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Kup 9783737608183.Pdf (8.032Mb) Neue Perspektiven Das Phänomen Münchhausen Stefan Howald und Bernhard Wiebel (Hrsg.) kassel university press Stefan Howald / Bernhard Wiebel (Hrsg.) Das Phänomen Münchhausen Schriftenreihe der Universitätsbibliothek Kassel – Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel Band 14 Stefan Howald / Bernhard Wiebel (Hrsg.) Das Phänomen Münchhausen Neue Perspektiven Kassel 2020 Die Drucklegung wurde ermöglicht durch die groß- zügige Unterstützung folgender Förderer: ??? ??? Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen National bibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb. ddb.de abrufbar. Kassel 2020 © kassel university press, Kassel Alle Rechte vorbehalten Titelillustration: August von Wille. Wie der Freiherr von Münchhausen nach dem Monde reiste und auf welchem Wege er zurückkehrte. 1856. Vorsatzillustration: Karte von der Stadt und Landschaft Lügenfeld. In: Magister Zacharias Boxhorn’s Reise nach Lügenfeld. Alethopel, gedruckt auf Kosten der Wahrheit. 1791. Umschlaggestaltung, Layout und Satz: Jochen Ebert, Kassel Druck und Verarbeitung: Prime Rate Kft., Budapest ISBN 978-3-7376-0818-3 (print) ISBN 978-3-7376-0819-0 (e-book) DOI: 10.17170/kobra-202003171086 Inhaltsverzeichnis 9 Geleitwort Axel Halle 11 Vorwort Stefan Howald / Bernhard Wiebel 17 Nächtlicher Besuch Harry Kämmerer 23 Münchhausen – kleines Verzeichnis auftretender Personen und anderes Bernhard Wiebel 27 Das »Wunder von Cassel« oder: münchhausisches Wetterleuchten in der hessischen Residenzstadt. Rudolf Erich Raspes Liebe zur Wahrheit, einige Lügen und ein Krieg mit spitzen Federn Andrea Linnebach Werke 49 Münchhausen: Erkenntnisgewinn und -kritik zwischen Fantasie, Lüge und Wissenschaft Melanie Beese 65 Einladung, die Welt – samt Gott! – als Fiktion zu betrachten. Zu Münchhausens sakrilegischen und blasphemischen Anwandlungen Martin Scharfe 89 Beobachtungen zu Gustave Dorés Interpretation der Münchhausen- Geschichten Norbert Schneider 111 Tereng! Tereng! teng! teng! Was der Postillion auf Münchhausens Posthorn geblasen hat Frieder von Ammon 5 Figuren 125 Das Phänomen Münchhausen. Porträt einer Forschungsbibliothek samt einiger Forschungsresultate Bernhard Wiebel 147 Hieronymus Carl Friedrich von Münchhausen – ein langes Leben Bernhard Wiebel 151 Gerüchte um ein Duell und ein Komplott. Georg Otto von Münchhausen, der Vater des Hieronymus von Münchhausen Otto Frhr. von Blomberg 161 »Vierzigjährige treue Dienste«. Christian Theophil Raspe (1700–1781), der Vater von Rudolf Erich Raspe Axel Wellner 167 Münchhausen schürft nicht – aber sein Autor Rudolf Erich Raspe Friedrich Frhr. Waitz von Eschen Umfeld 183 Literarische Lüge, Weltliteratur, Münchhausen Thomas Fries 199 Den gesunden Menschenverstand beschämen. Raspes Münchhausen übt die Aufklärung ein Laura Tarkka-Robinson 211 Das Münchhausen-Syndrom. Eine klinische Illustration zur notorischen Frage »Was ist Wahrheit?« Jürg Kesselring Varianten 221 Münchhausens Ritt durch die russische Geschichte Franziska Maag 235 Münchhausen im Land der Revolution zwischen Fiktion und Realität Thomas Grob / Dorothea Trottenberg 6 239 Münchhausens Rückkehr Sigismund Krzyżanowski 247 Exkursionen mit Baron B. Peter Weber Anhang 251 Abbildungsverzeichnis 255 Personenregister 260 Autorinnen und Autoren 7 Abb. 1: Heinrich Merté. Münchhausen schießt das Pferd vom Kirchturm, lässt sich von Enten nach Hause fliegen, jagt den Hirsch vom Vorjahr, fliegt auf einer Kanonenkugel, fängt einen Bären mit Honig und seilt sich ab vom Mond. 1882. 8 Geleitwort Rudolf Erich Raspe, der Autor des 1785 anonym erschienenen Münchhausen , steht, trotz seiner vergleichsweise kurzen Tätigkeit in Diensten der Land- grafschaft Hessen-Kassel, in vorderster Linie der bedeutenden Kasseler Bibliothekare des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts. Seit 1767 als Professor für Al- tertumswissenschaften am Collegium Carolinum und Kustos der landgräf- lichen Sammlungen tätig, wurde er Anfang 1771 zum zweiten Bibliothekar der Landesbibliothek ernannt. Die Bibliothek hat ihm trotz seiner kurzen, nur bis 1774 reichenden, Tätigkeit bedeutende Zugänge hochmittelalter- licher Handschriften aus dem Kloster Abdinghoven zu verdanken, die Raspe als Geschenke für seinen Dienstherrn Landgraf Friedrich II. von Hessen- Kassel im August 1773 vom Abt des Klosters erhielt. Als Raspe Anfang 1775 angesichts der bevorstehenden Aufdeckung sei- ner Unterschlagungen von bedeutenden Stücken der landgräflichen Münz- sammlung aus Kassel fliehen musste, ließ die landgräfliche Administration Raspes zurückgelassenen Hausrat und die Korrespondenz beschlagnah- men. Die raspesche Autographensammlung befindet sich heute in der Son- dersammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Kassel – Landesbibliothek und Murhardschen Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel. Es handelt sich um rund 1150 Briefe und Briefentwürfe mit etwa 190 Korrespondenzpartnern. Sie offen- baren einen umfassend interessierten und in vielen Themenkreisen ausge- wiesenen und gebildeten Wissenschaftler, der mit bedeutenden Personen (u. a. Franklin, Gatterer, Gleim, Herder, Heyne, Kästner, Michaelis, Nicolai) korrespondierte. Die Raspe-Forschung, die Raspe zwischenzeitlich dank der Arbeiten u. a. von Rudolf Hallo, Andrea Linnebach und Bernhard Wiebel vom Verdikt seiner Zeitgenossen wegen seines Münzdiebstahls befreit hat, findet hier eine reiche historische Quellenlage. Diese Originale sowie selte- ne Raspe-Drucke wurden inzwischen von der Universitätsbibliothek digi- talisiert, um den Münchhausen-Autor für die wissenschaftliche Rezeption leichter zugänglich zu machen. Angesichts der hervorragenden Quellenlage, die die Universitätsbib- liothek zum und über den Münchhausen-Verfasser Raspe hat, lag es für die Bibliothek nahe, Kontakt mit dem Münchhausenforscher Bernhard Wiebel und seiner Münchhausen-Bibliothek Zürich aufzunehmen, vermittelt über Andrea Linnebach. Inzwischen können wir auf mehr als zehn Jahre hervor- ragender, vertrauensvoller Zusammenarbeit zurückblicken. Bedeutende Erstausgaben und Auflagen aus der Wiebelschen Sammlung konnten in die- ser Zeit über das »Open Repository Kassel« (www.orka.de) der Öffentlichkeit 9 zur Verfügung gestellt werden; ein Raspe-Münchhausen-Digitalportal ist in Planung. Die Zusammenarbeit mit Bernhard Wiebel wird laufend fortgesetzt und sollte ihren Höhepunkt 2020 in einer großen Ausstellung zum Münch- hausenthema aus Anlass des 300. Geburtstages von Hieronymus Carl Friedrich Freiherr von Münchhausen münden. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Aus- stellung sollte die Züricher Sammlung stehen, ergänzt um die bedeuten- de Raspe-Sammlung der Universitätsbibliothek. Leider traten erhebliche bauliche Verzögerungen für den im Neubau des im historischen Gebäudes geplanten Ausstellungsraum ein, so dass diese Ausstellung leider abgesagt werden musste. Umso mehr freue ich mich, dass der zur Ausstellung von Bernhard Wiebel mit der Universitätsbibliothek Kassel geplante Begleit- band nun vorgelegt werden kann. Dr. Axel Halle Leitender Bibliotheksdirektor Universitätsbibliothek Kassel – Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel Frühjahr 2020 10 Vorwort Er kann mitten im Vorgarten landen und dabei den Gartenzwerg beschädi- gen. Volkstümliche Weisen kennt er ebenso wie zeitgenössische Marsch- musik. Zuweilen gibt er sich als Mann der Wissenschaft, ist sich aber auch für ein paar skatologische Witze und Blasphemien nicht zu schade. Ja, der Baron von Münchhausen ist eine vielschichtige Persönlichkeit. Dabei ist umstritten, wie man seine Entstehung verorten soll. Historische Person oder literarische Imagination? Zweifellos aber hat Münchhausen, nachdem er erstmals in Buchform aufgetreten war, bald ein weltweites Eigenleben entwickelt. Die Beschreibungen über seine Figur und deren Ge- schichten schwanken zwischen Burleske und Märchen, zwischen Groteske und Satire. Und über die Bücher hinaus hat sich ein ganzer Kosmos von Fragen zu Wahrheit und Lüge, Vorstellungskraft und Phantastik zum Phä- nomen Münchhausen kristallisiert. Solchen Themen geht dieser Sammelband nach. Er präsentiert unge- wohnte Zusammenhänge aus neuen Perspektiven. Er widmet sich sowohl der literarischen Schöpfung des Münchhausen als auch dessen literarischem Vater, Rudolf Erich Raspe, zudem am Rand dem realen Vorbild Hieronymus Carl Friedrich von Münchhausen. Den Auftakt macht Harry Kämmerer mit einem überraschenden nächt- lichen Besuch – den Abschluss Peter Weber mit einer Fuge. Andrea Lin- nebach rückt einleitend Rudolf Erich Raspe in die zeitgenössische Gelehr- tenrepublik. Hier tritt er in Erscheinung als Parteigänger von Lessing in einem öffentlichen akademischen, mit heftiger Polemik ausgefochtenen Streit. Unter dem Stichwort ›Kunst und Wissenschaft‹ sind Beiträge versam- melt, die sich mit einzelnen Aspekten des Kunstwerks Münchhausen be- fassen. Melanie Beese zeigt auf, wie die aufstrebenden Naturwissenschaf- ten ihren Niederschlag in den Münchhausen- Erzählungen finden. Martin Scharfe geht in seinem Beitrag blasphemischen oder schlüpfrigen Passagen im Münchhausen nach und belegt, wie das Buch als Bestandteil der Auf- klärung Religionskritik transportiert. Frieder von Ammon entwickelt die These, dass das Abenteuer mit den gefrorenen und aufgetauten Tönen eine Präfiguration der Möglichkeit darstellt, Töne zu konservieren. Die bekann- testen Illustrationen des Münchhausen stammen von Gustave Doré, verbrei- tet in unzähligen Ausgaben und in zahlreichen Ländern der Welt. Norbert Schneider dokumentiert, wie Dorés Holzschnitte die
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