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A STUDY of FLORAL ELEMENTS of IGATPURI FOREST of NASIK DISTRICT (M.S) Dilip Ahire

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A STUDY of FLORAL ELEMENTS of IGATPURI FOREST of NASIK DISTRICT (M.S) Dilip Ahire International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 11, Issue 4, April-2020 252 ISSN 2229-5518 A STUDY OF FLORAL ELEMENTS OF IGATPURI FOREST OF NASIK DISTRICT (M.S) Dilip Ahire Department of Botany, M.S.G.College Malegaon Camp – 423203 (M.S.) ABSTRACT The variation in climate & diversity in the topography of various regions of Nasik have allowed to penetrate the Eastern as well as Western species & endemic flora has been affected abruptly,Which can be seen from the present study. The phytogeographical elements are fundamental elements for understanding flora of any area.It is clear that floristic work is incomplete without any account of floral elements any area . the floral elements occurs in Igatpuri forest. These floral elements are such as Indian, Indo- Malayan, Tropical,Paleotropical, Pantropics, Neotropical, Cosmopolitan, Perso-Arabian & Mediterranian decresing order & their percentage is also different.Analysisof a flora of Igatpuri forestin such a way indicate status of a forest & such type of analysis is also essential for origin & development of flora. Keywords : Floral elements, Igatpuri forest, Nasik District. INTRODUCTION Forest are the main components ot earth hence they act as life supporting system. But since last few decadsIJSER the biodiversity of these forest disappearing at alarming rate. India with its varied climatic, topographical & edaphic conditions has nearly all types of such habitats where the survival of plant species is possible.Therefore , the vegetation of India is very rich & is an assemblage of floristic elementsof various phytogeogrophical regions.From neighbouring countries several plants entered India & were naturalized in the it’s vegetation in remote past. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the various floristic elements present in the vegetation of the country. The study area of igatpuri forest is located in the western Ghats & surround by the highest peaks of sahyadri i.e. western Ghats.Western ghats is one of the well known world’s biodiversity hotspots. The present study sites is withinthe Western Ghats of India, hence present work is an attempt to known status of vegetation in Igatpuri forest.Hooker (1904) & Champion (1936), working on the flora & vegetation of India, belived that there was no endemic plant in the Indian subcontinent & all the plant species present , have migrated from other countries.Later on several Indianworkers like Chattrajee (1939) , Wulf,E.V.(1943), Bharucha & Meher – Homji (1965), Meher- Homji (1970) have studied the vegetation in different parts of India & discarded this imperialistic view of early British workers & concluded that the flora of Indian subcontinent contains a significant perecentage of endemic plants . Various workers Cherian,P.J. &Pataskar, R.D.(1971), Menon , A.R.R.& Shah, G.L.(1982), Yadhav , S.S.& Mathew, V.(1994) Joshi et al,(2004),Asish Kumar,Marcot,B.C. & IJSER © 2020 http://www.ijser.org International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 11, Issue 4, April-2020 253 ISSN 2229-5518 Ajai Saxena (2006) & Mishra, V.K.& Sharma A.C.(1910),have studied floristic elements, phytogeography & endemic plants in the vegetation of different parts of India , but Igatpuri forest of nasik district , which rich in its floristic elements ,has not been explored so far.Therefore, the present investigation has been taken. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The Igatpuri fores is vegetationally very rich.It lies between 20N latitude & 74 E longitude of 599 mm above main sea level. The Igatpuri is extreme south- west & bounded on the north by part of Nasik ,on east by Jalgaon & Auragabad & on south by Ahmadnagar & west by Thane district. The climate is cool through out the year. The soil type is black & red .Vaitarna & Darana are two main rivers. The average rainfall is 10345 mm. The temperature range from 180C to 460C. During the rainy seasons the entire area shows green cover due to plant growth. Ecological conditions favour the growth of many herbs,shrubs, climbers & number of trees are significant for biological diversity. Field work : For the vegation syudied eleven areas localites were selected randomly throughout forest. Quadrates of 10 x 10 meters were laid down in different direction in each places in different forest Alotgether 11 plots were laid down for trees & shrubs in the enrire area studied. Thus the sampling was done for the total area of 1100 squre meter in the forest. Laboratory work: The study of plantdiversity of Igatpuri forest was undertaken during the course (2005 to 2010).All plants are arranged according to Bentham & Hooker’s system of classification .The plants were collected in different seasons & identified with the help of floras (Hooker, 1872- 1897),(Cooke,1967), (Almeida,S.M.,1990) (Lakshminarashimhan P.1990),(Naik, V.N.1998), Discussion : The number & Perecentage of species in different floral elements is presented in table 1. The IJSERIndian elements constitutes the largest number (41.47%) followed by Indomalayan elements (18.22%), Tropical elements (13.20%), Palaeotropical elements (10.95%), Pantropical (9.61%), Neotropical (2.60%), Cosmopolitan (2.24%), Perso-arabian (1.35%) and Mediterranean elements relatively very few (0.36%). Table 1: Number and Percentage of floral elements of Igatpuri. Sr. No. Floral elements Number Percentage 1 Indian 462 41.47 2 Indomalayan 203 18.22 3 Tropical 147 13.20 4 Paleotropical 122 10.95% 5 Pantropical 107 9.61% 6 Neotropical 29 2.10% 7 Cosmopolitan 25 2.24% 8 Perso-arbian 15 1.35 IJSER © 2020 http://www.ijser.org International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 11, Issue 4, April-2020 254 ISSN 2229-5518 9 Mediterranean 04 0.36% Total 1114 100 2.24% 1.35% 9.61% 2.10% 0.36% 10.95% 41.47% Indian Indomalayan Tropical Paleotropical Pantropical Neotropical Cosmopolitan 13.20% Perso-arbian Mediterranean 18.22% IJSERFig. 1: Floral Elements IJSER © 2020 http://www.ijser.org International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 11, Issue 4, April-2020 255 ISSN 2229-5518 1.Indian: Clematis hedysarifolia DC., Clematis heynei M.A.Rau., Dillenia pentagyna Roxb., Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight & Arn., Cissampelos pareira L., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd) Miers ex Hook., Cardamine trichocarpa Hochst.ex A. Rich., Clemoe simplicifolia (Camb.) Hook., Casearia tomentosa Roxb., Flacourtia latifolia (Hook. f. & Thoms) T. Cooke., Tamarix dioica Roxb., Tamarix ericoides., var. pungens (Roxb.) Hochr., Ablemoschus tuberculatus Pal & Singh., Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff., Hibiscus talbotii (Rakshit) Paul & Nayar., Eriolaena quinquelocularis (Wight & Arn.) Wight., Melochia corchorifoilia L., Sterculia urens Roxb., Corchorus olitorius L., Grewia flavescens A. Juss., Triufettmpatiens malabarica Koen ex Rottb., Linum mysorense Heyne ex Bth., Reinwardtia indica Dumort., Aspidopterys cordata(Heye ex Wall) A. Juss., Gernium ocellatum Camb., Monsonia senegalensis Guill & Perr., Impatiens balsamina L., Impatiens dalzellii Hook f.& Thoms., Impatiens minor (DC.)Bennet., Atalantia racemosa Wight Arn ., Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr., Mimosa hamata Willd. Sp. Pl., Soymida febrifuga A. Juss., Rhamnus hirsuta Wight & Arn., Ventilago bombaiensis Dalz., Ziziphus caracutta Roxb., Zizphus nummularia (Burm. f.) White & Arn., Zizphus rugosa var. rugosa Lam., Cissus pallida (Wight & Arn.) Planch., Rhus mysorensis G. Don., Moringa concanensia Nimmo ex Dalz. &Gibs., Alysicarpus homosus Edgew., Butea superba Roxb. ex Willd., Cajanus sericeus (Bth. ex Baker) van der Maesen., Clitoria biflora Dalz., Crotalaria filipes Bth. in Hook., Crotalaria juncea L., Crotolaria mysorensis Roth., Crotalaria stocksii Bth. ex Baker., Desmodium ritchiei Sanj., Desmodium triangulare (Retz.) Merr., Dolichous trilobus L., Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arn., Indigofera cassioides Rottl. ex DC., Indigofera glandulosa Wendl ., Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochr., Psoralea corylifolia L., Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb., Smithia bigemina Dalz., Simithia purpurea Hook., Smithia racemosa Heyne ex Wight & Arn., Smithia sensitiva Ait. Hort., Taverniera cuneifolia (Roth.) Arn. Nov., Uraria rufescens (DC.) Schindl., Vigna dalzelliana (O. Ktze.) Verdc., Bauhinia foveolata Dalz., Bauhinia malabarica Roxb., Bauchinia phoenicea Heyne ex Wight & Arn., Hardwickia binata Roxb., Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd., Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del., Acacia torta (Roxb) Craib., Albizia odoratissima (L. f.) Bth in Hook., Neptunia triquetra (Vahl.) Bth., Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce.,IJSER Anogissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.)., Terminalia chebula Retz. Obs., Terminalia cuneata Roth., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Combretum albidum G., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Syzygium heyneanum (Duthie) Wall ex Gamble., Osbeckia muralis Naud., Lagersteroemia microcarpa Wight., Lindernia parviflora Roxb., Rotaia occultiflora Koehne., R. serphyllifolia (Roth.) Bremek., Punica granatum L., Ctenolephis garcinii (Burm. f.) C.B.Cl., Cucumis setosus Cong., Dicoelospermum ritchiei C.B.Cl., Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb., Begonia crenata Dryand., Begonia picta J. E. Sm., Pimpinella adscendens Dalz., Pimpinella heyneana (Wall.ex DC.) Kurz., Pimpinella tomentosa Dalz. ex C.B.Cl., Pimpinella wallichiana (Miq.ex Hohen.) Gandhi., Pinda concanense (Dalz.) P. K. Mukh. & Constance., Canthium dicoccum (Gaertn.) Teijsm & Binn ., Gardenia gummifera L., Gardenia latifolia Soland., Hedyotis affinis R. & S. Sys., Hedyotis aspera Heyne ex Roth., HedyotisS pumila L., Hymenodictyon orixense (Roxb.) Mabb., Ixora brachiata Roxb Ixora pavetta Andr., Morinda citrifolia L ., Neanotis
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