Sea and Navy M ARITIME SECURITY « 1 2013 « INTERNATIONAL SHOWS NEW SHIPS « Sea and NavyMaritime news SYSTE MS & SUBSYSTE MS « www.seaandnavy.com A IRCRAFT « $US12 .00 - ¤9.00 NAVAL FORCES » Focus on French Technology Mer et Marine Published by: www.meretmarine.com Sea and Navy INTERNATIONAL SHOWS » 2013 2 Focus on French Technology MARITIME SAFETY & SECURITY 4 » Naval power & geostrategy 6 » Threats on the high seas 8 » Maritime challenges: the big picture 10 » Maritime surveillance 12 » Accident prevention & management WARSHIPS Front cover: 14 » Force projection » French FREMM (© DCNS) » Commandos in action 24 » Frigates (© EUROCOPTer) 28 » Corvettes & OPVs » Aster test firing (© MBDA) » Chilean Navy Scorpene (© DCNS) 36 » Patrol vessels & interceptors 44 » Commandos 46 » Submarines SYSTEms & SUBSYSTEms 56 » Inertial platforms 60 » Space 62 » Combat systems 64 » Electronic 74 » Guns French-English 84 » UxVs glossary of naval defence Steve Dyson E-book format. 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Reproduction of text or graphic standard in whole or in part is strictly prohibited without the written permission of the authors and the publisher. For daily news (in French) visit us at www.meretmarine.com Sea and Navy Sea and Navy » INTERNATIONAL SHOWS » 2013 2013 « INTERNATIONAL SHOWS « PUISSANCE AÉRONAVALE 4 5 MARITIME SAFETY & SECURITY “Without a navy, we can neither support the global power projection exception of the European Union whose support war nor take advantage of capability of powerful navies. At a members, politically divided and peace,” is attributed to Jean-Baptiste time when it is increasingly difficult for possibly deluded by decades of peace, Colbert (1619-1683), celebrated father major powers to deploy military force are cutting military spending and of the renewal of the French Navy under into a conflict zone from a neighbouring reducing the size of their naval fleets. Louis XIV. Today, his statement is once country, or even obtain permission again as relevant as when it was first to overfly other countries’ territory to But the stakes are higher than ever. uttered. In the decades since the end strike targets far from existing bases, Indeed, as natural resources dwindle, of the cold war, the prospect of major naval force projection groups are, the exploitation of marine deposits will conflict has receded and international thanks to the freedom of the seas, a inevitably see extraordinary growth. trade has grown exponentially. And the more valuable asset than ever before. In oil and gas, minerals, fisheries sea, host to all maritime transport and Advancing 1,000 kilometres a day, and marine renewable energy, a blue virtually all that trade, has a central they can deploy into a crisis zone more revolution is taking place. Importantly, role to play. Today, with 50,000 ships flexibly than any other force. over 70 countries have officially applied and 1.5 million sailors, the worldwide to extend their maritime domains, merchant fleet has become the main From patrol boats to aircraft carriers, setting the scene for the emergence vehicle of globalisation. from amphibious assault vessels and of regional conflicts between countries special forces to submarines and hungry for marine territory and In 30 years, the volume of goods frigates armed with cruise missiles, resources. In some parts of the world, transported by sea has increased five- naval power offers a vast array of bitter territorial disputes have already fold and is expected to double again options. It can be visible or covert, erupted and could easily lead to armed to reach 15 billion tonnes per year in depending on the objectives, and conflict. And the situation is liable to 2020. But, while maritime transport can be used by any country with the get worse in the years ahead. Many with its flexibility and competitive resources as both a deterrent and a countries have come to the realisation pricing represents a major benefit for means of action. Emerging powers that the only way to save their coveted MARINE NATIONALE MARINE © international trade, it can also be its such as China, India and Brazil are maritime domains from possible future Achilles’ Heel. The workings of the investing heavily in their navies, clearly plunder is to acquire the means to global economy depend on the free demonstrating that a powerful navy is protect them by taking appropriate movement of shipping and unrestricted still a key differentiator on the world action today. access to strategic areas like the Gulf geostrategic stage. Indeed, it is surely of Aden, the Strait of Hormuz and the no coincidence that the five permanent Building on internationally acclaimed Suez Canal. To ensure the security of members of the UN Security Council expertise in naval defence and maritime their strategic supply lines and protect are also the only naval powers with security, French defence contractors Naval power their economies, states typically both aircraft carriers and nuclear- are among the best placed to propose respond to regional crises, piracy and powered ballistic-missile submarines. innovative solutions meeting today’s similar developments by strengthening challenges. « their navies. Recent conflicts have Without going to this extreme, the vast also underscored the importance majority of countries are now building Vincent GROIZELEAU & geostrategy of unrestricted access to the sea to up their naval forces, with the notable Editor-in-chief In recent years, maritime affairs have assumed such importance that the future of the world is likely to depend on who commands the seas. One thing is already clear: the 21st century will be the most maritime in human history. © ROYAL NAVY Sea and Navy Sea and Navy » MARITIME SAFETY & SECURITY INTERNATIONAL SHOWS » 2013 6 7 2013 « INTERNATIONAL SHOWS SÉCURITÉ MARITIME « Threats on the high seas Terrorism, organised crime, the pillaging of natural resources, maritime disasters, illegal immigration and trafficking… The complexity of the maritime threat environment continues to grow. With a rapidly expanding offshore sec- tor, ever greater wealth in transit by ship and a society that has become extraordinarily dependent on the free- dom of movement of merchant ship- ping, maritime interests are a prime target for enemies of the state and terrorist groups. A lightning raid by a ROYAL NAVY small group with limited means can © ROYAL NAVY wreak havoc on the world economy’s © British patrol boat in the Persian Gulf critical infrastructure. Long neglected due to a widespread lack of awareness terrorism is now a serious issue. As containers and the holds of countless R D of the scale of the problem, maritime the maritime sector faces a surge in ships sailing to every port in the world. The Limburg after 2002 attack organised crime and piracy, with ships The scourge of piracy being diverted and workers on offshore The sea is also a prime setting for illegal platforms held hostage, stakeholders immigration, with tens of thousands of Around 90% of world trade now relies numerous attacks on merchant ships Naval and air patrols criss-crossed the everywhere are reappraising the risks. migrants seeking passage each year to on maritime transport. Every day, in the Strait of Malacca over the last Gulf of Aden and the northern Indian Meanwhile, political instability and new lands of opportunity, many paying tankers laden with oil and gas from 30 years. But piracy has changed. Ocean to improve sealane security. The poverty in many countries are com- with their lives. the Persian Gulf head south towards Acts of piracy used to be crimes of US Navy’s fifth fleet and Nato, along pounding an already difficult situation. the Horn of Africa en route to the opportunity, with pirates clambering with China, Japan and India, stepped up And tremendous wealth lies on or economies of the West. There, they aboard a passing ship to steal the zone surveillance as pirate operations The sea is a prime setting for all beneath the seabed – untapped are joined by container ships carrying crew’s personal belongings. Today, spread as far east as the Maldives forms of trafficking. Go-fasts dart mineral resources that are likely to give a large proportion of the world trade in piracy has gained momentum and and south to the Kenyan coast. across the Mediterranean to supply rise to new territorial disputes in the manufactured goods on its way from become an organised activity on an the European market with drugs while years ahead. China and southeast Asia. Off the coast almost industrial scale. The modus Potential targets adopted a range of South American narco-traffickers build of Nigeria and in the Gulf of Guinea, operandi of the Somali pirates that first responses from armed shipboard secu- Go-fast caught with illegal drugs mini-submarines in forested inlets, Tighter security and new technologies vast quantities of oil are extracted hit the headlines in 2005 has changed rity guards to travelling in convoys and undetected by maritime surveillance are making rapid progress, but the from the seabed by offshore platforms.