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Summary Illicit Transactions and Seizures

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Summary Illicit Transactions and Seizures C. 57. M. 57. 1946. xi. [O.C.S. 300(®).] Geneva, July 1st, 1946. LEAGUE OF NATIONS TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS SUMMARY OF ILLICIT TRANSACTIONS AND SEIZURES DURING 1943 REPORTED TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS This document. which was prepared by the Secretariat of the League of Nations before July 31st, had to be printed after that date. The cost of printing it was therefore borne by the United Nations. — 3 — PART I CASES REPORTED IN PREVIOUS SUMMARIES IN REGARD TO WHICH FURTHER INFORMATION HAS BEEN RECEIVED No. 2203. — Conviction of Eliopoulos brothers. Information contained in the Annual Report of the Government of the United States of America for 1943. Reference : The conviction on June 11th, 1943, of George and Elias r o r M\ R 1943/31 Eliopoulos in Federal Court in the Eastern District of New York C.19.M.19.1946.XI was a significant accomplishment in the world-wide fight against [Ô.c".S.30(j(w)], the illicit traffic in narcotics. Evidence was assembled against page 36, No. 2203. the pair when at last they came into United States jurisdiction and they were convicted by a jury in Brooklyn on an indictment relating to a large seizure of morphine landed from the steamship Alesia in 1930. The shipment consisted of twenty-five cases labelled “ furs ”, but actually containing 17,500 cans of narcotic drugs worth a substantial fortune in the traffic at that time and, at prices prevailing in the underworld of to-day, millions of dollars. The Federal jury, after hearing evidence for two weeks, returned its verdict. Both brothers were found guilty of violating the Harrison Act on two counts and, in addition, Elias was convicted of conspiracy. On October 8th, 1943, the United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, ordered the verdict to be set aside in this case. The Government will appeal against this decision. An indictment against the Eliopoulos brothers is still pending in the Southern District of New York. * * * The accounts of this case contain the following statements concerning the illicit drug activities of the Eliopoulos brothers and the significance of their case : International police annals contain no more remarkable story than that of the rise and fall of the Eliopoulos brothers. The “ drug barons of Europe ” reached a position of virtual wrorld monopoly in illicit narcotic traffic during the years 1929, 1930 and 1931. The resurrection of this case from the comparatively distant past is particularly interesting in that it shows the striking contrast betw'een the prodigious quantities of narcotic drugs at that time readily available to the illicit traffic and the relative scarcity which has existed for several years past. It is eloquent testimony to the marked progress w'hich, up to the outbreak of the Second World War, had been made through international co-operation in the suppression of this traffic. In volume and extent of operations, the Eliopoulos brothers have never been approached, in the opinion of Narcotic officials. Veritable tons of opium wrere smuggled into China from their European factories, in addition to the vast traffic directed at the United States through the machinations of the pair, who maintained a “ front ” as businessmen and bankers. By the expedient of sending to prison one after another of the Eliopoulos agents and distributors in this country, and by seizure after seizure of costly contraband by Customs, the Treasury Department undermined the foundation of the smuggling conspiracy : but the two principals remained far from the jurisdiction of American courts. In the meantime, world public opinion was crystallising into a crusade against this nefarious business, and international co-operation in its suppression was developing, writh the United States taking a leading part. The drug barons, who boasted of the friendship of kings and princes, finally began a flight across international boundaries, at first attempting to take their drug factories and their smuggling technique with them. Finally, their hegira became a quest for sanctuary only, and as World War II spread across Europe their plight became desperate. Their trail had led from France to Germany, from Germany to the Balkans and Greece, and finally from Greece to North Africa. There they found an unfriendly haven, and the then potent Afrika Korps made it a hazardous one. Apparently the possibility of prosecution °n almost-forgotten charges in United States courts held less terror for them than the uncertainties of war-torn Europe and Africa. They fled to the United States in 1941 ; and the Narcotic officers promptly learned of their presence and proceeded to assemble their evidence against them. The list of American associates, distributors, and connections of the Eliopoulos brothers constitutes a substantial “ directory ” of American criminals. It remained for a second wrorld war to force the brothers into the jurisdiction of the country whose laws they had flouted, and the verdict in Brooklyn suggests that the amazing story of the Eliopoulos brothers may have its finis written within United States prison walls. ‘tf’Sl-S.d.N. 700 (F.) 625 (A.) 9/46. Imp. Granchamp, Annemasse. — 4 PART II NEW CASES OF SEIZURES DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING GROUPS : 1. Raw Opium. 5. Codeine. 2. P repared Opium and Dross. 6. Coca Leaves and Cocaine. 3. Morphine. 7. Indian H emp. 4. H eroin. 1. RAW OPIUM No. 2267. — Seizure in London on January 20th, 1943. Report communicated by the Government of the United Kingdom, February 9th, 1943. Reference : _ 1 (a). Raw opium : 8 kg. 181 gr. (18 pounds), in 1-pound O.C.S./Conf.l465. (454.5 grammes) packets. Possibly Iranian origin, as the accused joined the ship at Basra. 3. H.M. Customs Officers, when re-searching the British s.s. Baharislan (ports of call : Freetown, Cape Town, Abadan, Basra, Colombo, Calcutta, Colombo, Cape Town, Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Valparaiso, Panama, Cuba, New York), discovered the opium in question distributed amongst the clothing in two drawers in the cabin of Ah Hing, Chinese, ship’s carpenter. The opium was first wrapped in plain tissue paper, then in brown paper, and finally secured in three bundles of six packets, by means of sailcloth. None of the wrappings bore marks of identification. Ah Hing stated that he had found the opium in the hold of the vessel whilst at Buenos Aires and took it to his room. 4. The accused was convicted and sentenced to a fine of £25 and £1 Is. costs or, in default, to imprisonment for two months. No. 2268. — Seizure at Liverpool on May 8th, 1943. Report communicated by the Govern­ ment of the United Kingdom, May 31st, 1943. Reference,—I I n: i j a 1 (a).\ / Raw opiumJL : 795 Dgrammes (1\ poundX 12 ounces)./ In O,C.S./Conf.l484. one block. 3. The opium was discovered in a false bottom in a saloon locker on board the s.s. Denbighshire (A. Holt & Co.), coming from Liverpool via Cape Town, Aden, Suez, Alexandria, Melbourne and Panama ports, and returning there. It had been purchased for £30 in Aden. 4. The accused, Chu Ah Fa, was fined £15 with £1 Is. costs. No. 2269. — Seizure in London on July 26th, 1943. Report communicated by the Govern­ ment of the United Kingdom, September 7th, 1943. Reference : 1 (a). Raw opium : 11 kg. 363 gr. (25 pounds). Origin O.C.S./Conf.l492. unknown. 3. The opium was found on board the s.s. Salando (Dutch Cargo vessel), coming from Calcutta via Madras, Colombo, Durban and Freetown, on its way to London. The opium was concealed behind spare fire-bricks on a steel ledge in the stokehold. The offender, Lee King Sue, stated that he purchased the opium in Durban. 4. The accused was sentenced to a fine of £20 plus £1 Is. costs. No. 2270. — Seizure at Cardiff on September 26th, 1943. Report communicated by the Government of the United Kingdom, October 19th, 1943. Reference : 1 (a). Raw opium : 1 kg. 619 gr. (3 pounds 9 ounces). O.C.S./Conf.l494. (Indian and Iranian flat cakes). A minute quantity of opium dross, also opium-smoking utensils. 3. The opium was found in drawers under a wash-basin during rummage of Chinese forecastle on board the m.s. Phrontis (Dutch cargo vessel), coming from Indian ports via Liverpool. 4. The accused, Loi Cheng Ping, was fined £20 (or imprisonment for two months). J — 5 — No. 2271. — Seizure in London on October 9th, 1943. Report communicated by the Government of the United Kingdom, December 11th, 1943. 0 cT/Conf 1503 • l {a)\ RaW, T T : 2 kg\ 727 gr' In six Packages each u . u . s . / u o i I. o. weighing 1 pound (454.5 grammes). 3. The opium was found on the accused, Lai Kai, Chinese ship’s carpenter, on board the s.s. Havildar (Asiatic S. S. Co. Ltd., British cargo vessel), comin^ from Calcutta, Madras, Aden, Suez, Port Said and Alexandria. The seizure was made whilst Lai Kai was endeavouring to leave the docks. He was carrying an overcoat over his arm. The drug was concealed in the sleeves and in the two outside pockets of the overcoat. Lai Kai stated that the parcels containing the opium were given to him outside a Chinese club in London by another Chinaman, who was to collect them at some later date. 4. The accused was sentenced to a fine of £25 and £2 7s. costs. The fine and costs were paid. No. 2272. — Seizure at Liverpool on November 29th, 1943. Report communicated by the Government of the United Kingdom, December 22nd, 1943. Reference : 1 (a).
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