SDI Video Bit Rate Calculation
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Iagrams TH EW)
iagrams TH EW) TP07 TP10 TP08 TP09 TP09 TP01 TP06 TP10 TP08 TP05 TP07 TP03 TP02 TP04 : Power Lin : Signal Lin TP12 TP13 TP15 TP11 TP14 TP22 TP23 TP23 TP22 TP24 TP16 TP18 TP17 TP25 TP21 TP19 TP24 TP20 TP25 TP32 TP33 TP35 TP26 TP33 TP34 TP34 TP27 TP32 TP35 TP31 TP28 TP29 TP30 : Power Line : Signal Line -EW) H Alignment and Adjustments 4-4 FOCUS Adjustment 1. Input a black and white signal. 2. Adjust the tuning control for the clearest picture. 3. Adjust the FOCUS control for well defined scanning lines in the center area of the screen. 4-5 SCREEN Adjustment 1. Input Toshiba Pattern 2. Enter “Service Mode”.(Refer to “4-8-1 Service Mode”) 3. Select “G2-Adjust”. 4. Set the values as below. Table 1. Screen Adjustment Table COLR G B No INCH / CRT REGION IBRM WDRV CDL (Smallest Value) 1 14” / SDI 205 35 100 100 Noraml 220 35 180 100 2 15PF / SDI 215 35 100 100 CIS 3 21” 1.7R / SDI 220 35 180 100 4 21” 1.7R / JCT 220 35 200 150 5 21PF / TSB 220 35 180 65 Noraml 6 21PF / LG 230 35 230 65 7 21PF / SDI 220 35 210 65 8 25PF / SDI 210 35 160 120 9 29” 1.3R / SDI 200 35 170 150 5. Turn the SCREEN VR until “MRCR G B” and “MRWDG” are green and those value are about 100. (The incorrect SCREEN Voltage may result that “MRCR G B” and “MRWDG” should be red) 4-2 Samsung Electronics Alignment and Adjustments 4-6 E2PROM (IC902) Replacement 1. -
Digital Speech Processing— Lecture 17
Digital Speech Processing— Lecture 17 Speech Coding Methods Based on Speech Models 1 Waveform Coding versus Block Processing • Waveform coding – sample-by-sample matching of waveforms – coding quality measured using SNR • Source modeling (block processing) – block processing of signal => vector of outputs every block – overlapped blocks Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 2 Model-Based Speech Coding • we’ve carried waveform coding based on optimizing and maximizing SNR about as far as possible – achieved bit rate reductions on the order of 4:1 (i.e., from 128 Kbps PCM to 32 Kbps ADPCM) at the same time achieving toll quality SNR for telephone-bandwidth speech • to lower bit rate further without reducing speech quality, we need to exploit features of the speech production model, including: – source modeling – spectrum modeling – use of codebook methods for coding efficiency • we also need a new way of comparing performance of different waveform and model-based coding methods – an objective measure, like SNR, isn’t an appropriate measure for model- based coders since they operate on blocks of speech and don’t follow the waveform on a sample-by-sample basis – new subjective measures need to be used that measure user-perceived quality, intelligibility, and robustness to multiple factors 3 Topics Covered in this Lecture • Enhancements for ADPCM Coders – pitch prediction – noise shaping • Analysis-by-Synthesis Speech Coders – multipulse linear prediction coder (MPLPC) – code-excited linear prediction (CELP) • Open-Loop Speech Coders – two-state excitation -
Audio Coding for Digital Broadcasting
Recommendation ITU-R BS.1196-7 (01/2019) Audio coding for digital broadcasting BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rec. ITU-R BS.1196-7 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio- frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. -
AXI Reference Guide
AXI Reference Guide [Guide Subtitle] [optional] UG761 (v13.4) January 18, 2012 [optional] Xilinx is providing this product documentation, hereinafter “Information,” to you “AS IS” with no warranty of any kind, express or implied. Xilinx makes no representation that the Information, or any particular implementation thereof, is free from any claims of infringement. You are responsible for obtaining any rights you may require for any implementation based on the Information. All specifications are subject to change without notice. XILINX EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY WHATSOEVER WITH RESPECT TO THE ADEQUACY OF THE INFORMATION OR ANY IMPLEMENTATION BASED THEREON, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS THAT THIS IMPLEMENTATION IS FREE FROM CLAIMS OF INFRINGEMENT AND ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Except as stated herein, none of the Information may be copied, reproduced, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted, or transmitted in any form or by any means including, but not limited to, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Xilinx. © Copyright 2012 Xilinx, Inc. XILINX, the Xilinx logo, Virtex, Spartan, Kintex, Artix, ISE, Zynq, and other designated brands included herein are trademarks of Xilinx in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ARM® and AMBA® are registered trademarks of ARM in the EU and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Revision History The following table shows the revision history for this document: . Date Version Description of Revisions 03/01/2011 13.1 Second Xilinx release. -
TMS320C6000 U-Law and A-Law Companding with Software Or The
Application Report SPRA634 - April 2000 TMS320C6000t µ-Law and A-Law Companding with Software or the McBSP Mark A. Castellano Digital Signal Processing Solutions Todd Hiers Rebecca Ma ABSTRACT This document describes how to perform data companding with the TMS320C6000 digital signal processors (DSP). Companding refers to the compression and expansion of transfer data before and after transmission, respectively. The multichannel buffered serial port (McBSP) in the TMS320C6000 supports two companding formats: µ-Law and A-Law. Both companding formats are specified in the CCITT G.711 recommendation [1]. This application report discusses how to use the McBSP to perform data companding in both the µ-Law and A-Law formats. This document also discusses how to perform companding of data not coming into the device but instead located in a buffer in processor memory. Sample McBSP setup codes are provided for reference. In addition, this application report discusses µ-Law and A-Law companding in software. The appendix provides software companding codes and a brief discussion on the companding theory. Contents 1 Design Problem . 2 2 Overview . 2 3 Companding With the McBSP. 3 3.1 µ-Law Companding . 3 3.1.1 McBSP Register Configuration for µ-Law Companding. 4 3.2 A-Law Companding. 4 3.2.1 McBSP Register Configuration for A-Law Companding. 4 3.3 Companding Internal Data. 5 3.3.1 Non-DLB Mode. 5 3.3.2 DLB Mode . 6 3.4 Sample C Functions. 6 4 Companding With Software. 6 5 Conclusion . 7 6 References . 7 TMS320C6000 is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated. -
Bit Rate Adaptation Using Linear Quadratic Optimization for Mobile Video Streaming
applied sciences Article Bit Rate Adaptation Using Linear Quadratic Optimization for Mobile Video Streaming Young-myoung Kang 1 and Yeon-sup Lim 2,* 1 Network Business, Samsung Electronics, Suwon 16677, Korea; [email protected] 2 Department of Convergence Security Engineering, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 02844, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-920-7144 Abstract: Video streaming application such as Youtube is one of the most popular mobile applications. To adjust the quality of video for available network bandwidth, a streaming server provides multiple representations of video of which bit rate has different bandwidth requirements. A streaming client utilizes an adaptive bit rate (ABR) scheme to select a proper representation that the network can support. However, in mobile environments, incorrect decisions of an ABR scheme often cause playback stalls that significantly degrade the quality of user experience, which can easily happen due to network dynamics. In this work, we propose a control theory (Linear Quadratic Optimization)- based ABR scheme to enhance the quality of experience in mobile video streaming. Our simulation study shows that our proposed ABR scheme successfully mitigates and shortens playback stalls while preserving the similar quality of streaming video compared to the state-of-the-art ABR schemes. Keywords: dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP; adaptive bit rate scheme; control theory 1. Introduction Video streaming constitutes a large fraction of current Internet traffic. In particular, video streaming accounts for more than 65% of world-wide mobile downstream traffic [1]. Commercial streaming services such as YouTube and Netflix are implemented based on Citation: Kang, Y.-m.; Lim, Y.-s. -
A Predictive H.263 Bit-Rate Control Scheme Based on Scene
A PRJ3DICTIVE H.263 BIT-RATE CONTROL SCHEME BASED ON SCENE INFORMATION Pohsiang Hsu and K. J. Ray Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland at College Park College Park, Maryland, USA ABSTRACT is typically constant bit rate (e.g. PSTN). Under this cir- cumstance, the encoder’s output bit-rate must be regulated For many real-time visual communication applications such to meet the transmission bandwidth in order to guaran- as video telephony, the transmission channel in used is typ- tee a constant frame rate and delay. Given the channel ically constant bit rate (e.g. PSTN). Under this circum- rate and a target frame rate, we derive the target bits per stance, the encoder’s output bit-rate must be regulated to frame by distribute the channel rate equally to each hme. meet the transmission bandwidth in order to guarantee a Ffate control is typically based on varying the quantization constant frame rate and delay. In this work, we propose a paraneter to meet the target bit budget for each frame. new predictive rate control scheme based on the activity of Many rate control scheme for the block-based DCT/motion the scene to be coded for H.263 encoder compensation video encoders have been proposed in the past. These rate control algorithms are typically focused on MPEG video coding standards. Rate-Distortion based rate 1. INTRODUCTION control for MPEG using Lagrangian optimization [4] have been proposed in the literature. These methods require ex- In the past few years, emerging demands for digital video tensive,rate-distortion measurements and are unsuitable for communication applications such as video conferencing, video real time applications. -
MC44CM373/4 Audio/Video RF CMOS Fact Sheet
Audio/Video RF CMOS Modulators MC44CM373/4 The MC44CM373/MC44CM374 CMOS family of RF modulators is the latest generation of the legacy MC44BS373/4 family of devices. The MC44CM373/4 RF modulators are designed for use in VCRs, set-top boxes and similar devices. They support multiple standards and can be programmed to support PAL, SECAM or NTSC formats. The devices are programmed by a high-speed I2C bus. The MC44CM373/374 family is backward compatible with the previous I2C control software, providing a smooth transition for system upgrades. A programmable, internal Phase-Lock Loop (PLL), with an on-chip, cost-effective tank covers the full UHF range. The modulators incorporate a programmable, on-chip, sound subcarrier oscillator that covers all broadcast standards. No external tank Orderable Part Numbers circuit components are required, reducing New Part Number Replaces PCB complexity and the need for external MC44BS373CAD adjustments. The PLL obtains its reference MC44CM373CAEF MC44BS373CAEF from a cost-effective 4 MHz crystal oscillator. MC44BS373CAFC The devices are available in a 16-pin SOIC, MC44CM373CASEF (secondary I2C address) MC44BS373CAFC Pb-free package. These parts are functionally MC44BS374CAD MC44CM374CAEF equivalent to the MC44BS373/4 series, but MC44BS374CAEF are not direct drop-in replacements. MC44BS374T1D MC44BS374T1EF All devices now include the aux input found MC44CM374T1AEF MC44BS374T1AD previously only on the 20-pin package MC44BS374T1AEF option. This is a direct input for a modulated subcarrier and is useful in BTSC or NICAM Typical Applications stereo sound or other subcarrier applications. The MC44CM373 and MC44CM374 RF modulators are intended for applications The MC44CM373CASEF has a secondary I2C within IP/DSL, digital terrestrial, satellite address for applications using two modulators or cable set-top boxes, VCRs and DVD on one I2C Bus. -
High Definition Analog Component Measurements
Application Note High Definition Analog Component Measurements Requirements for Measuring Analog Component HD Signals for Video Devices The transition to digital has enabled great strides in the of these devices. When an image is captured by a color processing of video signals, allowing a variety of camera and converted from light to an electrical signal, techniques to be applied to the video image. Despite the signal is comprised of three components - Red, these benefits, the final signal received by the customer Green and Blue (RGB). From the combination of these is still converted to an analog signal for display on a three signals, a representation of the original image can be picture monitor. With the proliferation of a wide variety conveyed to a color display. The various video processing of digital devices - set-top boxes, Digital Versatile Disk systems within the signal paths need to process the (DVD) players and PC cards - comes a wide range of three components identically, in order not to introduce video formats in addition to the standard composite any amplitude or channel timing errors. Each of the three output. It is therefore necessary to understand the components R’G’B’ (the ( ’ ) indicates that the signal requirements for measuring analog component High has been gamma corrected) has identical bandwidth, Definition (HD) signals in order to test the performance which increases complexity within the digital domain. High Definition Analog Component Measurements Application Note Y’, R’-Y’, B’-Y’, Commonly Used for Analog Component Analog Video Format 1125/60/2:1 750/60/1:1 525/59.94/1:1, 625/50/1:1 Y’ 0.2126 R’ + 0.7152 G’ + 0.0722 B’ 0.299 R’ + 0.587 G’ + 0.114 B’ R’-Y’ 0.7874 R’ - 0.7152 G’ - 0.0722 B’ 0.701 R’ - 0.587 G’ - 0.114 B’ B’-Y’ - 0.2126 R’ - 0.7152 G’ + 0.9278 B’ - 0.299 R’ - 0.587 G’ + 0.886 B’ Table 1. -
Understanding HD and 3G-SDI Video Poster
Understanding HD & 3G-SDI Video EYE DIGITAL SIGNAL TIMING EYE DIAGRAM The eye diagram is constructed by overlaying portions of the sampled data stream until enough data amplitude is important because of its relation to noise, and because the Y', R'-Y', B'-Y', COMMONLY USED FOR ANALOG COMPONENT ANALOG VIDEO transitions produce the familiar display. A unit interval (UI) is defined as the time between two adjacent signal receiver estimates the required high-frequency compensation (equalization) based on the Format 1125/60/2:1 750/60/1:1 525/59.94/2:1, 625/50/2:1, 1250/50/2:1 transitions, which is the reciprocal of clock frequency. UI is 3.7 ns for digital component 525 / 625 (SMPTE remaining half-clock-frequency energy as the signal arrives. Incorrect amplitude at the Y’ 0.2126 R' + 0.7152 G' + 0.0722 B' 0.299 R' + 0.587 G' + 0.114 B' 259M), 673.4 ps for digital high-definition (SMPTE 292) and 336.7ps for 3G-SDI serial digital (SMPTE 424M) sending end could result in an incorrect equalization applied at the receiving end, thus causing Digital video synchronization is provided by End of Active Video (EAV) and Start of Active Video (SAV) sequences which start with a R'-Y' 0.7874 R' - 0.7152 G' - 0.0722 B' 0.701 R' - 0.587 G' - 0.114 B' as shown in Table 1. A serial receiver determines if the signal is “high” or “low” in the center of each eye, and signal distortions. Overshoot of the rising and falling edge should not exceed 10% of the waveform HORIZONTAL LINE TIMING unique three word pattern: 3FFh (all bits in the word set to 1), 000h (all 0’s), 000h (all 0’s), followed by a fourth “XYZ” word whose B'-Y' -0.2126 R' - 0.7152 G' + 0.9278 B' -0.299 R' - 0.587 G' + 0.886 B' detects the serial data. -
VPC 3205C, VPC 3215C Video Processor Family
PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET MICRONAS VPC 3205C, VPC 3215C Video Processor Family Edition Oct. 19, 1998 6251-457-2PD MICRONAS VPC 3205C, VPC 3215C PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET Contents Page Section Title 4 1. Introduction 4 1.1. System Architecture 4 1.2. Video Processor Family 5 1.3. VPC Applications 6 2. Functional Description 6 2.1. Analog Front-End 6 2.1.1. Input Selector 6 2.1.2. Clamping 6 2.1.3. Automatic Gain Control 6 2.1.4. Analog-to-Digital Converters 6 2.1.5. Digitally Controlled Clock Oscillator 6 2.1.6. Analog Video Output 7 2.2. Adaptive Comb Filter 7 2.3. Color Decoder 8 2.3.1. IF-Compensation 8 2.3.2. Demodulator 8 2.3.3. Chrominance Filter 9 2.3.4. Frequency Demodulator 9 2.3.5. Burst Detection 9 2.3.6. Color Killer Operation 9 2.3.7. PAL Compensation/1-H Comb Filter 10 2.3.8. Luminance Notch Filter 10 2.3.9. Skew Filtering 11 2.4. Horizontal Scaler 11 2.5. Blackline Detector 11 2.6. Control and Data Output Signals 11 2.6.1. Line-Locked Clock Generation 12 2.6.2. Sync Signals 12 2.6.3. DIGIT3000 Output Format 12 2.6.4. Line-Locked 4:2:2 Output Format 12 2.6.5. Line-Locked 4:1:1 Output Format 12 2.6.6. Output Code Levels 12 2.6.7. Output Signal Levels 12 2.6.8. Test Pattern Generator 13 2.6.9. Priority Bus Codec 13 2.7. -