DOCSLIB.ORG

An Environmental Streamflow Assessment for the Santiam River Basin, Oregon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Environmental Streamflow Assessment for the Santiam River Basin, Oregon An Environmental Streamflow Assessment for the Santiam River Basin, Oregon By John C. Risley, J. Rose Wallick, Joseph F. Mangano, and Krista L. Jones Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Open-File Report 2012–1133 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: North Santiam River downstream from Detroit Lake near Niagara at about river mile 57. (Photograph by Casey Lovato, U.S. Geological Survey, June 2011.) ` Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers An Environmental Streamflow Assessment for the Santiam River Basin, Oregon By John C. Risley, J. Rose Wallick, Joseph F. Mangano, and Krista L. Jones Open-File Report 2012–1133 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Risley, J.C., Wallick, J.R., Mangano, J.F., and Jones, K.F, 2012, An environmental streamflow assessment for the Santiam River basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1133, 60 p. plus appendixes. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. ii Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Scope of the Study ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose of the Report ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Description of the Study Area .................................................................................................................................... 4 Study Framework ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Streamflow Regulation ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Previous Santiam River basin Studies ......................................................................................................................10 Environmental Regulatory Issues .............................................................................................................................11 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................................12 Streamflow Data .......................................................................................................................................................12 Measured and Estimated Streamflow ....................................................................................................................12 Computed Unregulated Streamflow ......................................................................................................................14 Computed Regulated Streamflow ..........................................................................................................................14 Bankfull Discharge Estimation Methods ....................................................................................................................14 Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration ............................................................................................................................16 Water-Use Compilation .............................................................................................................................................18 North Santiam River ..............................................................................................................................................18 South Santiam River .............................................................................................................................................18 Main-Stem Santiam River......................................................................................................................................19 Pre- and Post-Dam Comparisons .............................................................................................................................19 Streamflow Assessment ...............................................................................................................................................20 North Santiam River ..................................................................................................................................................21 South Santiam River .................................................................................................................................................32 Main-Stem Santiam River .........................................................................................................................................39 Geomorphic and Ecological Synopsis ..........................................................................................................................43 Geomorphic Characteristics of Study Reaches .........................................................................................................44 North Santiam River Channel Morphology ............................................................................................................44 South Santiam River Channel Morphology............................................................................................................47 Main-Stem Santiam River Channel Morphology ....................................................................................................49 Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitats and Key Species ....................................................................................................50 Potential Geomorphic and Ecological Response to Environmental Flow Releases ..................................................51 Future Studies ..............................................................................................................................................................52 Streamflow Data and Analysis ..................................................................................................................................53 Bed-Material Transport Rates and Sediment Budget ................................................................................................53 Detailed Channel and Flood-Plain Morphology Assessment ....................................................................................54 Terrestrial and Aquatic Responses ...........................................................................................................................54 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................55 Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................................................................57 References Cited ..........................................................................................................................................................57 Appendix A. Streamflow Data Time-Series Extension ..................................................................................................61 Appendix B. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Computed Unregulated Streamflow Data Time Series ............................61 Appendix C. Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration Results ...............................................................................................66 Appendix D. Description of Study Reaches ..................................................................................................................66 iii Figures Figure 1. Map showing major streams and dams in the Santiam River basin, Oregon. ................................................ 3 Figure 2. Diagram showing profile of the Santiam River basin, Oregon. ....................................................................... 4 Figure 3. Map showing geology of the Santiam River basin, Oregon ........................................................................... 5 Figure 4. Map showing location of study reaches, Santiam River, Oregon.. ................................................................. 7 Figure 5. Diagram showing dams and selected streamflow gaging stations in the Santiam River basin, Oregon.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A History of the Kokanee in Detroit Reservoir J. J
    A HISTORY OF THE KOKANEE IN DETROIT RESERVOIR By J. J. Wetherbee, District Fishery Biologist Data on trapping and spawning by: W. C. Wingfield, Superintendent, Roaring River Hatchery Scale analysis by: F. H. Sumner, Scale analyst, Oregon Game Commission 1965 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Introduction 1 II. Environment and Food Habits 1 III. Stocking 4 IV. Sport Fishery 5 V. Spawning Runs 7 VI. Egg-Take Operation 10 VII. Spawning Habits and Propagation 16 VIII. Age and Growth 19 IX. Future Outlook for Kokanee Populations in Detroit Reservoir 21 X. Considerations for Future Management of Kokanee 22 I INTRODUCTION Kokanee were originally stocked in Detroit Reservoir in 11959. This species was introduced in hopes that it would utilize pelagiczoo plankton and provide a more varied sport fishery. The trout fishery in the reservoir depends primarily on heavy plants of legal-sized rainbow trout, supplemented by stocking fingerling rainbow. As the introduction of the kokanee has been somewhat successful in this fluctuating impoundment, a compilation of all known biologi- cal data would be of interest and aid in the future management of this species. II ENVIRONMENT AND FOOD HABITS Detroit is a multi-purpose reservoir maintained by the Corps of Engineers and contains 3,580 surfaceacres at full pool and 1,250 acres at minimum pool. Elevation is 1,569 feet at full pool. An annual drawdown of about 1)40 feet is usually accomplished by December 1. The reservoir is normally maintained at full pool from May to SepteMber. As Detroit is subjected to extreme fluctuations and is character- ized by a steeply sloping shoreline, it cannot be classedas a productive water.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evaluation of Spring Chinook Salmon Reintroductions Above Detroit Dam, North Santiam River, Using Genetic Pedigree Analysis P
    AN EVALUATION OF SPRING CHINOOK SALMON REINTRODUCTIONS ABOVE DETROIT DAM, NORTH SANTIAM RIVER, USING GENETIC PEDIGREE ANALYSIS Prepared for: U. S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS PORTLAND DISTRICT – WILLAMETTE VALLEY PROJECT 333 SW First Ave. Portland, Oregon 97204 Prepared by: Kathleen G. O’Malley1, Melissa L. Evans1, Marc A. Johnson1,2, Dave Jacobson1, and Michael Hogansen2 1Oregon State University Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station Hatfield Marine Science Center 2030 SE Marine Science Drive Newport, Oregon 97365 2Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Upper Willamette Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation Corvallis Research Laboratory 28655 Highway 34 Corvallis, Oregon 97333 SUMMARY For approximately two decades, hatchery-origin (HOR) spring Chinook salmon have been released (“outplanted”) above Detroit Dam on the North Santiam River. Here we used genetic parentage analysis to evaluate the contribution of salmon outplants to subsequent natural-origin (NOR) salmon recruitment to the river. Despite sampling limitations encountered during several years of the study, we were able to determine that most NOR salmon sampled in 2013 (59%) and 2014 (66%) were progeny of outplanted salmon. We were also able to estimate fitness, a cohort replacement rate (CRR), and the effective number of breeders (Nb) for salmon outplanted above Detroit Dam in 2009. On average, female fitness was ~5× (2.72:0.52 progeny) that of males and fitness was highly variable among individuals (range: 0-20 progeny). It is likely that the highly skewed male:female sex ratio (~6:1) among outplanted salmon limited reproductive opportunities for males in 2009. The CRR was 1.07, as estimated from female replacement.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species Act Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens
    UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NA TIO NAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE 1201 NE Lloyd Boulevard. SUite 1100 PORT LAND, OREGON 97232·1274 January 11 , 2013 Lorri Lee Pacific Northwest Regional Director U .S. Bureau ofReclamation 1160 North Curtis Road, Suite 100 Boise, Idaho 83706-1234 Re: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's Odessa Subarea Modified Partial Groundwater Replacement Project. (NWR-2012-9371) Dear Ms. Lee: Enclosed is the Endangered Species Act (ESA) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA) Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) Consultation prepared by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) regarding the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's (Reclamation) Odessa Subarea Modified Partial Groundwater Replacement Project on the Colwnbia River in Adams, Lincoln, Franklin and Grant Counties, Washington. NMFS received a final biological assessment (BA) from Reclamation on November 6, 2012. Reclamation's BA determined that Columbia River chum salmon were likely to be adversely affected by the proposed action, 12 other species ofESA listed salmon and steelhead would not likely be adversely affected by the proposed action, and that Pacific eulachon, green sturgeon, and southern resident killer whales would not likely be adversely affected by the proposed action. NMFS disagreed with Reclamation's "Not Likely
    [Show full text]
  • Timing of In-Water Work to Protect Fish and Wildlife Resources
    OREGON GUIDELINES FOR TIMING OF IN-WATER WORK TO PROTECT FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES June, 2008 Purpose of Guidelines - The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, (ODFW), “The guidelines are to assist under its authority to manage Oregon’s fish and wildlife resources has updated the following guidelines for timing of in-water work. The guidelines are to assist the the public in minimizing public in minimizing potential impacts to important fish, wildlife and habitat potential impacts...”. resources. Developing the Guidelines - The guidelines are based on ODFW district fish “The guidelines are based biologists’ recommendations. Primary considerations were given to important fish species including anadromous and other game fish and threatened, endangered, or on ODFW district fish sensitive species (coded list of species included in the guidelines). Time periods were biologists’ established to avoid the vulnerable life stages of these fish including migration, recommendations”. spawning and rearing. The preferred work period applies to the listed streams, unlisted upstream tributaries, and associated reservoirs and lakes. Using the Guidelines - These guidelines provide the public a way of planning in-water “These guidelines provide work during periods of time that would have the least impact on important fish, wildlife, and habitat resources. ODFW will use the guidelines as a basis for the public a way of planning commenting on planning and regulatory processes. There are some circumstances where in-water work during it may be appropriate to perform in-water work outside of the preferred work period periods of time that would indicated in the guidelines. ODFW, on a project by project basis, may consider variations in climate, location, and category of work that would allow more specific have the least impact on in-water work timing recommendations.
    [Show full text]
  • 3. Named Rivers, Creeks, Peaks, Other Landmarks, and Destinations There Are Portions of Two Named Rivers (South Santiam and Blue
    20 3. Named Rivers, Creeks, Peaks, Other Landmarks, and Destinations There are portions of two named rivers (South Santiam and Blue) and major headwater tributaries of four others (Middle Santiam, Calapooia, Smith and McKenzie) within the study area. These six rivers are fed by dozens of named creeks, springs, lakes, and ponds, and contain dozens of other named landmarks within their drainages (see Appendix A); also within the study boundaries. Peaks, creeks, springs, caves, ridgelines and other named landscape features can serve as destinations, aids, impediments, or barriers to travel, depending on time and circumstance. People traveling by foot are more apt to notice (and name) a particularly dangerous creek crossing, for example, than someone traveling by automobile and crossing at the same location on a four-lane highway bridge. Each of the 32 named trail segments (see Part 4; Appendix B) that was determined to be a likely principal Molalla trade and travel routes, has a discrete beginning and ending point that can be mapped and measured. Further, each of these segments link with one another as to form efficient routes between all primary destination points known to be within, and adjacent to, the study area. By using these criteria, and by eliminating duplication and secondary routes wherever possible, it became apparent that six areas in particular were key destination or meeting points for purposes of travel, trade, hunting, gathering, processing, and/or product manufacturing: Cascadia; South Santiam Prairie Complex; Owl Creek-Swamp Mountain; Bear Pass; Wolf Rock; and Latiwi Mountain (see Maps 5, 6, and 7). All major foot-trail routes in the study area connect directly with each of these six areas, all of which have good options for traveling to key locations outside the study area as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing Dam Feasibility in the Willamette River Watershed
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 6-8-2017 Analyzing Dam Feasibility in the Willamette River Watershed Alexander Cameron Nagel Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Geography Commons, Hydrology Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Nagel, Alexander Cameron, "Analyzing Dam Feasibility in the Willamette River Watershed" (2017). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4012. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5896 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Analyzing Dam Feasibility in the Willamette River Watershed by Alexander Cameron Nagel A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geography Thesis Committee: Heejun Chang, Chair Geoffrey Duh Paul Loikith Portland State University 2017 i Abstract This study conducts a dam-scale cost versus benefit analysis in order to explore the feasibility of each the 13 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) commissioned dams in Oregon’s Willamette River network. Constructed between 1941 and 1969, these structures function in collaboration to comprise the Willamette River Basin Reservoir System (WRBRS). The motivation for this project derives from a growing awareness of the biophysical impacts that dam structures can have on riparian habitats. This project compares each of the 13 dams being assessed, to prioritize their level of utility within the system.
    [Show full text]
  • Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Former Morse Brothers Quarry 2903 Green River Road Sweet Home, Oregon
    Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Former Morse Brothers Quarry 2903 Green River Road Sweet Home, Oregon November 20052011 Project Number 2011230034 Cascade Earth Sciences 3511 Pacific Boulevard SW Albany, OR 97321 (541) 926-7737 www.cascade-earth.com CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ V 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF SERVICES .................................................................1 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................1 2.1 Location and Legal Description ........................................................................................... 1 2.2 Site Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 1 2.2.1 Description of Site .................................................................................................... 2 2.2.2 Improvements and Utilities ...................................................................................... 2 2.2.3 Roads and Easements ............................................................................................... 2 2.2.4 Zoning ....................................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Surrounding Property Characteristics .................................................................................. 3 2.3.1 Northern Boundary
    [Show full text]
  • South Santiam Hatchery
    SOUTH SANTIAM HATCHERY PROGRAM MANAGEMENT PLAN 2020 South Santiam Hatchery/Foster Adult Collection Facility INTRODUCTION South Santiam Hatchery is located on the South Santiam River just downstream from Foster Dam, 5 miles east of downtown Sweet Home. The facility is at an elevation of 500 feet above sea level, at latitude 44.4158 and longitude -122.6725. The site area is 12.6 acres, owned by the US Army Corps of Engineers and is used for egg incubation and juvenile rearing. The hatchery currently receives water from Foster Reservoir. A total of 8,400 gpm is available for the rearing units. An additional 5,500 gpm is used in the large rearing pond. All rearing ponds receive single-pass water. ODFW has no water right for water from Foster Reservoir, although it does state in the Cooperative agreement between the USACE and ODFW that the USACE will provide adequate water to operate the facility. The Foster Dam Adult Collection Facility was completed in July of 2014 which eliminated the need to transport adults to and hold brood stock at South Santiam Hatchery. ODFW took over operations of the facility in April of 2014. The new facility consists of an office/maintenance building, pre-sort pool, fish sorting area, 5 long term post-sort pools, 4 short term post-sort pools, and a water-to-water fish-to-truck loading system. Adult fish collection, adult handling, out planting, recycling, spawning, carcass processing, and brood stock holding will take place at Foster The Foster Dam Adult Collection Facility is located about 2 miles east of Sweet Home, Oregon at the base of Foster Dam along the south shore of the South Santiam River at RM 37.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Santiam Wilderness Air Quality Report, 2012
    Middle Santiam Wilderness Air Quality Report Wilderness ID: 216 Wilderness Name: Middle Santiam Wilderness Middle Santiam Wilderness Air Quality Report National Forest: Willamette National Forest State: OR Counties: Linn General Location: Central Oregon Cascade Range Acres: 8,900 Thursday, May 17, 2012 Page 1 of 4 Middle Santiam Wilderness Air Quality Report Wilderness ID: 216 Wilderness Name: Middle Santiam Wilderness Wilderness Categories Information Specific to this Wilderness Year Established 1984 Establishment Notes Oregon Wilderness Act of 1984 Designation Clean Air Act Class 2 Administrative Willamette National Forest Unique Landscape Features Mature old-growth trees shadow virtually all of this Wilderness, with Douglas fir, western red cedar, and western hemlock at lower elevations and true firs higher up. Some of the trees, estimated to be 450 years old, tower to more than 200 feet. Gently sloping, benchy terrain in the lower country starts at about 1,600 feet and rises to steep slopes, ridges, and peaks that reach 5,022 feet above sea level. The most prominent geological feature is 4,965-foot Chimney Peak, a lava plug in the northwestern portion. The Middle Santiam River flows through the area, slowing into quiet pools with mossy banks. Both the river and Donaca Lake teem with native fish, including chinook salmon during spawning season. Not far to the south lies Menagerie Wilderness. Four seldom-hiked trails provide access routes to the area: McQuade Creek (5.2 miles); Chimney Peak (12.7 miles); and Gordan Peak (6.1 miles), and Swamp Peak (6.1 miles). Lakebed Geology Sensitivity High Lakebed Geology Composition andesite dacite diorite phylite (68%), basalt gabbro wacke argillite undifferentiated volcanic rocks (20%), amphibolite hornfels paragneiss undifferentiated metamorphic roc (12%), GC 1+2 (68%), GC 1+2+3 (88%), GC 4+5+6 (12%) Visitor Use Not reported in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • South Santiam Subbasin Tmdl
    Willamette Basin TMDL: South Santiam Subbasin September 2006 CHAPTER 9: SOUTH SANTIAM SUBBASIN TMDL Table of Contents WATER QUALITY SUMMARY....................................................................................... 2 Reason for action .........................................................................................................................................................2 Water Quality 303(d) Listed Waterbodies ................................................................................................................3 Water Quality Parameters Addressed.......................................................................................................................3 Who helped us..............................................................................................................................................................4 SUBBASIN OVERVIEW ................................................................................................. 5 Watershed Descriptions ..............................................................................................................................................6 Crabtree Creek Watershed.........................................................................................................................................6 Hamilton Creek / South Santiam River Watershed...................................................................................................6 Middle Santiam River Watershed .............................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Breitenbush Hot Springs PWS #4193461
    Updated Source Water Assessment Breitenbush Hot Springs PWS #4193461 December 2018 Prepared for: Breitenbush Hot Springs Prepared by: Department of Environmental Quality Agency Headquarters 700 NE Multnomah Street, Suite 600 Kate Brown, Governor Portland, OR 97232 (503) 229-5696 FAX (503) 229-6124 TTY 711 December 20, 2018 Brad Cleary, System Operator Breitenbush Hot Springs PO Box 578 Detroit, OR 97342 Re: Updated Source Water Assessment for PWS # 4193461 Dear Mr. Cleary, On behalf of the Oregon Health Authority (OHA), the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is pleased to provide your community with important information in this Updated Source Water Assessment. The updated assessment is intended to provide information and resources to assist you and your community to implement local drinking water protection efforts. Since the first source water assessments were completed in 2005, state agencies have significantly expanded analytical capabilities, including more detailed data for analyzing natural characteristics and potential pollutant sources. DEQ is currently completing the updated assessments for surface water systems and OHA is updating the groundwater system assessments. As you know, assuring safe drinking water depends on public water suppliers implementing multiple successful practices. First, protect the drinking water source. Second, practice effective water treatment. Third, conduct regular monitoring for contaminants to assure safety. Fourth, protect the distribution system piping and finished water storage from recontamination. Finally, practice competent water system operation, maintenance, and construction. These practices are collectively called “multiple barrier public health protection”. Source water protection is an important first step because starting with the best possible quality source water helps assure that water treatment can be effective at all times.
    [Show full text]
  • Willamette Valley Voices: Connecting Generations
    Willamette Valley Voices: Connecting Generations A publication of the Willamette Heritage Center at The Mill Digital Proofer Editor: Keni Sturgeon, Willamette Heritage Center Editorial board: Willamette Valley Vo... Hannah Marshall, Western Oregon University Authored by Willamette Heritag... Duke Morton, Western Oregon University 7.0" x 10.0" (17.78 x 25.40 cm) Jeffrey Sawyer, Western Oregon University Black & White on White paper Amy Vandegrift, Willamette Heritage Center 78 pages ISBN-13: 9781478201755 ISBN-10: 1478201754 Please carefully review your Digital Proof download for formatting, grammar, and design issues that may need to be corrected. We recommend that you review your book three times, with each time focusing on a different aspect. Check the format, including headers, footers, page 1 numbers, spacing, table of contents, and index. 2 Review any images or graphics and captions if applicable. 3 Read the book for grammatical errors and typos. Once you are satisfied with your review, you can approve your proof and move forward to the next step in the publishing process. To print this proof we recommend that you scale the PDF to fit the size © 2012 Willamette Heritage Center at The Mill of your printer paper. Willamette Valley Voices: Connecting Generations is published biannually – summer and winter – by the Willamette Heritage Center at The Mill, 1313 Mill Street SE, Salem, OR 97301. Nothing in the journal may be reprinted in whole or part without written permission from the publisher. Direct inquiries to Curator, Willamette Heritage Center, 1313 Mill Street SE, Salem, OR 97301 or email [email protected]. www.willametteheritage.org Willamette Valley Voices: Connecting Generations In This Issue A Journal of Willamette Valley History This edition of Willamette Valley Voices: Connecting Generations is the first of the Willamette Volume 1 Summer 2012 Number 1 Heritage Center’s new biannual publication.
    [Show full text]