Universidade De Brasília Instituto De Ciências Sociais Departamento De Antropologia Programa De Pó S-Graduação Em Antropolo

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Universidade De Brasília Instituto De Ciências Sociais Departamento De Antropologia Programa De Pó S-Graduação Em Antropolo UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS DEPARTAMENTO DE ANTROPOLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓ S-GRADUAÇÃO EM ANTROPOLOGIA SOCIAL “Cuidado!” in urban Brazil: An auto-ethnographic discussion of fear and safety in public space Han Hui Tseng Brasilia 2019 Han Hui Tseng “Cuidado!” in urban Brazil: An auto-ethnographic discussion of fear and safety in public space Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Antropologia Social da Universidade de Brasília, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Antropologia. Orientadora: Cristina Patriota de Moura Brasilia 2019 Han Hui Tseng “Cuidado!” in urban Brazil: An auto-ethnographic discussion of fear and safety in public space Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Antropologia Social da Universidade de Brasília, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Antropologia. Orientadora: Cristina Patriota de Moura Avaliado em: 27/08/2019 Aprovado em: 27/08/2019 BANCA EXAMINADORA _______________________________________________ Cristina Patriota de Moura (DAN/UnB – Presidenta da Banca) _______________________________________________ Bianca Stella Pinheiro de Freire Medeiros (DS/FFLCH/USP) _______________________________________________ Maria Fernanda Derntl (FAU/UnB) _______________________________________________ Soraya Resende Fleischer (DAN/UnB – Suplente) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AGRADECIMENTOS 致謝 First of all, I would like to express my great appreciation to my advising professor Cristiana Patriota de Moura for the valuable suggestions, encouragements, and patience during the planning and development of the research. Without your guidance, it would not be possible to complete this dissertation. I would also like to express my gratitude to Professor Bianca Freire-Medeiros and Professor Maria Fernanda Derntl for participating in the committee of my dissertation defense and providing their professional advice. And thank Filipe, to be my motivation and my inspiration, to be by my side and encourage me to complete what I have to do. Thanks for your love and support for me to be who I truly am. Wǒ ài nǐ. Agradeço à minha família brasileira: papai João Bosco, mamãe Sara, Bianca, Thauany, João Guilherme e Mel. Foram vocês quem me ensinaram como viver em Brasília, falar português, curtir a vida brasileira. Obrigada por ser minha família! Agradeço às todas amigas e amigos pelo tanto amor e carinho e que nunca me deixaram me sentir sozinha: Raissa, Bruno, Cida, Alice, Ludmila, Jéssica, Sandra, Dana, Aruan, Fernanda, Lego-lego, Maristela, Ana Paula, Edinaide, Luciana, Hiroshi, Aline, Lee, Huiping, Catarina, a família do Peter, e a embaixada de Taiwan no Brasil. Agradeço à minha família da capoeira, o grupo do Mestre Mancha e Mestranda Benguela. Que vocês continuem essa alegria e energia da cultura brasileira num caminho cheio de axé. Salve! Agradeço aos meus amigos e amigas na Rocinha que me permitiram entrar na suas casas e a comunidade; compartilharam comigo as histórias, os sentimentos, as filosofias da vida. Em especial, agradeço à creche ASPA, aos meus bebês e às todas colegas, à Favela Phoenix English school e aos estudantes, ao projeto Refúgio e Fortaleza e às crianças. Agradeço aos colegas da turma de PPGAS/DAN de ano 2017 pela amizade e companhia no meio acadêmico, aqueles sorrisos e abraços sempre que nos encontrávamos na UnB ou na rua de Brasília. Vocês são muito melhores do que eu poderia imaginar. 謝謝我在巴西利亞的好夥伴 Woody。謝謝你總堅毅地向我展現在前方的路,並把你家變 成我的小避風港,有你和 Brownie 的陪伴,讓沙漠生活不那麼難挨,也不讓人後悔。 感謝我在台灣的朋友們,尤其是怡蓁、維屏、乙臻、義凱、百岑。定時的跨洋訊息與通 話,為在異鄉冒險的我帶來滿滿的關心與鼓勵,也因為有你們的聆聽與建議,協助我一 一排解生活與生命上的難題。 最後,感謝我最親愛的家人們:爸爸炳華、媽媽恒旭、弟弟柏學、阿姨恒妃、表弟杰鑫、 表弟奕德、外婆沈玉。謝謝你們比我更加勇敢,給予我無條件的愛與信任、支持我在地 球另一端求學闖蕩;我愛你們! “You have never felt afraid, right?” “You are not afraid of anything, right?” To understand how I managed to travel to Brazil and live in Brasilia and Rio de Janeiro, many people supposed that I don’t have fear. (Han Hui Tseng) ABSTRACT “Cuidado! (Be careful)” is one of the most frequent sayings I received along my urban life in Brazil. This dissertation focuses on analyzing the safety advice and warnings that I received in two urban places: the middle-class neighborhood in the South Wing of Brasilia and the favela Rocinha in Rio de Janeiro, where I stayed most of the time. Putting myself as the method and as the subject, auto-ethnography is applied in this work to narrate my life experience. From my position as a foreigner in Brazil, I make a comparison regarding safety and violence in two distinct urban places and discuss the urban space, public security and violence in Brazil as well as my own sentiments towards danger and fear. Throughout the exploration, different elements in Brazilian society are involved and elaborated on, including gender, age, ethnicity, class, status, place-based identity, social standing, and family life. Keywords: Urban anthropology, Brasilia, Rocinha, favela RESUMO “Cuidado!” é um dos ditos mais frequentes que recebi ao longo da minha vida urbana no Brasil. Esta dissertação se centra em analisar os conselhos e avisos de segurança que recebi nos dois lugares urbanos onde passei a maior parte do tempo: o bairro de classe média na Ala Sul de Brasília e a favela Rocinha no Rio de Janeiro. Ao me colocar como o método e como o sujeito, a auto-etnografia é aplicada neste trabalho para narrar a experiênciavivida. Partindo de minha posição como uma estrangeira no Brasil, faço uma comparação sobre segurança e violência dos dois lugares urbanos distintos e falo sobre o espaço urbano, a segurança e violência pública do Brasil, assim como meus sentimentos em relação ao perigo e ao medo. Ao longo da dissertação, os elementos diferentes da sociedade brasileira são envolvidos e elaborados, incluindo gênero, idade, etnia, classe, status, identidade baseada no lugar, posição social e vida familiar. Palavras-chaves: Antropologia urbana, Brasília, Rocinha, favela LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Image 1 – The residential sector 703 South……………………………………………………………..……………..37 Image 2 – The schools at the surroundings…………………………………………………………………...………..38 Image 3 – The alleys are perpendicular to the streets……………………………………………………..………45 Image 4 - Six blocks for discussion of tree pruning………………………………………………………..………..49 Image 5 – Locations and routes of the homeless……………………………………………………………….…….52 Image 6 – The pavilion on the square occupied by the homeless……………………………………………..54 Image 7 - Rocinha. The tall apartments in the beachfront belongs to São Conrado…………………...67 Image 8 – The tourists attended a favela tour walking along the main street, Estrada de Gávea..69 Image 9 – The lower part entrance of Rocinha……………………………………………………………….……….72 Image 10 – Even in the night, Rocinha is still bustling and shining with business activities………74 Image 11 – The map of Rocinha with names of main areas……………………………………………………..84 Image 12– One of the alleys. Each alley could lead to hundreds or even thousands of houses…...89 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Agefis Agência de Fiscalização do Distrito Federal Federal District Agency for Territorial Surveillance ASPA Creche Ação Social Padre Anchieta Centro POP Centro de Referência Especializado para Pessoas em Situação de Rua, Specialized Reference Center for Street People CUFA Central Única das Favelas GDF Governo do Distrito Federal Government of Federal District SAE/PR Secretaria de Assuntos Estratégicos da Presidência da República Secretaty of Strategic Affairs of Republic Presidency SHIGS Setor Habitacional Individual Geminada Sul Attached Individual Residential Sector of South Wing Terracap A Companhia Imobiliária de Brasília Agency of Development of Federal District UDF UDF Centro Universitário Federal District University Center UPP Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora Pacifying Police Unit GLOSSARY OF PORTUGUESE TERMS abadá white capoeira pants açaí Brazilian berry smoothie adolescentes Bin Laden Bin Laden adolescents aquele domingo that Sunday balão traffic circle bandido bandit beco alley bloco block, cluster of houses caminho path, way canaleta water channel capoeirista capoeira player casa home, house classe perigosa dangerous class coletivos de confiança trust groups cuidado be careful dono; dono de morro the owner of the hill, the leader of drug trafficking group eixo axis escadarias staircases favela slum favelado favela resident filha do coração daughter of the heart filho/a do sangue son/daughter of the blood flanelinhas irregular car guardians gente boa nice guy gringo foreigner, often a white person guerra war ladrão thief laje rooftop lei do silêncio the silence law livre-circulação free circulation mandamentos da favela commandments of the favela mata forest menina girl meu filho my son minha filha my daughter moça miss, younger lady olheiro watchman pamonha sweetcorn dumpling pastel fried pastry paz peace permissão para matar permission to kill povo people praça square prefeito de quadra superblock mayor quadra block rodoviária central bus station rua street senhora miss sociabilidade violenta violent sociability superquadra super-block tiroteio shooting trabalhador worker traficante drug trafficker tranquilidade peace transgressões transgressions velha guarda old guard via way SUMMARY INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………..……………………………1 From Taiwan to Brazil…………………………………………………………………………..……………...2 Public Space in Brazil…………………………………………………………………………..……………....3 Methodology: Auto-ethnography………………………………………………………………………….4 Summary of chapters…………………………………………………………………………..……………....5 CHAPTER 1 – Into two places:
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