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Download This PDF File Aquatic Science & Management, Edisi Khusus 1, 17-25 (Mei 2013) ISSN 2337-4403 Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi e-ISSN 2337-5000 http://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jasm/index jasm-pn00018 A study on potential development of fisheries resources in the coastal area of Tolitoli Regency Kajian potensi pengembangan sumberdaya perikanan di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Tolitoli Yuliani 1*, Eddy Mantjoro 2, Adnan Wantasen 2, and Markus T. Lasut 2 1 Program Studi Ilmu Perairan, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi.Jl. Kampus Unsrat Kleak, Manado 95115, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. 2 Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan,Universitas Sam Ratulangi.Jl. Kampus Unsrat Bahu, Manado 95115, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. * E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract: Tolitoli is one of regencies in Central Sulawesi province that has fisheries and marine resources which are potentially exploited and developed. The total area of Tolitoli regency is 4079.77 km² land and 3008.59 oceans km² area with a long range 453.98 km coastline. Administratively, Tolitoli consists of 10 districts (9 of which are districts that have coastal areas), 104 villages (60 of which are coastal villages) and 43 islands (13 inhabited islands and 30 uninhabited islands) which are small islands scattered along the coastal areas. In addition, Tolitoli have 3 outer islands bordering neighboring country: Lingayan Island, Island Salando and Dolangan Island. Resource potential and development of coastal fisheries Tolitoli has an area of 707 ha of mangrove and coral 11568.5 ha. For mariculture potential is around 2011, 10.800 ha with a total production 702.4 tonnes, inland aquaculture 4250 ha with a total production of 499 tonnes. Cathing fisheries was exploited in 2011 for approximately 30009.21 tonnes/year by the number of RTP 2500 households. As for the potential location of fish processing is 29 000 M² with a production of 210.3 tonnes. For tourism potential there are 14 potential tourism attractions that can be favored by local governments to be developed© Keywords: fisheries; coastal areas; Tolitoli Regency. Abstrak: Kabupaten Tolitoli merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah yang memiliki sumberdaya perikanan dan kelautan yang potensial untuk dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan. Luas Kabupaten Tolitoli yaitu 4.079,77 km² daratan dan 3.008,59 km² wilayah lautan dengan panjang garis pantai berkisar 453,98 km. Secara administratif, Kabupaten Tolitoli terdiri dari 10 kecamatan (9 di antaranya merupakan kecamatan yang mempunyai wilayah pesisir) dan jumlah desa sebanyak 104 (jumlah desa pesisir sebanyak 60) serta mempunyai 43 pulau (13 pulau berpenghuni dan 30 pulau tidak berpenghuni) yang merupakan pulau-pulau kecil yang tersebar di sepanjang wilayah pesisir. Selain itu, Kabupaten Tolitoli memiliki 3 pulau terluar yang berbatasan dengan negara tetangga Malaysia, yaitu Pulau Lingayan, Pulau Salando, dan Pulau Dolangan.Potensi sumberdaya dan pengembangan perikanan pesisir Kabupaten Tolitoli memiliki ekosistem mangrove seluas 707 Ha, Karang 11.568,5 Ha.Untuk potensi budidaya laut tahun 2011 seluas10.800 Ha dengan jumlah produksi 702,4 ton,budidaya perikanan darat/tambak 4.250 Ha dengan jumlah produksi 499 ton. Potensi perikanan tangkap yang termanfaatkan pada tahun 2011 sekitar 30.009,21 ton/tahun dengan jumlah RTP 2.500 KK. Sedangkan untuk luas lokasi potensi pengolahan hasil perikanan yaitu 29.000 M² dengan produksi 210,3 ton. Untuk potensi pariwisata terdapat 14 objek wisata yang dapat diunggulkan oleh pemerintah daerah untuk dikembangkan© Kata-kata kunci: perikanan; wilayah pesisir; Kabupaten Tolitoli. PENDAHULUAN lain, seperti transportasi dan pelabuhan, kawasan industri, agribisnis dan agroindustri, rekreasi dan Wilayah pesisir dan lautan Indonesia yang kaya pariwisata, kawasan pemukiman serta tempat akan kandungan sumberdaya alam telah pembuangan limbah. dimanfaatkan oleh bangsa Indonesia sebagai salah Potensi sumberdaya perikanan diharapkan satu sumber bahan pangan, khususnya protein. dapat didayagunakan dalam pembangunan nasional, Selain menyediakan berbagai sumberdaya tersebut, terutama untuk menyediakan bahan pangan, wilayah pesisir Indonesia memiliki berbagai fungsi meningkatkan devisa negara melalui kegiatan 17 Aquatic Science & Management, Edisi Khusus 1 (Mei 2013) ekspor, menyediakan kesempatan kerja dan strategis berupa potensi sumberdaya alam dan jasa- berusaha meningkatkan pendapatan nelayan, serta jasa lingkungan yang sangat rentan terhadap memelihara kelestarian sumberdaya. Langkah awal berbagai perubahan akibat pembangunan, dan yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan adalah mempunyai fungsi yang terkait satu dengan yang menyediakan data dan informasi yang dapat lain, sehingga pengembangan dan pemanfaatan mendukung penyusunan kebijakan pembangunan potensi sumberdaya pesisir memerlukan pengaturan di sektor perikanan dan kelautan. secara terencana dan terpadu. Penelitian ini dikatakan penting karena Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada, maka didasarkan pada beberapa alasan, yaitu: (1) rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Kabupaten Tolitoli merupakan kabupaten yang bahwa potensi sumberdaya perikanan di wilayah sebagian besar merupakan wilayah pesisir dan pesisir Kabupaten Tolitoli belum dimanfaatkan memiliki potensi perikanan yang cukup besar, perlu secara optimal dan dirasakan sepenuhnya oleh mendapat perhatian baik dari pemerintah pusat masyarakat nelayan; kurangnya pemahaman maupun pemerintah daerah untuk pengembangan di terhadap masalah sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan berbagai sektor kelautan dan perikanan; dan (2) hidup yang bermunculan di wilayah pesisir di mana sebagai daerah yang memiliki potensi sumberdaya mempengaruhi kesejahteraan masyarakat; kondisi perikanan yang cukup besar, dipandang perlu untuk masyarakat pesisir Kabupaten Tolitoli khususnya menyediakan data rill dan akurat guna membantu nelayan pada umumnya mempunyai tingkat pengembangan program penyusunan kebijakan dan kesejahteraan yang rendah, rendahnya tingkat perencanaan pengelolaan pesisir dan kelautan yang pendidikan, sarana dan prasarana penunjang yang terintegrasi sehingga pengelolaannya dapat lebih belum memadai dan; belum akuratnya data potensi efektif dan tepat sasaran. sumberdaya perikanan di wilayah pesisir. Menurut Dahuri (2003) potensi Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini antara lain pembangunan yang terdapat di wilayah pesisir dan sebagai berikut: mengumpulkan data tentang lautan secara garis besar terdiri dari dua kelompok, sumberdaya alam dan sumberdaya manusia di yaitu: sumberdaya dapat pulih (renewable wilayah pesisir dan menganalisis data tersebut resources) dan sumberdaya tidak dapat pulih (non untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai potensi renewable resources). Sumberdaya yang dapat sumberdaya perikanan di wilayah pesisir; pulih seperti mangrove, terumbu karang, lamun, menentukan prioritas urutan pengembangan guna rumput laut dan sumberdaya perikanan. menunjang percepatan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan; Sumberdaya tak dapat pulih meliputi seluruh menyediakan data base bagi rencana pengembangan mineral dan geologi. Untuk itu Sunyowati (2009) ekonomi pada sub sektor lain. menyatakan wilayah pesisir mempunyai nilai Gambar 1. Peta Kabupaten Tolitoli 18 Yuliani et al.: A study on potential development of fisheries resources in the coastal area… MATERIAL DAN METODE pengambilan data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh lewat wawancara Tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten langsung dengan alat bantu kuisioner yang Tolitoli Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah, dengan lokasi dilakukan kepada responden berbagai stakeholder pada instansi pemerintah dan lembaga yang terkait, antara lain; ketua-ketua kelompok nelayan, nelayan serta melakukan pendataan di 9 kecamatan yang itu sendiri, aparat desa dan kecamatan, tokoh-tokoh merupakan wilayah pesisir yaitu Dampal Selatan, masyarakat serta LSM. Sedangkan data sekunder Dampal Utara, Dondo, Basidondo, Ogodeide, merupakan sumber data penelitian yang diperoleh Baolan, Galang, Dakopemean, dan Tolitoli Utara. peneliti secara tidak langsung melalui media Dengan mengambil desa sampel 25 desa masing- perantara (diperoleh dan dicatat oleh pihak lain) masing kecamatan rata-rata mengambil 3 desa berupa bukti, catatan atau laporan historis yang sampel yaitu Desa Dongko, Soni, Tampiala, telah disusun dalam arsip. Adapun data sekunder ini Bambapula, Ogotua, Malambigu, Malala, bersumber dari data sebagai berikut: data dari DKP, Tinabogan, Malomba, Sibaluton, Pulias, Sambujan, BAPPEDA, BPS, Dinas Kehutanan dan Dinas Labuan Lobo, Lelean Nono, Kelurahan Baru, Pariwisata. Kelurahan Sidoarjo, Ogomoli, Ginunggung, Lalos, Variable data yang dikumpulkan dalam Galumpang, Dungingis, Kapas, Lingadan, Teluk penelitian ini yaitu: potensi sumberdaya perikanan, Jaya, Santigi dan Laulalang (Gambar 1). potensi sumberdaya manusia, pulau-pulau Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yang dalam kecil/pulau terluar, sarana dan prasarana perikanan. arti luas dikenal dengan istilah penelitian survei. Dari data primer yang diperoleh, peneliti melakukan Dalam survei, informasi dikumpulkan dari pengelompokan berdasarkan sumber data, responden melalui kuesioner dan untuk kemudian data tersebut ditabulasi berdasarkan Gambar 2. Diagram Alir Kerangka Teoritis Kajian Potensi PengembanganSumberdayaPerikanan Wilayah Pesisir di Kabupaten Tolitoli Gambar 2. Diagram Alir Kerangka Teoritis Kajian Potensi PengembanganSumberdaya Perikanan Wilayah Pesisir di Kabupaten Tolitoli 19 Aquatic Science & Management, Edisi Khusus 1 (Mei 2013) variabel yang diamati.
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