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Download Article Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 356 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2019) Scientific Implication and Time Value of Confucius' View on Science and Technology Min Qiu Wenzhang Tang School of Marxism School of Marxism Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China 430081 Wuhan, China 430081 Abstract—Confucius wrote a lot works in his life. His thought which lead to people being imprisoned in the process compilation of six Confucian classics, such as "The Book of of scientific and technological exploration, more of them are Songs" and "Shangshu", and "The Analects of Confucius" and the misunderstanding of Confucius' scientific and "The Book of Rites", completed by his disciples and disciples of technological view and the confusion between feudal later generations, not only kept the original appearance of autocracy and his political and ethical thought. Especially in ancient documents, but also recorded and reflected Confucius' the May 4th Movement, people held high the banner of political ideals, educational thoughts and a lot of ancient "science and democracy" and shouted "knock down Confucian scientific and technological knowledge. It has become a unique school" in the process of anti-feudalism, pushing traditional Confucian view of science and technology. Although Confucius' China into the process of modernization, thus opening the view of science and technology is scattered in various classics, its prelude to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. While system is relatively complete. It contains rich ideas of heaven, earth, humanity, life, agriculture, mathematics, music and so on. breaking away from the shackles of feudal autocracy, scholars Confucius' view of science and technology is prominently often oppose Confucianism with modern science and embodied in its scientific implications, such as its strong democratic ideas, and unilaterally consider Confucius as a exploratory spirit of seeking truth and innovation, its distinct typical representative of anti-democracy and anti-technology. scientific characteristics of knowing morality and godlessness, its This is obviously a misunderstanding of Confucius' thought. deep humanistic concern for cherishing life and loving things, Thus, it is an important academic task for today's academia to and its scientific sense of law of reverence for heaven and fear clarify the historical confusion and to clear up the source of for destiny. Deeply exploring the contemporary value of Confucianism to study Confucius' view of science and Confucius' scientific and technological outlook and drawing on technology and pursue its realistic value. his scientific and technological wisdom of being noble in nature, being objective and realistic, benevolent and righteous will help II. CONFUCIUS' SUMMARY AND EXPLORATION OF THE to guard against the possible harm to human beings caused by the "double-edged sword" of scientific and technological ACHIEVEMENTS OF ANCIENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY progress. In the past, scholars intentionally or unintentionally Confucius lived in the relatively free Spring and Autumn forgot, neglected or even criticized Confucius' view of science Period. The decline of the Zhou Royal Family led to the and technology when they studied and absorbed his political emergence of all groups of men and the continuous expedition. wisdom and educational thoughts. Therefore, it is an important On the contrary, the chaos of the country has created a social academic task for the study of contemporary philosophy of environment in which thinkers are not subject to institutional science and technology to clarify the historical misunderstanding constraints, and hundreds of schools of thought have sprung up. of Confucius' view of science and technology and to pursue its Confucius, who served as a teacher all his life, not only realistic value and restore the original theory of Confucius' view established his own ideological system in political ethics and of science and technology. social enlightenment, but also made a unique contribution to Keywords—Confucius; view on science and technology; summarizing the achievements of ancient scientific and characteristics; value technological development. He collated a large number of ancient books, and his compilation of the Six Classics (六经) had a great impact on future generations. In sorting out ancient I. INTRODUCTION books, Confucius deleted and compiled them generally with Confucius, as a master of Chinese culture in the Axis Age, the attitude of "trusting thoughts of the ancient, stating them had a vast knowledge of the world at that time, and scholars of and not adding self-comments", which better preserved the later generations could hardly catch up. Its profound thoughts original appearance of ancient documents. But many shocked the past and sparkled the present. It can penetrate documents are miscellaneous, incomplete, or obscure. For this more than 2,000 years of history and influence all parts of the reason, Confucius carried out arduous collection, deletion, world today. However, while his political and educational selection and collation work, and also added small prefaces to thoughts have been extensively studied, Confucius' scientific clarify its gist. Confucius thought carefully and simplified his and technological views are often forgotten, neglected or even words, and his personal thoughts were also fully presented in criticized. Although there are some defects of Confucius' "The Six Classics". After Confucius's death, "The Analects of Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 687 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 356 Confucius (论语)" and "The Book of Rites (礼记)", completed not only made a comprehensive exploration, but also opened a by his disciples and his disciples of later generations, also historical precedent in many aspects. recorded that "when Confucius spoke with his disciples and people at that time, their discourses were recorded" [1]. In III. SCIENTIFIC IMPLICATION OF CONFUCIUS' VIEW ON "The Six Classics", "The Analects of Confucius" and "The SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Book of Rites", Confucius recorded a great deal of ancient scientific and technological knowledge and formed a unique Confucius' view of science and technology is scattered in Confucian scientific and technological concept. his writings, but the system is relatively complete, forming a unique Confucian view of heaven, earth, humanity, life, "The Book of Changes (易经)" came into being in the Zhou agriculture, mathematics, music and so on. These thoughts Dynasty and became the first Confucian classics after present distinct personality characteristics and scientific Confucius compiled it. This book explores the law of implications. development and change of things, pointing out that things have the duality of Yin and Yang. The change is caused by the A. The Spirit of Seeking Truth and Innovation interaction of Yin and Yang. The process never ends, but can be controlled. Ancient Chinese scientists and technicians, from Confucius pursued truth all his life, and adhered to the Zhang Heng in the Han Dynasty to Fang Yizhi in the Qing doctrine of "one has not lived in vain if he dies after he is told Dynasty, were inspired by Yi-ology. The cyclotomy technique, of the Truth". Confucius believed that in scientific exploration, invented by Liu Zheng in Jin Dynasty, was inspired by the people must have the ideological preparation for arduous thinking of image number in Yi-ology. Modern chaos principle, exploration. "It is not worth talking with a scholar who aspires quantum mechanics, positive and negative particles, genetic after the truth, yet disgraces himself by not dressing well or code, earthquake periodic law, binary computer invention and eating well" (The Analects of Confucius · Liren, "论语·里仁"). so on, all contain Taiji thinking in "The Book of Changes". An objective attitude of seeking truth from facts should be "The Book of Changes" contains induction, deduction, analogy taken in the study. People should not pretend to understand and imagery thinking, intersection thinking and mutual unless they know how to study and ask questions. They should thinking, which formed the innovation method of science and also have the spirit of constant innovation and exploration, and technology in ancient China. As the earliest historical book in always strive to "keep pace with the times" (The Book of 礼记·大学 China, "Shangshu ( 尚书)" recorded a large number of Rites · Daxue, " "). achievements in astronomy, geography and agriculture in ancient times. "Shangshu · Yaodian (尚书·尧典)" records the B. The Scientific Characteristics of Knowing Morality and situation of Emperor Yao's calendar making, Godlessness "Shangshu · Yugong (尚书·禹贡)" records the distribution of Confucius believed that knowledge played an important several states in the country after Xia Yu's water control, and role in human virtue. If morality lacks the support of even describes water conservancy projects, rivers, soil, knowledge and truth, the behavior will go to the opposite side. vegetation and even the trend of mountains in each state. Because "Love of benevolence and not love of learning is to be Joseph Needham called it "the earliest book of physical fooled; Love of wisdom and not love
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