S&CR Yes 2 Chairman S&CR (Trust) Yes 3 H&S Manager S&CR Yes 4 Office Files S&CR Yes 5 3 Change History Version Change Details 1 to 2 Updates throughout since last release SCR S PW001 Issue 2 Copy 001 Page 2 of 33 Registered charity No: 1067447 Registered in England: Company No. 3479479 Registered office: Blunsdon Station Registered Office: 29, Bath Road, Swindon SN1 4AS Table of Contents 1 Document Status Record ....................................................................................................................................... 2 2 Document Distribution List ................................................................................................................................... 2 3 Change History ..................................................................................................................................................... -
Track Geometry
Track Geometry Track Geometry Cost effective track maintenance and operational safety requires accurate and reliable track geometry data. The Balfour Beatty Rail Digital Track Geometry System is a combined hardware and software application that derives track geometry parameters compliant with EN 13848-1:2003 and is an enhanced version of the original BR and LU systems, with a rationalised transducer layout using modern sensor technology. The system can be installed on a variety of vehicles, from dedicated test trains, service vehicles and road rail plant. Unlike some systems, our solution is designed such that voids and other vertical track defects are identified through the wheel/rail interface when the track is fully loaded. The compromise of taking measurements away from the wheel could produce under-measurement of voided track with an error that increases the further the measurement point is away from the influences of the wheel. The system uses bogie mounted non-contacting inertial sensors complemented by an optional image based sub-system, to measure rail vertical and lateral displacement. The system is designed to operate over a speed range of approx. 5 to 160 mph (8-250km/h). However, safety critical parameters such as gauge and twist will function at zero. Geometry parameters are calculated in real time and during operation real time exception and statistical reports are generated. Principal measurements consist of: • Twist • Dynamic Cross-level • Cant and Cant deficiency • Vertical Profile • Alignment • Curvature • Gauge • Dipped Joints • Cyclic Top Vehicle Ride Measurement As an accredited testing organisation we are well versed in capturing and processing acceleration measurements to national/international standards in order to obtain Ride Quality information in accordance with, for example ENV 12299 “Railway applications – Ride comfort for passengers – Measurement and Evaluation”. -
Track Inspection – 2009
Santa Cruz County Regional Transportation Commission Track Maintenance Planning / Cost Evaluation for the Santa Cruz Branch Watsonville Junction, CA to Davenport, CA Prepared for Egan Consulting Group December 2009 HDR Engineering 500 108th Avenue NE, Suite 1200 Bellevue, WA 98004 CONFIDENTIAL Table of Contents Executive Summary 4 Section 1.0 Introduction 10 Section 1.1 Description of Types of Maintenance 10 Section 1.2 Maintenance Criteria and Classes of Track 11 Section 2.0 Components of Railroad Track 12 Section 2.1 Rail and Rail Fittings 13 Section 2.1.1 Types of Rail 13 Section 2.1.2 Rail Condition 14 Section 2.1.3 Rail Joint Condition 17 Section 2.1.4 Recommendations for Rail and 17 Joint Maintenance Section 2.2 Ties 20 Section 2.2.1 Tie Condition 21 Section 2.2.2 Recommendations for Tie Maintenance 23 Section 2.3 Ballast, Subballst, Subgrade, and Drainage 24 Section 2.3.1 Description of Railroad Ballast, Subballst, 24 Subgrade, and Drainage Section 2.3.2 Ballast, Subgrade, and Drainage Conditions 26 and Recommendations Section 2.4 Effects of Rail Car Weight 29 Section 3.0 Track Geometry 31 Section 3.1 Description of Track Geometry 31 Section 3.2 Track Geometry at the “Micro-Level” 31 Section 3.3 Track Geometry at the “Macro-Level” 32 Santa Cruz County Regional Transportation Commission Page 2 of 76 Santa Cruz Branch Maintenance Study CONFIDENTIAL Section 3.4 Equipment and Operating Recommendations 33 Following from Track Geometry Section 4.0 Specific Conditions Along the 34 Santa Cruz Branch Section 5.0 Summary of Grade Crossing -
EPA SPCC Tier I Template Instructions for Farms
SPCC 40 CFR Part 112 Tier I Template Instructions (for farms) Insert Instructor Names Insert HQ Office/Region Insert Date Today’s Agenda I. SPCC/Qualified Facility Applicability II. Tier I Qualified Facility SPCC Plan Template III. Questions and Answers Part I: SPCC/ Qualified Facility Applicability Is the facility or part of the facility (e.g., complex) considered non- NO transportation-related? YES Is the facility engaged in drilling, producing, gathering, storing, NO processing, refining, transferring, distributing, using, or consuming oil? YES The facility is Could the facility reasonably be expected to discharge oil in quantities NO not subject that may be harmful into navigable waters or adjoining shorelines? to SPCC Rule YES Is the total aggregate capacity of completely buried storage greater than Is the total aggregate capacity of 42,000 U.S. gallons of oil? aboveground storage greater than 1,320 U.S. gallons of oil? (Do not include the capacities of: - completely buried tanks and connected (Do not include the capacities of: underground piping, ancillary equipment, - less than 55-gallon containers, and containment systems subject to all of - permanently closed containers, the technical requirements of 40 CFR part - motive power containers, OR 280 or 281, NO - hot-mix asphalt and hot-mix - nuclear power generation facility asphalt containers, underground emergency diesel generator - single-family residence heating tanks deferred under 40 CFR part 280 and oil containers, licensed by and subject to any design and - pesticide application -
2012 Chevrolet Volt Owner Manual M
Chevrolet Volt Owner Manual - 2012 Black plate (1,1) 2012 Chevrolet Volt Owner Manual M In Brief . 1-1 Safety Belts . 3-11 Infotainment System . 7-1 Instrument Panel . 1-2 Airbag System . 3-19 Introduction . 7-1 Initial Drive Information . 1-4 Child Restraints . 3-32 Radio . 7-7 Vehicle Features . 1-17 Audio Players . 7-12 Battery and Efficiency. 1-20 Storage . 4-1 Phone . 7-20 Performance and Storage Compartments . 4-1 Trademarks and License Maintenance . 1-25 Additional Storage Features . 4-2 Agreements . 7-31 Keys, Doors, and Instruments and Controls . 5-1 Climate Controls . 8-1 Windows . 2-1 Instrument Panel Overview. 5-4 Climate Control Systems . 8-1 Keys and Locks . 2-1 Controls . 5-6 Air Vents . 8-8 Doors . 2-13 Warning Lights, Gauges, and Vehicle Security. 2-14 Indicators . 5-9 Driving and Operating . 9-1 Exterior Mirrors . 2-16 Information Displays . 5-29 Driving Information . 9-2 Interior Mirrors . 2-17 Vehicle Messages . 5-45 Starting and Operating . 9-16 Windows . 2-17 Vehicle Personalization . 5-53 Electric Vehicle Operating Universal Remote System . 5-62 Modes . 9-21 Seats and Restraints . 3-1 Engine Exhaust . 9-26 Head Restraints . 3-2 Lighting . 6-1 Electric Drive Unit . 9-28 Front Seats . 3-4 Exterior Lighting . 6-1 Brakes . 9-29 Rear Seats . 3-8 Interior Lighting . 6-4 Ride Control Systems . 9-33 Lighting Features . 6-5 Chevrolet Volt Owner Manual - 2012 Black plate (2,1) 2012 Chevrolet Volt Owner Manual M Cruise Control . 9-36 Service and Maintenance . 11-1 Customer Information .