DOCSLIB.ORG

Dairy Cows: Primary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dairy Cows: Primary Dairy Cows: Primary This section allows pupils to consider how important milk is in terms of nutrition, as well as informing students of where milk comes from, what can be made out of milk, and some of the science and tech innovations implemented on dairy farms. There is a short video which would benefit those pupils who are not familiar with the dairy industry and milk production. Introduction The introductory section invited students to consider first of all which animals we may find on a UK farm, and then which animals provide us with milk to buy in our shops. Depending on context of delivery, students could either: a) Decide in pairs or groups then provide feed-back; b) Use mini-whiteboards to display their answer for each species individually; or c) verbally provide feed-back as you move through each species individually. Predominantly, milk from cows, goats, sheep, is produced and sold UK. One Bath farmer is producing horse milk using his mares (female horses). His milk is available to buy in small amounts online but it isn’t available widely. Combe Hay Mare's Milk | Naturally Nutritious Milk and Beauty Products Pig milk is not available to purchase in the UK. Sows (female pigs) do produce milk, but it is very difficult to milk them as they have 14 teats that are very near to the ground. Camel milk is not produced in the UK but it is available to purchase. In some areas of the world, camel milk is very popular. There is only one European Camel farm. It is located in the Netherlands. The farm produces milk, milk powder, soap, and cream all made from the camel’s milk. Should you wish to further explore this route, you can find out more about the farm here and also see the camels live via their cameras. About Us - UK Camel Milk Ltd Milk: Where Does it Actually Come From? Explain that the predominant focus of this session will be cow’s milk as it is the most commonly consumed type in the UK. First, invite students to watch a video of cows being milked in a traditional milking parlour. Milk: Why drink it? This section provides explanation of the nutritional benefits of drinking milk. Should you wish to use this session in a lesson, students could create a poster to illustrate the benefits of drinking milk. The secondary resource delves into the nutritional benefits in more detail. For some Year 6 groups, you may find additional information useful. What other products can be made from milk? This section shows simply what can be made of milk. Explain that milk is also in many products we wouldn’t necessarily think about so they should take a look around their kitchens to see what else contains milk. Could this be a homework activity? Alternatively, use a shopping basket. Use some products that definitely do contain milk, some that definitely do not, and also a few that might surprise students. Milking with Robots This section demonstrates some of the tech advances utilised in the dairy industry and their advantages. Further Activity Ideas Dairy Use milk and live yogurt to culture your own yogurt in class, make butter, or make ice cream quickly and easily in class. Making butter works well in groups as it requires students to move the liquid continually, and sometime arms get tired! Afterwards, reward students for their efforts by spreading their butter onto fresh warm bread! Some year 6 classes may be able to use milk to create plastic with a simple STEM experiment. There are a whole host of dairy resources including looking at dairy farming at Countryside Classroom. Follow this link for a ‘dairy’ search: Teaching Resources | Countryside Classroom Also investigate the sheep and goat milking industries in the UK. The video, https://www.whyfarmingmatters.co.uk/using-the-videos shows more of where milk comes from and what it can be made into. Further Links For further classroom resources, inspiration, and information on using food, farming and the countryside within education: • https://leafuk.org/education/leaf-education • Home | Countryside Classroom • www.whyfarmingmatters.co.uk • www.foodafactoflife.org.uk • https://leafuk.org/farmertime/home • Contact your local LEAF Regional Education Consultant ([email protected]) and organise for your pupils to experience fruit and vegetable farming themselves by visiting a local farm. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Daf Hakashrus
    ww ww VOL. d f / NO. 4 SHEVAT 5775/FEBRUARY 2015 s xc THEDaf a K ashrus A MONTHLYH NEWSLETTER FOR THE OU RABBINIC FIELD REPRESENTATIVE MILK FROM NON-KOSHER SPECIES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE US KOSHER DAIRY INDUSTRY RABBI AVROHOM GORDIMER HORSES RC, Dairy Although horses are rou- tinely milked in some Asian countries and for exotic food “I JUST saw an article about camel milk being sold. Is this a prob- purposes in parts of Europe, lem for kosher dairy products?” “I heard that pigs are now being lactating (milk-producing) milked in Pennsylvania and there is a horse milk dairy in Missouri. horses yield only 20-33% the amount Does this affect the status of cholov stam?” of milk as dairy cows. This makes At OU headquarters, we occasionally receive such inquires, and horse dairy farming highly inefficient. This those of us who subscribe to dairy industry news media see informa- low yield, coupled with a very brief lactation period when compared with that of cows, has kept horse milk חלב tion from time to time about the potential farming and sale of milk from non-kosher animals. What are the facts on the production in the United States limited to an Amish farm ,בהמה טמאה regular milk, in any way that milks a small herd of horses and uses their milk for ,חלב סתם ground, and is the kosher status of jeopardized? soaps and cosmetics. Let’s first look at this all from an agricultural/livestock perspective DONKEYS and then from a legal perspective. Despite efforts to introduce donkey milk into the US market, donkey milk is almost nonexistent outside of PIGS countries where donkeys are one of the main forms of Pigs are impossible to milk efficiently: A pig has 8-10 small nipples, livestock.
    [Show full text]
  • Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare Around Weaning: a Review
    animals Review Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review Laia Blavi * , David Solà-Oriol , Pol Llonch , Sergi López-Vergé , Susana María Martín-Orúe and José Francisco Pérez Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; [email protected] (D.S.-O.); [email protected] (P.L.); [email protected] (S.L.-V.); [email protected] (S.M.M.-O.); [email protected] (J.F.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-93-581-1504 Simple Summary: Weaning is an important period for the swine industry and is influenced by the early events that occur during gestation and lactation. Therefore, a range of dietary and management strategies have to be implemented to achieve optimal health status, maturity, and weight at weaning. In this review, we aimed to identify the major dietary nutrients and management strategies to enhance fetal growth, reducing the oxidative and inflammatory status of sows, modulating the microbiota of sows, enhancing colostrum and milk production, and taking care of neonatal piglets. Abstract: The performance of piglets in nurseries may vary depending on body weight, age at weaning, management, and pathogenic load in the pig facilities. The early events in a pig’s life are very important and may have long lasting consequences, since growth lag involves a significant cost to the system due to reduced market weights and increased barn occupancy. The present Citation: Blavi, L.; Solà-Oriol, D.; review evidences that there are several strategies that can be used to improve the performance and Llonch, P.; López-Vergé, S.; welfare of pigs at weaning.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Info Guide 24 Pages
    Your Guide to raising healthy, profitable young livestock www.nursette.com DeLuxe Milk Replacers formulated for Calves Lambs Kids Baby Pigs Foals LEARN ABOUT ØStomach Development ØWinter Feeding ØMilk Replacer Mixing Temperature ØCalf Milk-Bits Ø100% Milk Protein - Where does it ØProtecting Your Milk Replacers ØInvesting for the Future come from? ØCanadian Made Milk Replacers ØDeLuxe Lamb Milk Replacer - Tips Ø Putting your dairy surplus to work. ØOur DeLuxe All Milk Replacers Clot ØDeluxe Lamb Milk Replacer Feeding Ø Calf Milk Replacers - Comparison ØCompare Milk Replacer Feeding Directions Table Directions ØFeeding Kids Deluxe Super Start Milk Ø Feeding directions for DeLuxe calf ØAfter Colostrum Milk Replacer Replacer milk replacers Ø ØManagement and Feeding of Shipped Deluxe Baby Pig Milk Replacer Ø About All Milk Proteins In Calves ØMilk-Bits Pig Starters Ø Heads Up - Deaths Down ØW h y U s e D e L u x e C a l f M i l k ØDeLuxe Foal Milk Replacer Ø Calf Rearing Errors Replacers? ØFoal Milk-Bits ØAbomasal Clotting ØTips On Raising Calves for Profit ™ Milk-Based Pellets designed for Early Weaning Complete Diet Conditioning Pre-Starter Weaning Aid Supplement Quality and Service Since 1967 Manufacturers of Call Our Toll Free Number: 800-667-6624 Quality Fax 780-672-6797 — Phone 780-672-4757 MILK REPLACERS & MILK PELLETS Box 1596 Camrose Alberta T4V 1X6 For Nursing Baby Animals E-mail: [email protected] DeLuxe Milk Replacers for Calves Deluxe Super All G.U. Formula Calf Start Milk General Starter K Milk Replacer Tag Color green gold yellow rose white Protein % 26 20 20 20 20 Milk Protein % 26 20 17 17 12 Fat % 16.5 20 20 12 10 Fiber % 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.25 1.0 Phosphorus % 0.75 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Calcium % 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Vitamin A IU/kg 50,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 Vitamin D IU/kg 16,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 Vitamin E IU/kg 600 50 50 50 50 Selenium mg/kg 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride % none none none none 0.0055 VALUE BEST BETTER GOOD Deluxe Super All G.U.
    [Show full text]
  • 9. Composition of Sow Colostrum and Milk
    9. Composition of sow colostrum and milk W.L. Hurley University of Illinois, Agricultural Education Program, 430 Animal Sciences Laboratory, 1207 W. Gregory, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA; [email protected] Abstract Components of milk include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and cells. The contents of these components are affected by a variety of factors, with stage of lactation having the most dramatic influence on composition. Mammary secretions from the sow during the initial 24 h after parturition are generally higher in concentrations of immunoglobulins, some microminerals and vitamins, and hormones and growth factors, and lower in concentrations of lactose, when compared with mature milk. Fat concentration in sow milk is transiently increased during the period from day 2 to day 4 of lactation. The composition of milk after day 7 to day 10 is relatively stable for the remainder of lactation. Diet can affect some milk components, including concentrations of fat, fat-soluble vitamins and some minerals, as well as proportions of specific fatty acids. Genetics, parity, colostrum and milk yield, and ambient temperature have also been found to affect component composition of colostrum and milk. This chapter summarizes some of the literature available on sow colostrum and milk composition. Benchmark averages of component concentrations based on values reported in the literature are also provided. Keywords: mammary gland, protein, fat, lactose, immunoglobulins 9.1 Introduction In its fetal stage of development, the piglet relies on the sow as the source of all nutrients, growth stimulating factors and protective factors. Once it is born, the piglet continues to rely on the sow for many of those inputs through the secreted fluids from the mammary gland.
    [Show full text]
  • Transgenicalteration of Sow Milk to Improve Piglet Growth and Health
    Reproduction Supplement 58, 313 - 324 Transgenicalteration of sow milk to improve piglet growth and health M. B. Wheeler', G. T. Bleck' and S. M. Donovan2 Departments of 'Animal Sciences and 2Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA There are many potential applications of transgenic methodologies for developing new and improved strains of livestock. One practical application of transgenic technology in pig production is to improve milk production or composition. The first week after parturition is the period of greatest loss for pig producers, with highest morbidity and mortality attributed to malnutrition and scours. Despite the benefits to be gained by improving lactation performance, little progress has been made in this area through genetic selection or nutrition. Transgenic technology provides an important tool for addressing the problem of low milk production and its detrimental impact on pig production. Transgenic pigs over-expressing the milk protein bovine a- lactalbumin were developed. a-Lactalbumin was selected for its role in lactose synthesis and regulation of milk volume. Sows hemizygous for the transgene produced as much as 0.9 g bovine a-lactalbumin I-' pig milk. The outcomes assessed were milk composition, milk yield and piglet growth. First parity a-lactalbumin gilts had higher milk lactose content in early lactation and 20-50% greater milk yield on days 3-9 of lactation than did non- transgenic gilts. Weight gain of piglets suckling a-lactalbumin gilts was greater (days 7-21 after parturition) than that of control piglets. Thus, transgenic over-expression of milk proteins may provide a means for improving the lactation performance of pigs.
    [Show full text]
  • Raw Milk in Context†
    BYRNE 7/20/2011 11:44 AM View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Oregon Scholars' Bank DONNA M. BYRNE* Raw Milk in Context† I. Argument and Regulation: The Milk Debate in the Twenty-First Century ...................... 112 A. The Risks of Raw Milk .................................................. 112 B. Purported Benefits of Raw Milk .................................... 115 C. The Regulatory Landscape ............................................. 117 II. A Brief History of Milk Drinking ......................................... 121 III. From There to Here ............................................................... 125 IV. Conclusion ............................................................................. 128 Most milk consumed in the United States today is pasteurized and homogenized, and comes from large commercial dairies. Raw milk, on the other hand, is obtainable almost exclusively from small-scale family farms using sustainable and organic methods. Technologically, pasteurization is a more intensive process by which a food is heated to a temperature that kills most pathogens. Pasteurization of fluid milk has been required in the United States for about 100 years, and its widespread adoption brought great reductions in infant mortality rates.1 Depending on the state, raw milk sales in this country are * Professor of Law, William Mitchell College of Law, St. Paul, MN. Nicolas J. Allyn, William Mitchell College of Law J.D. candidate (2011), did most of the preliminary research for this Essay as part of a paper he wrote for my Food Law Seminar. After careful review, I adopted a substantial amount of Nic’s writing into the section about the risks and benefits of raw milk. I am most grateful to Nic for his research help and for the permission to draw from his paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Hygiea Internationalis, Title Pages
    HYGIEA INTERNATIONALIS An Interdisciplinary Journal for the History of Public Health Volume 6, No. 2, 2007 The following Swedish research foundations have provided financial support for the journal: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS) The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) ISSN, Print: 1403-8668; Electronic: 1404-4013 URL: http://www.ep.liu.se/ej/hygiea/ Editorial Board Giovanni Berlinguer, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Italy Virginia Berridge, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, U.K. Patrice Bourdelais, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, France Linda Bryder, University of Auckland, New Zealand Marcos Cueto, Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Peru Christopher Hamlin, University of Notre Dame, U.S.A. Robert Jütte, Robert Bosch Stiftung, Germany Øivind Larsen, University of Oslo, Norway Marie C. Nelson, Linköping University, Sweden Dorothy E. Porter, University of California, U.S.A. Günter B. Risse, University of California, U.S.A. Esteban Rodriguez-Ocaña, University of Granada, Spain John Rogers, Uppsala University, Sweden Jan Sundin, Linköping University, Sweden Lars-Göran Tedebrand, Umeå University, Sweden John H. Woodward, The University of Sheffield, U.K. Editorial Committee Laurinda Abreu, Patrice Bourdelais, Jan Sundin and Sam Willner Copyright This journal is published under the auspices of Linköping University Electronic Press. All Authors retain the copyright of their articles. © Linköping University Electronic Press and the Authors Table of Contents Volume 6, No. 2, 2007 Editorial Sam Willner Preface 5 Patrice Bourdelais Introduction. Cultural History 7 of Medical Regulations Articles Iris Borowy International Social Medicin between 13 two Wars. Positioning a Volatile Concept Esteban Rodríguez-Ocaña Medicine as a Social Political Science 37 The Case of Spain c.
    [Show full text]
  • Pigs and Plaques: Considering Rm
    IRAQ (2018) Page 1 of 15 Doi:10.1017/irq.2018.10 1 PIGS AND PLAQUES: CONSIDERING RM. 714 IN LIGHT OF COMPARATIVE ARTISTIC AND TEXTUAL SOURCES1 By GINA KONSTANTOPOULOS Rm. 714, a first millennium B.C.E. tablet in the collections of the British Museum, is remarkable for the fine carving of a striding pig in high relief on its obverse. Purchased by Hormuzd Rassam in Baghdad in 1877, it lacks archaeological context and must be considered in light of other textual and artistic references to pigs, the closest parallel being a sow and her piglets seen in the reliefs of Court VI from Sennacherib’s palace at Nineveh. Unlike depictions of pigs on later cylinder seals, where they are often shown as a dangerous quarry in hunting scenes, Rm. 714’s pig appears in a more neutral, non-aggressive posture, similar to the sow in the Assyrian reliefs. Although Rm. 714’s highly curved reverse would inhibit its use as a mounted or otherwise easily displayed object, the tablet may still have served as an apotropaic object or sculptor’s model, among other potential functions. Rm. 714: Introduction This article centers on the analysis of a single tablet, Rm. 714, and the fine carving of a pig found on its obverse. Mesopotamian tablets could serve as the medium for more than cuneiform, and drawings are found on tablets as early as the third millennium B.C.E. Many of these early tablets are otherwise uninscribed, but later examples feature both drawing and cuneiform writing on a single tablet.2 Rm.
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cow, Donkey and Goat Milk Extracellular
    nutrients Article Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cow, Donkey and Goat Milk Extracellular Vesicles as Revealed by Metabolomic Profile Samanta Mecocci 1,2 , Federica Gevi 3 , Daniele Pietrucci 4 , Luca Cavinato 5, Francesco R. Luly 5, Luisa Pascucci 1, Stefano Petrini 6 , Fiorentina Ascenzioni 5, Lello Zolla 3, Giovanni Chillemi 4,7,* and Katia Cappelli 1,2,* 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (L.P.) 2 Centro di Ricerca sul Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy 3 Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; [email protected] (F.G.); [email protected] (L.Z.) 4 Dipartimento per l’Innovazione Nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; [email protected] 5 Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie C. Darwin, Università di Roma la Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (F.R.L.); fi[email protected] (F.A.) 6 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, 06126 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] 7 Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, IBIOM, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.C.); [email protected] (K.C.); Tel.: +39-0761-357429 (G.C.); +39-075-5857722 (K.C.) Received: 12 August 2020; Accepted: 17 September 2020; Published: 23 September 2020 Abstract: In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell-derived micro and nano-sized structures enclosed in a double-layer membrane, have been in the spotlight for their high potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
    [Show full text]
  • Nonruminant Nutrition: Enzyme Supplementation and Methodology
    pig is an important production species and biomedical model, however the min- W130 Effect of vaccenic acid/conjugated linoleic acid-enriched butter eral or trace element content of pig milk and mammary transport systems have on plasma lipoproteins in the cholesterol-fed hamster. A. L. Lock1, C. A. M. not been well characterized. We analyzed the mineral and trace element content Horne2, D. E. Bauman*1, and A. M. Salter2, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, of porcine milk throughout lactation and compared it to bovine and human 2University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LEICS, UK. milk. Milk was obtained from three sows at farrowing (0 h), 12 h and d 1-4, 7, 14, 18, 21 and 24 postpartum. Human milk (n=8) was obtained between 1 and Butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA (rumenic acid; RA) and vaccenic 3 months postpartum and bovine milk (n=3) from cows in midlactation. Milk acid (VA) has been shown to be an effective anticarcinogen; however, there has samples were analyzed by atomic absorption (Ca, Mg, Na and K), colorimetric been no examination of the effects of a naturally-derived source of VA and RA assay (P) and trace elements by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spec- on atherosclerosis-related biomarkers. The current study was designed to deter- troscopy (Cu, Fe and Zn). Longitudinal changes in porcine milk were analyzed mine the effect of VA/RA-enriched butter (VA/RA-BT) on plasma lipoproteins by repeated measures ANOVA using the MIXED model within SAS and data and tissue fatty acid profiles in the cholesterol-fed hamster as the biomedical are expressed at means ± SEM.
    [Show full text]
  • Inclusion of Oat and Yeast Culture in Sow Gestational and Lactational Diets Alters Immune and Antimicrobial Associated Proteins in Milk
    animals Article Inclusion of Oat and Yeast Culture in Sow Gestational and Lactational Diets Alters Immune and Antimicrobial Associated Proteins in Milk Barry Donovan 1, Aridany Suarez-Trujillo 2, Theresa Casey 2 , Uma K. Aryal 3 , Dawn Conklin 1, Leonard L. Williams 4 and Radiah C. Minor 1,* 1 Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; [email protected] (B.D.); [email protected] (D.C.) 2 Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; [email protected] (A.S.-T.); [email protected] (T.C.) 3 Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Proteomics Facility, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA; [email protected] 4 Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-336-285-4787 Simple Summary: This study investigated the impact that supplementing sow’s gestation and lactation feed with oat alone or together with brewer’s yeast has on milk proteins and piglet growth and health. Oat and yeast supplements increased abundance of several milk proteins involved in immune protection. Piglets born from either the oat- or yeast-supplemented sows had decreased Citation: Donovan, B.; incidence of diarrhea after weaning. The average birth weights for piglets born of dams that Suarez-Trujillo, A.; Casey, T.; Aryal, consumed Oat were significantly greater than those that did not. However, piglets born to sows that U.K.; Conklin, D.; Williams, L.L.; consumed yeast in combination with oat weighed less at weaning and gained the least amount of Minor, R.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Camel Milk Publications Draft
    Camel Milk: Potential Health Benefits Mark W. Duncan, Ph.D. INTRODUCTION I continue to review the common claims made relating to the health benefits of camel milk and here I identify the most significant of those claims, critically evaluate them, and provide the solid scientific support for these claims. (If, in fact, it exists.) The references listed in the body of this document – over 400 in total are available – appear in order of year of publication. The bibliography for this document lists all references in alphabetical order. Note: Due to a demanding travel schedule it has been difficult for me to get this completed to my satisfaction. Please consider this a draft, and I will continue to refine, review and complete on my return from Nashville. We can certainly speak about it today (afternoon your time), or face-to-face next week. OVERVIEW OF CURRENT CLAIMS AND BREAKDOWN INTO GROUPS Nomadic cultures have been drinking milk from camels for thousands of years. Camels can survive, travel and thrive with little water, and in areas where horses and cows could not. This has lead some to conclude that camel milk is “special”, offers unique benefits and is a better alternative to cow and other milk options such as cow, goat, sheep, almond, soy and coconut milk. Although camel milk has long been available in North Africa and the Middle East, camel milk is relative recent entry to Western markets. Camel milk has also been touted as a treatment for a very wide range of diseases and conditions. The troubling aspect of most of these claims is that present camel milk as a magical elixir and cure-all drink.
    [Show full text]