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Developments in Technical Typesetting: Tex at the End of the Th Century
A Century of Science Publishing E.H. Fredriksson (Ed.) IOS Press, Chapter Developments in Technical Typesetting: TeX at the End of the th Century Barbara Beeton Editor, TUGboat, the Communications of the TeX Users Group Introduction The composition of mathematical and technical material has traditionally been considered “penalty copy”, because of both the large number of special sym- bols required, and the complicated arrangement of these symbols on the page. While careful exposition has always been a valued skill for the mathematician or scientist, the tools were not available to allow authors to complete the presentation until relatively recently. The machinery has now come together: a desktop or portable computer; a text editor; an input language that is reasonably intuitive to a scientific author; a composition program that “understands” what mathematical notation is supposed to look like; a laser printer with a resolution high enough to print even very small symbols clearly. The composition engine is TeX, by Donald Knuth of Stanford University. This tool, originally developed specifically to pro- duce the second edition of Knuth’s The Art of Computer Programming, Volume , has been adopted by mathematicians, physicists, and other scientists for their own use. A number of scientific and technical publishers accept electronic manuscripts prepared with TeX and insert them directly into their production flow, while other publishers use TeX as a back end, continuing to accept and process copy in the tra- ditional manner. TeX manuscripts are circulated in electronic form by their authors in e-mail and posted into preprint archives on the World Wide Web; they are portable and durable — a new edition of a work need not be typed from scratch, but can be modified from the file of the previous edition. -
The File Cmfonts.Fdd for Use with Latex2ε
The file cmfonts.fdd for use with LATEX 2".∗ Frank Mittelbach Rainer Sch¨opf 2019/12/16 This file is maintained byA theLTEX Project team. Bug reports can be opened (category latex) at https://latex-project.org/bugs.html. 1 Introduction This file contains the external font information needed to load the Computer Modern fonts designed by Don Knuth and distributed with TEX. From this file all .fd files (font definition files) for the Computer Modern fonts, both with old encoding (OT1) and Cork encoding (T1) are generated. The Cork encoded fonts are known under the name ec fonts. 2 Customization If you plan to install the AMS font package or if you have it already installed, please note that within this package there are additional sizes of the Computer Modern symbol and math italic fonts. With the release of LATEX 2", these AMS `extracm' fonts have been included in the LATEX font set. Therefore, the math .fd files produced here assume the presence of these AMS extensions. For text fonts in T1 encoding, the directive new selects the new (version 1.2) DC fonts. For the text fonts in OT1 and U encoding, the optional docstrip directive ori selects a conservatively generated set of font definition files, which means that only the basic font sizes coming with an old LATEX 2.09 installation are included into the \DeclareFontShape commands. However, on many installations, people have added missing sizes by scaling up or down available Metafont sources. For example, the Computer Modern Roman italic font cmti is only available in the sizes 7, 8, 9, and 10pt. -
DE-Tex-FAQ (Vers. 72
Fragen und Antworten (FAQ) über das Textsatzsystem TEX und DANTE, Deutschsprachige Anwendervereinigung TEX e.V. Bernd Raichle, Rolf Niepraschk und Thomas Hafner Version 72 vom September 2003 Dieser Text enthält häufig gestellte Fragen und passende Antworten zum Textsatzsy- stem TEX und zu DANTE e.V. Er kann über beliebige Medien frei verteilt werden, solange er unverändert bleibt (in- klusive dieses Hinweises). Die Autoren bitten bei Verteilung über gedruckte Medien, über Datenträger wie CD-ROM u. ä. um Zusendung von mindestens drei Belegexem- plaren. Anregungen, Ergänzungen, Kommentare und Bemerkungen zur FAQ senden Sie bit- te per E-Mail an [email protected] 1 Inhalt Inhalt 1 Allgemeines 5 1.1 Über diese FAQ . 5 1.2 CTAN, das ‚Comprehensive TEX Archive Network‘ . 8 1.3 Newsgroups und Diskussionslisten . 10 2 Anwendervereinigungen, Tagungen, Literatur 17 2.1 DANTE e.V. 17 2.2 Anwendervereinigungen . 19 2.3 Tagungen »geändert« .................................... 21 2.4 Literatur »geändert« .................................... 22 3 Textsatzsystem TEX – Übersicht 32 3.1 Grundlegendes . 32 3.2 Welche TEX-Formate gibt es? Was ist LATEX? . 38 3.3 Welche TEX-Weiterentwicklungen gibt es? . 41 4 Textsatzsystem TEX – Bezugsquellen 45 4.1 Wie bekomme ich ein TEX-System? . 45 4.2 TEX-Implementierungen »geändert« ........................... 48 4.3 Editoren, Frontend-/GUI-Programme »geändert« .................... 54 5 TEX, LATEX, Makros etc. (I) 62 5.1 LATEX – Grundlegendes . 62 5.2 LATEX – Probleme beim Umstieg von LATEX 2.09 . 67 5.3 (Silben-)Trennung, Absatz-, Seitenumbruch . 68 5.4 Seitenlayout, Layout allgemein, Kopf- und Fußzeilen »geändert« . 72 6 TEX, LATEX, Makros etc. (II) 79 6.1 Abbildungen und Tafeln . -
Latex2ε Font Selection
LATEX 2" font selection © Copyright 1995{2021, LATEX Project Team.∗ All rights reserved. March 2021 Contents 1 Introduction2 1.1 LATEX 2" fonts.............................2 1.2 Overview...............................2 1.3 Further information.........................3 2 Text fonts4 2.1 Text font attributes.........................4 2.2 Selection commands.........................7 2.3 Internals................................8 2.4 Parameters for author commands..................9 2.5 Special font declaration commands................. 10 3 Math fonts 11 3.1 Math font attributes......................... 11 3.2 Selection commands......................... 12 3.3 Declaring math versions....................... 13 3.4 Declaring math alphabets...................... 13 3.5 Declaring symbol fonts........................ 14 3.6 Declaring math symbols....................... 15 3.7 Declaring math sizes......................... 17 4 Font installation 17 4.1 Font definition files.......................... 17 4.2 Font definition file commands.................... 18 4.3 Font file loading information..................... 19 4.4 Size functions............................. 20 5 Encodings 21 5.1 The fontenc package......................... 21 5.2 Encoding definition file commands................. 22 5.3 Default definitions.......................... 25 5.4 Encoding defaults........................... 26 5.5 Case changing............................. 27 ∗Thanks to Arash Esbati for documenting the newer NFSS features of 2020 1 6 Miscellanea 27 6.1 Font substitution.......................... -
Cork' Math Font Encoding?
Introduction Text font encodings Math font encodings OpenType math Summary Do we need a ‘Cork’ math font encoding? Dr. Ulrik Vieth Stuttgart, Germany TUG 2008, Cork, Ireland Introduction Text font encodings Math font encodings OpenType math Summary What’s in this talk? • Some history of font encodings • Some review of recent developments • Some discussion of future plans • Font encodings (Unicode) • Font technology (OpenType) • New math fonts for new TEX engines Introduction Text font encodings Math font encodings OpenType math Summary Situation at Cork 1990 • TEX was undergoing major transition phase in 1989–90 • TEX version 3.0 just released in early 1990 • Support for multiple languages added • Support for 8-bit font encodings added • European TEX users groups founded in 1989–90 • European users strongly interested in new features • Better hyphenation of accented languages • Better font support of accented languages • European users started to work on fonts and encodings • European users agreed font encoding for 8-bit fonts ⇒ ‘Cork’ encoding, named after conference site Introduction Text font encodings Math font encodings OpenType math Summary Benefits of the ‘Cork’ encoding • Success of the ‘Cork’ encoding • provided model for further 8-bit text font encoding • provided support for many/most European languages • started further developments in font encodings • Some design decisions done right • provided complete 7-bit ASCII subset (no exceptions) • consistent encoding for all font shapes (no variations) • consistent organization of uppercase/lowercase codes • no inter-dependencies between text and math fonts Introduction Text font encodings Math font encodings OpenType math Summary Shortcomings of the ‘Cork’ encoding • Some design shortcomings and their consequences • did not follow any standards (e.g. -
Installation
APPENDIX A Installation In case you do not already have a LATEX installation, in Sections A.1 and A.2, we describe how to install LATEX on your computer, a PC or a Mac. The installation is much easier if you obtain TEX Live 2007 (or later) from the TEX Users Group, TUG (see Section E.2). It contains both the TEX implementations we discuss. No installation is given for UNIX computers. The attraction of UNIX to its users is the incredibly large number of options, from the UNIX dialect, to the shell, the editor, and so on. A typical UNIX user downloads the code and compiles the system. This is obviously beyond the scope of this book. Nevertheless, TEX Live 2007 (or later) from the TEX Users Group supplies the compiled (binaries) of LATEX for a number of UNIX variants. First read Chapter 1, so that in this Appendix you recognize the terminology we introduce there. I will assume that you become sufficiently familiar with your LATEX distribution to be able to perform the editing cycle with the sample documents. 490 Appendix A Installation A.1 LATEX on a PC On a PC, most mathematicians use MiKTeX and the editor WinEdt. So it seems appro- priate that we start there. A.1.1 Installing MiKTeX If you made a donation to MiKTeX or if you have the TEX Live 2007 (or later) from the TEX Users Group, then you have a CD or DVD with the MiKTeX installer. Installation then is in one step and very fast. In case you do not have this CD or DVD, we show how to install from the Internet. -
Digital Typography in the New Millennium: Flexible Documents by a Flexible Engine
Digital Typography in the New Millennium: Flexible Documents by a Flexible Engine Christos KK Loverdos Department of Informatics and Telecommunications University of Athens TYPA Buildings, Panepistimioupolis GR-157 84 Athens Greece [email protected] Apostolos Syropoulos Greek TEX Friends Group 366, 28th October Str. GR-671 00 Xanthi Greece [email protected] Abstract The TEX family of electronic typesetters is the primary typesetting tools for the preparation of demanding documents, and have been in use for many years. However, our era is characterized, among others, by Unicode, XML and the in- troduction of interactive documents. In addition, the Open Source movement, which is breaking new ground in the areas of project support and development, enables masses of programmers to work simultaneously. As a direct consequence, it is reasonable to demand the incorporation of certain facilities to a highly mod- ular implementation of a TEX-like system. Facilities such as the ability to extend the engine using common scripting languages (e.g., Perl, Python, Ruby, etc.) will help in reaching a greater level of overall architectural modularity. Obviously, in order to achieve such a goal, it is mandatory to attract a greater programming audience and leverage the Open Source programming community. We argue that the successful TEX-successor should be built around a microkernel/exokernel ar- chitecture. Thus, services such as client-side scripting, font selection and use, out- put routines and the design and implementation of formats can be programmed as extension modules. In order to leverage the huge amount of existing code, and keep document source compatibility, the existing programming interface is demonstrated to be just another service/module. -
TEX Support for the Fontsite 500 Cd 30 May 2003 · Version 1.1
TEX support for the FontSite 500 cd 30 May 2003 · Version 1.1 Christopher League Here is how much of TeX’s memory you used: 3474 strings out of 12477 34936 string characters out of 89681 55201 words of memory out of 263001 3098 multiletter control sequences out of 10000+0 1137577 words of font info for 1647 fonts, out of 2000000 for 2000 Copyright © 2002 Christopher League [email protected] Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. The FontSite and The FontSite 500 cd are trademarks of Title Wave Studios, 3841 Fourth Avenue, Suite 126, San Diego, ca 92103. i Table of Contents 1 Copying ........................................ 1 2 Announcing .................................... 2 User-visible changes ..................................... 3 3 Installing....................................... 5 3.1 Find a suitable texmf tree............................. 5 3.2 Copy files into the tree .............................. 5 3.3 Tell drivers how to use the fonts ...................... 6 3.4 Test your installation ................................ 7 3.5 Other applications .................................. 8 3.6 Notes for Windows users ............................ 9 3.7 Notes for Mac users................................. 9 4 Using ......................................... 10 4.1 With TeX ........................................ 10 4.2 Accessing expert sets ............................... 11 4.3 Using CombiNumerals ............................ -
A Practical Guide to LATEX Tips and Tricks
Luca Merciadri A Practical Guide to LATEX Tips and Tricks October 7, 2011 This page intentionally left blank. To all LATEX lovers who gave me the opportunity to learn a new way of not only writing things, but thinking them ...Claudio Beccari, Karl Berry, David Carlisle, Robin Fairbairns, Enrico Gregorio, Stefan Kottwitz, Frank Mittelbach, Martin M¨unch, Heiko Oberdiek, Chris Rowley, Marc van Dongen, Joseph Wright, . This page intentionally left blank. Contents Part I Standard Documents 1 Major Tricks .............................................. 7 1.1 Allowing ............................................... 10 1.1.1 Linebreaks After Comma in Math Mode.............. 10 1.2 Avoiding ............................................... 11 1.2.1 Erroneous Logic Formulae .......................... 11 1.2.2 Erroneous References for Floats ..................... 12 1.3 Counting ............................................... 14 1.3.1 Introduction ...................................... 14 1.3.2 Equations For an Appendix ......................... 16 1.3.3 Examples ........................................ 16 1.3.4 Rows In Tables ................................... 16 1.4 Creating ............................................... 17 1.4.1 Counters ......................................... 17 1.4.2 Enumerate Lists With a Star ....................... 17 1.4.3 Math Math Operators ............................. 18 1.4.4 Math Operators ................................... 19 1.4.5 New Abstract Environments ........................ 20 1.4.6 Quotation Marks Using -
Bibliography and Index
TLC2, ch-end.tex,v: 1.39, 2004/03/19 p.963 Bibliography [1] Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe Type 1 Font Format. Addison-Wes- ley, Reading, MA, USA, 1990. ISBN 0-201-57044-0. The “black book” contains the specifications for Adobe’s Type 1 font format and describes how to create a Type 1 font program. The book explains the specifics of the Type 1 syntax (a subset of PostScript), including information on the structure of font programs, ways to specify computer outlines, and the contents of the various font dictionaries. It also covers encryption, subroutines, and hints. http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/pdfs/tn/T1Format.pdf [2] Adobe Systems Incorporated. “PostScript document structuring conven- tions specification (version 3.0)”. Technical Note 5001, 1992. This technical note defines a standard set of document structuring conventions (DSC), which will help ensure that a PostScript document is device independent. DSC allows PostScript language programs to communicate their document structure and printing requirements to document managers in a way that does not affect the PostScript language page description. http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/pdfs/tn/5001.DSC_Spec.pdf [3] Adobe Systems Incorporated. “Encapsulated PostScript file format specifi- cation (version 3.0)”. Technical Note 5002, 1992. This technical note details the Encapsulated PostScript file (epsf) format, a standard format for importing and exporting PostScript language files among applications in a variety of heteroge- neous environments. The epsf format is based on and conforms to the document structuring conventions (DSC) [2]. http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/pdfs/tn/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf [4] Adobe Systems Incorporated. -
ISDI Metadata Profile Volume 1
ISDI Metadata Profile (spatial data sets and data set series) Irish Spatial Data Infrastructure ISDI Metadata Profile Version 1.2 Volume 1 Spatial Dataset and Spatial Dataset Series Department of Environment, Community And Local Government 2013 1 ISDI Metadata Profile (spatial data sets and data set series) Purpose of this Document The purpose of this document is to provide the outline of the partner agreed ISDI Metadata Profile and to identify the metadata elements required to accurately describe a spatial dataset or a spatial dataset series managed by the organisations in the Irish Spatial Data Infrastructure. Revision History Version Description Author Date 1.0 ISDI Metadata Profile (spatial Trevor Alcorn 31/05/2011 datasets and dataset series) version 1.0 1.1 Ad-hoc edits Gareth John 01/10/2012 1.2 Version 1.2 revision Trevor Alcorn 07/01/2013 Gareth John 2 ISDI Metadata Profile (spatial data sets and data set series) Contents 1. Overview of ISDI Metadata Profile....................................................5 2 ISDI Metadata Profile for spatial dataset and spatial dataset series...............................................................................................8 2.1 ISDI “dataset” Metadata Profile of ISO 19115:2005 ....................8 2.2 Metadata for geographic data ................................................9 2.3 Metadata sections ...............................................................9 3 Metadata section descriptions ........................................................10 3.1 Metadata entity set -
The Stix2 Package
The stix2 package STI Pub Companies∗ Version 2.0.2, 2021/01/14 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Background 2 3 Usage 3 3.1 Options.............................................3 3.2 Compatibility with other packages..............................3 3.3 Feedback............................................3 4 Math alphabets 4 5 Math symbols 4 5.1 Alphabetics...........................................4 5.2 Ordinary symbols.......................................5 5.3 Binary operators........................................9 5.4 Relations............................................ 11 5.5 Punctuation.......................................... 19 5.6 Integrals............................................ 19 5.7 Big operators.......................................... 20 5.8 Delimiters........................................... 20 5.9 Other bracess.......................................... 22 5.10 Accents............................................. 22 5.11 Over and under brackets.................................... 23 5.12 Radicals............................................. 23 6 Font tables 24 6.1 Text fonts............................................ 24 6.2 Math fonts........................................... 31 ∗This package was developed by Khaled Hosny on behalf of the STI Pub companies, who gratefully acknowledge his eorts. 1 1 Introduction The STIX fonts are a set of OpenType fonts designed for use with typesetting engines such as X TE EX or LuaTEX that directly support Unicode and modern font technologies. When used with one of these engines, no extra support is needed beyond the unicode-math package. This is the recommended way of using the STIX fonts with TEX. The most recent version of the STIX fonts can be found at https: //github.com/stipub/stixfonts. The stix2 package provides support for versions of TEX that are limited to TFM les, Type 1 PostScript fonts, and 8-bit font encodings. Version 2.0.0 of the STIX fonts are being released in this format in hopes of easing the transition from legacy TEX engines to modern fully Unicode-compatible systems.