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China's Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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China's Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development China’s Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2019) Ministry of Foreign Aff airs of the People’s Republic of China September 2019 2030 1 9/14/2019 1:51:43 AM 2030 2 9/14/2019 1:51:43 AM Contents I. Executive Summary..........................................................................................1 II. Implementation Progress Goal 1 End poverty in all its forms everywhere ..............................................4 Goal 2 End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture ..........................................................9 Goal 3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages ........14 Goal 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education, and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all .................................................19 Goal 5 Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls .............25 Goal 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all .................................................................................29 Goal 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all .....................................................................................33 Goal 8 Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all ...................37 Goal 9 Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation ...............................................42 Goal 10 Reduce inequalities within and among countries ............................47 Goal 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable ......................................................................................51 Goal 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns .............55 Goal 13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts ........59 Goal 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development ..........................................63 Goal 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification and halt and 2030 3 9/14/2019 1:51:44 AM reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss ........................68 Goal 16 Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels ......................................................73 Goal 17 Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development .......................................78 III. Typical Cases in Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ............................................................................83 i. Precise Poverty Alleviation ........................................................................84 ii. Innovation-Driven Development ...............................................................93 iii. Ecological Civilisation ............................................................................100 iv. Revitalising Rural China ........................................................................110 v. Belt and Road Cooperation ....................................................................117 2030 4 9/14/2019 1:51:44 AM China’s Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2019) Executive Summary In September 2015, President Xi Jinping attended the UN Sustainable Development Summit and joined other world leaders to adopt Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which opened a new era for the undertaking of global sustainable development and charted the course for national development and international development cooperation. China attaches great importance to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and has taken the lead in releasing China’s National Plan on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and a progress report. The country aligns implementation of the agenda with medium- and long-term national development strategies such as the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China to promote balanced economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress. Upholding the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, China concentrates on promoting quality development and has accelerated domestic implementation of the 2030 Agenda with a view to achieving “early harvest” on a number of sustainable development goals. The precise poverty alleviation strategy has produced remarkable results. The strategy is aimed at precision in identifying the target population, arranging appropriate projects, using funds, taking measures specific to poor households, selecting and designating the right officials to help specific villages and producing the desired outcomes. From the end of 2015 to the end of 2018, the number of people living in poverty in rural areas decreased from 55.75 million to 16.6 million, poverty incidence dropped from 5.7% to 1.7% and per capita disposable income of rural residents in poverty-stricken areas increased from RMB 7,653 to RMB 10,371. With increased precision in identifying the target population, people’s livelihood has been further improved on the whole. The macro-economic performance has been stable. The gross domestic product (GDP) reached RMB 90.03 trillion in 2018, up by 6.6% year on year. A total of 13.61 million new urban jobs were created and the surveyed unemployment rate remained at a relatively low level of around 5%. China vigorously implements the innovation-driven development strategy. In 2018, the total research and development expenditure reached 2.18% of the GDP 1 2030 1 9/14/2019 1:02:25 AM China’s Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2019) and major innovation results kept emerging. The economic structure has been continuously optimized, with emerging industries developing vigorously, traditional sectors experiencing accelerated transformation and upgrading, infrastructures throughout the country improved in an all-round way and headway being made in building Innovation Demonstration Zones for the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. All-round progress has been made in all social undertakings. China is making steady progress towards the health-related sustainable development goal and targets. From 2015 to 2018, maternal mortality rate dropped from 20.1 per 100,000 to 18.3 per 100,000 and infant mortality rate from 8.1‰ to 6.1‰. China now appears in the mid-to-top range of world education rankings, with access to education reaching the average level of upper- middle-income countries. The environment for equal development of both genders continues improving and the proportion of women in decision- making and management continues increasing. The public legal service system has been further developed and remarkable results have been achieved in building a government under rule of law. Landslide victories have been won in the fight against corruption. The ecological environment has been continuously improving. Adhering to the concept of green development in an all-round way, the Chinese government has promoted development of low-carbon industries and strengthened domestic actions in response to climate change. In 2018, energy intensity and carbon dioxide emissions decreased by 3.1% and 4.0% respectively over the previous year. The government has comprehensively advanced air pollution control. In 2018, 338 cities at prefecture level or above nationwide enjoyed 79.3% of days with good air quality on average, up 1.3 percentage points year on year. The strictest water resources management system has been implemented, leading to sustained improvement of the water environment throughout the country. Further progress has been made in green agricultural development, major ecological conservation and restoration projects are going on smoothly and forest coverage and forest growing stock continue increasing. International development cooperation has been effectively advanced. China firmly upholds multilateralism and the international system with the United Nations at the center. It has been actively promoting an open world economy and a new type of international relations and deeply involved in international development cooperation. China has also been actively 2 2030 2 9/14/2019 1:02:25 AM China’s Progress Report on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2019) advancing international cooperation within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. By the end of July 2019, the Chinese government had signed 195 cooperation documents with 136 countries and 30 international organizations, thus making important contributions to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda by the relevant countries. China also actively promotes South-South cooperation and provides assistance within our capacity for other developing countries towards the Sustainable Development Goals through such platforms as the China-UN Peace and Development Fund and the South- South Cooperation Assistance Fund as well as bilateral channels. To map and assess its implementation of the 2030 Agenda in a timely manner and provide useful information
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