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Proceedings of the Ninth Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRC Proceedings of the Ninth Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference For the publisher’s version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l’éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous. Publisher’s version / Version de l'éditeur: https://doi.org/10.4224/40001155 Technical Memorandum (National Research Council of Canada. Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics), 1955-12-15 NRC Publications Archive Record / Notice des Archives des publications du CNRC : https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=3f5d3f14-363f-4bca-b1b1-0fd747199ee0 https://publications-cnrc.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=3f5d3f14-363f-4bca-b1b1-0fd747199ee0 Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/copyright READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE. L’accès à ce site Web et l’utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site https://publications-cnrc.canada.ca/fra/droits LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D’UTILISER CE SITE WEB. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team at [email protected]. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n’arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à [email protected]. The Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics is one of about thirty special committees which assist the National Research Council in its work. Formed in 1945 to deal with an urgent wartime problem involving soil and snow, the Comnittee is now performing. its intended task of co-ordinating Canadian research studies concerned with the physical and mechanical properties of the terrain of the Dominion. It does this through subcommittees on Snow and Ice, Soil Mechanics, Muskeg, and Permafrost. The Com­ mittee, which consists of about fifteen Canadians ap­ pointed as individuals and not as representatives, each for a 3-year term, has funds available to it for making research grants for work in its fields of interest. In­ quiries will be welcomed and should be addressed to: The Secretary, Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics, c/o The Division of Building Research, National Research Council, ottawa, Canada. This publication is one of· a series being produced by the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics of the National Research Council. It may therefore be reproduced, without amendment, provided that the Division is told in advance and that full and due acknowledgement of this publication is always made. No abridgment of this report may be published without the written authori­ ty of the Secretary of the A.C.S.S.M. Extracts may be published for purposes of review only. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA ASSOCIATE COMIvIITTEE ON SOIL AND SNOW MECHANICS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH CANADIAN SOIL MECHANICS CONFERENCE - - DECEMBER 15 AND 16, 1955 Technical Memorandum No.41 ottawa October 1956 ( i ) FORWaRD This is a record of the Ninth Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference held at the University of British ｃｯｬｵｭ｢ｩ｡ｾ Vancouver, December 15th and 16th, 1955. The conference was sponsored by the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics of the National Research Council. It was arranged by a local comnlittee with the co-operation of the University of British Columbia e Meetings on both days were conducted in the Engineering Building of the University of British Columbia. The emphasis of the conference was placed on the inter-relationship of pedology, geology, and engineering in dealing with the complex soils of British Columbia. On the evening of December 15th, following a reception and dinner at the ｕｮｩｶ･ｲｳｩｴｾ of British Columbia Faculty Club, the conference joined with the Vancouver Branch of the Engineering Institute of Canada and the British Columbia Professional Engineers to hear papers by F. L. Peckover and D. J. Bazett on soil mechanics aspects of the st. Lawrence Seaway Development. On Saturday, December 17th, there was a field trip to the site of the Cleveland Dam in the Capilano Canyon. The Associate Committee wishes to acknowledge the assistance in the preparations of the conference made by the local committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Cu Fo Ripley. The efforts of Dr. N.A.M.MacKenzie, President of the University of British Columbia, Dean H.C. Gunning, Faculty of Applied Science, and Dean Bo Eagles, Faculty of Agriculture, are greatly appreciated and contributed to the success of the conferenceo The field trip was arranged through the co-operation of Mro T.V. Berry, Commissioner of the Greater Vancouver Water Districto Finally, the stenographic assistance in the preparation of this record given by Mrs. A. Peebles and Mrs. R. Taylor is appreciatedo (ii) TABLE OF CONTENTS Session of December 15 Section 1 Introductory ｲ･ｭｾｫｳ by ｈｾｃｯｇｵｮｮｩｮｧ and R.F.Legget 1 Section 2 Climate and physiography of British Columbia by W.H.Mathews 2 Section 3 Soils of British Columbia by Lo Farstad 10 Section 4 Applica.tion of geology to soil problems in the lower mainland of British Columbia by J.E.Armstrong 11 Section 5 Agricultural soils of the Fraser Valley by E. Hughes ' 20 Section 6 Foundati09 conditions and problems ­ Vancouver, B.C. by PoM.Cook and Lo Brandon 26 Secti0!l 7 Joint evening meeting with EoI.Co and BoC. Association of Professional ｅｮｧｩｮ･･ｾｳ - Soil Mechanics aspects of the StoLawrence Seaway by F.L.Peckover and DoJ.Bazett 31 Session of December 16 Section 8. Problems of foundation settlements in British Columbia by E.JoKlohn 48 Section 9 The Park Bridge slide by RoCoThurber 66 Section 10 Measurements of lateral movements in soils by W.LoShannon 75 Section 11 Consolidation characteristics of organic soils by P.M.Cook 82 (iii) Section 12 Research at Garibaldi Lake, BoCo by W.H.Mathews 88 Section 13 Report of the National Soil Survey Committee, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan by Lo Farstad 90 Section 14 Soils in relation to forestry by FoGoHaddock 93 Section 15 Reports of research work at the Division of Building Research, National Research Council 98 Section 16 General business 102 Appendix A Trial of one-point liquid limit method by WoJ.Eden Appendix B List of those present at the Ninth Annual Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference SESSION OF DECEMBER 1$, 1955 SECTION I Introductory Remarks by Dean H.C. Gunning and R.F. Legget Dean H. C. Gunning welcomed the delegates on behalf of the University of British Columbia and introduced Mr. R. Peterson who acted as Chairman for the morning session. Mr. Peterson then called on Mr. R. F. Legget, the Chairman of the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics. Mr. Legget outlined the history of the past eight conferences and the work of the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanics. The Ninth Conference, Mr. Legget stated, would be devoted to the problems arising from the use of soils in British Columbia. Mr. Legget stressed that the word soil was being used in its broadest sense at the Conference and embraced three fields, that of pedology, geology and engineering. He hoped the members of each discipline would have much to learn from the others represented. - 2 - Section 2 Climate and Physiography of British Columbia by Dro WoH. Mathews The next speaker, Mr. F.rstad, and I, have been asked to introduce to you the soils of British Columbia and something of the conditions under which they have developed o My assignment relates to the environments and Mr. Farstad's to the soils them­ selveso I will feel my duty accomplished if I can but leave with you some idea of the enormous range of soil-forming condi­ tions that exist within this Province, and of the problems accompanying this diversity. Of the five soil-forming factors listed by Jenny, three have played a dominant role in the evolution of the soils of the Province - topography, climate, and parent material; hence the title of this paper. Of these factors, topography plays a double part inasmuch as it has, itself, exerted ｡ｾ｡ｲｫ･､ influence on local climate. The major topographic units of the Province consist of northwesterly trending mountain ranges and intervening lowland and plateau belts o These have been defined recently by Bostock (1948), and by Brink and Farstad (1947)p from west to east as follows: West Insular mountains (of Vancouver and Queen Cnarlotte Islands) Coastal Trench (including Georgia and Hecate Straits) Coast and Cascade Mountains Interior Plateau, Skeena and Hazelton Mountains and Stikine Plateau East Columbia, Omineca, and Cassiar Mountains Rocky Moununn Trench Rocky Mountains Great Plains - 3 - Throughout the Province, except in its northeastern corner, the local relief is greato Vanderhoof in the Interior P'Lat e au, has been reputed to be the only town in B<, Co, in which it is not possible to see a mountain and this reputation, I suspect y originates from the ｦ｡ｾｴ that the town is nestled in a valley whose walls restrict the distant views o Extreme relief within limited areas is not uncommon9 local relief of 5 y ooo feet is general o In the mountain belts and in several localities, differences in elevation of as much as 10,000 feet occur within a horizontal distance of 15 miles o Rough terrain is widespread o
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