German Archaeological Institute EURASIA-DEPARTMENT Current Research in Eurasia Eurasien-Abteilung des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Im Dol 2-6, D-14195 Berlin Berlin 2017 www.dainst.org German Archaeological Institute Eurasia Department Current Research in Eurasia Issued by Svend Hansen Berlin 2017 Research projects of the Eurasia Department 74 76 120 Berlin 48 40 46 42 114 32 36 44 60 62 64 26 30 70 66 112 Peking 54 68 110 56 58 52 100 94 104 102 98 84 96 80 82 88 Teheran 118 86 Page 70 Tabakoni, Republic of Georgia 26 Silk Road Fashion, China 74 Veska, Russian Federation 30 Aşağı Pınar, Turkey 76 Tartas 1, Russian Federation 32 Pietrele, Romania 80 Lithic Industries, Iran 36 Orlovka-Kartal, Ukraine 82 Tappe Pahlavan, Iran 40 Petreni, Republic of Moldova 84 Rivi, Iran 42 Bronze Age Offerings, Romania 86 Bronze Statue, Iran 44 Taman-Peninsula, Russian Federation 88 Ancient Mining, Afghanistan 46 Lower Bug-River, Ukraine 94 Dashly Depe, Turkmenistan 48 Dnieper-Seversky Donets-Watershed, Ukraine 96 Gonur, Turkmenistan 52 Kamiltepe, Republic Aserbaijan 98 Bandikhan, Uzbekistan 54 Aruchlo, Republic of Georgia 100 Molali, Uzbekistan 56 Milsteppe, Republic of Azerbaijan 102 Jah-Su-Tal, Tajikistan 58 House architecture, Republic of Georgia 104 Torbulok, Tajikistan 60 Marfa, Russian Federation 110 Development of clothing-patterns in the 1st mill. BC, China 62 Bioarchaology, Russian Federation 112 Restoration of leather, China 64 Landscape archaology, Russian Federation 114 Jomon-Culture, Japan 66 Trialeti-Plateau, Republic of Georgia 118 Tel Tsaf, Israel 68 Tachti Perda, Republic of Georgia 120 Seddin, Germany Contents Svend Hansen Foreword 8 Regina Uhl Investigations at a mega-settlement 40 of the Cucuteni-Tripolye-culture in Petreni, Judith Thomalsky Teheran Branch Office 12 Republic of Moldova Mayke Wagner Beijing Branch Office 14 Tilmann Vachta Metal analyses of Bronze Age 42 votive offerings in Romania Svend Hansen The Library of the Eurasia Department: Invitation to the realm of books 16 Udo Schlotzhauer Greek colonisation in the Cimmerian Bosporus: 44 Landscape archaeology in the northern Pontic Svend Hansen Publications of the Eurasia Department 18 Erdmute Schultze Grey wheel-made ceramics of the first centuries 46 Svend Hansen Fostering scientific exchange 20 AD in the of the Lower Bug River Area, Ukraine INTERACTIVE RESEARCH Erdmute Schultze History of settlement and regional infrastructure 48 in the area of the Dnieper-Seversky Donets Svend Hansen Digital atlas of innovations 24 watershed, Ukraine, during the 3rd–5th century AD Florian Klimscha Jürgen Renn CAUCASUS Mayke Wagner Silk Road fashion: communication through Andrea Ricci A Neolithic landscape in the Southern Caucasus – 52 Patrick Wertmann apparel during the 1st millennium BC Research in the Mil Steppe, Republic of Azerbaijan in eastern Central Asia 26 Svend Hansen Kura in Motion, Aruchlo: 54 WESTERN AND NORTHERN BLACK SEA AREA Katrin Bastert-Lamprichs A settlement of the earliest Michael Ullrich farmers in the Southern Caucasus Svend Hansen Excavations in Aşaği Pınar, Turkish Thrace: 30 the beginnings of agricultural life in Andrea Ricci Landscape investigations in the 56 Southeast Europe Southern Caucasus Svend Hansen Pietrele on the Lower Danube River. 32 Vladimir Ioseliani Investigations on the development of 58 Katrin Beutler A settlement from the 5th millennium BC domestic architecture in the Southern Caucasus during the 6th to 3rd millennia BC Tilman Vachta A Bronze Age fortified complex 34 Svend Hansen near Pietrele on the lower Danube River Anatoli Nagler Excavations at the Maikop-period burial mound 60 Regina Uhl “Marfa” in the Northern Caucasus Blagoje Govedarica The settlement complex of Orlovka-Kartal 36 and the early Copper Age in the Svend Hansen BIOARCAUCASUS Bioarchaeological studies 62 northwestern Black Sea area Sabine Reinhold of the Bronze Age populations in the Northern Caucasus (Russia) Mehmet Karaucak Balkan – Near Eastern Connections 38 in the 5th millennium BC Sabine Reinhold Landscape archaeology in the Caucasus – 64 Nikolaus Boroffka Dashly Depe, Turkmenistan 94 Multidisciplinary studies on the oldest pasture economy of the Old World Nikolaus Boroffka Gonur, Mary velayat, Turkmenistan 96 Ingo Motzenbäcker Bronze Age ritual causeways 66 Nikolaus Boroffka Bandikhan, Surchandarya, Uzbekistan 98 on the Trialeti Plateau Nikolaus Boroffka Molali, Surchandarya, Uzbekistan 100 Ingo Motzenbäcker Excavation of a multi-layered 68 settlement of the Bronze and Iron Age: Mike Teufer Bronze Age and Early Iron Age 102 Takhti Perda, Kakheti, Republic of Georgia sites in the Jakh-Su valley, Tajikistan Tobias Mörtz Tabakoni – A Bronze and Iron Age settlement 70 Gunvor Lindström A newly discovered sanctuary in the Hellenistic 104 Levan Tchabashvili mound in Central Colchis East: Torbulok in southwestern Tajikistan THE URALS AND SIBERIA EAST ASIA Henny Piezonka 8000 years of the development of 74 Dominic Hosner Digital atlas of the history of Chinese culture 108 cultures in the northeast European forest zone: from the beginning of the Neolithic to the end the key site of Vëksa, Russia of the western Han dynasty (ca. 8000 BC–AD 8) Sabine Reinhold Tartas 1 – The largest Bronze 76 Ulrike Beck Garments of the 1st millennium BC in 110 Age necropolis excavated in Siberia Xinjiang – Cut and construction of clothes between functionality, IRAN, AFGHANISTAN AND PAKISTAN aesthetics and communication Judith Thomalsky Lithic industries in Iran during 80 Patrick Wertmann Conservation and restoration of 112 the 6th–3rd millennia BC: Studies on archaeological leather technical developments and craft organisation Mayke Wagner The Jōmon culture on Hokkaido, Japan 114 Judith Thomalsky Tappe Pahlavan, North Khorasan, northeastern Iran 82 Judith Thomalsky Rivi, North Khorasan, northeastern Iran 84 ADDITIONAL PROJECTS Gunvor Lindström Bronze statue of a Hellenistic ruler 86 Florian Klimscha Interdisciplinary research at the 118 in the National Museum of Iran middle Chalcolithic site of Tel Tsaf, Israel Nikolaus Boroffka Ancient mining and metal production in Afghanistan 88 Svend Hansen The Bronze Age “royal burial” 120 of Seddin in the Prignitz Region MIDDLE ASIA Illustration credits 124 Nikolaus Boroffka ROXIANA ‒ Research on metal and ceramics 92 of later prehistory in the area between the Amu Darya basin and the Indus River Djarkutan, Uzbekistan, and at the ancient city of Tanais of the Bosporan Empire. The spectrum of current studies of the Eurasia Department presented in this booklet extends ge- ographically from the western Black Sea area as far as Japan, while covering the time span from the Neolithic to the early Mediaeval period. Thereby, due to the magnitude, only exemplary re- search reports on archaeological surveys, prospec- tion and excavations can be included here. 1 This huge field of work offers the special opportuni- ty to follow historical processes in space and time 8 Svend Hansen Foreword in their association. The strength of archaeology is that it describes historical processes from the per- The founding of the Eurasia Department in 1995 spective of longer periods of time and throughout was a future-oriented decision. With the end of greater geographic regions. the East-West Block confrontation the states suc- As diverse as the temporal and cultural dimensions 2 ceeding the former Soviet Union were opened to of our research are, all the more are reciprocal in- 1. Bajkara, Kazakhstan. joint research projects in the field of archaeology, teractions between technical innovations and social Thanks to refined excavation me- an approachability that broadened the horizon of processes of ancient cultures of the two continents thods, the large kurgan of Bajkara archaeology immensely. Surprising changes in the the focal point. proved to be a sanctuary of the perspective of archaeological phenomena, which For even though not all, but nevertheless many, Scythian times and not a grave had long been viewed as isolated, came about and technical inventions and social processes were mound. It is a singular object in can be further anticipated in the future. Even today consequential for Prehistory and/or Antiquity in Eurasian archaeology there are no research institutions in Europe or in large parts of Eurasia, whose main communication 2. Aržan, Russian Federation. the United States that compare with the Eurasia axes were oriented West–East. Characteristic for A Scythian royal grave with well- Department. technical innovations in the Eurasian sphere is the preserved burial structures and Further, a branch office in Teheran enables joint relatively rapid transfer of knowledge. rich in golden grave goods was research in Iran and neighbouring countries. The Included here are the achievements made during discovered in Kurgan 2 at Aržan branch office established in Beijing in 2009 is the the Neolithic period, such as the domestication of 3. Tanais, Russian Federation. starting point for research in East Asia. animals and the production of ceramic vessels, or View of the excavations Thus, the sphere of the work of the Eurasia De- later inventions such as metallurgy and the wheel partment reaches from the Black Sea to the Pacific and wagon, which in turn enabled a plenitude of Ocean, a vast geographic area indeed. Thereby, further technical developments. in many places very little archaeological research Ever since the 3rd millennium BC the interaction or none at all has been made. The scientific po- between cultures of the steppe with civilisations tential is thus enormous,