DOCSLIB.ORG

Alaria Alata Infection in European Mink

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alaria Alata Infection in European Mink LETTERS Alaria alata neuroretinitis (3), to severe-to-lethal that described gross lesions produced anaphylactic shock caused by larva by A. alata trematodes (6,8), to our Infection in migrans (4,5). The genus Alaria has 7 knowledge, no data have been pub- European Mink species; only A. alata is found natural- lished concerning lesions produced by ly in Europe (6), a species which has natural infection in nonhuman hosts. To the Editor. Alariosis is a re- not thus far been shown to be respon- Our report provides a detailed descrip- emerging zoonotic disease caused by sible for human infections. tion of the lesions, shown by micros- infection with larval stages of trema- A. alata infection is common in copy, which suggests the pathogenic todes of the genus Alaria. The trema- its typical definitive host (red fox, mechanisms. todes are found in wildlife that inhabit Vulpes vulpes) and in certain paratenic One adult female European mink wetlands, and these animals may serve hosts (wild boar, Sus scrofa) (1). How- (Mustela lutreola) was found dead dur- as possible reservoirs for these organ- ever, the role of other paratenic hosts ing standard surveillance operations in isms that cause human infection (1). is poorly known. Among these, mus- which box traps were used; this trap- The main sources for human infection telids are reported to harbor mesocer- ping was part of biodiversity and ecol- are suids and frogs (1). In humans, the cariae of A. alata trematodes (7). The ogy studies in the central part of the clinical features of alariosis caused pathogenic effect of A. alata infection Danube delta in Romania (45°08′ N, by infections with the North Ameri- has been poorly studied, because most 29°19′E) in March 2010. The corpse can species of Alaria vary from mild lesions described were in humans in- was deep-frozen and analyzed after 3 and asymptomatic to moderate with fected with other species of Alaria. months in the laboratory. During nec- respiratory or cutaneous signs (2) or Except for 2 experimental studies ropsy, multiple, well-defined, whitish Figure. Lesions produced by mesocercariae of Alaria alata in European mink. A) Mesocercariae in the muscle and subcutaneous tissue produce whitish, round or slightly oval, well-defined nodules. B) Free mesocercarium after artificial digestion, showing the characteristics of A. alata mesocercarium: piriform body with anterior oral sucker (OS), acetabulum (AC) positioned in the center of the parasite, 2 pairs of large, finely granulated penetration glands (white stars), limiting the anterior part of the acetabulum, linear ducts of penetration glands (DPG) converging to the oral opening of the oral sucker and large double ceca placed posterior to the acetabulum. C) Histologic section showing an encysted mesocercarium in the muscle (parasite is surrounded by a capsule and pericystic inflammation, which extends to the surrounding muscular tissue). D) Mononuclear leucocytes (arrowheads) scattered between the fibroblastic proliferations (white arrows) and collagen deposits (black stars). Muscle fibers are atrophic due to compression (black arrows). E) Microscopic detail of the inset from panel C. Some mesocercariae (indicated by black arrow) are enclosed in a thin, pale staining capsule (white arrows). Note the lack of leukocyte response. F) Migration route of the parasite (route with center marked by the black star), followed by invasion of nonnecrotic muscle fibers by mononucleate inflammatory cells (white arrow) located mainly in the center of the migration tract and fibrous connective tissue with collagen fibers densely packed at the periphery (black arrows) and more loosely in the center (arrowheads). Hematoxylin–eosin stain (panels C, D, E); Masson trichrome (panel F); original magnifications x40 (panels B and C), x200 (panels D and F), and x400 (panel E). A color version of this figure is available online (wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/19/09/13-0081-F1.htm). Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 19, No. 9, September 2013 1547 LETTERS nodules were observed in most muscu- A. alata infection in its paratenic host Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (F. lar and subcutaneous tissues (Figure, appears to be caused by mesocercarial Tăbăran, A.D. Sándor, C. Cătoi, A.D. panel A), with no evident preferential migration. This view is sustained by Mihalca); and Danube Delta National Insti- localization. We collected samples the presence of mononuclear cells that tute for Research and Development, Tul- from these tissues for artificial diges- it infiltrates and by the appearance of cea, Romania (M. Marinov) tion (9,10) and histologic examination, the granulomatous tissue in various DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1909.130081 using the routine paraffin-embedding stages of maturation, which leads to protocol and the following staining muscle and subcutaneous fibroplasia. References methods: hematoxylin-eosin, Masson The reparatory nature of the lesions trichrome, and Gordon and Sweet. suggests that the inflammation is prob- 1. Möhl K, Grosse K, Hamedy A, Wüste T, Artificial digestion released ably the result of direct tissue damage Kabelitz P, Lücker E. Biology of Alaria spp. and human exposition risk to Alaria parasites (6 larvae/5 gm tissue) with rather than an immune reaction tar- mesocercariae-a review. Parasitol Res. typical larval trematode structures geted toward the parasitic antigens. 2009;105:1–15 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ (Figure, panel B). By microscopy, we This assumption could explain the lo- s00436-009-1444-7. observed that morphologic features of cal absence of inflammatory reaction 2. Kramer MH, Eberhard ML, Blankenberg TA. Respiratory symptoms and subcutane- these larvae were consistent with A. around the parasites. The lack of in- ous granuloma caused by mesocercariae: alata mesocercariae (6). Histopatho- flammation was previously observed a case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg. logic examination confirmed the also with A. americana infection of 1996;55:447–8. presence of parasitic forms in muscle humans (4). The structure of all me- 3. McDonald HR, Kazacos KR, Schatz H, Johnson RN. Two cases of intraocular sections (Figure, panel C). The me- socercariae observed by microscopy infection with Alaria mesocercaria socercariae were located in the con- suggested that they were alive and ac- (Trematoda). Am J Ophthalmol. 1994; nective fibrous tissue of the perimy- tive before the mink carcass was fro- 117:447–55. sium or between the muscle fibers. zen. Because no mesocercariae were 4. Fernandes BJ, Cooper JD, Cullen JB, Freeman RS, Ritchie AC, Scott AA, The typical structure of muscle fibers surrounded by adult connective tissue et al. Systemic infection with Alaria was altered around the larvae, with or by granulomatous inflammation, americana (Trematoda). Can Med Assoc inflammatory cell reactions, repre- together with the multiple presences J. 1976;115:1111–4. sented mainly by lymphocytes, mac- of migratory routes, the continuous 5. Freeman RS, Stuart PF, Cullen SJ, Ritchie AC, Mildon A, Fernandes BJ, et al. Fatal rophages, and plasma cells (Figure, mobility of the parasites through the human infection with mesocercariae of the panel D). In other areas, the inflam- host’s tissues was strongly suggested. trematode Alaria americana. Am J Trop matory reaction around the parasite Although data on the pathologic Med Hyg. 1976;25:803–7. was minimal or absent (Figure, panel changes caused by Alaria spp. in gen- 6. Skrjabin KI. editor. Trematodes of ani- mals and man; essentials of trematodol- E). In certain histologic sections, the eral, and A. alata parasites in particu- ogy, vol. XVIII. Jerusalem (Israel): Pro- damaged muscular tissue was re- lar, are scarce, the migration pattern gram for Scientific Translations; 1965. p. placed by granulation tissue in vari- and the lesions seem to be dependent 327–43. ous stages of development (Figure, on the particular parasite and host spe- 7. Anisimova EI. Study on the European mink Mustela lutreola helminthocenoses panel F). The maturity of the granu- cies. The reparatory nature of the le- in connection with the American mink lation tissue differed substantially, sions suggests that the inflammation is M. vison expansion in the Belarus: story depending on the muscular areas the result of direct tissue damage rath- of the study and review of the results. examined. Some lesions were found er than an immune reaction targeted Helminthologia. 2004;41:193–6. 8. Odening K. The “Duncker’s muscle fluke” in adult connective tissue, formed by toward the parasitic antigens. can be transmitted experimentally to mon- mature collagen scar fibers (type I keys [in German]. Monatsh Veterinarmed. collagen) and few inflammatory cells, The research was conducted with 1961;16:395–9. whereas other lesions had reticulin fi- the support of Unitatea Executivă pen- 9. Gamble HR, Bessonov AS, Cuperlovic K, Gajadhar AA, van Knapen F, Noeckler K. bers (type III collagen) with numer- tru Finantarea Învătământului Superior, a Cercetării, Dezvoltării si Inovării (UE- International Commission on Trichinello- ous inflammatory cells. The lesions sis: recommendations on methods for the of the subcutaneous connective tissue FISCDI) grant PCE236/2011. control of Trichinella in domestic and wild consisted of an inflammatory reac- animals intended for human consumption. Vet Parasitol. 2000;93:393–408. http:// tion (panniculitis). The inflammation Flaviu Tăbăran, dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(00) was characterized by a low number of Attila David Sándor, 00354-X mononuclear leukocytes and fibrin- Mihai Marinov, Cornel Cătoi, 10. Portier J, Jouet D, Ferté H, Gibout O, ous exudate and fibroplasia. and Andrei Daniel Mihalca Heckmann A, Boireau P, et al. New data in France on the trematode Alar- The polyphasic nature of muscle Author affiliations: University of Agricul- ia alata (Goeze, 1792) obtained dur- and subcutaneous lesions produced by tural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ing Trichinella inspections. Parasite. 1548 Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 19, No. 9, September 2013 LETTERS 2011;18:271–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ ignored for more than 3 decades and Sheepdogs that lived in the study parasite/2011183271 then restarted in 2011 in Iran.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Game Meat: Health Assessment of Human-Pathogenic Parasites
    Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung www.bfr.bund.de DOI 10.17590/20190627-084353 Game meat: health assessment of human-pathogenic parasites BfR Opinion No. 045/2018, 21 December 2018 Meat of game living in the wild, such as deer, roe deer and boar, is rich in nutrients, low in fat and commonly sustainably sourced. It may, however, contain parasites that can make people ill if the meat has not been prepared in a hygienically flawless manner. There are often un- certainties in the hygienic assessment of meat from hunted game – for example in case of parasite infestation, regarding localization of parasite infestation sites within the animal car- cass. These uncertainties are also due to the limited amount of data on these specific patho- gens in game. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has therefore con- ducted an evaluation of own and existing data in order to determine the game species and specific organs respectively in which the parasites listed below have been detected and on the frequency of infestation occurrence. The BfR has used this information to assess the risk of contracting a parasitic disease from consumption of game meat and has put together rec- ommendations on how consumers can avoid such illnesses. In its health assessment, the BfR has considered game species only, whose meat and prod- ucts made from their meat are typically consumed, namely boar, deer, roe deer and fallow deer. Acquired data sets on consumption of game meat show that both adults and children in Germany consume game meat only rarely and only in small quantities.
    [Show full text]
  • AFSSA1 on the Risk to Public Health Associated with the Presence of This Parasite in Wild Boar Meat (Opinion 2007-SA-0008) Was Issued on 14 September 2007
    ANSES Opinion Request No 2015-SA-0052 Related Request no. 2007-SA-008 The Director General Maisons-Alfort, 16 December 2015 OPINION of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on the presence of mesocercarial parasites of the trematode Alaria alata in wild boar meat ANSES undertakes independent and pluralistic scientific expert assessments. ANSES's public health mission involves ensuring environmental, occupational and food safety as well as assessing the potential health risks they may entail. It also contributes to the protection of the health and welfare of animals, the protection of plant health and the evaluation of the nutritional characteristics of food. It provides the competent authorities with the necessary information concerning these risks as well as the requisite expertise and technical support for drafting legislative and statutory provisions and implementing risk management strategies (Article L.1313-1 of the French Public Health Code). Its opinions are made public. This opinion is a translation of the original French version. In the event of any discrepancy or ambiguity the French language text dated 16 December 2015 shall prevail. On 26 February 2015 the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety received a formal request from the Directorate General for Food for an opinion on the presence of mesocercarial parasites of the trematode Alaria alata in wild boar meat. 1. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE REQUEST Screening for Trichinella in wild boar carcasses sometimes reveals larvae of the trematode Alaria alata. A first opinion by AFSSA1 on the risk to public health associated with the presence of this parasite in wild boar meat (Opinion 2007-SA-0008) was issued on 14 September 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Zoonotic Helminths Affecting the Human Eye Domenico Otranto1* and Mark L Eberhard2
    Otranto and Eberhard Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:41 http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/41 REVIEW Open Access Zoonotic helminths affecting the human eye Domenico Otranto1* and Mark L Eberhard2 Abstract Nowaday, zoonoses are an important cause of human parasitic diseases worldwide and a major threat to the socio-economic development, mainly in developing countries. Importantly, zoonotic helminths that affect human eyes (HIE) may cause blindness with severe socio-economic consequences to human communities. These infections include nematodes, cestodes and trematodes, which may be transmitted by vectors (dirofilariasis, onchocerciasis, thelaziasis), food consumption (sparganosis, trichinellosis) and those acquired indirectly from the environment (ascariasis, echinococcosis, fascioliasis). Adult and/or larval stages of HIE may localize into human ocular tissues externally (i.e., lachrymal glands, eyelids, conjunctival sacs) or into the ocular globe (i.e., intravitreous retina, anterior and or posterior chamber) causing symptoms due to the parasitic localization in the eyes or to the immune reaction they elicit in the host. Unfortunately, data on HIE are scant and mostly limited to case reports from different countries. The biology and epidemiology of the most frequently reported HIE are discussed as well as clinical description of the diseases, diagnostic considerations and video clips on their presentation and surgical treatment. Homines amplius oculis, quam auribus credunt Seneca Ep 6,5 Men believe their eyes more than their ears Background and developing countries. For example, eye disease Blindness and ocular diseases represent one of the most caused by river blindness (Onchocerca volvulus), affects traumatic events for human patients as they have the more than 17.7 million people inducing visual impair- potential to severely impair both their quality of life and ment and blindness elicited by microfilariae that migrate their psychological equilibrium.
    [Show full text]
  • Tenacity of Alaria Alata Mesocercariae in Homemade German Meat
    TENACITY OF ALARIA ALATA MESOCERCARIAE IN HOMEMADE GERMAN MEAT PRODUCTS AND EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IN VITRO CONDITIONS AND TEMPERATURES ON ITS SURVIVAL DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DES DOKTORGRADES DER AGRARWISSENSCHAFTEN (D R. AGR .) DER NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FAKULTÄT III AGRAR - UND ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN , GEOWISSENSCHAFTEN UND INFORMATIK DER MARTIN -LUTHER -UNIVERSITÄT HALLE -WITTENBERG IN ZUSAMMENARBEIT MIT DER VETERINÄRMEDIZINISCHEN FAKULTÄT INSTITUT FÜR LEBENSMITTELHYGIENE DER UNIVERSITÄT LEIPZIG VORGELEGT VON M. SC. HIROMI GONZÁLEZ FUENTES GEBOREN AM 01.09.1984 IN MEXIKO -STADT GUTACHTER /IN : 1. Prof. Dr. Katharina Riehn 2. Prof. Dr. Ernst Lücker 3. Prof. Dr. Eberhard von Borell Verteidigungsdatum: HALLE (S AALE ), 12.10.2015 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS 3 LIST OF TABLES 4 SUMMARY 5 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 8 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 EMERGING FOOD -BORNE ZOONOSES 12 1.2 BRIEF HISTORY OF A. ALATA 15 1.3 LIFE CYCLE OF A. ALATA 15 1.4 PREVALENCE OF A. ALATA AROUND THE WORLD 16 1.5 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON TENACITY OF ALARIA SPP . 20 1.6 HUMAN ALARIOSIS CASES CAUSED BY FOOD 22 1.7 A. ALATA MESOCERCARIAE MIGRATION TECHNIQUE (AMT) 25 1.8 OBJECTIVES 26 CHAPTER 2: TENACITY OF ALARIA ALATA MESOCERCARIAE IN HOMEMADE GERMAN MEAT PRODUCTS 27 CHAPTER 3 EFFECTS OF IN VITRO CONDITIONS ON THE SURVIVAL OF ALARIA ALATA MESOCERCARIAE 34 CHAPTER 4 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SURVIVAL OF ALARIA ALATA MESOCERCARIAE 42 CHAPTER 5 GENERAL DISCUSSION 52 5.1 GENERAL PROBLEM 53 5.2 ISOLATION 53 5.3 FOOD TREATMENTS IN GAME MEAT PRODUCTS 54 5.4 EFFECT OF NACL 55 5.5 CONSUMER HABITS 56 5.6 EFFECT OF ETHANOL 56 5.7 EFFECT OF THE GASTRIC JUICE 57 5.8 EFFECT OF HEATING 57 5.9 EFFECT OF REFRIGERATION 58 5.10 EFFECT OF MICROWAVE HEATING 58 5.11 EFFECT OF FREEZING 59 5.12 FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS 59 REFERENCES 63 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 75 EIDESSTATTLICHE ERKLÄRUNG 76 CURRICULUM VITAE 77 ABBREVIATIONS 3 ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATION DEFINITION A.
    [Show full text]
  • New Data in France on the Trematode Alaria Alata
    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. NEW DATA IN FRANCE ON THE TREMATODE ALARIA ALATA (GOEZE, 1792) OBTAINED DURING TRICHINELLA INSPECTIONS PORTIER J.*,**, JOUET D.*, FERTÉ H.*, GIBOUT O.***, HECKMANN A.**, BOIREAU P.** & VALLÉE I.** Summary: Résumé : NOUVELLES OBSERVATIONS D’ALARIA ALATA (GOEZE, 1792) LORS D’INSPECTIONS POUR TRICHINELLA EN FRANCE The trematode Alaria alata is a cosmopolite parasite found in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), the main definitive host in Europe. In Alaria alata (Diplostomidae : Trematoda) est parasite à l’état adulte contrast only few data are reported in wild boars (Sus scrofa), a de l’intestin grêle du Renard roux (Vulpes vulpes), le principal paratenic host. The aim of this paper is to describe the importance hôte définitif en Europe. Les données existantes sur ce parasite and distribution of Alaria alata mesocercariae in wild boars, chez le Sanglier (Sus scrofa), le principal hôte paraténique, sont information is given by findings of these larvae during Trichinella fragmentaires. L’objectif de cet article est de préciser l’importance mandatory meat inspection on wild boars’ carcasses aimed for et la distribution d’Alaria alata chez les sangliers en France grâce human consumption. More than a hundred cases of mesocercariae aux déclarations de mésocercarioses obtenues lors des recherches positive animals are found every year in the East of France. First obligatoires de Trichine sur les carcasses ces dernières années.
    [Show full text]
  • Schistosomatoidea and Diplostomoidea
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/262931780 Schistosomatoidea and Diplostomoidea ARTICLE in ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY · JUNE 2014 Impact Factor: 1.96 · DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0915-5_10 · Source: PubMed READS 57 3 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Petr Horák Charles University in Prague 84 PUBLICATIONS 1,399 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Libor Mikeš Charles University in Prague 14 PUBLICATIONS 47 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Petr Horák Retrieved on: 06 November 2015 Chapter 10 Schistosomatoidea and Diplostomoidea Petr Horák , Libuše Kolářová , and Libor Mikeš 10.1 Introduction This chapter is focused on important nonhuman parasites of the order Diplostomida sensu Olson et al. [ 1 ]. Members of the superfamilies Schistosomatoidea (Schistosomatidae, Aporocotylidae, and Spirorchiidae) and Diplostomoidea (Diplostomidae and Strigeidae) will be characterized. All these fl ukes have indirect life cycles with cercariae having ability to penetrate body surfaces of vertebrate intermediate or defi nitive hosts. In some cases, invasions of accidental (noncompat- ible) vertebrate hosts (including humans) are also reported. Penetration of the host body and/or subsequent migration to the target tissues/organs frequently induce pathological changes in the tissues and, therefore, outbreaks of infections caused by these parasites in animal farming/breeding may lead to economical losses. 10.2 Schistosomatidae Members of the family Schistosomatidae are exceptional organisms among digenean trematodes: they are gonochoristic, with males and females mating in the blood vessels of defi nitive hosts. As for other trematodes, only some members of Didymozoidae are P. Horák (*) • L. Mikeš Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science , Charles University in Prague , Viničná 7 , Prague 12844 , Czech Republic e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] L.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaria Alata Mesocercariae in Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) in Germany
    Parasitol Res DOI 10.1007/s00436-013-3547-4 ORIGINAL PAPER Alaria alata mesocercariae in raccoons (Procyon lotor)inGermany Zaida Melina Rentería-Solís & Ahmad Hamedy & Frank-Uwe Michler & Berit Annika Michler & Ernst Lücker & Norman Stier & Gudrun Wibbelt & Katharina Riehn Received: 25 February 2013 /Accepted: 12 July 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Alaria alata is a trematode of carnivores from Abbreviations Europe. The mesocercarial stage was recently identified in Bp Base pairs wild boar meat from Europe. Previous histopathologic studies DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid showed the presence of unidentified parasitic cysts within the HE Hematoxylin–eosin tongues of raccoons from northern Germany. For identifica- ID Identification tion of the parasite species, tissue samples of 105 raccoons LR Lewitz region originating from a National Park in northern Germany and from Berlin metropolitan area were collected. Histological MNP Müritz National Park NTC Nontemplate control examination of cryotome sections of frozen as well as Syn Synonym paraffin-embedded tongues were used to identify parasite cysts. These were located in the connective and adipose tissue and in close proximity to small arterioles, suggesting a hema- togenous spread of the parasite. Often, cysts were surrounded Introduction with mild infiltration by inflammatory cells. Additionally, mesocercariae were isolated from defrosted tongue samples Alaria alata is a parasitic trematode from the family of 11 raccoons. Molecular-biology assays confirmed the par- Diplostomatidae and the genus Alaria. Its adult stage can be asite species as A. alata. Except for one positive raccoon from found in the small intestine of carnivores like red foxes Berlin City, all other positive raccoons originated from the (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), sylvan Müritz National park, indicating an abundance of European wolves (Canis lupus lupus), and domestic dogs intermediate hosts in this area.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaria Infection in Companion Animals in North Central Oklahoma from 2006 Through 2015 and Detection in Wildlife
    Small Animals Prevalence of Alaria infection in companion animals in north central Oklahoma from 2006 through 2015 and detection in wildlife Eileen M. Johnson DVM, PhD OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of Alaria infection in cats and dogs in north Yoko Nagamori DVM central Oklahoma over various periods and investigate whether wild animal Rebecca A. Duncan-Decocq MS species in this region were also infected. Patrick N. Whitley DESIGN Akhilesh Ramachandran BVSC&AH, PhD Combined cross-sectional study and case series. Mason V. Reichard PhD SAMPLE From the Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Results of parasitological testing of fecal samples from 5,417 client-owned Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma dogs and 1,246 client-owned cats (2006 through 2014); fecal samples from State University, Stillwater, OK 74078 (Johnson, Naga- 837 shelter or rescue dogs and 331 shelter or rescue cats (2013 and 2014) mori, Duncan-Decocq, Ramachandran, Reichard); and and 268 feral cats (2015); tongue or jowl samples from cadavers of 43 wild the USDA APHIS Wildlife Service, 2800 N Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73105 (Whitley). pigs, 3 opossums, and 1 raccoon; and intestinal tract segments from cadav- ers of 48 cats and 5 coyotes. Address correspondence to Dr. Johnson (eileen.johnson@ okstate.edu). PROCEDURES Various parasite recovery techniques were performed to detect various Alaria stages in samples. Recovered adult trematodes and mesocercariae were used for PCR assay and sequencing of the 28S rRNA gene. RESULTS Prevalence of Alaria infection was significantly higher in feral cats (9.0%) than in shelter or rescue cats (0.6%) and client-owned cats (1.4%) and in shelter or rescue dogs (1.8%) than in client-owned dogs (0.2%).
    [Show full text]
  • New Data in France on the Trematode Alaria Alata \(Goeze, 1792
    Article available at http://www.parasite-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2011183271 NEW DATA IN FRANCE ON THE TREMATODE ALARIA ALATA (GOEZE, 1792) OBTAINED DURING TRICHINELLA INSPECTIONS PORTIER J.*,**, JOUET D.*, FERTÉ H.*, GIBOUT O.***, HECKMANN A.**, BOIREAU P.** & VALLÉE I.** Summary: Résumé : NOUVELLES OBSERVATIONS D’ALARIA ALATA (GOEZE, 1792) LORS D’INSPECTIONS POUR TRICHINELLA EN FRANCE The trematode Alaria alata is a cosmopolite parasite found in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), the main definitive host in Europe. In Alaria alata (Diplostomidae : Trematoda) est parasite à l’état adulte contrast only few data are reported in wild boars (Sus scrofa), a de l’intestin grêle du Renard roux (Vulpes vulpes), le principal paratenic host. The aim of this paper is to describe the importance hôte définitif en Europe. Les données existantes sur ce parasite and distribution of Alaria alata mesocercariae in wild boars, chez le Sanglier (Sus scrofa), le principal hôte paraténique, sont information is given by findings of these larvae during Trichinella fragmentaires. L’objectif de cet article est de préciser l’importance mandatory meat inspection on wild boars’ carcasses aimed for et la distribution d’Alaria alata chez les sangliers en France grâce human consumption. More than a hundred cases of mesocercariae aux déclarations de mésocercarioses obtenues lors des recherches positive animals are found every year in the East of France. First obligatoires de Trichine sur les carcasses ces dernières années. Le investigations on the parasite’s resistance to deep-freezing in meat recueil de ces déclarations montre que plus de 100 cas d’animaux are presented in this work.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. National Animal Parasite Collection Records
    U.S. National Animal Parasite Collection Records 1767-2003 Figure 1. USDA-ARS Animal Parasitology Institute logo Collection 223 167 Linear Feet United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library Special Collections 10301 Baltimore Avenue Beltsville, MD 20705 Table of Contents Container List.................................................................................................................................. 2 Series I. Parasite Illustrations. 1767-1971. 46 boxes. ................................................................ 2 Subseries I.A. Standard-size Illustrations. 1767-1963. 26 boxes. ...................................................... 2 Subseries I.B. Oversize Illustrations. 20 boxes. ................................................................................ 97 Series II. Parasite Photographic Materials. 1902-1977. 51 boxes. ....................................... 114 Subseries II.A. Lantern Slides. 1906-1940, undated. 9 boxes. ...................................................... 114 Subseries II.B. Glass Plate Negatives. 1902-1938, undated. 31 boxes. ......................................... 115 Subseries II.C. Glass Exhibit Plates. Undated. 3 boxes. ................................................................ 117 Subseries II.D. Parasite Photographs. 1909-1965, undated. 6 boxes. ............................................ 117 Subseries II.E. Publication Process Galleys and Negatives. 1955. 2 boxes. .................................. 124 Series III. History of the Animal Parasite
    [Show full text]
  • Alaria Alata Mesocercariae in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars In
    Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 63 (2019) 142–144 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cimid Alaria alata mesocercariae in domestic pigs and wild boars in South Banat, northern Serbia T ⁎ Pavle Gavrilovića, , Ivan Pavlovićb, Igor Todorovićc a Veterinary Specialized Institute “Pančevo”, Department of Pathology and Parasitology, 26000, Pančevo, Serbia b Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Department of Parasitology, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia c Veterinary Specialized Institute “Pančevo”, Department of Animal Health, 26000, Pančevo, Serbia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Alaria alata (Diplostomidae, Trematoda), a potentially zoonotic pathogen, is the only Alaria species in Europe. In Alaria alata recent years, increasing reports of mesocercariae of A. alata in wild boars have been recorded in European Mesocercariae countries; however there have been no described cases in domestic pigs over the past decades. Out of 272 Domestic pigs diaphragm samples from wild boars (Sus scrofa) and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa), from Serbia, included in the Wild boars present investigations, mesocercariae of A. alata were found in six (3%) samples from wild boars and in two Serbia (2.77%) samples from domestic pigs. Due to the lack of sensitivity of artificial digestion with a magnetic stirrer which was applied in the study, the true prevalence is estimated to be considerably higher in the area of in- vestigation. Confirming the infection in domestic pigs and a wide distribution in wild boars in the area of investigation, the present paper should influence the growing awareness of alariosis as a potential human dis- ease. The meat from free-range domestic pigs and game meat as a potential source of alariosis should always be adequately thermally treated before consumption.
    [Show full text]
  • Binder 060, Diplostomidae Alariinae A-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Trematoda Taxon Notebooks Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of February 2021 Binder 060, Diplostomidae Alariinae A-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks] Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/trematoda Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Parasitic Diseases Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, "Binder 060, Diplostomidae Alariinae A-Z [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]" (2021). Trematoda Taxon Notebooks. 56. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/trematoda/56 This Portfolio is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Trematoda Taxon Notebooks by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. -- -....... _ - -- ' ' • •• ·i .,;. - ' D1plostomg t 1dae Famille Alariidae Tuhangui, 1922. Diagnose. - StrigcoidPa : Corp:-. urdinairement divise nette­ ment en deux regions - partie anterieurP aplatic, concave ventralement; partie posterieur,, coniquP, cylindriquP ou ovo1de - ou morphologiqucment imlivis, Jinguiforml"'. Presence ou absence de glandes cephaliques debouchant dans des pseudo­ ventouses laterales. OrganP adhesif de structure simple, mais de forme variable, circulaire, el1iptique ou tres alJonge ; cavite avec ou sans papilles et glande sous-jac0nte. AbsPnce de cirre et de poche du cirre. Pore genital subterminal, sur le cote dorsal. TPsti­ cules situes ordinairement l'un derriere l'autre et en arriere de l'ovaire. Hotcs : Mammiferes, Ois<'aux Pt Crocodiles. Larve metacercairt> du type Diplostom11f11m, Nea.'icit.'i ou Tylo­ 1 delphys • ' ... - :"· ~ . _;';. ' . ·~·! . ... ~ .. ·:--. -. DlPLOSTO~llll.\E l'll1ri1·r, 18~1\ Famih· di:u.:11, ,-i- 4 \ II t l:e kl'IOWfl d1pfo!lfo,nid ,enef'- .fn,m w,iwt11n /$ btltJn'4 f-o t 1w sub- i.1111:1.
    [Show full text]