Oregon Trail to Oregon Country
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5 exploring the states the beaver state 5 STOFF A ! L STOFF ! B A A 1 S L B C C R B R E A S E A D R R E E A D STOFF ! A STOFF L A ! B L B S B R 2 S R E E R A D R E E A D STOFF A ! OF L ST F ! B A L C S B R R E 3 S E A D R R E E A D STOFF A ! L B S R R E E A D Note to Librarians, Teachers, and Parents: Blastoff! readers are carefully developed by literacy experts and combine standards-based content with developmentally appropriate text. level 1 provides the most support through repetition of high- frequency words, light text, predictable sentence patterns, and strong visual support. level 2 offers early readers a bit more challenge through varied simple sentences, increased text load, and less repetition of high- frequency words. level 3 advances early-fluent readers toward fluency through increased text and concept load, less reliance on visuals, longer sentences, and more literary language. level 4 builds reading stamina by providing more text per page, increased use of punctuation, greater variation in sentence patterns, and increasingly challenging vocabulary. level 5 encourages children to move from “learning to read” to “reading to learn” by providing even more text, varied writing styles, and less familiar topics. Whichever book is right for your reader, Blastoff! Readers are the perfect books to build confidence and encourage a love of reading that will last a lifetime! This edition first published in 2014 by Bellwether Media, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission of the publisher. For information regarding permission, write to Bellwether Media, Inc., Attention: Permissions Department, 5357 Penn Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55419. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Oachs, Emily Rose. Oregon / by Emily Rose Oachs. pages cm. -- (Blastoff! readers. Exploring the states) Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: “Developed by literacy experts for students in grades three through seven, this book introduces young readers to the geography and culture of Oregon”--Provided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-62617-036-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Oregon--Juvenile literature. I. Title. F876.3.O24 2014 979.5—dc23 Text copyright © 2014 by Bellwether Media, Inc. BLASTOFF! READERS and associated logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Bellwether Media, Inc. SCHOLASTIC, CHILDREN’S PRESS, and associated2013005583 logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Scholastic Inc. Printed in the United States of America, North Mankato, MN. STO LA F B F ! 1 R E S A D E R STO LA F B F ! A R E S R A D E A STO BBC LA F B F C ! B R E S A D E R STO LA F STO F A F B L ! B F ! 2 C R R E S A R E S D E Table of A D E R STO LA F F Contents B STO ! LA F B F 3 ! R Where Is Oregon? 4 E S R A D E R History 6 E S The Land 8 A D E R Columbia River 10 Wildlife 12 Landmarks 14 Portland 16 Working 18 Playing 20 Food 22 Festivals 24 Bicycling 26 Fast Facts 28 Glossary 30 To Learn More 31 Index 32 Where Is Oregon? Oregon lies along the West Coast Pacific Ocean of the United States. The state has about 296 miles (476 kilometers) of shoreline. Salem, the capital city, sits beside the Willamette River in Oregon’s northwestern corner. Washington borders Oregon to the north. The Columbia River forms much of this boundary. The Snake River creates part of Oregon’s eastern border. Across the river is Idaho. Nevada and California are Oregon’s southern neighbors. To the west is the Pacific Ocean. 4 Pacific Washington Ocean r C o l u e m b i a R i v e r i v R Portland e t t Salem e m a r l l e i v i W Eugene R e k a Oregon n S Idaho California Nevada N Did you know? The Snake River carved out W E Hells Canyon between Oregon and Idaho. Hells Canyon plunges 7,900 feet? (2,408 meters). That is S deeper than the Grand Canyon! 5 History About 125 groups of Native Americans lived in Oregon when Europeans first arrived. In 1843, about 900 pioneers traveled the Oregon Trail to Oregon country. Some settled on Native American land. The Native Americans and pioneers sometimes fought. Eventually, the U.S. government moved most of Oregon’s Native Americans to reservations. Did you know? The Oregon Trail extended more than 2,000 miles (3,219 kilometers) from Missouri to Oregon. In nineteen years, 50,000 people? traveled the route. The ruts left by wagon wheels can still be seen in some places. Oregon Trail 6 Oregon Timeline! 1792: American fur trader Robert Gray explores the Columbia River. 1805: Meriwether Lewis and William Clark reach Oregon’s coast while exploring the West. 1843: The first group of settlers to use the Oregon Trail arrives in Oregon. 1844: A new law makes slavery illegal. It demands that African Americans leave Oregon country. 1850: The Oregon Donation Land Law gives free land to settlers. 1859: Oregon becomes the thirty-third state. 1877: Chief Joseph flees from U.S. troops with more than 400 Native Americans. 1883: All of Oregon’s Native American tribes have been sent to reservations. 1912: Oregon is among the first states to give women the right to vote. 1938: Construction of the Bonneville Dam is completed. This is a major dam on the Columbia River. Lewis and Bonneville Dam Clark construction Chief Joseph 7 You’ve Just Finished your Free Sample Enjoyed the preview? Buy: http://www.ebooks2go.com .