30894 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969
EXTENSIO ~NS OF REMARKS THE PROSPECTS FOR WYOMING ••ao to those Wyomingites who read dis event of war, good roads would expedite the "WE SHOULD NOT FEEL LONE aster into last week's article in the Wall movement of troops. The President said he SOME" Street Journal entitled, 'The Lonesome had not thought of that, and asked how Land,' we'd say, 'Cheer up.' You'll soon have much money they wanted. McKellar replied more industrial suitors than a. school ma.rm that they would leave that to his judgment. HON. JOHN WOLD in an oldtime Wyoming cowtown on Satur They were delighted when President Wilson day night. It'll be a. case of pic~ing out the suggested $15 million, and that was the be OF WYOMING good-looking ones.'' ginning of Federal aid to highway con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES struction in the United States. Tuesday. October 21. 1969 After I became a member of the Senate in 1927, I was made chairman of the Committee Mr. WOLD. Mr. Speaker, last week A MEMOIR BY FORMER SENATOR on Roads, and in that way, became ac Senator CLIFFORD HANSEN of Wyoming CARL HAYDEN quainted with officials of the "state highway and I responded to a story in the Wall departments, who appeared each year to ask Street Journal which gave a gloomy for Federal aid for the construction of roacis. forecast for the future of my district, HON. LEE METCALF When Franklin Roosevelt became Presi dent, the nation was in what was called the the great State of Wyoming. We pointed OF MONTANA Great Depression, and he was anxious to .out the article had missed many devel IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES provide work for the unemployed. opments in our State and, more than Tuesday. October 21. 1969 I went to the White House and told him that, had made an erroneous appraisal that there was no better way to accomplish of our State's economic and demo Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, I invite that purpose than by the construction of graphic potential. Indeed, many of what the attention of Senators to an article highways. the author called liabilities seemed to us published in the September 1969 issue He asked me how much it would cost, and of Highway User. It was written by the I said $400 million. The President wanted to to be assets. know how I arrived at that figure. I told him It is heartening to know that there are former sheriff of Maricopa County, our that I had asked each State highway depart observers whose assessments of Wyo beloved Senator Carl Hayden, who re ment how much it could usefully spend and ming's future are optimistic. Therefore, tired last year but who, it is refreshing $400 million was the amount recommended. I would like to insert at this point an edi to note, has maintained his interest in He said to go tell Bob Wagner to put it in torial from the Casper Star-Tribune of the national scene, in the Senate, and the Work Relief Bill, which became a law on October 14, 1969, which incorporates an in Congress and its many problems-in June 14, 1933. editorial from the Denver-Post concern this instance, highways. NATIONAL SYSTEM ing the article on Wyoming: I ask unanimous consent that Senator In 1934, Congressman Cartwright of Okla WE SHOULDN'T FEEL LONESOME Hayden's article be printed in the REc homa sponsored the customary Federal aid The Denver Post had an editorial com ORD. to roads bill. When the State highway officials ment Sunday on the Wyoming population There being no objection, the article appeared before my Senate committee, I told and economic picture. We believe it is a very them to go home and come back within a was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, month with a draft of a bill providing for a fair appraisal of the situation. As an out-of as follows: state newspaper, the Post can look at it with national highway system. They did that, and a somewhat more unbiased view than those IN RETROSPECT: "I FEEL FULLY REPAID" the bill became a law on March 26, 1934. of us who are in the midst of these prob (By former U.S. Senator Carl Hayden) Indian reservations make up so much of the area of Arizona and New Mexico, that I lems. As chairman of the Senate Committee on The Post's editorial is quoted in full: Appropriations, it was my job to see that the inserted a provision in the Federal Highway "Wyoming has lost population since the I11terstate Highway System received a fair Act, which provides that the States do not 1960 census which showed 330,000 residents share of the money collected from the Ameri have to match Federal funds expended on and that's a disgrace in the usual up-and Indian reservations. One year, the Arizona can taxpayers. State Highway Commission was "hard up," at-em frame of mind prevalent since the Since my final return from Washington, pioneers decided the West had to be won. so a highway was constructed within the I have :.1ot failed to observe the thousands San Carlos Indian Reservation which passed "We think differently. of automobiles that move with speed over "Obviously, it is painful to lose popula over the top of the Coolidge Dam. A more di an abundance of paved highways. This re rect and much better highway connecting tion. A town that needs all the taxes it can minds me that when I was the sheriff of poSISibly get to run its school system, or Gila and Graham Counties has since been Maricopa County over a half century ago I constructed. town hall, is hurt every time a house or busi pleaded with the Board of Supervisors to buy ness building turns up vacant. I have been asked a number of times why an automobile for official use by me and my Arizona needed Interstate highways. My an "But thinking of Wyoming as a whole four deputies. The supervisors turned me there's a lot to be said for having a small, swer was that in northern Arizona we have down cold. To serve a warrant or a summons the Petrified Forest and the Grand Canyon, manageable population-at least at this we had to ride horseback and be compensated point in history. whic~ we want the American people to see, at a rate of 30 cents a mile. and in southern Arizona we have one of the "The entire country is just waking up to My recollection is that in 1916 Congress the fact that environment is a lot easier to finest winter climates anywhere in the man Dorsey W. Shackleford, of Missouri, United States, to which we want all of those protect from air and water pollution and sponsored a good roads bill, that passed the urban decay before they start than to try to who ride in automobiles to have access. House of Representatives, which authorized When on a hot summer day I get seated in salvage affairs after the damage has been Congress to appropriate funds to assist in done. an automobile and can be up into a pine the building of State roads. When the bill forest in less than two hours, I feel fully re "In that regard Wyoming haiS a wonderful came over to the Senate, Senator John Bank opportunity to guide its development-to set paid for all the time I devoted to Federal aid head of Alabama took charge of it. It became to the construction of highways. standarcis for industry, to watch where the known as the Bankhead Act of 1916. Atomic Energy Commission buries its bombs and, above all, to be selective in the type · TO THE WHITE HOUSE of industry it seeks out. One day, Senator Bankhead said to Sena "Elsewhere in OO. The morning newspaper of Colum His statement follows: from their people through our military and bia, the State, took time to refiect upon financial assistance. STATEMENT BY CONGRESSMAN JOHN V. For that reason, I propose that we with the message that Dr. Strauss brought to TuNNEY draw all our military and civilian force on a South Carolina and to the United States. I am deeply honored to participate in this systematic calendar basis over the next 18 The State's opinion is particularly timely peaceful assembly of free men. It is eloquent months. in light of yesterday's change in the rebuttal to those who say that the outcry This is more than enough time for a will West German Government in which sweeping our land today is un-American. ing regime to reach accommodations with all Willy Brandt was elected as the new This responsible, nonviolent exercise of political and religious factions necessary to Chancellor. The State says "Americans our basic freedoms will go far in winning its survival. back friends around the world who have been A frightening aspect of the war is the dis should heed the Strauss evaluation." repulsed by our persistent, blind arrogance. unity it has caused among the American Although the new Chancellor has in But we must make clear that today's mora people. dicated that he does not intend any torium on the war is not--as some have sug Mr. Nixon's administration, like that of drastic change in German foreign policy, gested-an attempt to bring down a Presi his predecessor, has tried to make support of it is well known that he is at odds with dent, but rather an attempt to encourage the its war policy synonymous with patriotism. Dr. Strauss on many issues, including adoption of policies that wm end a war. As a result, those who dissent are accused that of NATO defense. Brandt has long President Nixon has written of his "six of giving aid to the enemy. crises." And now, many Americans-includ Americans thought they were expressing emphasized a policy of closer relations ing possibly Mr. Nixon himself-have come dissent one year ago at the ballot box when with the Soviet Union, characterized by to think of the war which he inherited as they voted for Mr. Nixon because he said he a warm feeling of detente. his "seventh crisis." had a plan to end the war. But now, after Dr. Strauss has also favored dealing But this is not his crisis-it is ours. It is being in office 10 months-during which with the Soviets, but on a realistic, eyes shared by all of us who feel its adverse im time, 9,500 American men have been with open policy which would take note of the pact on our society, not just by young men drawn from the war in coffins-Mr. Nixon fact that the Soviets have not given up being sent into South Vietnam or by the should not be surprised by the public's de their desire to dominate the world. families of the men who have died there. sire to be heard once again, to ask where is This crisis manifests itself in a deep di the plan, to demand action-not rhetoric In its editorial, the State says that vision that threatens our national fiber. It to end the biggest mistake this country ever Strauss reads the common interest of has shaken our economic foundation and has made. the United States and West Germany prevented us from attending to serious social In addition to the spectre of a congress clearly. problems at home. unable-perhaps unwilling-to represent He sees the continued threat of Soviet And it poses a significant crisis for our the will of the people, we have a president aggression-by whatever means available representative, congressional form of Gov who says he will not listen to the people. in Western Europe. He appreciates the neces ernment. Those who today support this ex During his campaign, Mr. Nixon stated sity of maintaining NATO as a cohesive and pression of national discontent, must also that the office of the President should be "a powerful force-in-being to counter the So recognize that the war is a symptom of a place of moral leadership." He also said, "a viet threat. And he knows that a firm col serious national illness which must be President cannot stand aside from crisis; he lective will must undergird that force if checked. cannot ignore division; he cannot simply NATO is to be an effective and credible de In this era of push-button undeclared paper over disunity." terrent. warfare, our governing processes have lost Yet, now that an issue has reached the contact with reality and with humanity. point of obvious crisis-now that pubUc dis Americans must keep the Strauss eval To prevent other catastrophic mistakes affection with the endless war builds higher uation in mind as they observe develop be they in Laos, Thailand, or in Latin Amer and higher-his reaction is to do just what ments in Germany. The State has pro ica where we today are bankrolling military he said a president should not do. duced a very fine and thought-provok dictatorships which ignore the will of their He ha.s stood aside; he has ignored divi people-we must reform our Government so sion; he has glossed over disunity. He has re ing editorial on this topic. I ask unani that priorities for national commitments mained passive, plugged his ears and re mous consent that it be printed in the truly reflect the will of our people. treated into himself. He has shrugged off Extensions of Remarks. I recognize that because of the inherent the burden of action. He has given the warn There being no objection, the edi split-second decisions necessary, the power ing that he will under no circumstances be torial was ordered to be printed in the to retaliate must rest in the hands of the affected by today's outcry. RECORD, as follows: President in the event of a nuclear attack He has closed his mind to the rising con [From The State, Oct. 14, 1969] on our country. But in the case of the move cern of millions of Americans who want to ment of troops overseas in advisory or com speed the vietnamization of the war, and AMERICANS SHOULD HEED THE STRAUSS bat roles, Congress must have the power to who want to stop the senseless slaughter of EVALUATION approve or disapprove. There must be our young men. Eight years ago, as West Germany's de thoughtful debate and dialogue, not merely Our soldiers fight today-not to gain a fense minister under the late Konrad Ade a rubber-stamped fiat accompli. military victory-but only to underscore a nauer, Franz Josef Strauss stood before a Congress must regain the constitutional point at the conference table, only to give group of American newsmen visiting Bonn power-and accompanying responsibility bloody substance to the statement that we and warned that the long-range goal of which has slipped by default into the hands are tough, that we mean business. Soviet Russia was to split the unity of West of the President. He has the power to listen The list of the dead and maimed grows ern Europe and thereby split West Europe to the Pentagon or to the people; he must longer as the President asks us to table the away from the United States. listen to the people. whole issue and to avoid public discussion Sunday, speaking here in Columbia as the Americans, through their elected Repre for 60 days. Is this when the next White finance minister of Kurt Kiesinger's out sentatives, should be able to tell the Penta House meeting will take place, when the going government, Strauss brought the sa:o:>.e gon that saving a corrupt foreign regime issue of Vietnam will again be taken up? message in person to the people of America. from its own people is not worth the invest Unfortunately, the war now has become a Now, as then, the burly head of the Chris ment of 39,000 American lives and $30 billion case of old men's pride and young men's tian Social Union sees the North Atlantic a year. lives. Treaty Organization as the prime and ir The tragedy of Mr. Nixon's apparent war replaceable force to thwart the Soviet aim of policy is that the goal he seeks is unattain dominating Europe. But today he feels that able. Western Europe should be playing a larger In September, he said America's principal THE VISIT BY DR. FRANZ JOSEF role within NATO-militarily, politically, goal was to assure "the right of the people STRAUSS TO SOUTH CAROLINA and financially-than it has done in years. of South Vietnam to choose their own lead It is understandable that an individual ers without outside imposition-either by us with strong feelings of German nationalism or by anybody else." HON. STROM THURMOND and Western European regionalism should However, the Thieu-Ky government wants OF SOUTH CAROLINA advance that idea. But Strauss is nrompt to to maintain its own power by means of a IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES spell out his conviction that United States U.S. military victory. So long as we support participation must continue to be a major, if their efforts with American lives and dollars, Tuesday, October 21, 1969 perhaps diminishing, ingredient in Western there is no incentive for them to make the Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, last Europe's defense posture, accommodations necessary to achieve the week Dr. Franz Josef Strauss, who was Strauss plainly recognizes, that the United goal set by the Nixon administration. States, as he nuts it., is not now "inexhausti In short, the goals of the Saigon regime then Finance Minister of West Ger ble paradise"· capable of financing the secu are inconsistent with the avowed policy of many, appeared in the capital of my rity or the development of the rest of the Mr. Nixon. State of South Carolina and delivered Free World. The time has come to call an end to this an extremely interesting address con The United States, he says, can well ask travesty. The Saigon regime must be con- cerning American-European partner- why Europeans do not assume a greater CXV--1946-Part 23 30898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 share of the burden. He goes on to provide his (3) Do you favor President Nixon's Viet and Mr. AGNEW were dedicated, Mr. own answer, attributing Europe's failure to nam policy? Nixon said: its "anachronistic political organization." Not yet, or at least not here, is he specifying Yes ------~3 When we talk about cutting the expense just what sort of a regional reorganization No ------~ ------55 of government-whether Federal, State, or he has in mind, but he does give this much No opinion ------19 local-the one area we can't short-change is of an indication of his thinking: (4) Do you think President Nixon is push education. "Europeans must cooperate more closely ing hard enough for peace in Vietnam? I have not forgotten that, as Vice in the field of defense, and must step up their military effort, gradually integrating Yes ------22 President, Mr. Nixon voted on February their armed forces. On this basis, a new No ------70 3, 1960, to break a tie in the Senate to shape of the Alliance will have to be worked No opinion ------8 block the reconsideration of a proposal out with the United States wit hin the frame (5) Do you feel that matters of war and to authorize increased aid for school work of NATO reform." defense should be h andled solely by the mil construction and teachers' salaries. But I Such talk occasionally has brought charges itary chiefs? had hoped that since casting this vote of his being anti-American , cha,rges which he against a major Federal education bill, labels, with characteristic bluntness, "stu Yes ------28 Mr. Nixon would have learned a little. pid." From what we know of the man, we No ------58 agree with his assessment. Franz Josef No opinion ------14 I am afraid my hope has been dashed. Strauss impresses us as being a friend of the (6) Do you feel that the Paris peace t alks In that October solicitation, Mr. Nixon United States, but not just for the sake of wlll lead to a n egotiated settlement of the said that we cannot talk about cutting friendship. Vietnam War? the expense of government when it "Friendship," he says, "is the superstruc comes to education. Yet that is exactly ture on the infrastructure of common in Yes ------15 what the Nixon administration proposes terests." No ------71 to do. In fiscal year 1969, the Office of St rauss, we are persuaded, reads those com No opinion ------14 Education received $3,669,358,967 in mon interests correctly. He sees the con (7) Do you feel our government should Federal funds. The Nixon budget for tinued threat of Soviet aggression-by what concentrate on domestic rather than foreign fiscal year 1970 proposed that the Office ever means available-in Western Europe. problems? He appreciates the necessity of maintain of Education receive $3,221,745,455 in ing NATO as a cohesive and powerful force Yes ------68 Federal funds. This was a proposed re in-being to counter the Soviet threat. And he No ------15 duction of $448,613,512. knows that a firm collective will must under No opinion ------17 Mr. President, if the area of education gird that force if NATO is to be an effective (8) Do you believe the presence of the U.S. was not being shortchanged by the and credible deterrent. in Vietnam is morally justifiable? Nixon administration, I would like some He is a man of strong will himself, this one from the administration to explain Franz Josef Strauss, and Americans can Yes ------33 how this is so. We can, of course, be sure watch-indeed, they can hope-for his fur No ------49 ther involvement in the affairs of West Ger No opinion ------18 that the administration will forbear to man, Western Europe, and the North At (9) Do you think the national moratorium point with pride to the fact that House lantic Alliance. will: (a) bring about a quicker settlement to liberals, by restoring more than $1.2 bil the war in Vietnam? lion for the Office of Education, have held Mr. Nixon to his campaign promise Yes ------23 in spite of himself. No ------61 Interestingly enough, the headquar RESULTS OF POLL CONDUCTED ON No opinion ------16 ters for Teachers for Nixon-Agnew was VIETNAM WAR POLICY BY CHICO (b) hinder our efforts for a settlement? PEE, MASS., HIGH SCHOOL located in the now defunct Willard Hotel. Yes ------31 Mr. President, I am afraid the Willard No ------50 is not the only thing that is now defunct. No opinion ------19 I ask unanimous consent that the let HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND ( 10) Are you as an individual really ter be printed in the RECORD. OF MASSACHUSETTS concerned with the problems facing the There being no objection, the letter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES world today? was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: Tuesday, October 21,· 1969 Yes ------86 Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, Chicopee No ------7 I ASK YOUR HELP High School in Chicopee, Mass., a com No opinion ------8 (By Richard M. Nixon) munity within my congressional district, WASHINGTON, D.C., October 1, 1968. has conducted a poll among its students PRESIDENT NIXON'S APPROACH TO MY FELLOW AMERICANS: As we wind on this Nation's war policy in Vietnam. TO EDUCATION up the 1968 campaign, I ask your help in The poll-part of Chicopee High School's achieving the goals to which Governor Agnew observance of moratorium day-showed and I are dedicated: most students oppose further military es HON. LEE METCALF American opportunity begins in the class calation in Vietnam and feel the adminis OF MONTANA rooms of this nation for young and old alike; When we talk about cutting the expense tration should strive harder for a negoti IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES of government-either federal, state, or ated settlement to the war. Tuesday, October 21, 1969 local-the one area we can't short-change The results of the poll: is education; Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, not too Education is the area in which we must CHICOPEE HIGH SCHOOL VIETNAM POLL, long ago, Attorney General Mitchell, OCTOBER 16, 1969 keep doing everything that is necessary to speaking on desegregation, said he help achieve the American Dream; We ask you to complete the following poll wished we would pay less attention to We call upon every citizen to join with as part of the schools Peace Day program. what the administration says than to us in an Action Program for Education. The results of the poll will be published in what it does. I believe that perhaps the In the final weeks ahead, the campaign all area newspapers and will be entered in Attorney General should not have con will be an exciting adventure. I ask you to the United States Congressional Record. fined his statement to one issue, for it participate in that adventure by volunteer [All answers in percent] ing to help me and Governor Agnew. People aptly describes President Nixon's ap who are committed to our goals of a better (1) Do you favor an immediate withdrawal proach to education. America can reach out to their friends and of all U.s. troops in Vietnam? Recently brought to my attention was neighbors and enlist them in our campaign. Yes------50.5 an October 1968 solicitation by the Na Only through people-to-people contact can we hope to restore decency and stability No ------43 tional Committee of Teachers for Nixon No opinion------6.5 Agnew, asking for help in the closing to our national life and create a better so ciety for all. Your influence in our behalf is (2) Do you favor an escalation of our war days of the presidential campaign. The our most powerful campaign tool. effort in Vietnam? main body of the solicitation consisted Will you volunteer to help? Write me in of a letter, over Mr. Nixon's signature, Washington. Yes ------25 and addressed: "To My Fellow Ameri Sincerely yours, No ------54 RICHARD M. NIXON. No opinion ------21 cans." Of one of the goals to which he October 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30899 THE MEANING OF MORATORIUM Our view is that Nixon, rightly, will not be influence. But over the first obstacles, in DAY stampeded to risky action merely by the size Washington and Saigon, American opinion or fervor of the Moratorium Day demonstra most certainly does have influence. tions. However we think, having witnessed The message and meaning of Moratorium HON. PETER N. KYROS the unparalleled number and diversity of its Day should not be negatively interpreted by participants, Nixon is likely to hurry faster President Nixon as hostile criticism to be OF MAINE along the course he has already set to end ignored. Rather, he might better harness this IN THE H0USE OF REPRESENTATIVES the war. display as support for him to move more Tuesday, October 21, 1969 Politically, this would be wise. For ending swiftly than he has hitherto moved, toward the war, at best, will be a perilous and hu achieving the goal of peace for which he Mr. KYROS. Mr. Speaker, as the miliating business for the President of the .was elected. events of October 15 pass into memory United States. Any President doing it, espe Here is a tool for him to prod himself, prod and perhaps into a page of our Nation's cially one elected in a hair-breadth victory, his advisors, and above all prod South Viet history, many differing opinions have will surely need the full support and con n am to end the fighting and arrive at the fidence of the nation behind him. Nixon can best settlement feasible. We doubt that a been voiced as to the meaning and effect now gain this support by hurrying his pace settlement everlastingly postponed while of these observances. I was particularly toward the goal of peace, for which he was fighting goes on, will be as good as one that impressed by the views set forth in the elected. might be negotiated before next November October 19 Maine Sunday Telegram, the 3. It is bad enough that the North Viet rolls around. most widely read newspaper in my State. namese so grossly misunderstand the mean The editorials of this newspaper have ing of Moratorium Day, as being support for . their side, as claimed in their gross le'. · -r to achieved a reputation for integrity and TOOTHLESS TIGER OR DEFENDER independent thinking, as well as for their the American public last Tuesday. But it is infinitely worse that our own Vice OF THE WEAK? rich journalistic style. It was especially President Agnew should commit the same encouraging to read that the "message error as the leaders of North Vietnam. and meaning of moratorium day should Agnew unjustly and harshly implied that HON. WENDELL WYATT not be negatively interpreted by Presi those supporting the Moratorium would be dent Nixon as hostile criticism to be aiding the enemy and prolonging the war. OF OREGON ignored," for this is a view fully in ac This mistake in his reading of the motives of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cordance with my own objectives in join millions of Americans harmed the Adminis Tuesday, October 21, 1969 tration, by further alienating much of the ing several moratorium observances. nation which he should be seeking to unite. Mr. WYATT. Mr. Speaker, the Capital This editorial stated further that mora 4. Finally we ask-why the Moratorium, Journal of Salem, Oreg., one of our lead torium day was "a finely motivated dis why the dissent? ing Oregon newspapers published an edi play, for the most part, to urge the Pres One part of the answer is that no Admin torial concerning Vietnam and mora ident to show more convincingly the istration yet has been able to justify the size torium day which I commend to my col overriding priority he is giving to finding of U.S. participation in this war as a neces leagues: a peace." These opinions are also in full sity to U.S. security. agreement with my own, as I stated re This war has never been accepted as an TOOTH LESS TIGER OR DEFENDER OF THE WEAK? cently in my own position paper on Viet "American" war by the American people, It's mighty difficult for a democratic gov though it is labeled as such by friend and ernment to wage any but a self-defense sort nam, in which I pointed out that the foes alike overseas. of war, as Vietnam Moratorium Day illus President has inherited a war not of his Second part of the answer is that this war trates. own making, but that he still has the op has lasted far too long, without achieving The right, even the duty, to debate public portunity to avoid the divisiveness which any worthwhile goal. Whatever the rights and issues is at the heart of democratic govern has surrounded our Vietnam involvement wrongs of the American part in the conflict, ment. in recent years. the root of widespread opposition to the war Yet the sort of debate that has raged over There are of course many other inter today is less a moral one than a pragmatic Vietnam almost assures the failure of our pretations as to the meaning of this day, one. government's objectives there. For, given The war has cost too much in lives, in continuing dissent in this country, the Com but I am very proud to bring this exam money, in lost opportunities to better Amer munists know the Americans won't have the ple of Maine thinking and writing to the ica at home; and, despite all this, America political strength to stick it out. So why attention of my colleagues, as follows: has not come close to winning. The thousand should they negotiate seriously, much less MEANING OF MORATORIUM DAY billion dollars spent on the military estab concede South Vietnam the right to deter Four days after the rallies and the march lishment since World War II has not given mine its fate by free election? ers have dispersed, after the tolling of church us a military machine able to extinguish this We don't suggest our democracy wouldn't bells and the reading of lists of war dead kind of guerrilla conflict. The American peo prove cohesive if the United States itself have ended-what, is the lasting meaning, if ple are growingly opposed to more lives, were under attack. When the Japanese at any, of Moratorium Day? more money, being spent in a war which the tacked Pearl Harbor, for example, few dis We think these points have lasting mean President himself has said we can never win. agreed with our declaration of war. (Would ing. There is no moral fervor in support of this the same have been true if the only aggres 1. Protest about Vietnam is not, as Agnew war among the American people. Indeed, sion involved Hitler's Nazis in Europe? and Reagan, for example, stupidly and scrof there is mounting doubt in America whether Would it be true today if the Soviet Union fulously imply, the work of disloyal, mal American lives and money are being spent moved against West Germany?) But given adjusted, young malcontents. The demand to support a South Vietnamese government significant internal dissent--which seems al for swifter political and military action to which merits neither. most inevitable in a long and costly struggle get America out of the ·war is coming from The people who protested on Moratorium to defend anyone but ourselves--our govern all elements of the nation. The Administra Day are criticized because they do not have ment can hardly fight effectively. tion, elected to achieve peace, should wel a practical new plan for ending the war. It Many Americans will say that's a good come, rather than rebuff, this. is not fair to demand that the man in the thing, that the U.S. has no business fight This fact was clearly, and bitterly, seen by street should develop such a plan. This is in other than self-defense wars. And we President Johnson. Because he realized the the job which he pays the President, and the would agree, if there were somebody else to feeling was strong enough to swamp him at millions of workers under his jurisdiction, protect weak nations from aggressors. the polls, Lyndon Johnson was smart enough to perform. But there isn't. not to run against it. This lesson should be On the other hand, it is not fair for pro If U.S. will to defend South Vietnam con pasted on every White House wall. testers to ask the President to show his ne tinues to wither, American defense commit The victory of Richard Nixon last Novem gotiating cards out for all to see. ments to dozens of foreign nations won't ber, by a nose, was less his personal triumph, Moratorium Day did not demand any have much value. The leaders of these coun but the defeat rather of Johnson's Vietnam "bug-out", as some say, It was, we think, a tries will quit counting upon significant U.S. policy. finely motivated display, for the most part, help. More importantly, potential aggressors 2. The phenomenal number and diversity to urge the President to show more convinc will recognize they have a hunting license to of the participants in last Wednesday's pro ingly the overriding priority he is giving to prey upon weakly defended peoples and ter tests signaled that the policies of Nixon, as finding a peace; to encourage him to demand ritories. They won't continue to be held in seen by the public, do not yet add up to more effort toward peace by the leaders in check by fear of or respect for American the degree of change they wanted when they South Vietnam. might. They will recognize the world as a changed Presidents. We doubt that Nixon Obstacle toward peace may line in some jungle and the U.S. as a toothless tiger. will indeed turn a deaf ear to the Mora areas around the White House and in the The critics will continue to argue that torium, as it was executed, though he im Pentagon. But a bigger obstacle lies in Sai South Vietnam isn't worth all the lives and plied such a course at his news conference gon. Probably the biggest lies in Hanoi. dollars we have invested there. Viewed by before the event. Over this last obstacle, we have no direct itself, few would argue the point. But if 30900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 South Vietnam isn't, then what foreign land women held 45 percent of all profes ana-the area from which New England 1s? India? Israel? West Germany? sional and technical positions. In 1936, i~ also supplied-total stocks are 8.3 mil The United States has been a powerful they held only 36 percent of such jobs. bon barrels, or 20.6 percent below last force for stablllty and order for more than two decades. Those who cry today for a rapid On the other hand, the proportion of year. and irresponsible withdrawal from South women among all service workers has Vietnam are threatening far more than a increased by 14 percent since 1940. few million South Vietnamese. The problem is not a legal one. During RECENT MORATORIUM EDITORIAL this decade much progress has been COMMENTS made in implementing the needs of work ing women. Legislation to assure women FIFTY YEARS OF PROGRESS FOR equality of pay and nondiscrimination HON. RICHARD L. ROUDEBUSH THE AMERICAN WORKING WOMAN in employuent has been passed at the OF INDIANA Federal and State levels. The Federal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Equal Pay Act of 1963 assures women Tuesday, October 21, 1969 HON. JOHN W. WYDLER equal pay for equal work. Title VII of OF NEW YORK the Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 pro Mr. ROUDEBUSH. Mr. Speaker the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hibits discrimination in employment on recent Vietnam moratorium acti~ities Tuesday, October 21, 1969 the basis of sex. resulted in some interesting editorial comment in Indiana. Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, National Yet, all of us are aware that, in reality, women are not afforded the same occu The editorials should provide reassur Business Women's Week is being ob ance that mid-America has not lost its served this year from October 19 to 25 pational opportunities afforded men. The reasons for this cannot be changed by perspective of the principles that made and, as this is the 50th anniversary the United States the hope of the free year of the founding of the National acts of Congress, for they consist of the traditions and folkways of our people. world. Federation of Business and Professional Newspapers in Indiana called the Women's Clubs, it is fitting that we We are used to the idea that woman's place is in the home; that her role is Communist-inspired general strike for should mark the progress of America's what it was, "a toy in the hands of un working women in the past half-century. that of homemaker and mother, and not career woman and breadwinner. But in believably inept, the criminally treason In 1919, there were about 8 million these changing times, a combination of ous, the incredibly naive." women workers over age 14, and women conditions, such as the move from rural I believe a careful reading of these made up 20 percent of the American to urban living for the average American, editorials will provide an insight into work force. Today, 37 percent of our the growth of industry, improved work what Americans really believe in this workers are women age 16 and, as of ing conditions and shorter working critical period of American history. 1967, there were 26.6 million female hours, labor-saving devices in the home, The editorials are from the Kokomo workers in America. and the emphasis on education in our Tribune, Hartford City News-Times, the Women began to gain opportunities in society, are all working to press our Lebanon Reporter, Marion Chronicle the labor market during the First World women toward the working world. They and the Hammond Times as reprinted i~ War, when the Armed Forces claimed have gained, in the past 50 years some the Logansport Pharos-Tribune. The the service of many of our young men, opportunity, the desire to work, and legal editorials follow: and workers were needed to fill vacant equality with men. The obstacle that [From the Kokomo (Ind.} Tribune, Oct. 15, jobs and to contribute to the war effort remains is one of attitude, and it is the 1969] in munitions factories and related most difficult to overcome. BLAMING AMERICA fields. By 1919, 50 years ago, women had I should like to take this opportunity One of the national figures who spoke up proved that they were capable of filling to salute the working women of America in support of the Vietnam day of protest was many positions believed earlier to be and to wish them the best of success in W. Averill Harriman, former chief U.S. nego solely within the male domain. Thus, in the years to follow. We need the talent tiator at the Paris peace talks. He endorsed the 1920's, it was no longer shocking Wednesday's anti-war demonstrations as a and dedication of all our citizens if we "move toward peace." for young girls to finish high school and are to meet and overcome the grave go to the city to become secretaries or This presents an odd spectacle. The pro challenges that face this Nation today. tests against the war were anti-Nixon ex file clerks, as well as staying home to pressions because they represented disagree become teachers, or work in the local ment with the President's policy of trying to factory, on the assembly line or in end the war. So, in effect, Harriman was dressmaking shops. ' FUEL SHORTAGE joining in criticism of Nixon. During the depression, jobs were un What made this such a strange spectacle available to much of our population, but was the fact that Harriman himself wasn't the first to be fired and last to be hired HON. SI~ VIO 0. CONTE able to make any headway toward getting were women, along with other minori OF MASSACHUSETTS the war stopped when he was talking with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Communists at Paris. Here is a man ties. Upon America's entry into World who failed to achieve anything like a "move War II, women were again called upon Tuesday, October 21, 1969 toward peace" now criticizing a President to fill the jobs vacated by our soldiers, who has moved much farther in trying to end and they were also allowed to fill places Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, those of us the war than Harriman did. left in our colleges and universities. By who have warned of a possible fuel short We suspect that Harriman, who has been the end of the Second World War age in New England this winter have re in the national and international limelight ~omen had again broken into profes~ ceived soothing words from the Depart so long, is loath to be out of it. We wouldn't s1ons once barred to them as well as ment of the Interior and the oil industry want to say that he was not motivated gaining education that wouid ordinarily denying there is any real danger. Un by sincerity, but some national figures like have been denied them. While many of fortunately, these words and assurances to get on a bandwagon when they think they are not supported by the most recent see one, and the peace drive could have our veterans returned to school to com looked like a bandwagon to Harriman. plete an interrupted education their figures on distillate-heating oil-stocks. October 10, 1969, compared to October It seems significant to us that the Wednes wives continued to work to supp~rt the day protesters directed their reproaches to family. 11, 1968, according to American Petro their own government and not to the real Thus, women gradually gained access leum Institute: barrier to peace-Hanoi. Most Americans to many fields of employment. However In districts I-IV, the area east of the know that it takes two to make peace, and the expanding participation of wome~ Rockies, total distillate stocks are 14.1 they know that up to now the North Viet iD: the labTOperly took into three or four times, but five times that it will the tenacity with which the Employer per consideration the unfair labor practices that not abide by the demands of the law, to sists in the exercise of deep seated antiunion Stevens I and II disclosed, and we, in turn, limit the Board to these remedies would leave convictions. The second is the succession of cannot ignore this evidence. Maphis Chap both the Board and the Court of Appeals in formal cases culminating in the present one man Corp. v. NLRB, 386 F.2d 298, 303 (4th frustrating helplessness. This would be to bearing five service stripes in which, except Cir. 1966) ". Stevens III and IV at 1019. Nor deny the obvious Congressional purpose be for minor variations, the Board's findings of can we, in our subsequent turn, ignore the hind § 10(c)-to have available remedies spectacular Employer violations of §§ 8(a) unfair labor practices disclosed in Stevens necessary "as will effectuate" the Act. (1), 8(a) (3) and 8(a) (5) of the Act have III and IV. To these we add the incidents The Courts not only may, they must, per been upheld by three Courts of Appeals. The and violations found by the Board to have mit a good deaJ of flexibility and ada.ptation third is the Board's efforts to devise some occurred in the Geor~ia plants. Thus we in the remedies prescribed. The obligation to character of remedy which has at least some assay the order in this atmosphere of per respond to contemporary demands for re prospects of keeping the recalcitrant Employ sistent, long continued, flagrant violations sourceful and imaginative judicial ingenuity, er's intransigence within the bounds of vig occurring after and in spite of repeated dec Bros. Inc. v. W. E. Grace Mfg. Co., 5 Cir., 1965, orous but lawful opposition to Union at larations of illegality by Board and reviewing 351 F.2d 208, 209, n.l, cert. denied, 1966, 383 tempts to organize units in a multistate in Courts. U.S. 936, 86 S.Ct. 1065, 15 L.Ed.2d 852, ought dustrial complex. In determining whether a particular af not to be left to Judges alone. The responsi As Stevens V this case, joining the list of firmative action ordered by the Board pur bility must rest on all adjudicators.1o Cer predecessors/ has a like outcome. We enforce. suant to its powers under § 10(c), 28 U.S.C.A. tainly, as this Court recognizes, meeting this The Board concluded that Stevens had vio 160(c), is appropriate, the reviewing Court obligation involves being hospitable to the lated 2 §§ 8(a) (1) and (3) by discriminatorily must pay an unusually high degree of re distinctions born of differences.11 discharging four employees, engaging in sur spect to the Board's conclusion-these rem In light of these general princip1es, how veillance of Union activity, interrogating em edies are "peculiarly a matter of administra fares the objections urged by a four time ployees about Union activity, and making tive competence." Fibreboard Paper Products loser to the specific elements of the order? threats of discharging employees for Union Corp. v. NLRB, 1964, 379 U.S. 203. 216, 85 First. and easily dealt with, is the require activity and threats of closing plants if the S.Ct. 378, 406, 13 L.Ed.2d 233, ---. In ment that a notice of the Board's order (see Union 3 was recognized. Virginia Electric & Power Co. v. NLRB, 1943, subparagraph (d) and "Notice to employees" To the usual, traditional requirement of re 319, U.S. 533, -- S.Ct. --, 87 L.Ed. note 4 supra) be sent to each employee's instatement and back pay for the § 8(a) (3) 1568, the Supreme Court stated it in strin home.12 This requirement does not place any dischargees and cease and desist order of gent terxns: "[The order) should stand unless real financial strain on Stevens and imposes it can be shown that the order is a patent no serious technical problems. Moreover, it Footnotes at end of article. attempt to achieve ends other than those surely aids in dispelling the chilling effect of October 2·1, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30907
Stevens' practices by giving the employee an More than that, the Employer's opposition prove that the remedy of Stevens II was not opportunity in the privacy of his home to see leading to illegal excesses was not localized stringent enough.2o that someone stronger than J. P. Stevens & to the Georgia plants. Employees,· too, may As the leitmotif in this opus in a major Co. has a voice in protecting those who wish get the word. And that word was the story or minor key is the necessity that, within to support the Union. Stevens I at 305, Stev revealed by Stevens I, II, III and IV. The permissible limits, the remedy be tuned to ens II ret 906, and Stevens Ill and IV at 1022; warning was there for all to heed. And yet the exigencies of the case, we would em Standard Oil Co. v. NLRB, 9 Cir., 1968, 399 communication of a desire to try-if not to phasize as do all the cases approving adapta F.2d 639; NLRB v. H. W. Elson Bottling Co., succeed-in organizing for collective action ability that this opinion does not stand as a 6 Cir., 1967, 379 F.2d 223. in dealing with this huge and powerful busi precedent for the use of any one or more or The second element of the order requir ness, is one of the basic aims of the Act. But all of subparagraphs (d) (e) (f) (g) (see note ing the Company to read the notice to the how to communicate when history proves 4 supra) in any particular case. It all de employees (see subparagraph (g) note 4 that identifiable activity imperils the job pends. supra) would perhaps present a more dif of the actor? In light of the fear and re We deny the petition for review and grant ficult question if, as Stevens urges, we luctance on the part of the employees to the crosspetition to enforce. have to read NLRB v. Laney & Duke Storage engage in lawful solicitation that Stevens' Order enforced. Warehouse Co., Inc., 5 Cir., 1966, 369 F.2d conduct must have engendered-a likelihood FOOTNOTES 859 as the law of the Medes and Persians which §§ 8(a) (1) and (3) show was within 1 congressional contemplation-providing the For ease of reference we continue the which altered not. But we think Judge Fein numerical identification employed by the berg in Stevens I, at 304-5 characterized our Union with access to a bulletin board was clearly not a "patent attempt to achieve ends Fourth Circuit in Stevens III and IV: action correctly as "albeit without much dis Stevens I: J. P. Stevens & Co. v. NLRB, 2 cussion • • • [and] although it had en other than those which can be fairly said to effectuate the policies of the Act." Virginia Cir., 1967, 380 F.2d 292, cert. denied, 389 U.S. forced such a provision in the past. Jackson 1005, -- S.Ct. --, -- L.Ed. (2d) Tile Mfg. Co. v. NLRB, 272 F.2d 181 (5th Oir., Electric, supra. Surely, the Board could con clude that this rather impersonal outlet for 1959) ." While on that record, for the needs Stevens II: Textile Workers Union of of that case, we declined to enforce a Board Union views was necessary to elimlnate the employees' apprehension of incurring the America v. NLRB, 2 Cir. 1967, 388 F.2d 896. order requiring the employer to read a no Stevens lli and IV: J. P. Stevens & Co. v. tice "to each employee, singly or collec risk of discharge or other retaliation if they engaged in personal solicitation either in or NLRB, 4 Cir., 1968, 406 F.2d 1017. tively", because it was unnecessarily em The present case, which reviews the Board's barrassing and humiliating to management, out of the plant.1a See NLRB v. H. w. Elson Bottling Co., 6 Cir., 1967, 379 F.2d 273. June 12, 1968 order, will be referred to as NLRB v. Laney & Duke Storage Co., Inc., Stevens V. supra at 869, embarrassment takes on a minor For like reasons we enforce the portion of 2 the Board's order requiring Stevens to make The violations in this case ocurred in value when outweighed by the necessity of Stevens• Dublin, Georgia plants, which are effectuating the policies of the National La available to the Union a list of the names and addresses of the plants' employees. (See sub two of approximately 70 plants operated by bor Relations Act. The necessities which be the company throughout North and South come exigencies are as variable as industrial paragraph (f) note 4 supra.) Stevens argues that the Board's remedy is not appropriate Carolina and Georgia, in which the company life itself. Thus, in NLRB v. Texas Electric is engaged in the manufacture and sale of Cooperative, Inc., 5 Cir., 1968, 398 F.2d 722, because the "obvious and unabashed objec tive behind this 'remedy' is to aid the Union cloth goods and other products. we enforced a Board order requiring the em 3 ployer to read the notice because it was in organizing Stevens' employees * • * ." The union involved in this case is the shown that a large number of the employees That it may be. But so is a publicized Textile Workers Union of America. were illiterate. Moreover, in NLRB v. Bush cease and desist order or wild-fire awareness ' The order provided: Hog, Inc., 5 Cir., 1968, 405 F.2d 755, against of a reinstatement and backpay order for "(d) Inform the employees of their rights a similar Laney & Duke assault, this Court four employees. See Stevens II at 905-06. On under the Act and assure them that Re also enforced a Board order requiring the the surface, this may appear to be making spondent will not engage in the conduct employer to read the notice. There we said: the lot of the Union easier. But, it is being from which it is ordered herein to cease and "Where ... the Board has found numer made easier solely because the employer desist, and that Respondent will comply with ous infringements of protected rights and has made that lot harder than the law toler the affirmative requirements of this order by a low literacy level among the company em ates. mailing a copy of the attached notice marked ployees, we cannot hold that the Board It bears emphasis that the protected col "Appendix A" to each employee of its Dublin abused its discretion in the notice reading lective activity-and conversely the object of and Nathaniel plants, Dublin, Georgia, and requirement of the present order." formidable employer opposition-was at posting copies thereof at the said plants for 405 F.2d at 759. tempting to organize. A remedy "to effectuate 60 consecutive days thereafter, in conspicu But it misreads the categorical imperative the policies of* * *this [Act]",§ 10(c), must ous places, including all places where notices of § 10(c) and the elasticity woven into it dispel, compensate for, or at least neutralize, to employees are customarily posted. Reason by GisseZ, and others, to think that illiteracy the frustrating effects of persistent illegal able steps shall be taken by the Respondent or low intelligence levels are the only justi activity. One way, of course, is to assure ac to insure that said notices are not altered, fications for this remedy. After all, the tra curate, effective communication by methods defaced, or covered by any other material." ditional posting of the notice has a therapy or means which can be demonstrably free " (e) Upon request of the Union, immedi beyond mere communication. In a world from employer retaliation.u A list of names ately grant the Union and its representatives of widespread publicty, aided by vigilant or and addresses affords two ready ways insu reasonable access at the Dublin and Na militant organizers, it is unlikely that a lated from discriminatory reprisal-(1) per thaniel plants, for a 1-year period, to its Board order or the Court enforcement of it sonal visitation and (2) direct mail. bulletin boards and all places where notices would be unknown to the affected workers. A And, while invoked and enforced here to to employees are customarily posted." part of the medicine is the traditional ac meet the exigencies of unregenerate em "(f) Upon request of the Union, made knowledgement that the employer has, but ployer illegality, this remedy gives a certain within 1 year of the issuance date of this will not again, deny employees' rights. For symmetry in the administration of the Act. Decision, immediately give to the Union a repeated violations persisted in despite in Quite apart from, and even in the absence of, list of the names and addresses of all em tervening declarations of illegality, the employer unfair labor practice opposition, ployees in its Dublin and Nathaniel plants." Board is warranted in impliedly concluding the Board has the power to compel the em "(g) Convene during working time, by de that such conduct has created a chill atmos ployer to furnish the names and addresses of partments and by shifts, all its employes in phere of fear and, further, in recognizing employees prior to, and as a part of, a board the said plants, and a responsible official of that the reading requirement is an effective conducted election. The Board's Excelsior the Respondent, at department supervisor but moderate way to let in a warming wind rule, earlier upheld by this and the Fourth level or above, or a Board agent shall read to of information and, more important, reas Circuit 18 was expressly approved in NLRB ll. department employees the contents of the surance.13 Certainly it is not "a patent at Wyman-Gordon Co., 1969, -- U.S. --, 89 attached Appendix A." tempt to achieve ends other than those which S.Ct. --, 22 L. Ed. 2d 709.111 "(h) Notify the Regional Director for Re can fairly be said to effectuate the policies of This nominally puts us in opposition to the gion 10, in writing, within 10 days from the the Act." Virginia Electric & Power Co. v. Second Circuit's holding in Stevens II, at 905, date of the Order, what steps have been NLRB, 1943, 319 U.S. 533, 540,--· S.Ct. in which that Court relied on NLRB v. Bab taken to comply herewith." ---, --, 87 L.Ed. 1568, 1574. cock & Wilcox Co., 1956, 351 U.S. 105, 76 S.Ct. The notice to be read and mailed to em We likewise enforce that part of the 679, 100 L. Ed. 975, which denied non-em ployees reads: Board's order requiring the company to give ployees access to the company's property for "Notice to all employees pursuant to the the Union reasonable u access for a year to distribution of Union literature. But not recommended order of a trial examiner of the company bulletin boards (see subpara really, for that Court, virtually confessing its the National Labor Relations Board and in graph (e) note 4 supra). We do this even own mistake in, having denied a transfer of order to effectuate the policies of the Na though there was no specific showing that Stevens I, at 306 n. 16, from the Second to tional Labor Relations Act we hereby notify the Union was unable to disseminate its law the Fourth Circuit where geographicaily "the our employees that: ful propaganda.u; action is", would undoubtedly now enforce We will not discharge any employee be Here the employees who were active in the this provision because, first, the Fourth Cir cause of union activities or for antiunion Union effort and who distributed Union cuit has done so in Stevens III and IV at reasons or for filing charges with the Labor literature were dis~riminatorily discharged. 1022-25, and second, Stevens III, IV and V Board. 30908 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 We wm not spy on union meetings or on have the right to refrain from any or all and granted summary reversal in Groen employees attending them or on any union of such activities except to the extent that dyke Transport, Inc. v. Davis, 5 Clr., 1969, activities. such right may be affected by·an agreement 406 F.2d 1158, which was one of the early We will not threaten employees with loss of requiring membership in a labor organiza cases in the Fifth Circuit's precalendaring jobs or the closing or moving of the plant or tion as a condition of employment as au judicial screening procedure. See Murphy with any kind of different treatment because thorized in section 153(a) (3) of this title." v. Houma Well Service, 5 Cir., 1969, 409 they attended union meetings or engaged in 29 U.S.C.A. § 157. F .2d 804. union activities or chose a union to represent o There is a substantial danger that the 20 As do we, the Fourth Circuit in Stevens them. backpay award has degenerated into "a li III and IV, at 1024, found support in the We will give back to Robert Brown, Rollin cense fee for union busting." Staff of Sub Excelsior analogy. See note 18 supra and Dewitt Loyd, Larry Kelley, and Larry Green committee on NLRB, House Committee on related text. way their jobs and seniority, and we wm Education and Labor, 87th Cong., 1st Sess., make up the pay they lost and also pay them Administration of the Labor-Management 6 percent interest. Relations Act by the NLRB 2 (Comm. Print CATTLEMEN, RANCHERS, AND MEAT The National Labor Relations Act gives all 1961) . See also Stevens I, at 303-04. PACKERS MAINTAINED LOW PRICES employees these rights: 1o Resourceful and imaginative NLRB To organize themselves. orders are essential. The labor-management To form, join, or help unions. relations of industry are varied and com HON. JAMES M. COLLINS To bargain as a group through a represen t plex. Courts of Appeals cannot require the OF TEXAS ative they choose. Board to use only round pegs when the holes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To act together for collective bargaining or m ay be square, triangular, rectangular, or other mutual aid or protection. even pentagonal. See Bok, The Regulation of Tuesday, October 21, 1969 To refuse to do any or all of these things Campaign Tactics, in Representation Elec Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, one of the we will not interfere with any of these rights tions under the National Labor Relations greatest achievements in productive ef including your rights to join or assist Tex Act, 78 Harv. L. Rev. 38, 124-41 (1964); Note, tile Workers Union of America, AFL-CIO, or The r.:-eed for Creative Orders under Section ficiency has been accomplished by the any other union of your choice.- J. P. Stev lO(c) of the National Labor Relations Act, cattlemen, ranchers, and the meat pack ens & Co., Inc. (Employer)". 112 U. Pa . L. Rev. 69, 90-94 (1963); Note, A ers. The other day I was discussing in 5 See (surveillance] NLRB v. Southland Survey of Labor Remedies, 54 Va. L. Rev. 38, :fiation with my friend Roscoe Haynie, Paint Co., 5 Cir., 1968, 394 F.2d 717, 719-20; 94.-95 ( 1968) . who has had many years of experience NLRB v. Bouden Co., 5 Cir., 1968 392 F .2d 412, u Thus, this Court has held that when an with Wilson Meat Packers. In discussing 414, n .3; NLRB v. Citizens Hotel Co., 5 Cir., employer has shown a "proclivity" to violate the housewives interest in food prices, 1963, 313 F.2d 708; [interrogation] NLRB v. the Act, the Board can frame its order to Cameo Inc., 5 Cir., 1965 340 F .2d 803, 807 cert. cease and desist in broad terms--cease and we made some comparisons on meat. denied, 382 U.S. 926, --- S.Ct. ---. desist from "in any manner" interfering An interesting base period was Sep --- L. Ed. 2d - --; NLRB v. Griggs with employee rights-while if no "procliv tember 17, 1951, when the Federal Gov Equipment Co., 5 Cir., 1962, 307 F.2d 275, ity" to violate the act is shown, the Board ernment had OPS price regulations. 278; (threats] Textile Workers v. Darlington must limit the scope of the order more near Eighteen years have passed since these Mfg. Co., 1965, 380 U.S. 263 , 274, n .20, -- ly to the conduct of the particular case. ceiling prices were established. Most S.Ct. - - , --, -- L.Ed.2d --, --; Southwire Co. v. NLRB, 5 Cir. 1967, 383 F. every other segment of our economy. NLRB v. Neuhoff Bros. Packers, Inc., 5 Cir., 2d 235; NLRB v. Barna Co., 6 Cir., 1965, 353 1967, 375 F .2d 372, 374. F. 2d 230. such as automobiles, appliances, homes, 6 Stevens was charged with discriminato 12 Although the Board usually requires only real estate, clothing, and plant wages rily discharging six employees. The Trial Ex that the notice be posted on the Company have all had prices go /up tremendously. aminer found that two of the discharges bulletin board, the Board has often used al We realized that the accomplish were for cause. The Board approved this ternative means to insure the notice is com ments of the meat packing industry can finding and it is not challenged here. municated to the employees. See NLRB v. not be maintained indefinitely. But, here 1 The portions of the order to which the Bush Hog, Inc., 5 Cir., 1968, 405 F. 2d 755, is a special salute to America's great company vigorously objects were not part 758 n. 5. of the Trial Examiner's recommended order, 13 ·The Second and Fourth Circuits have ap ranchers, cattlemen, and meat packers but were added by the Board. The Board proved the requirement that the notice be whose efficiency has brought economy stated its reasons as follow: read to the employees in all the previous and savings to the American housewife. "In its exceptions, the Charging Party re Stevens cases. Stevens I, at 304-05; Stevens Below, we have listed the September quested the Board to grant an order similar II, at 904; Stevens III and IV, at 1022. See also 17, 1951, ceiling prices compared to pres to that granted in J.P. Stevens & Co., Inc., Judge Wright's dissent in International 167 NLRB No. 38, with some exten ent prices taken out of the daily news Union of Electrical, R & M Workers v. NLRB, paper: sion of its scope. Upon review of all the rele D.C. Cir., 1967, 383 F. 2d 230, 234. vant factors herein, including the Respond 14 There are ampltl resources to assure that ent's company-wide history of extensive un Sept. 17, the Union will abide by the Board's limita 1951, ceilings Now fair labor practices as refiected by our de tion to "reasonable access." This limitation cisions in J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. (I), 157 should prevent the Union, as Stevens fears, NLRB 869, J.P. Stevens & Co., Inc. (II), 163 from taking over control of the Company's Chicago base, wholesale NLRB No. 24; J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. carcass beef : plant. Choice beet______J. P. & 56.00 45.00 (III), 167 NLRB No. 37, and Stevens 15 Good beet______Co., Inc. (IV), 167 NLRB No. 38, we are per The portion of the order giving the 54.00 43. 00 Union reasonable access to Company was Standard beet______49.00 42.50 suaded that 'the conventional remedies Utility beet______47.00 41.50 would not be adequate to disabuse the em not enforced by the Second Circuit in Stev Cutter and canner ______42. 50 42. 00 ployees of the effects of the Respondent's ens I, at 305, but in Stevens II, at 905, on Chicago base, beef cuts, wholesale: tlagrant conduct.. . .' Accordingly, we shall a record the Company says was identical with Rounds ______that Court enforced the order. 61.00 57.00 conform our order herein to that adopted by Stevens I, Chucks ______55.00 41.50 Of course, by this time the Board and Court Ribs ______the Board in J. P. Stevens (IV). We shall, Loins ______68.00 60.00 however, modify the scope of the J.P. Stevens had seen the ineffectiveness of the order in 82.50 81.00 Live cattle prices: (IV) Order, by requiring Respondent herein Stevens I. Choice ______16 34. 20 31. 50 to mail copies of the notice to employees of When an employer has engaged in mas Good ______31. 50 29.00 the Dublin and Nathaniel plants, to post sive unfair practices, there can be a result Standard ______27.30 27. 00 ing fear of' reprisals that must be dispelled UtilitY------21.80 21.00 copies at the Dublin and Nathani..:l plants, Cutter and canner______and to furnish the Union a list of employees before the situation is restored. See Bok, 19.50 20. 00 at these plants." The Regulation of Campaign Tactics in The Board, however, refused to accede to Representation Election under the National PFC. DOUGLASS. WINN the Union's demand that Stevens also be Labor Relations Act, 78 Harv. L. Rev. 38, ordered to give to the Union access to the 140-41 ( 1964); Note, The Need for Creative company parking lots to distribute litera Orders under Section lO(c) of the National HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN ture and give the Union an opportunity to Labor Relations Act, 112 U. Pa. L. Rev. 69, OF MARYLAND reply to any anti-union speech made by 90-94 (1963) . . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVF.. equal rights amendment to the Constitution and legislation which through advis.ory opinions or consulta its growth is exemplified by its em~ tions or both, to any Member of the blem, the Nike-Winged Victory of would guarantee equal conditions of em ployment to all American citizens, re House of Representatives, upon his re Samothrace, which symbolizes progress. quest in connection with the mailing or And the Federation of Business and Pro gardless of age or sex. This session, I have once again introduced such legis contemplated mailing by the Member of fessional Women can indeed take pride franked mail." in the progress it has made toward at lation, and once again I hope that it will be passed. Such an advisory body could do much taining its objectives, which are four to protect both Members of Congress who fold: This Nation has only gradually awoken had honest doubts on a question of First, to elevate the standards for to the energy, creativity, and potential frankability and the public who has the women in business and in the profes which our womanpower possesses. I think right to make sure that the franking sions; the contributions of women to American privilege is used in an ethical manner. It Second, to promote the interests of life were possibly best summed up by would allow any doubts to be resolved in business and professional women; President Kennedy when he said, in 1961, advance and would assure that the Third, to bring about a spirit of co- that: franking privilege was not abused. Octobm~ 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30911 KOREA TODAY stretches a security system that includes mod WICHITA FALLS PUBLISHER THE ern observation devices and a newly com pleted barrier fence. But the real barrier is FRIEND OF THREE PRESIDENTS HON. RICHARD T. HANNA in the hearts of the South Koreans, backed OF CALIFORNIA by their American and United Nations al lies. Behind that protective line, this rug HON. GRAHAM PURCELL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gedly anti-Communist country has achieved OF TEXAS Tuesday, October 21, 1969 political stability and impressive economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES progress, making it one of the success stories Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, this month's of the United States assistance program. Tuesday, October 21, 1969 Army Digest carried an interesting and STRONG TRADITION Mr. PURCELL. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Rhea informative article on our military pres Korea is a proud nation. Its people have Howard of Wichita Falls, Tex., was re ence in Korea. I include it in the RECORD kept their n-ational and cultural integrity for cently singled out by the Dallas Times at this point: thousands of years, despite invasions by the Herald as a "Friend of Three Presi KOREA TODAY: THE VIGIL CONTINUES Chinese, Mongols and Japanese. dents." Not only has Mr. Howard been a Along 17Y2 miles of tense and troubled Korea's location is of strategic importance. friend of three Presidents, but he has frontier, you hear the accents of Iowa farm Geographically, it occupies a position ath~art also been instrumental in the growth boys, Georgia mill workers, Harvard Law Communist approaches to the North Pacific. and development of his commtmity, his grads. Some are regulars, long-term profes The Korean peninsula lies at the apex of sionals; others are perfoming an obligation three great power triangles-Russia, Red State, and his Nation through his active of citizenship. All have a hard and endless China and Japan. The capital, Seoul, is less work in the newspaper business and the job-watching the line along the American than 500 air miles from Peking, the Chinese Democratic Party. sector of the Demilitarized Zone, which Communist capital, and from Harbin and The Governor of Texas, Gov. Preston straddles Korea's 38th Parallel. Mukden, China's great industrial centers. It Smith, once described Mr. Howard as a An entirely new generation has grown up is even closer to Russia's ice-free port of man who "had the nerve to walk out since a gray Sunday in June 1950 when North Vladivostok. front, with his back to the crowd." This Korea dispatched 117,000 tough, Soviet Red China and the Soviet Union maintain rare quality of leadership, Mr. Speaker, equipped regulars south to strangle the in substantial forces nearby. Just north of the fant Republic of Korea. Demilitarized Zone stands the North Korean has stood for a number of years as an From 16 nations came a swift response. army, third l·argest in the Communist world. inspiring standard of public service to American troops spearheaded an interna But the ROKs remain undaunted. his fellow Texans. His courage and con tional army, the first of its kind and purpose Since the 1953 armistice, the Republic of viction have championed many causes, -the United Nations Command. It met the Korea has built a well-led well-organized and it is with a great deal of pride that crisis to force the North Koreans, and the and thoroughly capable military force, which I would like to share the accomplish Chinese Communists who intervened to res numbers among the largest in the non-Com ments of this Texan with my colleagues, cue them, to the conference table at Pan munist World. Its force of more than 500,000 munjom-where recriminations still fly like is organized into two armies, five corl?s.' 17 to whom I commend Rhea Howard as an shots. divisions. In addition, it has two divisiOns exemplary statesman: Today, actual shots still fly as Communists serving in Vietnam. A newly organized Home [From the Dallas Times Herald, Oct. 8, 1969] continue to break the unquiet peace. Defense militia, composed mainly of ex HELPS BUILD CITY: WICHITA FALLS PUBLISHER Soldiers of the United Nations Command servicemen, but including some 15,000 wom FRIEND OF THREE PRESIDENTS are involved almost daily in some Com en volunteers, numbers about 1.9 million. (By Lois Luecke) munist-initiated act of violence along the For the past three years, ROK soldiers 151-mile DMZ. Their vigilance continues have served with allied units in Vietnam. WICHITA FALLS.-A Texas publisher who earned the friendship of three U.S. presidents against hostile raiders and infiltrators trying Their 48,000-man force there is noted fo~ its to move south. Throughout Korea, UNC toughness in combat and rugged. effective and whose counsel was sought by the White forces react swiftly to eliminate enemy agent ness in civic action and psychological opera House says a newspaperman has to be a teams and infiltrators who strike hard and tions. champion for both the community and the often at their positions. PROGRESS area in which he lives. In January 1968, a 31-man North Korean "I don't see how any man who runs a Behind the protective shield of its de newspaper can dig a hole and crawl in, leav commando team crept into Seoul on a deadly termined soldiers, Korea has achieved an mission-to assassinate ROK President Chung ing the battleground of civic life. He must be economic miracle. New roads, highways, fac a part of his city. He must take sides in is Hee Park. Intercepted a short distance from tories the stepped-up tempo of manufactur the Presidential Mansion, they were hunted sues. He must help solve the problems," he ing a~d construction mark its long strides says. down and killed or captured. toward modern development. Exports, which Since 1967, there have been about 1,600 At 77, Rhea Howard, editor and publisher amounted to only $32 million in 1960, ex of the Wichita Falls Times and Record News, incidents involving Communist violations ceeded $500 million in 1968. The Gross Na , of the Armistice, some 40 percent of which a newspaper veteran of 62 years and a long tional Product has been climbing between time Democratic party leader in Texas, daily were small firefights. More than 550 enemy 8 and 12 percent a year for the past five years. infiltrators and agents have been killed and practices his philosophy of journalism. nearly 50 captured. Not only new industries but cultural and "There is no such thing as a city standing As General C. H. Bonesteel III, command educational institutions as well are springing still," he will tell you. "Wichita Falls has ing general, UNC/USFK/Eighth U.S. Army, up all over the republic. Its literacy rate is gone forward and the newspaper has had observed: "With the exception of the con among the highest in the world. something to do with it. A man who puts out flict in Vietnam, nowhere else in the world Korea's growth as a peaceful, prospering a newspaper has to keep abreast of the today is there so direct and inflammable a nation provides an inspiring example to times-maybe ahead of the times-to provide confrontation between Free World forces and other developing countries. In less than two leadership." vicious, strong and aggressive Communists decades, it has shown the world how a society Howard followed in his illustrious father's as there is along Korea's DMZ." can modernize and prosper under free footsteps when he became head of the Times Despite Communist orations at the Pan institutions. Publishing Co. upon Ed Howard's death in munjom truce table, there is nothing to in To developing nations around the world, 1948. He was 55 when he took the helm of dicate that the situation has changed ap Korea's visible progress toward growth and the newspaper his father founded in 1907. In preciably since the signing of the Armistice, stability presents an attractive alternative his 21 years as publisher, associates have July 27, 1953, when General Maxwell D. Tay to the repressive methods of totalitarian seen not only a continuity in the fulfillment lor, then Eighth Army commanding general, rule. of the Times' founding principles but a new told his troops: "There is no occasion for Amid the heightened tensions brought era of involvement based on personal com celebration or boisterous conduct. We are about by infiltrations and forays from the mitment and leadership. faced with the same enemy, only a short north, Korea, the Land of the Morning Calm, He was tapped, and answered the call, for distance away, and must be ready for any maintains its vigil-and its serenity. Today, help in nearly every civic endeavor; he threw moves he makes." ROK forces make up the bulk of the United himself wholeheartedly into his political Some of the United Nations countries who Nations Command. Shoulder to shoulder with party's campaigns and has been a delegate other members of the United Nations Com to the last five national Democratic conven made Korea a proving ground of Free World tions. resistance to Communist aggression have mand, U.S. Forces Korea and the Eighth U.S. Army, they share a common determination Howard was one of 22 Texas publishers in left token forces. The ROKs themselves man vited by President John F. Kennedy in Octo most of the 151-mile armed frontier. And to stand theij: ground on cold and barren ber 1961 for a briefing and consultation on the presence of the U.S. 2d and 7th Infan ridgelines to show aggressors that freedom national and international affairs-an oc try Divisions, and 314th Air Division tells is not an empty catchphrase-that it will be casion which Howard deems -"the highlight the Reds: "We're still here- and still ready." defended whenever and as often as neces of my newspaper career." Across the American sector of the line sary. This is Korea today. A close friend of former President Lyndon 30912 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 Johnson from the time Johnson was a fresh ness in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Howard returned of Cant, Haverstock, Gray, Plant, and man Texas congressman, Howard frequently home to become an officer in the Times Pub Mooty of Minneapolis. corresponded with the president and talked lishing Co. to him by telephone, or, personally, on his Howard, like his father, had seen slimmer Mr. Forsythe was chief counsel of the numerous trips to the capital. Recently, days. He remembers too well the Depression U.S. Senate Select Committee on Small Johnson made a special trip to Wichita Falls and the soup lines. A member of the school Business from 1953 to 1955, was admin to h ave dinner with the Howard family. board, Howard recalls, "We couldn't pay the istrative assistant to the late Senator Howard worked h ard and successfully for teachers without discount--only script--and Edward J. Thye, has served on the Pres the candidacies of both Kennedy and John we couldn't feed the children. No one was ident's Commission on Voter Registra son. paying taxes except the utility companies:• tion and Participation, was a Republican His newspaper was one of the few which It was perhaps this experience that led candidate for the U.S. Senate in 1966, supported President Harry Truman in 1948. Howard later to say: "My temperament has Associates recall that at the dedication of the always led me to dwell on the virtues of and was the State chairman of the Min Sam Rayburn Library in Bonham, Truman men and institutions rather than upon their nesota Republicaf'. Party from 1961 to singled out the publisher to shake his hand limitations; my disposition has always been 1965. Incidentally, he is an announced and comment, "Here's my good friend, Rhea to build rather than tear down or join the candidate for the U.S. House of Repre Howard of Wichita Falls." wrecking crew." sentatives in 1970. Howard is a member of the President's It perhaps also was this experience that Forsythe has a long career in public Club, a group of professional and business set afire his community spirit. service, and I am happy that he agreed men in the United States. He is committee Throughout the years, Howard has kept man from the 3oth Senatorial District of in effect an early-day policy of the Times to assume the chairmanship of the Na Texas, and a member of the Texas State no liquor advertisement. The abusive use of tional General Services Public Advisory Democratic Executive Committee. alcohol, the Times had concluded, broke up Council. His contribution will be great, His involvement in politics-which he says too many families. This policy cost the news and he is to be commended for giving of is the "lifeblood of the nation"-reflected an paper some lucrative contracts and at one his valuable time, without pay, in the earlier day when his father became one of time the 111 will of a company stockholder. interest of better government. the "Famous 40" of the Texas Democratic "But I think it has paid off," said Howard. delegation who voted for the hard-fought In 1960, the Headliners Club in Texas nomination of Woodrow Wilson in 1912. named him "Publisher of the Year." In May But here at home in the Red River Valley, 1966, he was chosen to represent Texas at THE MORATORIUM Howard is best known as a protagonist for his the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force city, which was built, some say, on faith, oil, Base, Ala., where leading Americans were cattle and agriculture-in that order. briefed by Pentagon officials on the awesome HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH He is given much of the credit for the re military power of the nation. OF NEW JERSEY activation and growth of Sheppard Air Force A member of The Associated Press, his Base, the largest technical training center of father was one of the early-day Associated IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Air Force. Military expenditures in the Press members, and the National Press Club Tuesday, October 14, 1969 area total some $200 million annually, bolst in Washington; he also is active in the Amer ering the area's economic stability. ican Newspaper Publishers Association; the Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, so much Howard served on any number of commit Southern Newspaper Publishers Associa has been said of the moratorium this tees whose efforts culminated in building a tion, the American Society of Newspaper evening, by supporters and detractors $57 million network of highways-the Red Editors and the Texas Daily Newspaper As alike, that I shall endeavor to be brief. River Expressway system. sociation. He is a member of Sigma Delta I believe it is unworthy-and foolhardy He has consistently reserved Page One Chi, honorary journalism fraternity. of a democratic society to try to st1fle newspaper space to promote the city's A 32nd Degree Scottish Rite mason, How foundatton fund to attract industries, and ard was honored as a life member several criticism or dissent in the name of has served as a director of Industrial De years ago upon completion of a 50-year patriotism and so I fully support this velopment, Inc. membership. untrammeled debate in the House. To all The same priority newspaper space is On July 25, 1967, an appreciative home I would commend the admonition of given each year to the United Fund. Popu town observed "Rhea Howard Day,'' by of Benjamin Franklin to the members of lar or not, if the Times believes a bond issue ficial municipal proclamation. At a luncheon the Convention of 1787, another crucial for civic improvements should pass, Howard celebration, the then Lt. Gov. Preston Smith period of our history, "doubt a little of says so, editorially. described Howard as a man who "had the A recent front page Times editorial favor nerve to walk out front, with his back to your own infallibility." ing a tax on alcoholic beverages rather than the crowd,'' adding, "You simply can't lead Vietnam is a tortuous and compli food and drugs was widely published a parade from the rear." cated problem to which there are no throughout the state and a high government Howard and his wife, the former Kathleen quick and painless solutions. We may official said the editorial's influence spelled Benson of Wichita Falls, will celebrate their differ as to the wisest method to pursue, the difference in the new tax bill in the 56th wedding anniversary on Oct. 22, 1969. but on one point all Americans are legislature. They have one daughter, Mrs. (Anna Kath His newspaper was one of the first in Texas united, the attainment of peace is our erine) James B. Barnett of Wichita Falls, most immediate and important national to inaugurate a farm news department. four grandchildren and two great grand Howard himself served some 32 years as a children. goal. The continuing cost of the war in member of the irrigation district board. men, money, and national unity makes The Times has sponsored the luncheon for imperative the liquidation of our com 4-H Club and FFA members at the annual mitment in Vietnam with all possible Junior Beef Show held in Wichita Falls since THE NATIONAL GENERAL SERVICES dispatch. The people are anxious that 1931. PUBLIC ADVISORY COUNCIL our Government proceed to do so with The Times for years campaigned to have Midwestern declared a state-supported col out temporarizing, without attempting lege-a dream realized in 1961. Howard now HON. ANCHER NELSEN to buy still more time in reaching the is a member of the board of directors of the OF MINNESOTA hard decision on withdrawal and setting Midwestern University Foundation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it in motion in a phased, orderly plan. Following the principle that you don't Of course, the military and diplomatic spend what you haven't got, Howard is proud Tuesday, October 21, 1969 affairs of a nation cannot be conducted "that the last brick was laid" on the Times' Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, the newly by a head count or a show of hands, but new $1 million plant, and employes moved in February 1969, "it was all paid for." created National General Services Public the understanding and support of the The new plant is a far cry from the origi Advisory Council has just completed its people are essential in a democracy. To nal. The Times was started, he recalled, first series of meetings. I am happy to those who are fretful about the image in the late 1890s when his father bought the report that much progress was made in presented to other nations by the mora old Weekly Times," "A shirttail full of type General Services Administrator Kunzig's torium, I would say that our concern and a George Washington hand press" for desire to make his giant agency more re must not be with what others say or $100. On May 14, 1907, daily publication was sponsive to the public. think of us but how we judge ourselves. inaugurated. The council is ably chaired by my Too much concentration on the image Rhea Howard, then a "skinny newsboy," sold the first bundle. He later wrote news friend and fellow Minnesotan, Mr. Rob imperils the substance. In my opinion, stories, sold ads, set type, melted lead, fed ert A. Forsythe, a Minneapolis attorney the moratorium reflects the strength and the presses and swept out. and former Assistant Secretary of the vitality of our democratic processes and After attending Trinity University, then Department of Health, Education, and puts to rout those critics, domestic and at Waxahachie, and Eastman School of Busi- Welfare. He is a partner in the law firm foreign, who label us an imperialistic, October 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30913 warmongering nation. The people have they have achieved a beautiful mile of policy-where the racist, outlaw regime the right, indeed the duty, to express in stone in life and perhaps in history. in Rhodesia is concerned. Believing this anniversary to be There has been a not-so-subtle shift of lawful assembly their deeply felt convic attitude in the White House from thre John ttons on the overriding issue of war and unique, I made certain inquiries and son administration to the Nixon administra peace. As I have stated to the colleges found that this is the longest recorded tion, with the latter showing a lot more sym in my area that are observing the mora marriage in the State of Pennsylvania. pathy for the tiny white minority that has torium, let the day be marked as a To add to further attainment this year, seized Rhodesia under conditions where, bar prayerful affirmation of our commitment Mrs. Martz celebrated her 100th birth ring ultimate violent overthrow, that mi to securing an end to bloodshed and a day on June 5 and Mr. Martz celebrated nority will forever rule and suppress the his 98th on June 25. black majority. reordering of our priorities. For two months, the white House has sat I have been heartened that many of Since their marriage, George and Ar on a State Department recommendation that the measures proposed by me to the pre nie Martz have lived and worked on the the United States pull its consulate out of vious and present administrations to de same farm in Mayport-a farm pur Rhodesia, but the White House has declined escalate the violence and hasten a set chased by Mr. Martz from his father in to do so. Thus, the U.S. consul general, Paul tlement have been put into effect, but 1892. Six of the seven children born to O'Neill, recently returned to Salisbury, an clearly the pace of our extrication must the Martz coUPle, and their families, still act that the ruling regime called the best reside close to the family farm. possible boost to the morale of the white be quickened. I again urge that the minority. President propose a standstill cease-fire I know my colleagues join with me in A U.S. that pursues this kind of policy can without further delay. As I wrote the extending hearty congratulations to Mr. not possibly have good relations with black President some time ago, urging new and Mrs. Martz, and in wishing them Africa. So whatever little help the African initiatives for peace, the lives of young many more years of happiness. countries might give in extricating the U.S. men and innocent people cannot be used from a grevious dilemma in Asia is not going as pawns in a chess game played at leis to be forthcoming. urely pace by their elders. A mother of A country that ignores basic principles CHROME-PLATED RACISM of human worth and decency, that over a 24-year-old lieutenant in Vietnam re looks a brazen trampling of the rights of cently wrote me: self-determination in Rhodesia, will never be Can y,ou in some way urge and keep after HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL convincing when it says it is in Vietnam only to guarantee to the South Vietnamese President Nixon to cease the war in Vietnam; OF NEW YORK yes, our 24 year old son is over there and the right to decide their own destiny. as his mother I am beside myself. But as I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES White Rhodesians are in the process of ap said, we don't want riots, burning of draft Tuesday, October 21, 1969 proving a new "constitution that will make cards, college unrest. Just some of the ordi that land an even more pernicious police nary, middle class people that just want this Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, the state than it has been these last several years. war over with and all our boys home. African Affairs Subcommittee, to which That constitution will make it impossible Can I or anyone else say with cer I belong, recently held hearings on for Rhodesia's 4,800,000 Africans ever to wrest American policy in Rhodesia, under the power legally from the 228,000 whites. tainty to this anguished mother that her In theory, Africans might someday achieve suffering and her son's sacrifice for an guidance of its distinguished chairman, "parity"-that is, an equal number of seats indefinite period longer while negotia CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR., of Michigan. in parliament. But there is a neat little stip tions drag on interminably in Paris are These hearings mark the continuation ulation that this can occur only after Afri worth the price? of the subcommittee's important efforts cans pay an equal share of income taxes. It is difficult for elders to grant wisdom to examine our country policies in Afri The hooker here is that Africans now pay to the young, with their confidence and ca's crucial southern tier. only about one percent of the taxes. One Rhodesia has become a touchstone of reason is that while the average wage for a righteousness untempered by the vicissi European is about $4,000, it is only $400 for an tudes of the years, but it may be the American policy in Africa. Under the African. better part of wisdom in this agonizing rule of a renegade white minority, the Not in a millenium will Africans reach the period to heed the voices of the young. Rhodesian Government is looking for economic level where they can meet the tax After all, they have the greatest stake in signs of encouragement from Washing qualification. Nevertheless, the Ian Smith the future; they and their children will ton whether based on arguments of eco regime has raised other qualifications for experience the shape of the world to nomics or politics. The Nixon adminis voters, an act designed to exclude thousands tration has yet to give a clear answer to of blacks from elections. come. For some 3,500 years man has been Finally, the whites have put in another at war 9 hours out of every 10. For more these arguments but the recent decision hooker providing that even after "parity," than a decade out of the last 3 we our to return our consul general to Rhodesia half the black seats in parliament would be selves have been engaged in large-scale is being interpreted as a sign of Ameri named by the chiefs, who are mostly Uncle warfare and for the rest of that period, can acceptance of the Ian Smith regime. Tom servants of the whites, and thus under in the cold war and in evermore costly Whether that interpretation is correct efiective control of the minority regime. will not be known until other, more cru Another outrage is the way the Smith re preparations for war. Let us hope that, gime has divided up the land. It has set out of all these tragedies, culminating cial decisions are made in Washington. aside 45 million acres for 4,800,000 Africans in Vietnam, good ultimately will emerge One of the most critical of these is the and 45 million acres for 228,000 whites. as the generation born in the nuclear administration's attitude on chromium The regime is now in the process of chasing age commits itself unequivocally to imports from Rhodesia which are now Africans out of "islands" within the areas under categorical sanctions imposed reserved for whites. The courts ruled that building a better society at home and an with American suppdrt--by the United the Africans had the right to remain, but international community living in peace Nations Security Council. parliament got around this simply by pass under law. ing a new law. Carl T. Rowan discussed the adminis The new constitution extends to the gov tration's hesitancy on Rhodesia in a re ernment the right to censor the press and cent column which follows. I also in other publications, a right already exercised A BEAUTIFUL MILESTONE: 77TH clude a discussion on the chrome situa on radio and TV. Enshrined in the new con WEDDING ANNIVERSARY tion of Rhodesia prepared by the Amer stitution is the right of "preventive deten ican Committee on Africa: tion," without bail or speedy trial, of any one arrested on charges of trying to over HON. JOHN P. SAYLOR N IXON SILENCE ON RHODESIA COSTLY throw the white dictatorship. (By Carl T. Rowan) This is the kind of regime the White House OF PENNSYLVANIA President Nixon went to the United Na can't make up its mind about--despite the lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions with a forlorn plea to the 126 nations existence of a United Nations resolution call Tuesday, October 21, 1969 represented there to pressure Hanoi into ing upon member states to withdraw their peaceful settlement of the Vietnl'lm war. consulates. Mr. SAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, Mr. and Nixon will get no help, no sympathy, no The rationale coming out of the White Mrs. George C. Martz, of Mayport, Pa., consolation from most of these 126 nations. House is that there are 1,100 Americans in which is part of the area I represent, The reason 1s that, in the eyes of much of Rhodesia, about 850 of whom are mission tho worlu, whatever moral justification we aries, and that we need a consulate to look celebrated their 77th wedding anniver once had in Vietnam is rapidly disappearing. after their interests. sary on October 5. There is no other way If the President wonders why, all he need We didn't even have a consulate in South to describe such an event than to say do is look at White House policy-or lack ern Rhodesia until 1949 and the American CXV--1947-Part 23 30914 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 missionaries there prior to that time man to measure the impact of sanctions on prices, fa.ctors are considered, the supply situation aged to get along fairly well. and it should be noted that there has been is considerably better than would appear The other argument is that we need eyes an increased world demand for chromite and from AISI figures. and ears in Rhodesia to send back reports ferrochrome and a general price rise for It is often alleged that rising chrome ore on what is going on in the southern end many raw materials, especially minerals. This prices plus U.S. adherence to sanctions have of Africa. We could post observers 10,000 is due to industrial growth in many' coun rendered the U.S. production of ferrochrome miles away and the odor wafting out of tries. uncompetitive with foreign imports. In fact, Rhodesia would make it clear what is going There is :'10 evidence to substantiate the American producers of ferrochrome were fac on. allegation that the United. States is purchas ing severe problems even before sanctions Someone in the White House apparently ing Rhodesian chromite from the Soviet were imposed on Rhodesia. Before UDI, scoffs at the notion that morality-racial, Union. Chromite imported from the Soviet American ferrochrome producers were lobby social, or otherwise-ought to be a big in Union, Mozambique, or South Africa is an ing hard for import quotas. gredient in foreign policy. They assume that alysed by U.S. customs officials to prevent you go with power, and obviously the whites the importation of Rhodesian chrome into in Rhodesia. have the power. They say you the United States which may have been go with strength, and obviously the econom falsely documented. These tests have not ic interests who want U.S. relations with uncovered and disguised Rhodesian chromite. CRAMER SUPPORTS AND SPON Rhodesia. to continue have more strength It is recognized that there would be certain SORS LEGISLATION TO FURTHER in Washington than do the weak, divided benefits if the 207,000 tons of chromite cur STRENGTHEN FEDERAL LAWS African countries that look with so much rently stockpiled in Rhodesia and owned by AGAINST NARCOTIC DRUGS anger and disquiet on what is happening American companies were licensed for import TRANSPORTATION AND TRAF in the southern end of their continent. into the U.S. The companies contend that FICKING But it was precisely this disdain for the because this ore has been paid for, no addi moral elements in foreign policy, it was this tional benefits would accrue to Rhodesia. notion that might ultimately makes right, However, the granting of an import license HON. WILLIAM C. CRAMER that got the United States in the Vietnam for this chromite would be a visible viola OF FLORIDA dilemma. that becomes a tighter, stronger tion of United Nations mandatory resolutions web around Nixon every week. with which the U.S. is in agreement. The po IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES litical benefits to the Rhodesian authorities Tuesday, October 21, 1969 A FACT SHEET ON RHODESIA AND THE CHROME of such an open violation of the sanctions SITUATION PREPARED BY THE AMERICAN COM• program by the United States would be con Mr. CRAMER. Mr. Speaker, I am in MITTEE ON AFRICA siderable. It would also have drastic reper troducing today legislation which pro Recent news reports indicate that certain cussions in majority-ruled Africa. poses to increase the penalties for the interest groups are seeking a reversal in U.S. Government agencies have carefully unlawful transportation of narcotic American policy against racism in southern studied the U.S. chromite supply situation. drugs by imposing a maximum sentence Africa. They tend to focus on the fact that These studies, which are under continuing of life imprisonment on the nonaddicted sanctions against Rhodesians have forced us review, indicate that while metallurgical person who transports narcotic drugs to buy chrome from Russia at higher prices. chromite supplies to the U.S. are not abun On the basis of material available from dant, there are adequate supplies available across State lines. This legislation fur the Department of State, the Department to us for several years. It is not possible to ther proposes to make it unlawful to of Commerce and the Department of the In predict beyond that point because of many solicit the assistance of or to use a per terior, let us note several conditions about variables, the chief of which is that con son under the age of 18 in the unlawful chrome imports. tracts for the purchase of foreign chrome trafficking of such drugs. The bill would "Chrome" (chromite or chromium ore, and generally are not made for more than a year make it a Federal offense, punishable by ferrochrome) is one of the 12 Rhodesian in advance. life imprisonment, for any adult person products covered by the United Nations Se The criticism is sometimes made that al to solicit the assistance of, or to actually curity Council's decision of December 16, though the United States cooperates with 1966, to impose selective mandatory economic Britain in applying sanctions against Rhode use a juvenile in an unlawful drug trans sanctions against the British colony of South sian products, Britain does not reciprocate action. ern Rhodesia. U.S. restrictions on the im by applying sanctions _against Cuba and Mr. Speaker, we cannot enact laws portation of Rhodesian chromite, promul North Viet-Nam. It must be remembered that are too stringent when dealing with gated by a Presidential Executive Order on that sanctions against Rhodesia are not the hideously unscrupulous dope peddler. January 5, 1967, are but one important aspect unilaterally imposed by Britain, but are the There are not words derogatory enough of our compliance with the Security Council's result of actions taken by the Security Coun decision. As the world's leading importer of cil. The trade embargo against Cuba was to adequately picture this subhuman chromite, the U.S. could not violate the sanc imposed by the Organization of American creature who coldly and calculatingly tions on that material without damaging States. As a member of that organization, . corrupt and exploits his victims, the the Security Council's program. Such actions the United States complies with its embargo majority of whom are caught in his life would be inconsistent with American obliga against all Cuban goods, including those robbing web of destruction when they tions under the UN charter. manufactured or reprocessed elsewhere, such are still in their youth. Assistance for the The major world suppliers of metallurgi as in Britain. The British have an embargo victim who becomes the helpless captive cal grade chromlte are the Soviet Union, on the export of strategic materials to both of the na:cotics junkie, while humane Southern Rhodesia, Turkey, South Africa, North Viet-Nam and Communist China. the Philippines, Iran and Pakistan. The Traditionally we have bought . consider and necessary, can only go as far as United States in recent years obtained the able quantities of chromite from Turkey helping that one individual. Of even bulk of its supplies from Rhodesia, the Soviet and we are buying over half of their current greater need is a direct offense against Union, Turkey and South Africa. Although production. If U.S. firms were w1lling to make the root of the narcotic world-the Rhodesia traditionally has been a major long-term purchase contracts with the Tur pusher-for as long as he is permitted to source of chromite, so has the Soviet Union, kish producers, it might be possible to obtain flourish and to continue to peddle his because of the high quality of its ore. During more chromite from that country. We un the last four years immediately prior to the deadly wares among the unwary, and in derstand, however, that at the present time most instances, the young, drug addic UN sanctions against Rhodesia, we imported there is insufficient incentive for Turkish approximately 30% of our chromite from the producers to risk their limited capital in tion will remain unchecked. Soviet Union. Our consumption of this ore expanding their mining facilities. Neverthe For this reason, the toughest offense is increasing and for the last two years we less, Turkey provides a strategic resource for proposed in this legislation is aimed at have been importing somewhat more than the future. the nonaddicted junkie-the mercenary 50% from the Soviet Union. Officials of the American Iron and Steel leech who preys upon the innocent for Concerning the relative prices of Soviet Institute (AISI) published a paper predict and Rhodesian ore, price quotations on chro his personal monetary gain, willfully cor ing a shortage in U.S. supplies of chromite. rupting and exploiting the victimized mite vary according to quality. Soviet ore Their prediction did not take account of the has traditionally brought premium prices General Services Administration sales of sur addict. The bill would prescribe a mini because it is superior to ores from other plus stocks of chromite (925,000 tons since mum of 10 years-at hard labor-and a sources. It has an average cromic oxide con 1965) and 525,000 tons of additional imports maximum of life imprisonment in a Fed tent of 54-56% and a 4-1 chrome/iron ratio, scheduled for delivery in 1969. AISI con eral penitentiary for the nonaddicted whereas Rhodesian chromite averages 48- sumption figures were also understated be 50 % chromitoxide and has only a 3-1 chrome junkie who transports hard narcotic iron ratio. Furthermore, current prices for cause they did not reflect the U.S. metal drugs across State lines. Soviet ore-about $48 a ton- should not lurgical industry's use of South African and The bill provides that the addicted be compared with those prevailing for Rho chemical grade chromite. Because data on narcotics transporter be committed to a desian ore several years ago--about $31.35 a the movements of chromite stocks are not ton. Prices for both metallurgical chromite complete, it is difficult to obtain a precise Federal hospital for therapy and cure. and ferrochrome have increased since the picture of the supply-demand situation at Such commitment would be a mandatory UN sanctions were imposed. It is impossible any given time. Nonetheless, when the above sentence for the addict who is convicted October 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30915 under this section of the bill. A distinc 2. Do you think we should withdraw from Question. What would happen if import tion is made between the two types of Vietnam all at once or on a gradual basis? 33 restrictions were removed? pushers, the addicted and the nonad said "gradual basis"; 7 said "all at once"; 5 Answer. Imports would grow rapidly in said "not sure." volume, because overseas oil costs at least dicted, in an effort to deal most harshly 3. Do you think President Nixon is han $1.25 a barrel less than domestic crude, de with the professional suppliers who, dling the war very well? 25 said "yes"; 15 said livered on the U.S. East Coast. Domestic while not hooked themselves, willfully "no"; 5 said "not sure." production tnerefore would decline, and do initiate and perpetuate the addiction o·f 4. Do you think we should try continuous mestic exploration would eventually cease. others. bombing to bring a speedy end to the war? It is very doubtful that exploratory programs The provision to make it a Federal 18 said "yes"; 25 said "no"; 2 said "not sure." in remote areas such as the North Slope of offense, punishable by life imprisonment, 5. Are you in favor of today's Moratorium? Alaska would be undertaken without import for any adult person to solicit the as 30 said "yes"; 15 said "no"; 0 said "not sure." controls. An accelerated reduction in the sistance of, or to actually use a juvenile 6. Are you in favor of further Moratoriums? nation's reserves would follow. 20 said "yes;" 19 said "no"; 6 said "not sure." Question. How would increasing imports in an unlawful drug transaction, is most affect domestic natural gas supplies? desperately needed to help protect our Answer. Natural gas associated With oil young people against the venemous at production accounts for about 25 per cent tack of the dope peddlers. Our youth of OIL IMPORT CONTROLS of the total in this country. Increases in today are being constantly exposed to natural gas reserves and natural gas deliver drugs through channels promoted and ability are not now keeping up with in controlled by the adult pusher, and the HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE creases in demand. Increasing imports would result in cuts in exploratory efforts and most effective means of removing this TEXAS OF would make this bad situation worse. threat would be to remove the adult IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES found guilty of using or attempting to Question. Why can't we shut in much of Tuesday, October 21, 1969 our U.S. production, import cheap foreign use juveniles in his narcotics trade. oil, and then produce the domestic shut-in There is no way to speculate the exact Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, production in times of emergency? number of drug addicts, nor is there any under leave to extend my remarks in Answer. You can't shut off oil production way to estimate the number of crimes the RECORD, I wish to include an article and then suddenly turn it on to meet emer committed by these people. But we know which appeared on the subject of oil im gencies. Wells, pumps, treating and measur for certain the rate is extremely high, port controls: ing facilities, pipelines, and a host of other and it is obvious that our present laws supporting activities must continue full OIL IMPORT CONTROLS: WHO NEEDS THEM?~ time to keep oil production going·. Shutting are inadequate in meeting or conquering FRANK DISCUSSION A in these facilities for any prolonged period the problem. Our President has recom (NoTE.-In the past decade, federal gov would mean permanent loss of many of mended a broad program to effectively ernment studies made under three Presi them. Others would require months of time deal with the narcotic drugs situation dential administrations have stated that and very substantial expense to start up with cooperation between the several limiting the import into the U.S. of foreign after prolonged shutdown. There is also the levels o:f community, State, and Federal oil is essential to national security. A re obvious problem of widespread loss of em Governments. It is my hope that the cent study by the Interior Department ployment for thousands of highly-skilled again confirms the national .security need personnel in any prolonged shut-down of legislation I join in sponsoring today will for controls. Nevertheless, the mandatory lend assistance to the enactment of laws production, and the nearly impossible task oil import control program, established in of recalling such men and women if an to further strengthen our efforts to com i959, is once again under study ... and un emergency required it. In short, a dynamic bat the transportation and trafficking of der attack. oil industry is essential to national security, narcotic drugs, and to protect all our (The following interview with George V. and such an industry needs continuing ade decent citizens against this evil. Myers, executive vice president, presents our quate economic· incentives. views on oil imports and the control pro Question. What general philosophy does gram as applied to the Eastern two-thirds Standard favor for alloWing foreign oil to of the United States, which comprises Dis come into the United States? MORATORIUM DAY AND A YOUNG tricts I-IV. Oil import controls for District Answer. We should accept limited overseas AMERICAN V-the West Coast, Alaska, and Hawaii-are oil imports because dispersal of petroleum applied on a somewhat different basis.) reserves is worldwide, with strategic value Question. Why is an oil import control for us and friendly nations. However, over HON. WILLIAM B. WIDNALL program necessary? seas oil should only supplement, and should Answer. For national security, both eco OF NEW JERSEY not supplant domestic production. Canadian nomic and military. An assured supply of oil offers a high degree of security, and must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES domestic petroleum energy in times of emer be given priority. Tuesday, October 21, 1969 gency is essential. This has been proven Question. Import controls have been at dramatically by two Middle East conflicts in tacked because the program forces American Mr. WIDNALL. Mr. Speaker, people the last 12 years. The need is fully sup consumers to pay more for their oil. Can you throughout the Nation spent October 15, ported also by federal government studies. comment on this? moratorium day, in many different ways: As to the broader economic aspects of na Answer. The assumed cost savings from by writing letters to public officials, by tional security, oil and natural gas supply heavy foreign imports would be more than taking part in demonstrations, by mak 75 per cent of our nation's energy needs. offset by the losses. Unrestricted imports ing speeches, by taking part in marches, Oil alone provides 44 per cent. Petroleum would cause a cut of U.S. oil prices, result Will be the major energy source for years ing in an estimated overall gross reduction and by participating in many other man to come. ifestations of concern over the war in in cost to consumers of about $3 billion a There is no ready substitute for petroleum. year. But offsetting this would be a loss of Vietnam. I thought my colleagues in the Synthetic liquid fuels from coal or oil shale federal, state, and local tax and other reve Congress would be interested in learn do not exist in commercial quantities, and nues from the domestic industry of about ing how an 11-year-old boy from New will not for years. $2.3 billion a year. It is quite probable that Jersey spent that day. The only way to assure firm supplies of this government revenue loss would be made Paul Kiernan, of 62 Spring Street, Har vitally needed oil is to provide adequate in up through substantial increases in federal, rington Park, N.J., conducted his own centives to producers to find and develop state, and local excise taxes on products new U.S. reserves continuously. Import con such as gasoline. private poll on Vietnam. He asked 45 trols help achieve this, by insuring a mar people, six questions, recorded their re Furthermore, if domestic production were ket for U.S. production at reasonable prices. substantially displaced by overseas produc plies and sent them to me in an effort Question. What proo,f is there that a tion, a severe economic setback could be to keep me informed of my constituents strong domestic producing industry is es predicted for U.S. oil-producing regions, be view on this vital subject. sential to national security? cause U.S. exploration and production ac For the benefit and information of my Answer. Following the 1967 Arab-Israeli tivity would ultimately virtually stop. Fur colleagues, I am pleased to include the war, oil shipments from parts of the Middle ther, refining and chemical operations would questions Paul asked, and the replies he East to certain countries of Western Europe shift out of the U.S., at the insistence of received at this point in the RECORD: and to the U.S. were suspended. Domestic foreign producing nations. Overall the loss reserve producing capacity was available due of at least 100,000 jobs could be expected. OPINION POLL CONDUCTED BY PAUL KIERNAN in large part to the import control program. Heavy dependence on foreign oil would 1. Do you think Ho Chi Minh's death will Domestic producers were able to meet result eventually lead foreign producing nations to have a substantial outcome on the war? 11 ing needs of the U.S. and much of Western raise their prices, a move our country would people said "yes"; 32 people said "no"; 2 Europe. Without a strong U.S. oil industry, be relatively helpless to resist. people said not sure." we would have faced much graver problems. Overall, it is. quite probable that in the 30916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 long run the removal of crude oil import re was the avowed purpose of granting them in place the benefits of low-cost foreign crude strictions would result in a net increase in the first place. Instead, they are traded for in the hands of those organizations which cost of petroleum products to consumers. domestic raw materials such as refinery and are the customers and supporters of the There would also be a substantial flow of natural gas liquids. The chemJ.cal compa domestic producing industry. money out of the U.S. to foreign oil-produc nies realize a substantial and unwarranted Specifically, we urge elimination of the his ing nations, resulting in damage to the U.S. monetary gain as a result of their exchanges. torical allocation, the sliding-scale formula, balance of payments. Chemical companies now receive almost and special allocations for chemical com The most important loss would be na 90,000 barrels a day of quota, or more than panies and island refiners. Trade-zone tional military and economic security. It is 11 per cent of their input, compared with an refineries should not be used to circumvent impossible to put a price tag on that. average of about 5 per cent for all refiners the program. Question. Do you think the present im under the sliding-scale formula, and only An equitable program will insure our na port control program should be changed? 3.8 per cent for our company. Chemical com tional security and be fair to all concerned, Answer. Yes. The original Presidential panies continue to press for a 100 per cent whether producers, refiners, marketers, or proclamation called for a "fair and equi port quota. This would mean that their consumers. table" distribution of the low-cost imported imports would be 770,000 barrels a day-or oil among domestic refiners. However, this about 67 per cent of total controlled imports requirement has been ignored since the very into the Eastern U.S. This would destroy the NATIONAL BUSINESS WOMEN'S outset of the program, in several ways. program. One is the historical guarantee. It gives Question. The Machiasport, Me., foreign WEEK unfairly large import quotas to a select few trade zone proposal has received much· de refiners. These special quotas were based on bate. Could you explain it? imports by these refiners prior to the estab Answer. Foreign trade zones were designed HON. MARTHA W. GRIFFITHS lishment of the import control program and to stimulate foreign trade by setting aside OF MICHIGAN presumably were in recognition of early in certain U.S. locations where foreign ma IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vestments in overseas producing properties. terials could be processed in U.S. plants and It is most doubtful that this special treat the resulting products exported from the U.S. Tuesday, October 21, 1969 ment was ever warranted; assuming that it They were not meant to be the means of Mrs. GRIFFITHS. Mr. Speaker, during was, the refiners in the historical group avoiding oil import control. So long as petro this week of October 19 to 25, it gives me have been more than adequately compen leum products from a foreign trade zone great pleasure to salute the achievements sated for their early investments by having are used in the foreign export market, the received special benefits for over ten years. trade zone concept is acceptable to Standard of all business ~nd professional women, This feature should be abolished. Oil. We are only opposed to its misuse. during this the observance of National Question. What other changes do you In the Machiasport scheme, a proposed Business Women's Week. recommend? foreign trade zone refinery would be allowed This annual observance sponsored by Answer. The sliding-soale formula should to ship products into the U.S customs terri the members of the National Federation be eliminated. This formula is used to divide tory in volumes far in excess of permissible of Business and Professional Women's imported oil, remaining after the historical imports for other refiners. Apart from the Clubs, Inc., affords us opportunity to take and other special allocations have been de inequity of special treatment . for one re ducted, among refiners. The sliding-scale finer, the greatest , danger is that this is special notice of the tremendous ad fe111ture was designed as government aid bringing a proliferation of similar proposals. vances of American working women over to small refining cqmpanies, but it creates This scheme typifies the continual pressure the last 50 years. During these years, the inequities by penalizing refiners as they in of preferred treatment under the import working women of America have made crease in size. During the current period, in program. tremendous strides in almost every field the part of the country east of the Rocky Question. Are there inequities associated of human endeavor, education, science, Mountains, the smallest refiners receive for with Canadian crude-oil imports? communications, human relations, and eign crude allocations equal to 19.5 per cent Answer. Imports of Canadian oil are being government. In their effort, they have of their refinery throughput while the larg managed today in a most irregular manner. est refiners are limited to allocations of less According to the 1967 control arrangement helped by their example to cast aside than 4 per cent. of the Canadian and U.S. governments, only ancient prejudices while endeavoring to Also, the sliding scale gives unfair compe recently made public, refiners in Chicago are lay a foundatior: for even greater titive advantages not only to small, inde not allowed to import any Canadian crude achievements in the years ahead. The pendent oil refiners, but to refineries owned oil this year, even though Chicago and the challenges met and the changes made by by the largest chemical companies. If eco upper Midwest are ideally located and have working women in the past several dec nomic aid to "small" refiners is required, it demand for Canadian crude oil. ades are just a beginning to the advances should be accomplished by some means other A North American energy policy, for the that must be made. Certainly, the women than the oil import program. benefit of both Canada and the U.S., should of America have a unique responsibility Question. What about special allocations be developed under such a policy until the to certain companies to import products time that U.S. demand exceeds domestic pro to guide our country through these from their refineries in Puerto Rico and the ducing capacity, allowing for appropriate re perilous times. We must direct new found Virgin Islands into the U.S.? serve producing capacity, imports of Cana horizons and advances to the cause of Answer. These are unfair exceptions grant dian .and overseas oil should grow at rates peace, justice, and equality in our world. equal to U.S. demand growth. After U.S. de ed to a few companies. There are four grants mand exceeds producing capacity, less the The individual talents of the many of at least 10 years duration that total 80,000 reserve capacity, overseas oil imports should women of the National Federation of barrels a day. An additional 38,000 barrels a continue to grow at the demand rate. Business and Professional Women's day is provided as a special historical grant Canadian oil will supply the difference be Clubs can be used most effectively in that comes in completely free of allocation tween U.S. demand, and supply to the U.S. their communities to make a better control. No other refiners receive such spe from domestic and overseas production. America and a better world. Never before cial guarantees, and low-cost oil that other Question. How should this rising volume of wise would be shared by all is unfairly di have women been confronted with so Canadian oil be allocated? great a challenge to which they must re verted to these few. Answer. We believe Canadian oil should be Question. Chemical companies have spe allocated to refiners who wish to process this spond. Certainly, if we are to fill the cial privileges, too, don't they? oil in direct proportion to their refining needs of a nation dedicated to individual Answer. Yes. Chemical compa.nies com input. freedom and fulfillment of its people, we plained that they faced a shortage of low Question. What solutions does Standard must be leaders in our own business and cost domestic feedstocks for their plants. Oil propose, to make the import control pro professions as we pursue the causes of They claimed this would impair their ability gram effective and fair? peace and justice. to compete for both foreign and domestic Answer. The following points should be As a Member of Congress, a lawyer, markets, thus reducing their favorable con the criteria of any revised plan: tribution to the nation's balance of trade. 1. It must enhance national security. and a member of the Business and Pro But the facts are that chemical compa 2. It must be equitable for all. fessional Women's Clubs, I have for many nies already receive the benefit of lower-cost 3. It must be simple to administer. years attempted to further the rights of feedstocks, since a portion of their raw ma The current over-all volume of controlled all women. In particular, I have tried to terials is made with foreign oil. Further, imports into the Eastern two-thirds of the correct some of the inequities now exist they already have access to a wide range of U.S. seems about right-namely, 12.2 per ent in law which discriminate against domestic feedstocks at prices competitive cent of domestic pr-oduction. the working woman and it is my hope with, or lower than, foreign l"aw materials. Inequities in the present program should Import licenses awarded to chemical com be corrected. Allowable imports should be that this legislation will obtain neces panies since 1966 have rarely been used by allocated to refiners of crude oil in direct sary support for early passage and a them to import foreign feedstocks, which proportion to refinery- input. This would better place in our society for all women. October 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30917 CAN SST'S COOK THE EARTH? going ahead, assuming nothing will happen. store at Kennard, Neb., where young Herman But we really can't afford a. wait-and-see Wulff was working. attitude on this kind of a. problem." He's been in the grocery business ever HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI We certainly can't. This subject should be since, owning a store for many years at Sixty OF n.LINOIS · explored thoroughly before another move is first Street and Military Avenue and later made in the SST development. The public working as grocery manager for the Farmers' IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should set up a. loud and insistent clamor Union. Tuesday, October 21, 1969 on the subject, and should do it soon-be• When the Wulffs moved to Benson, the fore the sonic boom drowns out any sound village consisted of a post office, a. barber Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Chicago of sanity. shop and a hotel where they lived until they Today recently carried an editorial could build their own home--the first of four which deserves the highest consideration they eventually owned on Linn Avenue (now and widest dissemination possible. OMAHA COUPLE CELEBRATES 70TH Sixtieth A venue) . For many years I have stated that we WEDDING /lNNIVERSARY "There weren't any electric lights or any should not proceed with the development telephones," Mrs. Wulff reminisces ruefully. of a supersonic transport system until "In our store, we sold everything from it could be determined what the effects HON. GLENN CUNNINGHAM kegs of nails to toothpicks. I kept the books. would be on our citizens and the flora OF NEBRASKA Mornings, we'd go around to pick up grocery IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orders; in the afternoons we'd deliver 'em. and fauna of the United States. Now the "J i.y, was I glad when we finally got a. phone! prestigious National Academy of Sci Tuesday, October 21, 1969 "For the farmers, we'd stay open Saturdays ences has estimated that a fleet of 400 till midnight. Sundays we were open till SST's flying an average of four flights Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, in afternoon, when we went to the baseball a day would inundate the stratosphere these days of moratoriums and the like, game." with 150,000 tons of water vapor daily, it is certainly refreshing to read of a , Both Wulffs are ardent baseball fans. Mr. which would be trapped and remain for couple like Herman and Myrtle Wulff of Wulff never enjoyed dancing; his wife did years. Atmospheric scientists say this Omaha. and still does. would wrap the earth in a "semiperma The Wulffs last week celebrated their Mr. Wulff is a Mason and Shriner and be nent" cloud cover that would turn it into 70th wedding anniversary. She is 94 and longs to the Scottish Rite and Knights Tem her husband 95. They have had a won plar. one big, hot greenhouse. Mrs. Wulff proudly wears a. 50-year pin We will not only have to contend with derful life together. Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with from Narcissus Chapter, Order of the Eastern deafening noise, but also the possibility Star. of being slowly cooked by ultraviolet rays. my colleagues the following story on this couple which appeared in the Omaha "YOU JUST DID" At a time when we are stagnating in Inevitably, the couple was questioned: our own pollution from many sources, World-Herald: "How have you managed to keep your mar it is my hope that this Government will THEY SAID "I Do" AND THEY HAVE riage going for 70 years-nearly three-quar thoroughly investigate the effects of the FOR 70 YEARS ters of a century?" SST before engaging on a costly program (By Elizabeth Flynn) Mrs. Wulff's warm, gentle voice became that could produce inestimable damage On Oct. 18, 1899, Herman Wulff and Myrtle firm. throughout this country and the world. Blaco were married in the house in Blair, "In those days, when you said 'I do,' you I strongly commend the Chicago Today Neb., where they were to live as newlyweds just did!" for two years before moving to Omaha in Mr. Wulff's reply was enigmatic when the editorial to my colleagues: 1901. question was put to him in a note written [From Chicago Today, Oct. 3, 1969] On Friday, a day ahead of their 70th anni by his son-in-law. He read it, leaned back CAN SST's CooK THE EARTH? versary, Mr. and Mrs. Wulff will be feted at and laughed loudly. In addition to its more obvious dangers a reception from 1:30 p.m. to 3:30p.m. for "Seventy years!" he chortled. "That's a long such as the capacity to deafen people be family, friends and fellow residents of the time!" low-the supersonic jet air liner may work Eppley Care Complex, the couple's home destruction on nature itself. This grim possi since last July. bility has been raised by scientists who There'll be a three-tiered cake and coffee THE HONORABLE AND RESPECTED believe the SST's vapor trails could wrap the and entertainer Jack Evans will be on hand to sing at the party. JOHN W. McCORMACK, SPEAKER earth in a. "semi-permanent" cloud cover that OF THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRE would turn it into one big, hot greenhouse. Earlier in the week, ~resents already were The scientists, working in atmospheric re arriving, including a package from Mrs. SENTATIVES search centers at Albany, N.Y., and Boulder, Wulff's circle at Benson Presbyterian Church Colo., say it could happen the same way a. and two perfect roses from a friend's garden. HON. JOHN J. ROONEY car's interior heats up in the sun with the Looking almost as fresh and certainly as windows rolled up. Ultra-violet rays from pretty as the posies was their recipient. OF NEW YORK the sun penetrate the roof and are absorbed Mrs. Wulff, who'll be 94 in November, was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wearing a red wool suit with blush-pink by the seats, which bounce back the heat Monday, October 20, 1969 as infra-red rays which cannot penetrate blouse, pearl necklace and earrings-and a the roof to get back out. The same goes for bright gleam in her eyes. Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. a. cloud-shrouded earth-ultra-violet rays She talked with animation of her seven decades of married life. Speal{er, I would not have the temerity would be admitted and heat would bounce to stand here to defend the honor of our off earth as infra-red rays that can't get Mr. Wulff, 95, who is hard of hearing, back out. interjected a comment from time to time beloved Speaker, the Honorable JoHN W. The National Academy of SCiences has esti prompted by Kenneth Chapman, the couple's McCORMACK, for it unquestionably needs mated that 400 SSTs making an average of son-in-law and devoted admirer. no defending nor can it ever be chal 4 fiights a day would load up the strato The late Mrs. Chapman was the Wulffs' lenged-even by the artists of insinua sphere with 150,000 tons of water vapor daughter, Dorothy. tion. But I can, indeed must, join with daily. Once trapped where there are no verti After her death in 1949, the Wulffs com my distinguished colleagues in saluting cal drafts to move it, the vapor will remain bined households with Mr. Chapman and the little granddaughters and sent them through the distinguished gentleman from for years, just as the volcanic dust from Massachusetts. I can honestly say that Krakatoa. stayed around and colored sun Benson High School and the University of sets for 25 years. Omaha. I have never met a finer man. Integrity, So it's conceivable that the SST could not One is now Mrs. Thomas Morrow of Kala loyalty, devotion to God, family, and only make us deaf but medium rare as well. mazoo, Mich. The other is Mrs. Dennis Huff country are words that today fall harshly It's appalling to think about, and we wish man of Claremont, Calif. on ears attuned to a different drum, but the SST planners would begin thinking And the Wulffs have five great-grand they are words expressing the ideals upon about it too. But the atmospheric scientists children. which this country was built and upon say they haven't even been consulted by PLOUGHED WITH OXEN which it shall continue to prosper. And engineers working on the SST. They aren't Both Mr. and Mrs. Wulff are natives of they are words, too, that describe our getting any government money for their re Nebraska's Washington County, where Mr. search, either, altho the SST will be amply '7ulff's parents, German immigrants, home Speaker. I feel that the country, the funded from that source. steaded and ploughed the land with oxen. House of Representatives, and the Demo The c~oud-cover hypothesis has not been Mrs. Wulff's English-born father, Richard cratic Party have been singularly blessed proved, the researchers point out. But Alfred Blaco, was a farmer and stock raiser and a to have a leader such as JOHN McCoR Hulstrunk of the Atmospheric Research cen member of the first Nebraska Legislature. MACK. He is that rare and oftsought ter in Albany sums it up: "Technology is Just Appropriately, the couple met in a grocery man-a strong leader with conscience, 30918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 21, 1969 a man of power with great compassion. slaughtering every South Vietnamese who And then when they get busted by the He has been an inspiration to us all and fought for or sympathized with our side. police they cry "pollee brutality." How ridic For another, world communism will have ulous can they be? They come to town pre I know that I speak for every Member won a smashing victory over Americanism pared to do battle, start the trouble them of the House of Representatives when I and liberty. selves and then bawl like little kids when say that we have complete and utter con And this victory will have been achieved they're stopped from doing what they fidence and faith in his judgments. The by mobs, in a contest against the elected shouldn't have been doing in the first place. House of Representatives and the Nation government of the U.S.A. They claim to be adults, but they're nothing are grateful to JOHN McCoRMACK, a truly What &hould patriotic Americans do to but spoiled children. Their infancy is appall devoted man. day, and in the later antiwar demonstra ing. tions plotted by these same helpers of our While their childishne!3s somehow ca.n be Red enemies? forgiven the cost of the vandalism cannot. The Committee for Responsible Patriotism Who gives these wet behind the ears punks h as one suggestion which we think is excel the right to roam up and down the streets AID-TO-THE-ENEMY DAY · lent; namely, run your car with its lights on busting up the works? today if you have a car, and fly the American If they're going to use the word "pig" they HON. MARTIN B. McKNEALLY flag if you c-an-to register sympathy for the had best look to themselves. If they're so U.S. war effort and contempt for those who familiar With the species they should recop: OF NEW YORK would sabotage it. nize it in themselve!3. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If anything good came out of the SDS MESSAGES TO THE PRESIDENT rampage it is that decent students through Tuesday, October 21, 1969 Or why not send a postcard to Hon. Richard out the na.tion will recognize the organiza Mr. McKNEALLY. Mr. Speaker, under M. Nixon, the White House, Washington, D.C. tion for what it is and will avoid it like a leave to extend my remarks in the REc 20006, and tell him in your own words that plague. you deplore these efforts to bring defeat on The Weathermen put forth their bell ORD I am pleased to insert the following the United States and support his persistent wether; they are a bunch of clowns. editorial which appeared in the New work for an honorable peace? York Daily News of Wednesday, October Or you might just send the President an 15, 1969, in support of President Nixon's immortal saying by a great American named efforts to bring the war in Vietnam to an Stephen Decatur: "OUr country! In her in A MIND-SPINNING TRIP CHANGED honorable conclusion: tercourse with foreign nations ma.y she OUR DESTINY always be in the right; but our country, right AID-TO-THE-ENEMY DAY or wrong." Organizers of the manifold demonstra We feel sure the President will be glad to HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE tions set for today against further U.S. par hear from you-the more of you the better. ticipation in the Vietnam war lump them OF TEXAS under the title Vietnam Moratorium Day. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We have a better name for it. We call it Tuesday, October 21, 1969 Aid-to-the-Enemy Day. Our name for it derives from the fact that CHICAGO DEMONSTRATION Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, as the enemy is loudly applauding these dem we begin to assess the needs in our na onstrations. HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI tional space program in the next decade Mrs. Nguyen Thi Binh, head of Red North it is well to examine in retrospect con Vietnam's delegation at the Paris peace talks, OF ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tributions of our national space program says it's all too, too wonderful, and sends her to date. Perhaps the most outstanding "most friendly salutations" to the demon Tuesday, October 21, 1969 strators. achievement in the last decade in space Hanoi Hannah, an English-speaking witch, Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, ap has been the Apollo 11 lunar landing. and we don't mean witch, who broadcasts proximately 10 days ago, elements of the A Washington Post staff writer, Thomas Red propaganda to U.S. troops in South SDS ran amok in Chicago in a perform O'Toole, in a Sunday, July 27, article, Vietnam, opines that President Richard M. ance that was truly shocking. did much to capture the importance of Nixon "is going to get his first taste of the A very sound and necessarily spirited this great first in history. As his words kind of massive anti-Vietnam war demon recapture this great moment of the lunar stration that drove his predecessor into polit commentary on the radical left rampage ical oblivion." in Chicago was carried in the Thursday, landing, it is important to look to the We hope the prominent Americans who October 16 Suburban Life of La Grange, future and make decisions as to our have expressed sympathy for Moratorium Ill., which I insert into the RECORD at will and desire not only to be first in Day are happy about the company they are this point: space but first in the application of space keeping. Some of these Americans are Mayor A PIG'S A PIG FOR A' THAT to our needs here on earth. I commend Lindsay, Sens. Javits and Goodell, W. Averell the reading of this article to my col Harriman, and more than a few "liberal" They came, they saw, they disrupted and leagues and the public. columnists and TV-radio commentators. they blew the whole bit. Instead of further The article follows: The treacherous nationWide jamboree got ing their cause, whatever that is, the Weatherman faction of the Students for a A MIND-SPINNING TRIP CHANGED OUR ita start in the brain of a Harvard Divinity DESTINY School dropout. Democratic Society wreaked damages in the thoUSiands and gave more thousands of inno HousToN.-There it lay, barren, beautiful It has been snapped up, amplified and cent college students a black image by their financed by Kooks, Reds, Dupes and a few and untouched for more than 4 billion years, idealists, and overpublicized by various news rampS~ge in Chicago. while man worked his way out of the caves media, so that today may Witness a lot of Thi!3 "intelligentsia" was nothing more all the time looking up at his neighbor 250, U.S. mob convulsions which will greatly en tha.n a mob of hoodlums who smashed win C" O miles across empty spaces, wondering courage the enemy. dows in apartment buildings and stores and what it was and dreaming how he might get damaged hundreds of cars. They came look there to find out. THEY HOPE TO WRECK NIXON ing for trouble, carrying clubs and chains When the time came for man to fulfill his The situation is complicated by the fact and wearing helmets. Make no mistake about dream, his own planet was in a turmoil that that many of President Nixon's political en it; this was planned anarchy. came close at times to a living nightmare. emies see in the anti-Viet war agitation a Yes, they came looking for trouble and But the irony was forgotten when the mo hope o! ruining him as an effective chief were prepared to start trouble. "Let's get the ment came for man to change his destiny, executive now and as a possible candidate pigs," was the cry. "Let't3 show this world the moment when two men out of all the for reelection in 1972. that it's about to be taken over by us. You world's m111ions descended in a four-legged Such opportunists are to be found in both people can't do the job. We're your salva machine named Eagle to a bleak plain in parties. tion." the moon's Sea of Tranquillity. Up to now, the President has declined to Those were the rallying cries, in effect, With the whole world holding its breath, be swayed by this mounting mob hysteria that the leaders of these punks put forth. Nell Armstrong and Buzz Aldren came down against him and the war. We hope most They had no intention of peaceful protesta out of the black and airless void, the orange earnestly that he will stand pat on that, against the Vietnam war or whatever else flame of their machine's braking engine come what may. they had in mind, real or imagined. bathing the lunar surface in an eerie glow. If he does not--if this movement succeeds Is the way to salvation of the world's prob "Kicking up some dust," said Armstrong. in losing the war for the United States and lems to be found in smashing Windowt;, "See some faint shadows . . . Drifting to the its South Vietnamese and other allies, the hurling rocks, wrecking parked cars, taunt right a little ... Contact light ... O.K., consequences can only be disastrous. ing policemen, all in the so-called name of engine stop." For one, South Vietnam Will be overrun freedom and brotherhood? Is love of man There was a pause, a brief stoppage of by bloodthirsty Communists bent on tattooed on the end of a club? hearts that seemed forever. "We copy you October 22, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 30919 down, Eagle," said a young North Carolinian his own planet af·ter he'd crawled up out of Ninety-nine per cent of the citizenry named Charlie Duke from Houston's Manned the sea 2 milUon years ago. which also loathes war but prefers to get out Spacecraft Genter. Just 15 minutes after Ar:rn&trong had come of Vietnam the valid, thoughtful way pro "Houston, Tranquillity Base here," replied down the ladder, Aldrin joined him. Moving posed by the President-very normally went Neil Armstrong at 4:17 p.m. EDT July 20, rapidly about in the airless, one-sixth grav about their daily chores and responsibilities. 1969. "The Eagle has landed." ity, both men quickly adjusted to their sur Babies were born in ten thousand places WHERE WERE YOU? roundings and at times behaved like small hopefully into a better world. boys at a summer picnic. Ten million students did not drop out of It immediately reminded people of remarks "Notice how you can pick up the rocks," classes and go barefoot and unshaven to made in the past when something happened Armstrong said. "Yeah, they bounce and "peace meetings" marked with upsidedown to change our lives: "Well, I made it ..." then . . . Boy, you can really throw things American flags. "Watson, come here, I want you .. •." "What far out here, can't you? And Neil, didn't I The. magical Mets pounced on Baltimore hath God wrought?" say we might see some purple rocks? They're after 55,000 tyranny-free fans thundered out What had been wrought this time? When small and sparkly." "The Star Spangled Banner" in their beloved men began to ponder it, they found they Growing more seri·ous, as if they remem Shea Stadium. couldn't. Now that it had happened, it was bered why they were there, Armstrong and Fifty thousand automobiles-and washing something that made minds spin. Man on Aldrin unveiled the plaque they had carried machines, refrigerators, food, medical reme the moon ... It sounded at once so simple and with them from earth, the plaque that said: dies, clothing--came off assembly lines and so absurd that it became a useless exercise to "We came in peace for all mankind." started to the people. relate the event to anything on earth. With that, the two men planted an Ameri People thronged clothing, food and drug It was a little bit like the day Pearl Har can flag. · stores to buy their necessities-with money bor was attacked or the day the war ended While you knew it was happening, you they earned in a land with its lowest unem in Europe or the day darkness came to the couldn't quite believe it. A woman watching ployment level of history. Northeastern United States in the middle of Armstrong's first steps around the landing Men who learned their skills in the open rush-hour traffic. craft, listening to his first words, said later universities of this land transplanted hearts Where were you when the lights went out? she had no idea of time or even where she and kidneys. Where were you when two men landed on was. "I d·idn't know whether the children The sensitive hands of surgeons saved hu the moon? Almost no answer would ever make were up," she said, "in bed or racing around man lives on a thousand operating tables. sense. "I was brushing my teeth." ''Drinking." in the back yard." Men and women did not glance up from "Kissing my girl." "Having dinner with Both men climbed back into their landing microscopes and lab work as the quest for friends." "Fighting with my wife." craft at about 1 a.m. "Adios amigos," said cures to cancer and other killers went on and If the landing put people in shock, what Aldrin as he climbed the ladder. on. Not cures for Americans-but for all took place almost seven hours later was even History had been made, though not easily. mankind, including the Viet Cong. more boggling to the mind. Men and women of government, from vil Wearing a cumbersome white pressure suit lage to Washington level, stayed with their and a bulky backpack that rose over his jobs to assure equal job opportunities, hous shoulders, Neil Armstrong backed out of the ing and justice for 2.ll citizens. Eagle's open hatch and down a 10¥2-foot lad THE OTHER SIDE OF THE On corner lots, in city parks and play der. He reached out to pull a lanyard and a MORATORIUM DAY grounds, a half-million kids-black and television camera came out, aimed squarely white--played PeeWee football, tackled hard at the ladder and r.. t Armstrong coming down. and wound up shaking hands. "Man," said Duke, a quarter of a million HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE In ten thousand places men built airports, miles away. "We're getting a picture on the OF TEXAS hospitals, schools, homes and industries TV." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and stayed on the job. Suddenly, there Armstrong was, on televi In cathedral, church and synagogue men sion screens the world over, backing down Tuesday, October 21, 1969 and women who seek the true peace gave the ladder like some surrealistic image to the silent prayer for the safe return of battle moon's surface. The first man on the moon Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, October 19, 1969, there ap field warriors-and the end of war's evils. was about to take his first steps on the moon In the Congress men dissented-but all and the whole world was watching him do it. peared an editortal in the Dallas Times held to the indestructible thread of freedom, Clear and stark in sharp blacks and whites, Herald wrttten by my good friend Felix of dedication to the purpose of this country. the picture of a craggy moon, a landing ma McKnight which should be read by every Some drifted into the valleys of partisanship, chine and a man in the foreground was eerie Member of this body. It is food for others to the peaks of statesmanship. But in its beauty, incredible in what it all meant. thought and perhaps some people in this none, Hanoi, would sell out on your terms. "It looks like a Kline painting," said Nor No, Hanoi didn't get confused about the man Mailer, who came to Houston to write country should partake of it: MEMO TO HANOI: DoN'T BE MISLED status of the United States of America. about what he felt it meant for Life maga Wednesday wasn't "a day off" in the na zine. It did look like a painting by the late (By Felix R. McKnight) tional life. It might have seemed so to you abstract expressionist Franz Kline, who Lest Hanoi get the twisted idea that this from reading and hearing the chant of a few worked with broad and bold sweeps of black entire country took its eye off the ball on self-appointed "saviours" among the New and white, until you suddenly realized that Wednesday and danced in the streets, 200 Left politicians and commentators. the man in the picture was moving. million strong, there should be another mes A fractional few protested in our streets Armstrong reached out his left foot. "I'm sage sent its way. against a President who worked for peace going to step off the Lem now," he said It is the inalienable right, the privilege, even as they jeered. No one was shot. and did it. of free people to go their unfettered way, Recall, Hanoi-and the restless sideline "Tha•t's one small step for man," Arm to voice opinions on "Moratorium Day" coaches of this nation-that on another day, strong declared. "One giant step for man something not even the McCarthys, the Me a year ago, an enlightened Communist took kind." Governs, the Kennedys or the Yarboroughs his people to the streets in protest. Protest A QUICK ADJUSTMENT could imagine on the streets of Hanoi. blunted by tanks and guns. Just how big a step only time will tell, It is also cricket, in American streets and Dubcek of Czechoslovakia today is stripped but one thing was certain even as Armstrong on campus, to disagree with the president of of his right to do anything. The protest of moved out of range of the television camera, the United States. No heads are chopped for his people has been muted. looking like some apocalyptic vision in his such license. In this free, enlightened land .there can be white space suit and fishbowl helmet: man But it should be signaled to North Viet protest. There was on Wednesday. had forever changed his destiny. In some nam and its sickening foot draggers in Paris But it will not derail the orderly, honor small respects, Armstrong's first steps on the that a few other things also were happen able withdrawal-and eventual peace we moon were like the first steps man took on ing in the United States on Wednesday. all seek.
SENATE-Wednesday, October 22, 1969 The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon teach us how to pray, when to pray, what in we are wrong. Confirm and strengthen and was called to order by the President to pray, and to whom to pray that the us wherein we are right. Save us from pro tempore. life of prayer may be the way of life in violence and discord, from distrust of one The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward this good land. Make us mindful of our another and from disobedience of di L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following godly heritage. Restore in us the faith of vine law. Unite us in heart and mind and prayer: ' our fathers that we may trust not in our action that we may be one people whose own strength but in the wisdom and light might is in the right and whose strength Eternal Father, Lord of men and na which comes from Thee. is in Thee. tions, on this national day of prayer, 0 Lord, chasten and correct us where- We pray now for the President and his