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Taxonomic Review of the Korean Megaloptera with Description of Sialis Koreana, New Species

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Taxonomic Review of the Korean Megaloptera with Description of Sialis Koreana, New Species Entomological Research Bulletin 28: 3-13 (2012) Research paper Taxonomic Review of the Korean Megaloptera with Description of Sialis koreana, New Species Sang Woo Jung and Yeon Jae Bae College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea Correspondence Abstract Y.J. Bae, Division of Life Science, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Six species of Megaloptera in the families Sialidae and Corydalidae are recognized Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, in Korea including one new species (Sialis koreana, n. sp.), two species (Sialis Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Korea annae Vshivkova and Sialis longidens Klingstedt) new to Korea, and three species E-mail: [email protected] (Neochauliodes formosanus (Okamoto), Parachauliodes asahinai Liu, Hayashi & Yang, and Protohermes xanthodes Navás) previously recorded in Korea. Descrip- tion of the new species, diagnoses of all known species, illustrations and photographs of diagnostic characters, photographs of habitats, key to the species for male adults, and taxonomic remarks are provided. Key words: Corydalidae, description, Korea, Megaloptera, Sialidae, Sialis koreana Introduction are found in lotic and lentic habitats with soft sediments. They do not feed during the adult stage for one or two weeks, The insect order Megaloptera is composed of two families, but the larvae of both Sialidae and Corydalidae are active Sialidae and Corydalidae, wherein the family Corydalidae predators on small invertebrates including other aquatic includes subfamiles Corydalinae and Chauliodinae. The order insects. consists of 328 extant species worldwide including 81 Siali- In this study, we reviewed previously known species of dae species, 131 Coydalinae species, and 116 Chauliodinae Megaloptera in Korea and provided description of one new species (Cover & Resh, 2008). Because of their large body species. size and relatively low agility, members of this order are relatively well known (Glorioso, 1981; Whiting, 1994; Liu & Yang, 2006b; Liu et al., 2007, 2008, 2010). In Korea, eight Materials and Methods species of Megaloptera, Parachauliodes continentalis, Para- chauliodes asahinai, Protohermes grandis, Protohermes Adults of Corydalidae were frequently attracted by light traps xanthodes, Neochauliodes formosanus, Neochauliodes kore- and adults of Sialidae were collected using sweep nets near anus, Sialis sibirica, and Sialis KUa (unnamed larva) have streams and lentic habitats such as reservoirs and wetlands. been recorded (Weele, 1909, 1910; Doi, 1932, 1933; Kamijo, All examined materials, including the holotype of Sialis kore- 1933; Kimmins, 1954; Kuwayama, 1962; Yoon, 1988; Liu ana, n. sp., are deposited in the Entomological Museum of et al., 2006, 2007, 2008). Korea University (KU). The adults of Corydalidae can be easily distinguished from Adults were photographed with a digital camera (Nikkon those of Sialidae by the presence of ocelli, non-bilobed tar- D90, Japan) and genitalia were photographed and illustrated somere 4, and relatively large body size; the larvae of Siali- using a dissecting microscope with an image analyzer (Carl dae bear a terminal abdominal filament which is absent in Zeiss Discovery V12 with AxioCam I Cc 1, Germany). The Corydalidae (Whiting, 1994; Flint Jr. et al., 2008). tip of the abdomen was dissected and cleared with 10% KOH The order has entirely aquatic larvae that found in diverse for a few hours before examination, and then preserved in freshwater habitats. They generally have one or two year life microtube with glycerin. Morphological terminology gene- cycles, and the biology is well known from the larvae and rally follows Glorioso (1981) and Liu & Yang (2006a). Pro- adults (Evans, 1972; Dolin & Tarter, 1981; Elliott, 1996; vince abbreviations used in this study are as follows: GG, Hayashi, 1989, 1990, 1998). Most Coydalidae larvae occur Gyeonggi-do; GW, Gangwon-do; CB, Chungcheongbuk-do; in fast-flowing waters with substrates composed of gravel, CN, Chungcheongnam-do; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do. pebble, cobble, and large stones, whereas Sialidae larvae S.W. Jung & Y.J. Bae Taxonomic Accounts Family Corydalidae 뱀잠자리과 Subfamily Chauliodinae 얼룩뱀잠자리아과 Genus Neochauliodes Weele, 1909: 259 얼룩뱀잠자리속 Type species: Chauliodes sinensis Walker, 1853 Neochauliodes formosanus (Okamoto), 1910 (Fig. 1A) 얼룩뱀잠자리 Chauliodes formosanus Okamoto, 1910: 263. A Chauliodes kawarayamanus Okamoto, 1910: 262. Neochauliodes formosanus (Okamoto): Liu et al., 2007: 35. Diagnosis. Head subtriangular, entirely yellowish brown. Antennae pectinate in male, moniliform in female. Compound eyes prominent, gray in color. Ocelli present, yellow, with black marking. Wings hyaline, with many dark brown spots. Male sternum X strongly inflated apically in lateral view (Fig. 2B); basal margin V-shaped in ventral view (Fig. 2A). Female genitalia ventrally as in Fig. 2C and laterally as in Fig. 2D. B Material examined. 2�, ♀, CN, Gongju-si, Sagok-myeon, Unam-ri, Magoksa (Temple), 28.vii.1986, YJ Bae (KU); ♀, GG, Gapyeong-gun, Daeseong-ri, Sudongcheon (Stream), 9. vii.1993, YJ Bae (KU); ♀, GG, Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Dodae-ri, 28.v.1998, YJ Bae (KU); ♀, GW, Samcheok-si, Miro-myeon, Hwalgi-ri, 30.viii.2011, SW Jung (KU); ♀, GG, Yangpyeong-gun, Danwol-myeon, Bomun-ri, Bomung- yo (Bridge), 21.vii.2012, SW Jung (KU). Distribution. South Korea, China, Japan. Remarks. Neochauliodes formosanus (Okamoto) was report- ed from Korea for the first time by Liu et al. (2007), and this species is widely distributed in East Asia. C Neochauliodes koreanus Weele, 1909 고려뱀잠자리 Fig. 1. Habitus photographs of family Corydalidae. A, Neochauliodes Neochauliodes koreanus Weele, 1909: 261; Weele, 1910: formosanus (Okamoto), female; B, Parachauliodes asahinai Liu, 65; Doi, 1933: 94; Kimmins, 1954: 437; Kimmins, 1970: Hayashi & Yang, male; C, Protohermes xanthodes Navás, female. 356; Liu et al., 2007: 38. Distribution. Korea. paler one, labeled as Seoul, Korea, as holotype (=lectotype) Korean records. Seoul (South Korea), Gaeseong (North of N. koreanus (see Fig. 16 in Kimmins, 1954); on the other Korea). hand, he regarded the additional label “Hong Kong Peak, Remarks. Weele (1909) described Neochauliodes koreanus Happy Valley” placed in the paler one (Korean specimen) from two female adults (syntypes) from Korea and indicated was misplaced and it should belong to the darker Hong Kong the type deposition in the British Museum. Weele (1910) specimen which was also illustrated in Weele (1910: Pl. IV, redescribed N. koreanus using the same two female syntype Fig. 39). Kimmins (1954) also found a second darker speci- adults in the British Museum with citation of the paler one men in the McLachlan collection in the British Museum. labeled “Seoul, Korea, Hon. E. SCARLETT, Aug. 1900-351, Kimmins (1970) again provided information on the lectotype Happy Valley, Hong Kong Peak,” and the darker one with specimen, but listed it under the male (�) symbol. the only indication “Hong Kong, 97-261.” Kimmins (1954), Liu et al. (2007) reiterated Kimmins’ (1954) explanation of in the revision of the tribe Chauliodini (Megaloptera), reex- the type specimens but recognized the concept of this species amined the two syntype female adults and designated the based on the Kimmins’ (1954) darker specimen (as paratype) 4 Entomological Research Bulletin 28: 3-13 (2012) Korean Megaloptera AB CD Fig. 2. Neochauliodes formosanus. A, male genitalia, ventral view; B, male genitalia, lateral view; C, female genitalia, ventral view; D, female genitalia, lateral view. Scale bars=1 mm. as well as the type locality in Hong Kong. Liu et al. (2007) Parachauliodes asahinai Liu, Hayashi & Yang, 2008 considered the type locality of the lectotype specimen, Seoul, (Fig. 1B) 뱀잠자리붙이 Korea, is doubtful and excluded the locality from the distri- Parachauliodes asahinai Liu, Hayashi & Yang, 2008: 563. bution of this species. However, we find that the interpreta- tion of the species concept of N. koreanus by Liu et al. (2007) Diagnosis. Head subtriangular, yellowish brown with black is somewhat premature because the lectotype specimen des- mark dorsally. Antennae subserrate in male. Compound eyes ignated by Kimmins (1954) as well as the type locality must prominent, gray in color. Ocelli present, yellow, with black be considered to re-establish the species concept of this spec- marking. Wings slightly brownish color, narrowly elongated, ies prior to further interpretation of this species. Kimmins with indistinctly brownish spots. Male tergum X (Fig. 3) flat- (1954) did not designate paratype (=paralectotype) for the tened in dorsal view, with black spinous setae on dorsal and darker specimen from Hong Kong or for the second darker ventral lobes; median plate round apically. specimen; this darker specimen from Hong Kong can be Material examined. �, GG, Gapyeong-gun, Cheongpyeong- identified as the same species of N. koreanus or different myeon, Cheongpyeong-ri, Cheongpyeong dam at street light species after reexamination of the type specimens as well as near Bukhan River, 10.vi.1995, Y.J. Bae (KU); �, GG, Ga- the fresh materials from those two geographic areas. pyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Jeokmok-ri, 19.v.2012, SW Jung Neochauliodes koreanus was reported by Doi (1933) from and YJ Bae (KU). North Korea, but no specimens were available to confirm Distribution. South Korea, Japan. this report. Remarks. Parachauliodes asahinai was described by Liu et al. (2008) using adult material collected from Busan in South Genus Parachauliodes van der Weele, 1909: 257 Korea. This species was
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