2Nd Half of the 5Th Millennium BC) and Their Aftermath
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A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity?
Special Volume 6 (2016): Space and Knowledge. Topoi Research Group Articles, ed. by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, pp. 777–818. Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity Edited by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, Excellence Cluster Topoi, Berlin eTopoi ISSN 2192-2608 http://journal.topoi.org Except where otherwise noted, content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity The authors discuss the simultaneous appearance of technological innovations in three key technologies (metallurgy, wheeled vehicles, weighing systems) in the second half of the 4th millennium. This is done from a source-critical perspective because the innova- tions are discussed with the help of dynamic maps from the Topoi project Digital Atlas of Innovations. Besides indications of diffusion gradients influenced by special research conditions, exceptional waves of innovation can be detected for all three technologies in the discussed period. These waves of innovation cannot, however, be generalized but have to be understood on the basis of the respective technology traditions and lines of devel- opment specific to local areas. Monocentric diffusion theories can be clearly disproven, local technology developments and their converging in certain centrally situated regions have to be assumed instead. Similarly, the transfer of objects and their châine opératoire can only be detected rather infrequently, while the adaptation to local socio-economic and environmental factors can be demonstrated. -
Friday, the 19Th of June 09:00 Garcia Sanjuan, Leonardo the Hole in the Doughnut
monumental landscapes neolithic subsistence and megaliths 09:25 schiesberg, sara; zimmermann, andreas 10:40 coffee break siemens lecture hall bosch conference room Stages and Cycles: The Demography of Populations Practicing 11:00 schiesberg, sara Collective Burials Theories, Methods and Results The Bone Puzzle. Reconstructing Burial Rites in Collective Tombs 09:00 schmitt, felicitas; bartelheim, martin; bueno ramírez, primitiva 09:00 o’connell, michael 09:50 rinne, christoph; fuchs, katharina; kopp, juliane; 11:25 cummings, vicki Just passing by? Investigating in the Territory of the Megalith Builders The pollen evidence for early prehistoric farming impact: towards a better schade-lindig, sabine; susat, julian; krause-kyora, ben The social implications of construction: a consideration of the earliest of the Southern European Plains. The Case of Azután, Toledo. understanding of the archaeological fi eld evidence for Neolithic activity in Niedertiefenbach reloaded: The builders of the Wartberg gallery grave Neolithic monuments of Britain and Ireland 09:25 carrero pazos, miguel; rodríguez casal, antón a. western Ireland 10:15 klingner, susan; schultz, michael 11:50 pollard, joshua Neolithic Territory and Funeral Megalithic Space in Galicia (Nw. Of 09:25 diers, sarah; fritsch, barbara The physical strain on megalithic tomb builders from northern How routine life was made sacred: settlement and monumentality in Iberian Peninsula): A Synthetic Approach Changing environments in a Megalithic Landscape: the Altmark case Germany –results of an -
Documenta Praehistorica XLVI
UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA FACULTY OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY DocumentaDocumenta PraehistPraehistoricaorica XLVIXLVI Documenta Praehistorica XLVI EDITOR Mihael Budja ISSN 1408–967X (Print) ISSN 1854–2492 (Online) LJUBLJANA 2019 DOCUMENTA PRAEHISTORICA XLVI (2019) Urednika/Editors: Prof. Dr. Mihael Budja, urednik/editor, [email protected] Bojan Kambič, tehnični urednik/technical editor, [email protected] Uredniški odbor/Editorial board: Maja Andrič, Institute of Archaeology, ZRC SAZU, Ljubljana, Slovenia Mihael Budja, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Slovenia Canan Çakirlar, University of Groningen, Faculty of Arts, Netherlands Ekaterina Dolbunova, The State Hermitage Museum, The department of archaeology of Eastern Europe and Siberia, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation Ya-Mei Hou, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropolgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Dimitrij Mlekuž Vrhovnik, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Slovenia; Institute for the protection of the cultural heritage of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia Simona Petru, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Slovenia Žiga Šmit, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of mathematics and physics, Slovenia Katherine Willis, University of Oxford, United Kingdom Andreja Žibrat Gašparič, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Slovenia To delo je ponujeno pod licenco Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0 Mednarodna licenca/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Založila in izdala/Published by: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete, Univerza v Ljubljani/ Ljubljana University Press, Faculty of Arts ([email protected]; www.ff.uni-lj.si) Za založbo/For the publisher: Prof. Dr. Roman Kuhar, dekan Filozofske fakultete Naslov uredništva/Address of Editorial Board: Oddelek za arheologijo, Filozofska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Aškerčeva 2, 1001 Ljubljana, p.p. -
Early Monumentality and Social Differentiation in Neolithic Europe
MEGALITHS SOCIETIES LANDSCAPES EARLY MONUMENTALITY AND SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION IN NEOLITHIC EUROPE VOLUME 3 Eds.: Johannes Müller Martin Hinz Frühe Monumentalität und soziale Differenzierung 18 Maria Wunderlich Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte der CAU Kiel Megaliths – Societies – Landscapes Early Monumentality and Social Differentiation in Neolithic Europe Volume 3 Proceedings of the international conference »Megaliths – Societies – Landscapes. Early Monumentality and Social Differentiation in Neolithic Europe« (16th–20th June 2015) in Kiel Eds.: Johannes Müller, Martin Hinz, Maria Wunderlich in Kommission Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn 2019 Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn und des Institutes für Ur- und Frühgeschichte der CAU zu Kiel Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn Redaktion Martin Hinz, Maria Wunderlich & Julia Menne (CAU Kiel) Bildbearbeitung Nicole Schwerdtfeger & UFG-Graphic Department (CAU Kiel) Satz & Grafik Nicole Schwerdtfeger & UFG-Graphic Department (CAU Kiel) Design-Konzept Janine Cordts (CAU Kiel) Umschlaggestaltung Janine Cordts (CAU Kiel) Umschlagfoto Vol. 3: Sara Jagiolla (CAU Kiel) Kapitelfotos Ch. 5, Ch. 6 & Ch. 7: Sara Jagiolla (CAU Kiel) Konferenzfotos Sara Jagiolla (CAU Kiel) ISBN 978-3-7749-4213-4 Titel auch als E-Book (PDF) erhältlich unter www.habelt.de Druck BELTZ Grafische Betriebe GmbH, Bad Langensalza Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie. Detailliertere Informationen sind im Internet über <http://dnb.d-nb.de> abrufbar. © 2019 by UFG CAU Kiel and authors 777 Preface of the Series Editor The DFG Priority Program1400 »Early Monumen- this early workshop continued throughout the years tality and Social Differentiation: On the origin and de- after. In consequence the international conference velopment of Neolithic large-scale buildings and the »Megaliths, Societies, Landscapes« was organized emergence of early complex societies in Northern five years after on a broader scale. -
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 10 December 2018 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Chapman, John (2018) 'Climatic and human impact on the environment? : A question of scale.', Quaternary international., 496 . pp. 3-13. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.010 Publisher's copyright statement: c 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Quaternary International 496 (2018) 3e13 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quaint Climatic and human impact on the environment?: A question of scale John Chapman Durham University, -
IRAN Bowl Northern Iran, Ismailabad Chalcolithic, Mid-5Th Millennium BC
IRAN Bowl Northern Iran, Ismailabad Chalcolithic, mid-5th millennium B.C. Pottery (65.1) Published: Handbook, no. 10 Bowl Iran, Tepe Giyan 2500-2000 B.C. Pottery (70.39) Pottery, which appeared in Iran early in the Neolithic Age, provided a cheap substitute for carefully ground stone vessels and less permanent wood and skin containers. It satisfied the need for a variety of such containers in shapes ranging from drinking cups to cooking pots and storage jars. Many of the vessels excavated from prehistoric sites are, therefore, utilitarian in nature with thick walls and little or no decoration. From the beginning, however, the Iranian potter produced some decorated wares. Soon a whole range of fine pottery developed, with local styles of decoration based on the ingenuity of the potter, who was inspired by materials and themes already established in his culture and by the natural forms of the surrounding countryside. Chalcolithic (transition from stone to metal) painted wares developed on the Iranian plateau and in the western mountains. The deep bowl from Ismailabad with burnished red slip and geometric motifs provides an example of early painted ware. Typical of this stage are simple geometric patterns such as lozenges, hatching, zigzags, and triangles. The pottery is usually red or buff; the designs are black. In the 4th millennium, animal forms are more frequently found combined with a greater variety of geometric motifs. This pottery is now sometimes made on the wheel. The bowl from Tepe Giyan in western Iran is an example of later pottery, dating to the second half of the 3rd millennium B.C. -
Table of Contents
Introductory Remarks 5 Preface by the Series Editor................................................... 7 Introductory Remarks ....................................................... 9 Western Anatolia Barbara Horejs Proto-Urbanisation without Urban Centres? A Model of Transformation for the Izmir Region in the 4th Millennium BC ...................................... 15 Ourania Kouka Past Stories – Modern Narratives: Cultural Dialogues between East Aegean Islands and the West Anatolian Mainland in the 4th Millennium BC ...................... 43 Z1/M^&_ New Insights into the Late Chalcolithic of Coastal Western Anatolia: A View from Bakla Tepe, Izmir ....................................................... 65 Sevinç Günel New Contributions Regarding Prehistoric Cultures in the Meander Region: Çine-Tepecik........................................................... 83 Christoph Gerber Iasos, the Carian Chalcolithic and its Relations with Northern Central Anatolia ...... 105 Stephan Blum The Middle Chalcolithic Cultural Sequence of the Troad (Northwest Anatolia): Chronological and Interregional Assessment .................................. 125 Bernhard Weninger – Donald Easton _}<!&9<Z_<~''''+<* Radiocarbon Dating and the Gap ........................................... 157 The Balkans, the Marmara Region and Greece &/ 'Z}}_%%Zth Millennium ....... 203 Agathe Reingruber The Wealth of the Tells: Complex Settlement Patterns and Specialisations in the West Pontic Area between 4600 and 4250 calBC .............................. 217 Svend Hansen -
The Emergence of Cultural Identities and Territorial Policies in the Longue Durée: a View from the Zagros Piedmont
The emergence of cultural identities and territorial policies in the LONGUE DURÉE: A view from the Zagros Piedmont R. Vallet, J.S. Baldi, M. Zingarello, M. Sauvage, H. Naccaro, C. Paladre, F. Bridey, C. Padovani, K. Rasheed, K. Raeuf and Q. Halkawt Abstract. Since 2015, fieldwork in the Western Qara Dagh (Sulaymānīyah governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan) is opening up new perspectives on the dynamics of interaction between late prehistoric Southern and Northern Mesopotamia. Two sites, Girdi Qala and Logardan, are being investigated with a special focus on three main historical phenomena between 6th and 3rd millennia BC. A first major event is represented by the diffusion of the Ubaid horizon, which appears to occur as a very early process of acculturation between Halaf and Ubaid cultural entities. Then, the so-called Uruk “oikumene” is attested in the Qara Dagh, three centuries earlier than previously documented in Northern Mesopotamia, at the very beginning of the 4th millennium BC. Later, around the middle of the 3rd millennium BC, the emergence of the so-called “Early Dynastic states” is documented at Logardan by the rebuilding of a monumental citadel. Architectural and ceramic data allow us to reassess these three major cultural dynamics, each of which implies specific modalities of interaction between the North and the South. This variable range of relationships shows that simplistic dichotomies between Northern and Southern people or “cultures” are misleading and ineffective. Indeed, as of the Late Prehistory, northern and southern communities have never evolved separately. Résumé. Depuis 2015, la mission pluridisciplinaire du Qara Dagh occidental (gouvernorat de Sulaymānīyah, Kurdistan iraquien) ouvre de nouvelles perspectives sur les dynamiques d’interaction entre la Mésopotamie du Nord et du Sud. -
Some Important Aspects of Technology and Craft Production in the Indus Civilization with Specific Reference to Gujarat
Some Important Aspects of Technology and Craft Production in the Indus Civilization with Specific Reference to Gujarat Kuldeep K. Bhan This paper will briefly review the archaeological record of some of the aspects of the craft production in the Indus Tradition from the point of technology, as reflected in manufacturing cycles, possible workshops / activity areas, stock piling and dumping areas so far identified in the available archaeological record of Gujarat. The data presented here is mostly derived from three recently excavated Indus sites by the Department of Archeology and Ancient History, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in combination with the data obtained through ethnoarchaeological studies carried on the stone bead making at Khambhat, Gujarat by Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, Massimo Vidale and myself. With the adaption of rigorous excavations with emphasis on the recovery methods along with ethnoarchaeological studies a lot of fresh useful information regarding the various Indus crafts is beginning to get revealed. The study of the crafts and especially Indus Civilization crafts is growing field of investigation, though some South Asian archeologists still prefer to them as ‘miscellaneous small finds’. This fresh data thus obtained is the highlights of this paper. Keywords: Indus Civilization, Technology, Craft Production, Gujarat, Shell working, Beads, Faience. In this paper, I will be discussing some important aspects various industries, but I will confine myself to certain of the current research on craft production in the selected crafts like stone bead making, shell working Harappan phase of the Indus Tradition that corresponds and faience making, with specific reference to the (c. 2600 to 1900 BC) to the Integration Era (as defined in recent data recovered from the Harappan sites of Kenoyer 1991a). -
Neolithic Period, North-Western Saudi Arabia
NEOLITHIC PERIOD, NORTH-WESTERN SAUDI ARABIA Khalid Fayez AlAsmari PhD UNIVERSITY OF YORK ARCHAEOLOGY SEPTEMBER 2019 Abstract During the past four decades, the Neolithic period in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) had received little academic study, until recently. This was due to the previous widely held belief that the Arabian Peninsula had no sites dating back to this time period, as well as few local researchers and the scarcity of foreign research teams. The decline in this belief over the past years, however, has led to the realisation of the importance of the Neolithic in this geographical part of the world for understanding the development and spread of early farming. As well as gaining a better understanding of the cultural attribution of the Neolithic in KSA, filling the chronological gaps in this historical era in KSA is vital, as it is not well understood compared to many neighbouring areas. To address this gap in knowledge, this thesis aims to consider whether the Northwest region of KSA was an extension of the Neolithic developments in the Levant or an independent culture, through presenting the excavation of the Neolithic site of AlUyaynah. Despite surveys and studies that have been conducted in the KSA, this study is the first of its kind, because the site "AlUyaynah", which is the focus of this dissertation, is the first excavation of a site dating back to the pre-pottery Neolithic (PPN). Therefore, the importance of this study lies in developing an understanding of Neolithic characteristics in the North-Western part of the KSA. Initially, the site was surveyed and then three trenches were excavated to study the remaining levels of occupation. -
23 Contextualising Neolithic Cyrpus: Preliminary
23 CONTEXTUALISING NEOLITHIC CYRPUS: PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS INTO CONNECTIONS BETWEEN CYPRUS AND THE NEAR EAST IN THE LATER NEOLITHIC Joanne Clarke Introduction that was both internally homogeneous and lacking in any It is widely held that connections between Cyprus and the clear evidence of links with contemporary mainland cultures Levant ceased around 7000 BC when the expansive world (Clarke 2003, 212). My view then was that “the absence of the Pre-pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) contracted and of any evidence for external influences [in the Ceramic dislocated into a number of smaller ‘worlds’ during the later Neolithic period] appears to have been socially prescribed Neolithic period (all dates referred to in this paper are cal rather than any real absence of contact” (Clarke 2003, 215). BC). In northern Syria and upper Mesopotamia, a dynamic As circumstantial evidence for contact between Cyprus and and continuously changing, east/west sphere of influence the mainland subsequent to the PPNB continues to accrue can be documented through the post-PPNB/ Halaf /Ubaid (Clarke 2007; see also Erikh-Rose 2004; McCartney 2007) traditions of the 7th to 5th millennia. Likewise, in the south it seems appropriate to return to the question of how Cyprus a largely disconnected, east/west sphere of influence existed, negotiated its relationships with the outside world and beginning with the Yarmoukian around 6200 BC and con- whether human agency, in the form of social identity, was tinuing into the Wadi Rabah and Chalcolithic traditions of the only factor shaping interaction. the 6th and 5th millennia. Between these two geographically delineated spheres of influence is the less well documented region of the central Levant, comprising the Syrian and Connections: What Connections? Lebanese coastal zone, the Ansariyah, Zawiyah, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains, the Homs Gap and the Beqa’a In order for connections between Cyprus and the Levant valley (Fig. -
Successor to Token Accounting Richard Mattessich
Accounting Historians Journal Volume 25 Article 2 Issue 1 June 1998 1998 Recent insights into Mesopotamian accounting of the 3rd millennium B.C. -- Successor to token accounting Richard Mattessich Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aah_journal Part of the Accounting Commons, and the Taxation Commons Recommended Citation Mattessich, Richard (1998) "Recent insights into Mesopotamian accounting of the 3rd millennium B.C. -- Successor to token accounting," Accounting Historians Journal: Vol. 25 : Iss. 1 , Article 2. Available at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aah_journal/vol25/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Archival Digital Accounting Collection at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Accounting Historians Journal by an authorized editor of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mattessich: Recent insights into Mesopotamian accounting of the 3rd millennium B.C. -- Successor to token accounting Accounting Historians Journal Vol. 25, No. 1 June 1998 Richard Mattessich UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA RECENT INSIGHTS INTO MESOPOTAMIAN ACCOUNTING OF THE 3RD MILLENNIUM B.C. — SUCCESSOR TO TOKEN ACCOUNTING Abstract: This paper examines from an accounting perspective re cent work by Nissen et al. [1993], here regarded as an extension of the archaeological research of Schmandt-Besserat [1977, 1992] and its analysis by Mattessich [1987, 1994]. The transition from the 4th millennium B.C. to the 3rd millennium B.C. featured the use of proto- cuneiform and cuneiform accounting techniques to replace the older token accounting. This research reinforces the previously made hypothesis [Mattessich, 1987] that the inserting of tokens into a clay container during the last phase of token accounting corre sponded to debit entries, while the impressing of tokens on the sur face of the container was meant to convey the credit total of an equity.