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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,822.412 B2 Berry Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,822.412 B2 Berry Et Al USOO8822412B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,822.412 B2 Berry et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 2, 2014 (54) CHARGED NUTRITIVE PROTEINS AND 2010, O189864 A1 7/2010 Marsland METHODS 2010/0267831 A1 10/2010 Kobayashi et al. 2010/0286O23 A1 11, 2010 Wolfe et al. 2010/0330250 Al 12/2010 Segall et al. (71) Applicant: Pronutria, Inc., Cambridge, MA (US) 2012/0046449 A1 2/2012 Green et al. 2012/0178672 A1 7/2012 Wolfe et al. (72) Inventors: David Arthur Berry, Brookline, MA 2013/0090297 A1 4/2013 Troup et al. (US); Brett Adam Boghigian, Boston, MA (US); Nathaniel W. Silver, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Cambridge, MA (US); Geoffrey von WO WO O2-087562 A1 11, 2002 Maltzahn, Boston, MA (US); Michael WO WO 2006/0473O8 A2 5, 2006 Hamill, Wellesley, MA (US); Rajeev WO WO 2010-126353 A1 11, 2010 Chillakuru, Cambridge, MA (US) WO WO 2010-144821 A1 12/2010 WO WO 2011-078677 A2 6, 2011 (73) Assignee: Pronutria, Inc., Cambridge, MA (US) WO WO 2011-1 19033 A1 9, 2011 WO WO 2012/OO6074 A1 1, 2012 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this OTHER PUBLICATIONS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Aalberse R. C., "Structural biology of allergens”. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 106,228-238 (2000). (21) Appl. No.: 14/219,943 Abou-Samra R. et al., “Effect of different protein sources on satiation and short-term satiety when consumed as a starter'. Nutr J. 10:139 (Dec. 23, 2011). (22) Filed: Mar 19, 2014 Acheson K. et al., “Protein choices targeting thermogenesis and metabolism”, Am J Clin Nutr 93:525-34 (2011). (65) Prior Publication Data Akhavan T. et al., “Effect of premeal consumption of whey protein US 2014/0212541 A1 Jul. 31, 2014 and its hydrolysate on food intake and postmeal glycemia and insulin responses in young adults'. Am J Clin Nutr. 91(4):966-75 (Apr. 2010) (Epub Feb. 17, 2010). Related U.S. Application Data Alfenas R. et al., “Effects of protein quality on appetite and energy metabolism in normal weight Subjects”. Arq Bras Endocrinol (62) Division of application No. 13/836,855, filed on Mar. Metabol. 54 (1): 45-51; (2010). 15, 2013. Austin B. P. et al., "Hexahistidine-tagged maltose-binding protein as a fusion partner for the production of soluble recombinant proteins in (60) Provisional application No. 61/615,816, filed on Mar. Escherichia coli, Methods Mol. Biol. 498: 157-72 (2009). 26, 2012. (Continued) (51) Int. C. 423.3/04 (2006.01) Primary Examiner — James H Alstrum Acevedo C07K I4/435 (2006.01) Assistant Examiner — Roy Teller A2.3L I/305 (2006.01) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Fenwick & West LLP A2.3L I/29 (2006.01) (52) U.S. C. (57) ABSTRACT CPC A23L I/293 (2013.01); A23L I/305 (2013.01) Charged nutritive proteins are provided. In some embodi USPC ................................. 514/4.9; 426/2:530/350 ments the nutritive proteins an aqueous solubility of at least (58) Field of Classification Search 12.5g/L at pH 7. In some embodiments the nutritive proteins None an aqueous solubility of at least 50 g/L at pH 7. In some See application file for complete search history. embodiments the nutritive proteins an aqueous solubility of at least 100 g/L at pH 7. In some embodiments the nutritive (56) References Cited proteins comprise at least one of a level of a) a ratio of branch chain amino acid residues to total amino acid residues present U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS in the nutritive protein equal to or greater than the ratio of branch chain amino acid residues to total amino acid residues 3,870,801 A 3, 1975 Tombs present in a benchmark protein; b) a ratio of leucine residues 4,687,782 A 8, 1987 Brantman 6,291,245 B1 9/2001 Kopetzki et al. to total amino acid residues present in the nutritive protein 6,361,966 B1 3, 2002 Walker et al. equal to or greater than the ratio of leucine residues to total 6,495,344 B1 12/2002 Carr amino acid residues present in a benchmark protein; and c) a 7,252,972 B2 8, 2007 Kikuchi et al. ratio of essential amino acid residues to total amino acid 7,790,688 B2 9, 2010 Wolfe et al. residues present in the nutritive protein equal to or greater 8,071,122 B2 12/2011 Yamka et al. than the ratio of essential amino acid residues to total amino 8,329,646 B2 12/2012 Tisdale et al. 8,486,888 B2 7/2013 Greenberg acid residues present in a benchmark protein. Also provided 2004/O123343 A1 6/2004 La Rosa et al. are nucleic acids encoding the proteins, recombinant micro 2007,0264688 A1 11, 2007 Venter organisms that make the proteins, methods of making the 2008/0268038 A1 10, 2008 Wolfe proteins using recombinant microorganisms, compositions 2009, O181903 A1 7, 2009 Wolfe et al. 2009/O19782O A1 8, 2009 Wolfe et al. that comprise the proteins, and methods of using the proteins, 2009,0203606 A1 8, 2009 Wolfe et al. among other things. 2009,0252684 A1 10, 2009 Wolfe et al. 2010/0179089 A1 7, 2010 Deutz et al. 19 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet US 8,822.412 B2 Page 2 (56) References Cited Hall W. L. et al., "Casein and whey exert different effects on plasma amino acid profiles, gastrointestinal hormone secretion and appe OTHER PUBLICATIONS tite”, BrJ Nutr. 89(2): 239-48 (Feb. 2003). Avruch J. et al., “Amino acid regulation of TOR complex 1'. Am J Haran P. H. et al., “Role and potential mechanisms of anabolic resis Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 296:E592-602. (2009). tance in Sarcopenia'. J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (2012). Bai J. et al., “A gene optimization strategy that enhances production Herman Ra. et al., “Digestion Assays in Allergenicity Assessment of of fully functional P-Glycoprotein in Pichia pastoris”. PLoS ONE Transgenic Proteins”. Environ Health Perspect. 114:1154-7. (2006). 6(8):e22577 (2011). Holt C. et al., “Some physico-chemical properties of nine commer Belza A. et al., “The beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol partly cial or semi-commercial whey protein concentrates, isolates and abolishes thermogenic response to bioactive food ingredients'. fractions”, Int J Food SciTechnol. 34:587-601. (1999). Metabolism. 58 (8): 1137-44 (2009). Holt C. et al., “Apparent chemical composition of nine commercial or Borsheim E. et al., “Effect of amino acid supplementation on muscle semi-commercial whey protein concentrates, isolates and fractions'. mass, strength and physical function in elderly, Clin Nutr. 27: 189 IntJ Food SciTechnol. 34:543-556. (1999). 195 (2008). Jenkins J. A. et al., “Evolutionary distance from human homologs Borsheim E. et al., “Essential amino acids and muscle protein recov reflects allergenicity of animal food proteins”. J. Allergy Clin ery from resistance exercise”. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 283: Immunol. 120: 1399-1405 (2007). E648-E657 (2002). Borsheim E. et al., “Effect of amino acid supplementation on muscle Kalogeropoulou D. et al., "Leucine, when ingested with glucose, mass, strength and physical function in elderly”, Clin Nutr. 27: 189 Synergistically stimulates insulin Secretion and lowers blood glu 95. (2008). cose', Metabolism. 57:1747-52. (2008). Borsheim E. et al., “Essential amino acids and muscle protein recov Katsanos C. S. et al., “A high proportion of leucine is required for ery from resistance exercise”. Am J Physiol Metab. 283:E648-57 optimal stimulation of the rate of muscle protein synthesis by essen (2002). tial amino acids in the elderly”, Am J Physiol Metab. 291:E381-7. Bossios A. et al., “Effect of simulated gastro-duodenal digestion on (2006). the allergenic reactivity of beta-lactoglobulin'. Clin Transl Allergy. Kong F. Singh R. P. “Disintegration of Solid Foods in Human 1:6. (2011). Stomach.” Journal of Food Science. pp. 67-80 (2008). Breen L., Churchward-Venne Ta. "Leucine: a nutrient “trigger' for Koopman et al., "Co-ingestion of leucine with protein does not fur muscle anabolism, but what more?” J. Physiol. 590:2065-6. (2012). ther augment post-exercise muscle protein synthesis rates in elderly Breen L., Phillips SM., "Skeletal muscle protein metabolism in the elderly: Interventions to counteract the “anabolic resistance' of age men', Br. J. Nutr. 99:571-80 (2008). ing'. Nutr Metab. Lond, 8:68. (2011). Koopman et al., "Combined ingestion of protein and freeleucine with Butts C. et al., “In vitro determination of dietary protein and amino carbohydrate increases postexercise muscle protein synthesis in vivo acid digestibility for humans', Br J. Nutr; 108 Suppl.: S282-7. (2012). in male Subjects”, Am. J. Physiol, Endocrinol, Metab, 288:E645-643 Dauncey M., Bingham S., “Dependence of 24 h energy expenditure (2005). in man on composition of the nutrient intake', Br J. Nutr. 50: 1-13 Kopf-bolanz K. A. et al., “Validation of an InVitro Digestive System (1983). for Studying Macronutrient Decomposition” in 245-50. (2012). Delaney B. et al., “Evaluation of protein safety in the context of Lorenzen J. et al. “The effect of milk proteins on appetite regulation agricultural biotechnology.” Food. Chem. Toxicol. 46: S71-S97 and diet-induced thermogenesis', JClin Nutr. 66 (5): 622-7. (2012). (2008). Macauley-Patrick S. et al., “Heterologous protein production using Deutz N.E.P. et al., “Muscle protein synthesis in cancer patients can the Pichia pastoris expression system”. Yeast. 22:249-70. (2005). be stimulated with a specially formulated medical food”. Clin Nutr. 30:759-68. (2011). Malakhov M. Pet al., "SUMO fusions and SUMO-specific protease Dreyer et al., "Leucine-enriched essential amino acid and carbohy for efficient expression and purification of proteins”.
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