DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyrighted Material

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyrighted Material Index Note: page numbers in italics refer to figures. A‐zooid, 68, 69 Amathia, 63 aragonite seas, 34–6, 240 Acanthocladia, 141, 167 amorphous calcium Arcanopora, Plate 8B Acanthodesia, 27, Plate 12A carbonate, 28 Archaeotrypa, 214 acanthostyles see styles Amphibiobeania, 163 Archimedes, 8, 9, 106, 123, 181, Achelia, 139–40 anagenesis, 237 224, Plate 7B Actinopora, 60, 146 Anasca, 17 areolae, 52, 86 Adalaria, 140 ancestrula, 9, 55, 56–8, 57, Arnaopora, 110 Adelascopora, 111 227–8 Arthrostylidae, 110 Adeona, 62, 76, 95–6, 110, 225, budding, 98 articulated colony, 94, 109–11, Plates 7D and 8D complex, 58 110, Plate 6E Adeonella, 54, 67, 196 tatiform, 57, 58 Ascodictyon, 17 Adeonellopsis, Plate 10G twinned, 58 Ascophora, 17, 228–30 adeoniform, 96, 108 androzooids, 65, 113 Ascopora, 75 Aechmellina, 55 Anisotrypa, 74 ascopore, 46, 47, 85–86 Aeolopora, 61 Anoigmaichnus, 145 ascus, 46 Aetea, 11, 14, 98 Anomalotoechus, Plate 4H Aspidostoma, 196 Aisenvergiidae, 204 Anoteropora, 36, 113 astogeny, 52–6 Akatopora, 73 Antarcticaetos, 42 Astrovidictya, 102 aktinostyles, 31 Antarctothoa, 65, 137 Atagma, 71, 143 Alcyonidium, 12, 17, 48, Antropora, 134, 143 attachment organ, 48 114, 140 aperture, 4, 5 Attinopora, 48 algal consortium hypothesis,COPYRIGHTED 31 Aplousina, Plate 6A MATERIALAulopora, 98, 145 algal epiphytes, 162 Apsendesia, 73 autofragmentation, 117 Allonema, 17 Arachnidium, 202, 215 automobility, 94, 113 Altshedata, 145 aragonite dissolution, 36, 37 autosyndrome, 10 Bryozoan Paleobiology, First Edition. Paul D. Taylor. © 2020 Natural History Museum. Published 2020 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 0004865606.INDD 311 6/16/2020 8:07:40 PM autozooids, 42–58 branching colonies, 94 Cambrian ‘bryozoans,’ 212–14 size, 42, 44 delicate, 94, Plate 6F–G cancelli, 88, 89 avicularia, 65–71, 66, 67, 69, robust, 94, Plate 6H–I cap‐like apparatus, 81 70, 143 brooding, 59–65 Carbasea, 59 adventitious, 54, 66, 67 duration, 60 carbonate compensation bird’s head, 67–8, 67 internal, 62, 63 depth, 164 giant, 66, 68 brood sac, 59 Cardioecia, 31 interzooidal, 66, 67 brown body, 2 Cardoarachnidium, 201, 202 oldest, 69–71, 69, 70 brown deposit, 3, Plate 4A Catellocaula, 147 vicarious, 66, 67 bryalgal bioherms, 169, Catenicellidae, 110 victims, 68 Plate 2G catenicelliform, 96 aviculomorphs, 72 Bryoconversor, 144 caudae, 42 axial bundle, 101, 102 bryoimmuration, 181, Plate 10I Cauloramphus, 61, 75, 143, axial cylinder, 101, 102 bryoliths, 114–16, 115, Plates 188, 229 axial zooids, 75 2C, 8F–G Cellaria, 15, 38, 95–6, 110, 151, bryostatin, 144 157, 169–70, Plate 6E B‐zooid, 68, 69 bryostromatolites, 153 cellariiform, 95–6 ‘Berenicea,’ 137 bryozoan habitats, 155–72 Cellarinella, 8, 152, 157, bacteria, 12, 151, 152, 153–4 bryozoarites, 176 Plate 7A balanuliths, 114 bud fusion, 100 Cellarinoides, 42 Barentsia, 163 budding Cellepora, 95–6 basal walls, 23 eruptive, 93, 100 Celleporaria, 68, 104, 145, 146, Batopora, 174 frontal, 6, 100 150, 162, 165, 171, Plates Batostoma, 29, 166 interzooecial, 101, Plate 4I 6D and 7C benthic islands, 161 intramural, 142–3, 143 Celleporella, 8, 65, 79, 99, 182, Bergmann’s Rule, 182 intrazooecial, 101 188–9 bifoliate colonies, 101, 108 intrazooidal, 134, 135 celleporiform, 95–6 Bimulticavea, 120 loci, 95 Celleporina, 39, 112, Plate 6I binders, 165, 167–8 multizooidal, 134, 135 Cellulipora, 121 bioclaustrations, 145, 146 rate, 9 Centronea, 121 biogeography, 191 reversed polarity, 142, 143 Ceramopora, 81 bioimmurations, 15, 16, 112 spiral, 100, 101 Ceriocava, 53, Plate 6H bioturbation, 115, 214, 241 Buckhorn asphalt, 27, 29 Ceriopora, 224 bipolar pair, 93, 103 Bugula, 8–9, 12, 27, 61, 67, 76, Chaeotosalpinx, 145, 147 Biselenaria, 100, 226 80, 127, 139–40, 144, 153, Chaperiopsis, 57 blades, 83 162–3, 165, 176, 189, 205 Charixa, 93 Blumenbachium, 24, 121 Bugulidae, 153 Chasmatopora, Plate 12F Bonellina, 226 Bugulina, 68, 123, 153, 189 Cheilostomata, 5, 17, 18 Boreasina, 229 Burnupena, 140–1 compared with cyclostomes, boring bryozoans see endolithic Buskia, 16 230–4 bryozoans phylogeny, 209 borings into bryozoans, 147, calcite seas, 34–6, 240 chimaeras, 10, 132 151, 152 calculi, 3 Chiplonkarina, 24, 49, 223, 224, Botryllopora, 64, 121 Callopora, 188 Plate 8N Bouchardia, 137 Calpensia, 47, 114, 162, Plate Chondriovelum, 169 branch bifurcation, 98, 101 8F–G cilia, 4, 49 312 INDEX 0004865606.INDD 312 6/16/2020 8:07:40 PM Cinctipora, 27, 156, 174–5 Constellaria, 121, Plate 10B Cyclostomata, 5, 17, 18, 19 class relationships, 200–1 convergent evolution, 6, 221–7 compared with cheilostomes, Clavopora, 15 Copidozoum, 18, 47 230–4 Clinopora, 195 coralliths, 115 compared with clonoteny, 7 Corambe, 140 palaeostomates, 227–8 closure plates, 52, 54, 223 Corbulella, 143 phylogeny, 207 cobble and pebble substrates, Corbulipora, 56 Cymodocea, 162 157–9 cormidial zooids, 88–9, 88 cyphonautes, 189–91, 209, 218 coelom, 2 Corynotrypa, 56, 93, 103, 137, cystid, 2 Coelotubipora, 75 143, 152, 154, 201, 202, 215 cystiphragms, 82, 121 cold seeps, 161–2 Coscinopleuridae, 9 Cystoporata, 17, 18, 19 collar (setigerous), 15, 129 costae, 46, 56, 73, 108, 221, Cystostroma, 166 collecting, 17–18 229, 230 collector curves, 239 Cradoscrupocellaria, 78 Dakariella, 185 colonial budding, 117 Crassimarginatella, 66 Dartevellopora, 164 colonial integration, 126–7 Crescis, 60 deep sea, 163–4 coloniality, 7 Cretaceous–Palaeogene delicate branching colonies, 92, colony dormancy, 11, 12 radiation, 218–20 94, 96, 180, Plate 6F–G colony‐forms, 6, Plates 6–8, cribrate colonies, 94, 122, 122, Deltoideum, 163 10–12 225, Plate 8C–D Demafinga, 17, Plate 7E classifications, 91–5 Cribricellina, 110 demizooids, 223 distributions through Cribrilina, 56, 94, 183 Dendrobeania, 140 geological time, 234–6 cribrimorphs, 46, 47, 56, 86, Densipora, 162, Plate 10H functional morphology, 135, 221, 229, 230, Plate 9D depth 102–116 Crisia, 22, 24, 59, 110, 169, 189 branch diameter, 174–6, 175 palaeoenvironments, 170–2 Crisidmonea, 124, 224 distributions, 172–6 colony longevity, 13 Crisiidae, 163 greatest recorded, 11 colony size, 1–2 Cristatella, 11 Dianulites, 94, 104, 114, Columnotheca, 8 Crisulipora, 30, 110, Plate 5C Plate 4C competition, 131–9, 231–3 Crownoporidae, 203 Diaperoecia, 75, 169, 175, 207, hierarchy, 133 crust‐mounds, 165 208, Plate 6F network, 133 cryptocyst, 46 Diaperoforma, 114–15 spatial, 132–9, 231–4 Cryptoarachnidium, 156 diaphragms, 80 trophic, 134, 139 Cryptopolyzoon, 15 basal, 52, 53, 74, 80, 83, 228 composite multiserial colonies, Cryptostomata, 17, 18, 19 ring, 74, 83 93, 98 cryptostyles, 32 terminal, 52, 53, 77, 80, 228 compound walls, 23, 24 Cryptostyloecia, 31 diatoms, 51 conchicoles, 150 Cryptosula, 127, 142, 169 dietellae see pore chambers condyles, 5, 54, 66, 85, 87 crystallography, 29 dioecious, 8 cone‐shaped colonies, 94, Ctenostomata, 15–17, 16 Diploporaria, 194 95, 114 Cuffeyella, 204 Diplosolen, 14, 77 Conescharellina, 96, 116 Culicia, 145, 146 Diplotrypa, 74, 150, Plate 4M conescharelliniform, 96, 116, 174 Cupuladria, 33, 68, 78, 79, 117, Discantenna, 95, 164 confrontational strategy, 103 164, 181, 190, 226 Discinisca, 163 Conopeum, 8, 52, 93, 149, 153, Cupuladriidae, 79, 226 Discoporella, 79, 117, 118 169, 182–3 cuticle, 5, 21, 164, 223, 233–4 Discoradius, 226 INDEX 313 0004865606.INDD 313 6/16/2020 8:07:40 PM dispersal, 8, 10, 188–91, 219 Eostenopora, 99 fertilization, 8, 59 Disporella, 31, 57, 136, 203 epibiont shadowing, 17 Ficopomatus, 153 dissepiments, 92, 224, 225 epistome, 15 Filicrisia, 57, 58 Distelopora, 62, 63 Epistomia, 2 Finichnus, 128, 129 diversity Erksonea, 73, 175 Fistuliphragma, 18 in caves, 160 Ernstipora, 124 Fistulipora, 84, 88, 166, 194, current related, 156 eruptive bud, 93 Plate 10C depth related, 157, 165, 173–4 Eschara, 95–6 Fistuliporidra, 145 latitude related, 187, 191–2, Escharella, Plate 6A fixed‐walled organization, 192, 203–4 eschariform, 96 208, 228 salinity related, 153 Escharoides, 137, 182 Floridina, 53 sediment related, 156 Esthonioporata, 17, 18, 19 Flustra, 1, 37, 66, 96, 101, 109, through geological time, etching bryozoans, 128, 129 139–40, 163 211–21, 231–3 Eurystomellidae, 140, 205 Flustrellidra, 31, Plate 5G Doridella, 140 euxinia, 216 flustriform, 96, 109 Doryporella, 22, 135 Evactinopora, 108–9, Plate 7H foliose colonies, 92, Plate Doryporellidae, 205 evolutionary tempo, 236–7 12A–C Drepanophora, 181 excurrent chimneys, 119–22, fossil substrates, 158 dropstones, 95, 157 119, 120, 122 fouling, 77, 132, 137 dwarf female zooids, 63, 64 Exechonella, 169, 181 Foveolaria, 169 Dyscritella, 74, 167, 195 exilazooids, 72, 74 Fovoporella, 60 Dyscritellina, 31, 32 Exochella, 143 fragmentation, 9, 116–18 Dysnoetopora, Plate 2F exosaccal cavity, 46 frame builders, 165, 168 exozone, 37, 48, 74 frame‐thickets, 165, 168 ecological succession, 131 exterior walls, 22, 23 free‐living colonies, 94, 112–18, ecophenotypic variation, 109 extrazooidal structures, 87–9, Plate 6L–M ectooecium, 59, 61 108, 109 free‐lying colonies, 104, 114, Eichwaldopora, 29, 121 Plate 6D Einhornia, 12, 43, 153 faecal pellets, 51 free‐walled organization, El Niño/La Niña–Southern fascicles, 120, Plate 8E 208, 228 Oscillation, 186 Fasciculipora, 27, 49, 176, frontal membrane, 46 Electra, 75, 79, 98, 134, 140, Plate 12I frontal shields, 46, 85, 86 143, 162, 182–3, 196 Fatkullina, 116 evolution, 228–30 Eleidae, 42, 71, 141 Favositella, 3 gymnocystal, 85, 86, 229, eleozooids, 71–2, 71, 143, 223 feeding, 49–51 Plate 9E Emballotheca, 196 multizooidal currents, 50, lepralioid, 85, 86, 229–30, embedment fossils, 145 119–25 Plate 9G–H endemism, 188 tiering, 111–12 spinocystal,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bryozoan Studies 2019
    BRYOZOAN STUDIES 2019 Edited by Patrick Wyse Jackson & Kamil Zágoršek Czech Geological Survey 1 BRYOZOAN STUDIES 2019 2 Dedication This volume is dedicated with deep gratitude to Paul Taylor. Throughout his career Paul has worked at the Natural History Museum, London which he joined soon after completing post-doctoral studies in Swansea which in turn followed his completion of a PhD in Durham. Paul’s research interests are polymatic within the sphere of bryozoology – he has studied fossil bryozoans from all of the geological periods, and modern bryozoans from all oceanic basins. His interests include taxonomy, biodiversity, skeletal structure, ecology, evolution, history to name a few subject areas; in fact there are probably none in bryozoology that have not been the subject of his many publications. His office in the Natural History Museum quickly became a magnet for visiting bryozoological colleagues whom he always welcomed: he has always been highly encouraging of the research efforts of others, quick to collaborate, and generous with advice and information. A long-standing member of the International Bryozoology Association, Paul presided over the conference held in Boone in 2007. 3 BRYOZOAN STUDIES 2019 Contents Kamil Zágoršek and Patrick N. Wyse Jackson Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 Caroline J. Buttler and Paul D. Taylor Review of symbioses between bryozoans and primary and secondary occupants of gastropod
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Mollusca, Goniodorididae, Okenia
    ZOOTAXA 695 Further species of the opisthobranch genus Okenia (Nudibranchia: Goniodorididae) from the Indo-West Pacific W.B. RUDMAN Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand W.B. RUDMAN Further species of the opisthobranch genus Okenia (Nudibranchia: Goniodorididae) from the Indo-West Pacific (Zootaxa 695) 70 pp.; 30 cm. 25 October 2004 ISBN 1-877354-68-6 (Paperback) ISBN 1-877354-69-4 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2004 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41383 Auckland 1030 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2004 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) Zootaxa 695: 1–70 (2004) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 695 Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Further species of the opisthobranch genus Okenia (Nudibranchia: Goniodorididae) from the Indo-West Pacific W.B. RUDMAN The Australian Museum, 6 College St., Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]. Table of Contents Abstract . 3 Introduction. 4 Materials and Methods . 5 Descriptions . 5 Okenia Menke, 1830. 5 Okenia echinata Baba, 1949. 6 Okenia purpurata sp. nov. 9 Okenia vena sp. nov.. 13 Okenia virginiae Gosliner, 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Individual and Population Level Effects of Ocean Acidification on a Predator−Prey System with Inducible Defenses: Bryozoan−Nudibranch Interactions in the Salish Sea
    Vol. 607: 1–18, 2018 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published December 6 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12793 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Individual and population level effects of ocean acidification on a predator−prey system with inducible defenses: bryozoan−nudibranch interactions in the Salish Sea Sasha K. Seroy1,2,*, Daniel Grünbaum1,2 1School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA 2Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, Washington 98250, USA ABSTRACT: Ocean acidification (OA) from increased oceanic CO2 concentrations imposes significant phys- iological stresses on many calcifying organisms. OA effects on individual organisms may be synergistically amplified or reduced by inter- and intraspecies inter- actions as they propagate up to population and com- munity levels, altering predictions by studies of cal - cifier responses in isolation. The calcifying colonial bryo zoan Membranipora membranacea and the pre- datory nudibranch Corambe steinbergae comprise a trophic system strongly regulated by predator- induced defensive responses and space limitation, presenting a unique system to investigate OA effects on these regulatory mechanisms at individual and population levels. We experimentally quantified OA effects across a range of pH from 7.0 to 7.9 on growth, Predatory nudibranchs Corambe steinbergae (gelatinous, at the bottom) preying on zooids of the colonial bryo zoan Mem- calcification, senescence and predator-induced spine branipora membranacea. Zooids emptied by C. stein bergae, formation in Membranipora, with or without water- and C. steinbergae egg clutches, are visible in the upper part borne predator cue, and on zooid consumption rates of the photo. in Corambe at Friday Harbor Laboratories, San Photo: Sasha K.
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 the Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011
    PICES SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011 Editors: Cathryn Clarke Murray, Thomas W. Therriault, Hideaki Maki, and Nancy Wallace Authors: Stephen Ambagis, Rebecca Barnard, Alexander Bychkov, Deborah A. Carlton, James T. Carlton, Miguel Castrence, Andrew Chang, John W. Chapman, Anne Chung, Kristine Davidson, Ruth DiMaria, Jonathan B. Geller, Reva Gillman, Jan Hafner, Gayle I. Hansen, Takeaki Hanyuda, Stacey Havard, Hirofumi Hinata, Vanessa Hodes, Atsuhiko Isobe, Shin’ichiro Kako, Masafumi Kamachi, Tomoya Kataoka, Hisatsugu Kato, Hiroshi Kawai, Erica Keppel, Kristen Larson, Lauran Liggan, Sandra Lindstrom, Sherry Lippiatt, Katrina Lohan, Amy MacFadyen, Hideaki Maki, Michelle Marraffini, Nikolai Maximenko, Megan I. McCuller, Amber Meadows, Jessica A. Miller, Kirsten Moy, Cathryn Clarke Murray, Brian Neilson, Jocelyn C. Nelson, Katherine Newcomer, Michio Otani, Gregory M. Ruiz, Danielle Scriven, Brian P. Steves, Thomas W. Therriault, Brianna Tracy, Nancy C. Treneman, Nancy Wallace, and Taichi Yonezawa. Technical Editor: Rosalie Rutka Please cite this publication as: The views expressed in this volume are those of the participating scientists. Contributions were edited for Clarke Murray, C., Therriault, T.W., Maki, H., and Wallace, N. brevity, relevance, language, and style and any errors that [Eds.] 2019. The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the were introduced were done so inadvertently. Great Japan Tsunami of 2011, PICES Special Publication 6, 278 pp. Published by: Project Designer: North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) Lori Waters, Waters Biomedical Communications c/o Institute of Ocean Sciences Victoria, BC, Canada P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2 Feedback: www.pices.int Comments on this volume are welcome and can be sent This publication is based on a report submitted to the via email to: [email protected] Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan, in June 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Abundance and Ecological
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Abundance and ecological implications of microplastic debris in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography by Miriam Chanita Goldstein Committee in charge: Professor Mark D. Ohman, Chair Professor Lihini I. Aluwihare Professor Brian Goldfarb Professor Michael R. Landry Professor James J. Leichter 2012 Copyright Miriam Chanita Goldstein, 2012 All rights reserved. SIGNATURE PAGE The Dissertation of Miriam Chanita Goldstein is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: PAGE _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2012 iii DEDICATION For my mother, who took me to the tidepools and didn’t mind my pet earthworms. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNATURE PAGE ................................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. v LIST OF FIGURES
    [Show full text]
  • SUMMARY and FUTURE WORK Not Constitute Type Material Because Gill’S (1863) Descrip- Tion Was Clearly Based on a Single Specimen
    132 • SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 11. Coryphopterus glaucofraenum, neotype, USNM 393907, Belize, 44 mm SL, DNA 6367: A, fresh; B, preserved. Designation of Neotype for Neotype Coryphopterus glaucofraenum Coryphopterus glaucofraenum Gill, USNM 393907, FIGURE 11 44 mm SL, DNA 6367, Twin Cays, Belize, mangrove edge on interior channel, 0– 6 ft. (GenBank accession no. Eschmeyer (2008) noted the need for designating a GQ367355.) neotype for Coryphopterus glaucofraenum Gill, because the whereabouts of the holotype are unknown. He also noted that four MCZ specimens assumed to be syntypes do SUMMARY AND FUTURE WORK not constitute type material because Gill’s (1863) descrip- tion was clearly based on a single specimen. Because of the Cytochrome c oxidase I sequences (DNA barcoding) historical confusion regarding the validity of C. tortugae were useful in determining the number of distinct genetic and C. venezuelae as distinct from C. glaucofraenum, and lineages within Caribbean Coryphopterus. We used the because the three species can be diffi cult to separate, we neighbor-joining tree (see Figure 1) derived from those se- have elected to designate a neotype for C. glaucofraenum quences to assemble voucher specimens (and color photo- from which we have successfully obtained a COI sequence graphs of them taken before preservation) into clades and that places the specimen in the C. glaucofraenum clade. then compared the morphology of specimens among those We hereby make the following type designation: clades. Assigning clades to species was relatively easy based 007_Baldwin_111-138_Lang.indd7_Baldwin_111-138_Lang.indd 113232 99/24/09/24/09 99:38:53:38:53 AAMM NUMBER 38 • 133 on review of original literature and examination of some CARMABI laboratory in Curacao.
    [Show full text]
  • In the South Pacific
    Marine Pollution Bulletin 137 (2018) 119–128 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Pollution Bulletin journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/marpolbul Travelling light: Fouling biota on macroplastics arriving on beaches of remote Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre T ⁎ Sabine Recha, , Martin Thielb,c,d, Yaisel J. Borrell Pichsa, Eva García-Vazqueza a Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain b Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile c Millennium Nucleus of Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile d Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Marine anthropogenic debris was sampled from two beaches on the remote South Pacific island Rapa Nui (Easter Non-indigenous species Island). Abundance, composition, and the attached fouling assemblages on stranded litter were analysed. Most Fouling assembly litter (n = 172 items found) was composed of plastic material, and 34% of all litter items were fouled. The main Long-distance rafting fouling species was the encrusting bryozoan Jellyella eburnea. Transporting vectors were exclusively made from Marine anthropogenic litter plastics and were mainly small items and fragments, probably stemming from the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre. South Pacific Subtropical Gyre We present the first report of Planes major, Halobates sericeus, and Pocillopora sp. on anthropogenic litter in the Oceanic islands South Pacific. 1. Introduction everyday items, its production has risen to 335 × 109 kg in 2016 (PlasticsEurope, 2018). Due to the high influx of discarded plastic items Non-indigenous species (NIS) and pollution of marine and coastal to the oceans worldwide, rafting opportunities for marine species have environments are amongst the most important threats to biodiversity increased dramatically (Barnes, 2002; Kiessling et al., 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Epizoic Bryozoans on Cephalopods Through the Phanerozoic: a Review
    Studi Trent. Sci. Nat., 94 (2014): 283-291 ISSN 2035-7699283 © Museo delle Scienze, Trento 2014 Bryozoan Studies 2013 - Antonietta Rosso, Patrick N. Wyse Jackson & Joanne Porter (eds) Epizoic bryozoans on cephalopods through the Phanerozoic: a review Patrick N. WYSE JACKSON1* & Marcus M. KEY, Jr. 2 1 Department of Geology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland 2 Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA 17013, USA * Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY - Epizoic bryozoans on cephalopods through the Phanerozoic: a review - Cephalopods have a long geological record and have been utilised by many encrusting organisms as suitable substrates on which to settle and grow. Living cephalopods, dead floating shells, and those lying on the seabed have been encrusted by bryozoans since the Ordovician; these records are reviewed here. Encrusta- tion by bryozoans declined through the Palaeozoic and into the Mesozoic, and few examples of encrustation of modern nautiloids and coleoids have been reported. The patterns of encrustation provides valuable information, firstly, on the palaeobiology of the hosts and the epizoan: some are obligate, but many appear accidental, and secondly, on the sedimentological conditions at the time of fouling of dead shells. Bryozoan-cephalopod interactions may additionally provide valuable data on present and past drifting patterns of shells, and on the palaeo- and biogeographic influences on bryozoan settlement on cephalopods. RIASSUNTO - Briozoi epizoici su cefalopodi attraverso il Fanerozoico: una rassegna - I cefalopodi hanno una lunga documentazione geologica e sono stati utilizzati da molti organimi incrostanti come substrati disponibili su cui impiantarsi e crescere. I cefalopodi viventi, le conchiglie flottanti degli esemplari morti e quelle giacenti sui fondali marini sono state incrostate da briozoi fin dall’Ordoviciano; tutta questa documentazione è qui sintetizzata.
    [Show full text]
  • Transoceanic Rafting of Bryozoa (Cyclostomata, Cheilostomata, and Ctenostomata) Across the North Pacific Ocean on Japanese Tsunami Marine Debris
    Aquatic Invasions (2018) Volume 13, Issue 1: 137–162 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2018.13.1.11 © 2018 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2018 REABIC Special Issue: Transoceanic Dispersal of Marine Life from Japan to North America and the Hawaiian Islands as a Result of the Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 Research Article Transoceanic rafting of Bryozoa (Cyclostomata, Cheilostomata, and Ctenostomata) across the North Pacific Ocean on Japanese tsunami marine debris Megan I. McCuller1,2,* and James T. Carlton1 1Williams College-Mystic Seaport Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, Connecticut 06355, USA 2Current address: Southern Maine Community College, South Portland, Maine 04106, USA Author e-mails: [email protected] (MIM), [email protected] (JTC) *Corresponding author Received: 3 April 2017 / Accepted: 31 October 2017 / Published online: 15 February 2018 Handling editor: Amy E. Fowler Co-Editors’ Note: This is one of the papers from the special issue of Aquatic Invasions on “Transoceanic Dispersal of Marine Life from Japan to North America and the Hawaiian Islands as a Result of the Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011." The special issue was supported by funding provided by the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) of the Government of Japan through the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES). Abstract Forty-nine species of Western Pacific coastal bryozoans were found on 317 objects (originating from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011) that drifted across the North Pacific Ocean and landed in the Hawaiian Islands and North America. The most common species were Scruparia ambigua (d’Orbigny, 1841) and Callaetea sp.
    [Show full text]
  • © Copyright 2021 Sasha Katya Seroy
    © Copyright 2021 Sasha Katya Seroy Species interactions in a changing ocean: A study of inducible traits to understand community responses Sasha Katya Seroy A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2021 Reading Committee: Daniel Grünbaum, Chair Julie E. Keister Terrie Klinger Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Oceanography University of Washington Abstract Species interactions in a changing ocean: A study of inducible traits to understand community responses Sasha Katya Seroy Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Emeritus Daniel Grünbaum Oceanography Marine communities are experiencing rapid environmental changes including warming temperatures and ocean acidification (OA). For organisms within these communities, responses to ocean change are shaped by population- and community-level interactions which may modify their responses. This dissertation integrates experimental, field, and modeling approaches to understand how marine communities are responding to ocean change by studying species interactions and understanding propagating effects. Organisms with inducible morphologies, physical characteristics that can change based on exposure to specific predators (inducible defenses) or food sources (inducible offenses), can be a tool to track and quantify interactions in a changing ocean. In this dissertation, I present research on two marine invertebrates that exhibit inducible morphologies to demonstrate how studies of inducible traits provide a tool to understand community responses to ocean change. In Chapters 2 and 3, I explored the individual- and population-level effects of OA on inducible defenses in the calcifying bryozoan, Membranipora membranacea. Predator exposure continued to induce defenses and modify M. membranacea colony growth in OA conditions. Population-level space competition also modulated costs of inducible defenses in OA conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Impact Assessment 12 July 2021
    The Ocean Cleanup Final Environmental Impact Assessment 12 July 2021 Prepared for: Prepared by: The Ocean Cleanup CSA Ocean Sciences, Inc. Batavierenstraat 15, 4-7th floor 8502 SW Kansas Avenue 3014 JH Rotterdam Stuart, Florida 34997 The Netherlands United States THE OCEAN CLEANUP DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT NO. CSA-THEOCEANCLEANUP-FL-21-81581-3648-01-REP-01-FIN-REV01 Internal review process Version Date Description Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved by: J. Tiggelaar Initial draft for A. Lawson B. Balcom INT-01 04/20/2021 K. Olsen science review G. Dodillet R. Cady K. Olen J. Tiggelaar INT-02 04/24/2021 TE review K. Metzger K. Olsen K. Olen Client deliverable Version Date Description Project Manager Approval 01 04/27/2021 Draft Chapters 1-4 K. Olsen Combined 02 05/07/2021 K. Olsen deliverable Incorporation of The Ocean Cleanup and 03 05/17/2021 K. Olsen Neuston Expert Comments Incorporate legal FIN 07/09/2021 comments and add K. Olsen additional 2 cruises FIN REV01 07/12/2021 Revised Final K. Olsen The electronic PDF version of this document is the Controlled Master Copy at all times. A printed copy is considered to be uncontrolled and it is the holder’s responsibility to ensure that they have the current version. Controlled copies are available upon request from the CSA Document Production Department. Executive Summary BACKGROUND The Ocean Cleanup has developed a new Ocean System (S002) which is made by a Retention System (RS) comprising two wings of 391 m in length each and a Retention Zone (RZ), that will be towed by two vessels to collect buoyant plastic debris from the within the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) located roughly midway between California and Hawaii.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 4, Number 4 January, 2009 News from the Membership New
    BBuulllleleeetttiinn Volume 4, Number 4 January, 2009 (Click “Bookmarks” on the left to navigate around this document) News from the Membership New Members 2009 Larwood and AustraLarwood Information Bryozoan-Brachiopod Associations Gero Hillmer’s Honorary Citizenship in Brazil North Sea Bryozoans in Time and Space News from the Natural History Museum IBA Treasurer’s Report Bryozoan Bookstall Featured Cover: From the IBA Misinformation Department Upcoming Meetings Recent publications Subject Index to IBA Bulletin volumes 1-4 Byline Index to IBA Bulletin volumes 1-4 Copyright © 2008 by the International Bryozoology Association. Judith Winston, President Eckart Håkansson, President-elect Timothy S. Wood, Secretary Abigail Smith, Treasurer ISSN 1941-7918 Comments regarding this Bulletin should be addressed to the IBA Secretary: [email protected]@wright.edu Further information at wwww.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/iba/ww.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/iba/ News from the Membership Dennis Gordon. The wildlife in the Ngorogoro Crater, near Serengeti National Park, in northeastern Tanzania is justly famous, but bryozoologists have an additionally compelling reason for visiting - freshwater bryozoans! In November, Dennis Gordon found himself standing in for a colleague as acting New Zealand Head of Delegation to the 15th Governing Board meeting of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The conference was held in Arusha, three hours drive from Ngorogoro Crater, where the delegates had a one-day safari. In the crater there is a lake and several large ponds, one of them by a toilet block. Although occupied by many hippopotamus, the pond has an accessible shallow area wherein are small rocks with freshwater leeches, bryozoans, and other invertebrates.
    [Show full text]