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History and Politics of Transportation in the United States
History and Politics of Transportation in the United States Transportation has always shaped development. It has been a major factor in the growth of the United States from the earliest days of settlement. The location and the success of a city depended on its proximity to the various transportation systems of the era. In each new phase, cooperation between government and private entrepreneurs was always the key to the success of the enterprise. In many cases, one mode was favored over another with politics and even corruption playing a major role in determining the choices of modes and the shape of development patterns. This paper will provide background materials to help instructors understand the basic historical and political factors behind the growth of transportation systems in the United States. Supplemental fact sheets will provide specific information and quotes and statistics on economic, environmental, health and safety factors related to transportation. WATER TRANSPORTATION In the early days of the United States, as the country grew in size and population, the need for an efficient transportation system linking the coastal cities with the rich agricultural interior countryside became more and more pressing. The first significant progress in national transportation was river steamboat navigation, pioneered by Fulton and Livingston on the Hudson and Henry Miller Shreve on the Mississippi. Steam navigation cut the time of a journey between New York and Albany by two thirds. The second major improvement was canal construction. Prominent people in New York who supported the building of the Erie Canal included Stephen Van Rensselaer III. The Erie Canal, which linked the Hudson River to Lake Erie, was opened in 1825 and its impact on the economic development of New York City and the hin- terland was huge. -
Request for Proposal
Request For Washington Proposal Metropolitan Area Transit Authority Procurement of Heavy-Duty Transit Low Floor 40 Foot Compressed Natural Gas Buses 40 Foot Hybrid/Electric Buses 60 Foot Hybrid/Electric Articulated Buses TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION PART V RFP NO. FQ12269/JWW WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY SUPPLY AND SERVICE CONTRACT RFP FQ12269/JWW TABLE OF CONTENTS WMATA/ADA REQUIREMENTS FOR HEAVY DUTY TRANSIT BUSES ...................................... 1 WMATA E&D REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSIT BUSES IN ACCORDANCE WITH AMERICAN WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA) PROVISIONS ......................................................... 2 I. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 2 II. DEFINITIONS.......................................................................................................................................... 2 III. REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................................................... 2 5.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................................. 8 5.1.1 SCOPE ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 5.1.2 DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 9 5.1.3 -
Bus Advertising Proposals
Use local bus advertising to effectively build awareness and footfall to Hoburne Holiday Parks Exterion Media - Who We Are London Underground & DLR 2 million people travel into Zone 1 daily National Bus 5.2billion passenger journeys per year in the UK London Bus 2.3 billion annual journeys National Rail & Tram 1.26 billion passenger journeys every year The Cities of Westfield Average combined monthly footfall is 5.5 million Why is Outdoor growing? Outdoor Radio Press More people are spending time out People increasing listen to non In the last year alone Press of home than ever before – commercial radio readership has fallen by 3% 70% of waking hours out of Increasing number of local stations People have less time to spend home giving people more choice and reading daily papers Ability to talk to them on mediums reducing listenership that are not intrusive Source: NRS, JICREG, RAJAR Delivering unparalleled coverage in Bournemouth %coverage In 1 week alone, more consumers in Bournemouth see Bus advertising compared BUS to Press, Radio and regular viewers of ITV1. Why splash the cash on a Press, Radio or even a TV campaign, when you can reach + more consumers with Bus advertising. Sources: TGI, RAJAR, JICREG Newspaper coverage based on % average issue readership in city OTS OTS OTH location. Radio coverage based on % weekly reach in transmission 3.95 area. 1.87 3.21 Regular ITV1 viewers based on medium to heavy weight of viewing, watching for 2 to 4 hours per day. • Buses deliver a high impact, large format version of a Press advert. -
January–June 2005 · $10.00 / Rails To
January–June 2005 · $10.00 / Rails to Rubber to Rails Again, Part 1: Alabama–Montana Headlights The Magazine of Electric Railways Published since 1939 by the Electric Railroaders’ Association, Inc. WWW.ERAUSA.ORG Staff Contents Editor and Art Director January–June 2005 Sandy Campbell Associate Editors Raymond R. Berger, Frank S. Miklos, John Pappas Contributors Edward Ridolph, Trevor Logan, Bill Volkmer, Columns Alan K. Weeks 2 News Electric Railroaders’ Compiled by Frank Miklos. International transportation reports. Association, Inc. E Two-Part Cover Story Board of Directors 2008 President 18 Rails to Rubber to Rails Again Frank S. Miklos By Edward Ridolph. An extensive 60-year summary of the street railway industry in First Vice President the U.S. and Canada, starting with its precipitous 30-year, post-World War II decline. William K. Guild It continues with the industry’s rebirth under the banner of “light rail” in the early Second Vice President & Corresponding Secretary 1980s, a renaissance which continues to this day. Raymond R. Berger Third Vice President & Recording Secretary Robert J. Newhouser Below: LAMTA P3 3156 is eastbound across the First Street bridge over the Los Treasurer Angeles River in the waning weeks of service before abandonment of Los Angeles’ Michael Glikin narrow gauge system on March 31, 1963. GERALD SQUIER PHOTO Director Jeffrey Erlitz Membership Secretary Sandy Campbell Officers 2008 Trip & Convention Chairman Jack May Librarian William K. Guild Manager of Publication Sales Raymond R. Berger Overseas Liason Officer James Mattina National Headquarters Grand Central Terminal, New York City A-Tower, Room 4A Mailing Address P.O. -
Cta 2016 Historical Calendar Cta 2016 January
cta 2016 Historical Calendar cta 2016 January Chicago Motor Coach Company (CMC) bus #434, manufactured by the Ford Motor Company, was part of a fleet of buses operated by the Chicago Motor Coach Company, one of the predecessor transit companies that were eventually assimilated into the Chicago Transit Authority. The CMC originally operated buses exclusively on the various park boulevards in Chicago, and became known by the marketing slogan, “The Boulevard Route.” Later, service was expanded to operate on some regular streets not served by the Chicago Surface Lines, particularly on the fringes of the city. Chicagoans truly wanted a unified transit system, and it was for this reason that the Chicago Transit Authority was established by charter in 1945. The CMC was not one of the initial properties purchased that made up CTA’s inaugural services on October 1, 1947; however, it was bought by CTA in 1952. D E SABCDEFG: MDecember 2015 T February 2016 W T F S CTA Operations Division S M T W T F S S M T W T F S Group Days Off 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 t Alternate day off if you 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 work on this day 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 l Central offices closed 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 31 28 29 1New Year’s Day 2 E F G A B C D 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 D E F G A B C 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 C D E F G A B 17 18Martin Luther King, Jr. -
ADVERTISING RATE SHEET Bus Exteriors Advertising Contracts Run in 30-Day Increments and Can Begin on the 1St Or the 15Th of the Month
ADVERTISING RATE SHEET Bus Exteriors Advertising contracts run in 30-day increments and can begin on the 1st or the 15th of the month. Rates do not include Champaign-Urbana Mass Transit District production of the ads; MTD needs to receive the ads ready for posting. The 60-foot bus fleet is not routinely used May15- Contact: Lisa Meid, Communications Director August 15, so advertising is not sold on these buses during those months. Ask about advertising on MTD’s STOPwatch 217.384.8188 [email protected] real-time information kiosks, on the MTD website, and in the Maps and Schedules book. MTD’s partner Commuter Advertising offers on-board, geotargted audio advertising options. EXTERIOR BUS ADVERTISING 40-Foot Bus Rates (rate is for one exterior space per 30 days) 40-Foot Streetside King (144”W X 30”H) 30-Day Rate per Ad Unit 30 or 60 Days 90-150 Days 180-330 Days 360 Days+ 1 $125 $120 $115 $110 40-Foot Curbside Queen (88”W X 30”H) 30-Day Rate per Ad Unit 30 or 60 Days 90-150 Days 180-330 Days 360 Days+ 1 $115 $110 $105 $100 40-Foot Taillight (66”W X 21”H) 30-Day Rate per Ad Unit 30 or 60 Days 90-150 Days 180-330 Days 360 Days+ 1 $125 $120 $115 $110 40-Foot Petite Tail (66”W X 15”H) - These small tails are found on MTD’s 2013 and newer 40-foot Hybrid Buses 30-Day Rate per Ad Unit 30 or 60 Days 90-150 Days 180-330 Days 360 Days+ 1 $90 $85 $80 $75 60-Foot Articulated Bus Rates (rate is for any one exterior space per 30 days) 30-Day Rate per Ad Unit 30 or 60 Days 90-150 Days 180-240 Days 1 $250 $245 $240 Curbside A Curbside B 66” W x 21”H 66”W x 21”H door 1 door 2 door 3 Exterior Advertising Locations and Dimensions NOTE: Drawing shows relative positions of rear front 60-foot exterior advertising space Articulated Buses Taillight only. -
Transit Advertisin Transit Advertising
Transit AdvertisinAdvertising We’re Going Places! Bus Wraps Interior Bus Ads Bus Shelter Ads Brochure Ads Federated Transportation Services of the Bluegrass 2308 Frankfort Ct. FTSB Lexington, KY 40510 www.ftsb.org Making it Happen Call (888) 848-0989 Transit Advertising - An Excellent Advertising Value AdvertisingAdvertising Promote Your Business on our Buses Looking for ways to get your message out? FTSB Stay ahead of your competition with bus advertising is here to promote your business on our moving on FTSB’s vehicles for your next advertising or billboards. Whatever your marketing needs are, let marketing campaign. Transit advertising generates FTSB’s buses do the advertising work for you. We repeated exposures all day by reaching audiences carry your customers and new consumers to their across the complete area. FTSB’s bus wraps are a favorite destinations, whether it is to work, school, cost efficient way to deliver your advertising message church, movies, restaurants, medical appointments, or to an array of people in a way that simply can’t be other activities. ignored. Benefits of Bus Advertising Reaching your Audience: Customers don’t have to read a particular publication or tune in at certain time to receive your message. Transit Advertising brings your message to the busiest and most desirable areas — including many areas where billboards are not used. You can’t zap it, ignore it or turn it off. Timing: Consumers see bus advertising at the best possible time – when they are not at work, home or school. Transit ads reach people when they’re most ready to respond or make a purchase, such as when they’re traveling or shopping. -
Service Standards Manual
GREATER DAYTON REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY SERVICE STANDARDS MANUAL UPDATED JULY 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………..… 1 PURPOSE……………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 THE FUNCTION………………………………………………………………………………………... 1 SECTION 1: SERVICE DESIGN GUIDELINES……………………………………………………...… 2 ROUTE TYPES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 FREQUENCY OF SERVICE (HEADWAYS)…………………………………………………………….…. 3 TIME PERIODS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 ROUTE DIRECTNESS…………………………………………………………………………………… 5 ROUTE VARIATIONS…………………………………………………………………………………… 5 VEHICLE LOAD FACTORS…………………………………………………………………………….… 5 TRANSFERS………………………………………………………………………………………….… 6 COMMUNITY IMPACT REVIEW………………………………………………………………………… 7 PASSENGER AMENITIES……………………………………………………………………………..… 8 BUS STOPS………………………………………………………………………………………….… 11 PARK-N-RIDES…………………………………………………………………………………….… 12 SECTION 2: SERVICE EVALUATION AND ADJUSTMENT PROCESS ...………………….…… 13 ANNUAL SERVICE PLANNING………………………………………………………………………… 14 FACTOR A – PASSENGERS PER PLATFORM HOUR…………………………………………………… 15 FACTOR B – ON-TIME PERFORMANCE……………………………………………………………..… 16 FACTOR C – COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICE NEEDS……………………………………………….… 16 EXISTING ROUTE AND NEW SERVICE EVALUATION……………………………………………...…. 17 ROUTE EVALUATION PROCESS……………………………………………………………………… 17 NEW OR MODIFIED SERVICE REQUESTS………………………………………………………..…… 20 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION PROCESS……………………………………………………………… 20 PUBLIC OUTREACH AND PARTICIPATION PROCESS………………………………………………….. 21 SERVICE MONITORING PROCEDURES AND POLICIES………………………………………………… -
Chicago Surface Lines Car 4051 the Laboratory PCC Car and Its Predecessors by George E
Chicago Surface Lines Car 4051 The Laboratory PCC Car and Its Predecessors By George E. Kanary ost students of electric street rail - pete with the motor bus and the automo - “Laboratory PCC car 4051” leaves the loop way transportation are familiar bile, both of which had taken ridership at Milwaukee Avenue and Imlay Street, the city Mwith the story of the PCC car. A from the street railways. By the advent of limits with Niles, on August 6, 1940. This was genuine American design success story, it the 1930s streetcars were increasingly the only PCC car to operate on Milwaukee revolutionized urban surface rail transit thought of as being old and outmoded. Avenue. —Edward Frank, Jr. photo, Shore Line not only in the United States and Canada, Leading the design team were Dr. Collection but overseas in Europe as well. In a short Thomas Conway, Jr., Chairman, and began in 1932, was by payment of an time the truck design and method of con - Clarence F. Hirshfeld, Chief Engineer. Dr. assessment determined by the size of the trol and propulsion was adapted to rapid Conway, formerly a professor at the city concerned and Chicago Surface Lines transit cars also. University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton was levied the largest fee, $46,000 over Because of their glamorous appearance School of Finance, was already well known three years. The Chicago Rapid Transit and visibility on the streets of North in Chicago for his reorganization and over - Co. fee was the same, but because of the American cities, PCC cars not only influ - haul of the failing Aurora Elgin & Chicago desperate financial condition of the com - enced increased ridership but also estab - RR in the 1920s. -
Part 1: Downtown Transit Center and Circulator Shuttle
Howard Research and Development Corporation Downtown Columbia Downtown Transit Center and Circulator Shuttle Feasibility Study: Part 1 - Downtown Transit Center & Downtown Circulator Shuttle (Part of CEPPA #5) DRAFTDecember 2011 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. iv Chapter 1. Downtown Columbia Transit Center ....................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2. Downtown Columbia Circulator Shuttle ............................................................................................... 12 Appendix A. Regional Transit System Evaluation .............................................................................................. 21 Appendix B. Regional Transit Market Analysis .................................................................................................. 46 Appendix C. Transit Circulator Design ................................................................................................................ 64 Appendix D. Transit Center Site Evaluation ...................................................................................................... 764 Appendix E. Transit Development Plan ............................................................................................................... 79 DRAFT Page i• Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. Table of Figures Figure 1 Existing -
The Streetcar Conspiracy
The StreetCar Conspiracy How General Motors Deliberately Destroyed Public Transit by Bradford Snell The electric streetcar, contrary to Van Wilkin's incredible naïve whitewash, did not die a natural death: General Motors killed it. GM killed it by employing a host of anti-competitive devices which, like National City Lines, debased rail transit and promoted auto sales. This is not about a "plot" hatch by wild-eyed corporate rogues, but rather about a consummate business strategy crafted by Alfred P. Sloan, Jr., the MIT-trained genius behind General Motors, to expand auto sales and maximize profits by eliminating streetcars. In 1922, according to GM's own files, Sloan established a special unit within the corporation which was charged, among other things, with the task of replacing America's electric railways with cars, trucks and buses. A year earlier, in 1921, GM lost $65 million, leading Sloan to conclude that the auto market was saturated, that those who desired cars already owned them, and that the only way to increase GM's sales and restore its profitability was by eliminating its principal rival: electric railways. At the time, 90 percent of all trips were by rail, chiefly electric rail; only one in 10 Americans owned an automobile. There were 1,200 separate electric street and interurban railways, a thriving and profitable industry with 44,000 miles of track, 300,000 employees, 15 billion annual passengers, and $1 billion in income. Virtually every city and town in America of more than 2,500 people had its own electric rail system. General Motors sought to reduce competition from electric railways through a variety of measures, including the use of freight leverage. -
2017Chicago Transit Authority a Horse Drawn Omnibus, Originally Operated by the Citizen’S Line Circa 1853, Is Displayed at West Shops at Pulaski and Lake
HISTORICAL CALENDAR 2017Chicago Transit Authority A horse drawn omnibus, originally operated by the Citizen’s Line circa 1853, is displayed at West Shops at Pulaski and Lake. These early transit vehicles were quite primitive, barely just a notch above stagecoaches – little more than hard, wooden bench seats were provided on either side of very sparsely appointed coaches, with no heat, light, or other amenities. It is hard to believe that, from such humble beginnings, Chicago would one day have the second largest public transit system in North America, as it does today. January 2017 S M T W T F S B C D E F G A 1 New Year’s Day 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D E F G 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 G A B C D E F Martin Luther 15 16 King, Jr. Day 17 18 19 20 21 F G A B C D E 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 E F G ABCDEFG: December 2016 February 2017 CTA Operations S M T W T F S S M T W T F S Division 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 Group Days Off 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 t Alternate day off if 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 you work on this day 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 29 30 31 l Central offices closed 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 26 27 28 Chicago streetcar #225 is outside of the 77th Street carbarn, sporting an early Chicago Transit Authority emblem but still wearing the red and cream color scheme of its predecessor company, the Chicago Surface Lines.