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Appendix 1: Glossary Appendix 1: Glossary AGH. See "Akademia Gorniczo-Hutnicza." Akademia Gorniczo-Hutnicza. Academy of Mining and Metallurgy. An engineering school located in Krakow. Akademia Teologii Katolickiej. Academy of Catholic Theology. Located in Warsaw. This was the only university that has dual control between the Minister of Higher Education and the Archbishop of Warsaw. The Roman Catholic Primate of Poland (the Archbishop of Warsaw) held the post of Great Counsellor (Wielki Kanclerz), which was nominally the highest authority in the university (though in practice the administration was carried out by the Senate and the Rector). This university was established in 1952 by the merger of the theological faculties of the University of Warsaw and the Jagiellonian University of Cracow, with the intention of bringing up a new breed of "red" priests. Until 1960 it was under the influence of the secret police. In 1960 control over it was assumed by a pro-regime Catholic socialist group named PAX. However, throughout its history the Catholic Church had influence over it. There were 400 lay students and 1200 clerical students. The status of clerical students was controlled by canon law but the extent of subjection of the lay students to canon law was unclear-which caused problems in developing NZS prerogatives within the framework of this school. ATK. See "Akademia Teologii Katolickiej." AWF. Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego. Academy of Physical Training. Prepares students to be teachers of physical education. Barykada. Literally "The Barricade." An underground publication published by students in Krakow Poland after the imposition of martial law. Authors of articles are cited by their initials. Bratniaki. Mutual aid societies with a history extending back to the nineteenth century. Were disbanded in early fifties. Contradictions Seekers' Club. See Klub Poszukiwaczy Sprzecznosci. Creeping Revolutionaries' Club. Klub Raczkujqcych Rewizjonist6w. See Klub Poszukiwaczy Sprzecznosci. Crooked Circle Club. See Klub Krzywego Kola. CRZZ. Centralna Rada Zwi<}zkow Zawodowych. Central Council of Trade Unions. "Flying University." See "Lataj<}cy Uniwersytet." Gorski, Janusz. Former Minister of Higher Education and Technology. Intelektualisci. Intellectuals Jagiellonian University. See Uniwersytet Jagiellonski. KIK. Klub Inteligencji Katolickiej. The Club of Catholic Intelligentsia. Initiated in 1956. An independent social and cultural organization of Catholics. KKK. Krajowa Komisja Koordynacyjna. National Coordinating Committee (of the NZS). 194 Glossary 195 KKP. Krajowa Komisja Porozumiewawcza NSZZ Solidarnosc. National Coordinating Committee of Solidarity, the highest body of the organiza­ tion. Klub Krzywego Kola. Crooked Circle Club. The most notable of several dissident groups of the fifties. Founded in 1956 in Warsaw, it was primarily a discussion group. It remained active until February 1962 when it was dissolved by the government shortly after being denounced for having youth in attendance. Klub Poszukiwaczy Sprzecznosci. Contradictions Seekers' Club. Also known as the Klub Raczkujqcych Rewizjonistow (Creeping Revisionists' Club). See Klub Poszukiwaczy Sprzecznosci. Kolegium. A fine imposed by a kolegium (that is, a court handling misdemeanors). Komitet Obrony Wi~zionych za Przekonania. The Defense Committee for Prisoners of Conscience. An organization founded by the KKP of Solidarity on 20 December 1980. In it participated, among others, Andrzej Wajda, Wanda Witkomirska, Marian Brandys and Tadeusz Konwicki. The Committee emphasized that it did not identify with the convictions of the repressed persons but it opposed the principle to use the criminal code as an instrument of political struggle. Fighting to release all political prisoners, some of its regional activists were closely connected to the KPN because during the Solidarity times Leszek Moczulski and his associates were at times the only political prisoners. Komitet Rektor6w, also known as Og6lnopolski Komitet Rektor6w Wyi:szych Uczelni). See "Krajowa Konferencja Rektor6w Polskich Wyi:szych Uczelni." Komitet Rektor6w Warszawskich Wyi:szych Uczelni. Committee of Rectors of Warsaw Universities. A subgroup of the Komitet Rektor6w which consisted of rectors of Warsaw institutions of higher education. Konwent. The university-wide and academy-wide governing structure was the Konwent (a cognate of the English word "convention") which was a body composed of elected representatives of each of the departments of the institution. The members of the Konwent elected a chairperson from among the Konwent members. This chairperson had the right to appoint from the membership of the Konwent a Zarzqd, or board of directors. This board had to be confirmed by a vote of the membership on the Konwent as a whole. The Zarz{ld was structured into committees to facilitate its operation. In the intoxication with democracy, all important decisions were voted upon by the full membership of the Konwent. On occasion this necessitated a post factum vote. KOR. Komitet Obrony Robotnik6w. Committee for Workers' Defense. An oppositionist group founded in 1976 and voluntarily disbanded during the odnowa. Composed of intelektualisci, it provided advisers to Solidarity. Although students were ineligible for membership, some worked with KOR as "KOR Associates." KPN. Konfederacja Polski Niepodlegtej. Confederation for an Independent Poland. This oppositional group was established in 1979 by Leszek Moczulski in Warsaw. A nationalistic group that was rather openly anti­ Communist and anti-socialist as the terms are used in the US. The group 196 Glossary was focused around the newspaper Opinia. Some student members of the K.PN joined the NZS. Krajowa Konferencja Rektor6w Polskich Wyzszych Uczelni, also known as Komitet Rector6w, or the Rectors' Committee. The National Conference of University Rectors. An informal body that consisted of university rectors, which undertook the self-imposed task of mediation in conflicts between institutions of higher education and the Ministry of Higher Education. KZMP. Komunistyczny Zwil}zek Mlodziezy Polskiej. Communist Union of Polish Youth. Was founded in April 1981 and died with the onset of martial law. This organization was avowedly Communist in orientation and did not attract a notable following. It recognized the "leading role of the party" and listed "historical materialism" as its ideological basis. It proclaimed its "goal as the defense of the sovereignty of Poland and the freedom of the people, as well as the realization of social justice."1 "Latajl}cy Uniwersytet." (The "Flying University".) A clandestine university which offered lectures and seminars in 1977-80. Main Council. See "Rada Gt6wna." Mi~dzyzaktadowy Komitet Strajkowy." The Interfactory Strike Committee. Formed in August 1980 by representatives from various striking enter­ prises. Mi~dzyzakladowy Komitet Zalozcielski. Interplant Founding Committee. Superseded the MKS. After Solidarity's organizational structure was established in a region it replaced the MKZ. Milicja Obywatelska. Citizens' Police. Ordinary policepersons. MKS. See "Mi~dzyzakladowy Komitet Strajkowy." MKZ. See "Mi~dzyzakladowy Komitet Zalo:lycielski." MO. See "Milicja Obywatelska." Niezalezne Zrzeszenie Student6w. The Independent Students' Association. Made illegal after martial law. Niezalezny Samorzl}dny Zwil}zek Zawodowy Rolnik6w Indywidualnych "Solidarnosc." Rural Solidarity. Also called Farmers' Solidarity. The organization formed to represent the interests of the farmers who, technically not being workers, could not join Solidarity. Niezale:Zny SamorzlJdny Zwil}zek Zawodowy "Solidarnosc." Independent Self-governing Trade Union, "Solidarity." NZS. See 'Niezalezne Zrzeszenie Student6w." NSZZ Solidarnosc. See "Niezalezny SamorzlJdny Zwil}zek Zawodowy "Solidarnosc." NSZZRI. See "Niezalezny Samorzl}dny Zwil}zek Zawodowy Rolnik6w Indywidualnych "Solidarnosc." Odnowa. Renewal; renaissance. This refers to the period from August 1980-- 13 December 1981 when Solidarity was tolerated and a national renewal seemed to be occurring. OKPN. Og6lnopolski Komitet Porozumiewawczy Nauki. National Coopera­ ting Committee of University Educators. The branch of the Solidarity union comprising university and other academic and research institutional employees. OKPSzW. Og6lnopolska Komisja Porozumiewawcza Szk6l Wyzszych. National Commission of Solidarity of Institutions of Higher Education. Glossary 197 OKZ. Og6lnopolski Komitet Zalo:i:ycielski NZS. The National Founding Committee of the NZS. It was charged with the task of gaining legal status for the NZS through official registration, which it negotiated with the Minister of Higher Education. ORMO. Ochotnicza Rezerwa Milicji Obywatelskiej. Voluntary Reserve of the Citizens Militia. Corresponds to auxiliary police in the United States. Known as "sociopolitical activists," considered thugs by many. Worked with police in quashing student demonstrations on occasion. PAX. A pro-regime Catholic organization founded in 1945. It became critical of the government during the odnowa. Its leader, Ryszard Reiff was dismissed by the military regime, apparently for his opposition to the imposition of martial law. Polish Helsinki Watch Committee. A human rights monitoring group. Polish United Workers Party (PUWP). Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robot­ nicza (PZPR). The Communist Party formed in 1948 by a merger of the PPR and the PPS. PW. Politechnika Warszawska. Warsaw Polytechnic. PZA. Polski Zwi<Jzek Akademicki. The Polish Academic Union. This
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